Slag-stopping and dust-preventing device for underground powerhouse cavern excavation

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of underground pit construction, and provides an underground powerhouse cavern excavation slag-stopping and dust-preventing device which comprises a supporting cross beam, a water curtain assembly and a slag-stopping and dust-preventing net. The supporting cross beams are fixedly connected with the outer wall of the cavern opening, and the arrangement height of the supporting cross beams is higher than the upper edge of the boundary of the cavern opening. The water curtain assembly and the slag-blocking dust-proof net are fixedly connected with the supporting cross beam; the operation width of the water curtain assembly is larger than the horizontal drift diameter of the cavern opening, and the water curtain assembly is arranged between the cavern opening and the slag stopping dustproof net. And the slag-blocking dustproof net completely covers the opening of the cavern after being unfolded and laid. During underground cavern blasting operation, dust is blocked through the slag-blocking dustproof net arranged at the cavern opening, meanwhile, dust falling is conducted at the cavern opening in combination with the water curtain assembly, diffusion of the dust is effectively blocked, the dust concentration of a construction site and the surrounding environment is reduced, and the construction environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of underground pit construction, and specifically, to a slag blocking and dust prevention device for the excavation of underground powerhouse chambers. Background Art

[0002] In water conservancy construction projects, the underground powerhouse chamber groups are grand in scale, densely arranged, crisscrossed vertically and horizontally, with flat and vertical intersections and three-dimensional intersections; the blasting excavation construction of underground chambers often generates a large amount of dust, which will pollute the air, make the air turbid, and inhaled into the human body will hinder the human respiratory tract and cause respiratory diseases.

[0003] Due to the inability of the pre-constructed ventilation system to form an effective ventilation passage during the blasting construction of underground chambers, the ventilation and dust reduction effect is not good. Currently, the method of waiting for a period of time for the dust to settle automatically is generally adopted. This method has low dust reduction efficiency and cannot carry out the subsequent chamber excavation construction in time. Especially in recent years, with the large-scale development of hydropower resources in China, underground projects of hydropower stations have emerged continuously. With the acceleration of the construction progress, the construction method of multi-sequence in the plane and multi-layer in the three-dimensional space has become an important construction method for underground powerhouse. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the flying stones and dust generated by blasting is an urgent problem to be solved in the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a slag blocking and dust prevention device for the excavation of underground powerhouse chambers, aiming to solve the problem of low dust reduction and suppression efficiency during the blasting process of underground chambers.

[0005] To achieve the above object, this application provides a slag blocking and dust prevention device for the excavation of underground powerhouse chambers, including a support crossbeam, a water curtain assembly and a slag blocking and dust prevention net;

[0006] The support crossbeam is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the chamber opening, and the installation height of the support crossbeam is higher than the upper edge of the boundary of the chamber opening; both the water curtain assembly and the slag blocking and dust prevention net are fixedly connected to the support crossbeam; the working width of the water curtain assembly is greater than the horizontal diameter of the chamber opening, and the water curtain assembly is arranged between the chamber opening and the slag blocking and dust prevention net; the slag blocking and dust prevention net is laid out and completely covers the chamber opening after unfolding.

[0007] In some solutions, the slag blocking and dust prevention device for the excavation of underground powerhouse chambers further includes a counterweight rod, a runner and a winch;

[0008] The counterweight rod is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the slag blocking and dust prevention net; the runner is fixedly connected to the support crossbeam; the steel wire rope of the winch is hung on the runner and extends along the slag blocking and dust prevention net to be fixedly connected to the counterweight rod.

[0009] In some solutions, the slag blocking and dust prevention device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation further includes fixed anchor bolts, and the support crossbeam is fixed to the outer wall of the chamber opening through the fixed anchor bolts; wherein, the fixed anchor bolts are inserted into the outer wall of the chamber opening, and the support crossbeam is detachably and fixedly connected to the fixed anchor bolts.

[0010] In some solutions, the slag blocking and dust prevention device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation further includes a drainage ditch, and the drainage ditch is opened directly below the support crossbeam.

[0011] In some solutions, the slag blocking and dust prevention device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation further includes a sump connected to the drainage ditch.

[0012] In some solutions, the slag blocking and dust prevention device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation further includes a dust scraping plate, and the dust scraping plate is fixedly connected to the support crossbeam; one end of the dust scraping plate abuts against the mesh surface on the side close to the chamber of the slag blocking and dust prevention net.

[0013] Furthermore, the counterweight rod is configured with a water drainage groove that is open at at least one end.

[0014] Advantages of the present application:

[0015] During the blasting operation in the underground chamber of the present application, the slag blocking and dust prevention net arranged at the chamber opening blocks the dust, and at the same time, in combination with the water curtain assembly, dust is reduced at the chamber opening, effectively blocking the diffusion of dust, significantly reducing the dust concentration at the construction site and the surrounding environment, greatly improving the construction environment, reducing the negative impact of blasting construction on air quality and the harm to the respiratory system of construction workers, and reducing the incidence of occupational diseases. At the same time, the slag blocking and dust prevention net and the water curtain assembly can be conveniently installed and disassembled by the support crossbeam, without the need for complex construction equipment and a large amount of manpower, which can save construction time and costs. Description of the Drawings

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 is the front view of the slag blocking and dust prevention device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is the side view of the slag blocking and dust prevention device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged view of part A in

[0020] In the figure, 1 is the support crossbeam; 2 is the water curtain assembly; 3 is the slag blocking and dust-proof net; 4 is the counterweight rod; 5 is the runner; 6 is the hoist; 7 is the fixed anchor bolt; 8 is the drainage ditch; 9 is the sump pit; 10 is the steel wire rope; 11 is the water supply pipe; 12 is the underground chamber; 13 is the chamber entrance. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The following further describes in detail the specific implementation manners of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application. Similarly, the following embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0024] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or communication with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In this application, terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0026] To solve the problem of low dust reduction and suppression efficiency during the blasting process of underground chambers, this application conducts research and design and proposes the following embodiments.

[0027] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , this application provides an underground powerhouse chamber excavation slag retaining and dust-proof device, including a support crossbeam 1, a water curtain assembly 2, and a slag retaining and dust-proof net 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, the support crossbeam 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the chamber opening 13, and is used to provide a basic support frame for the slag retaining and dust-proof device. Moreover, the installation height of the support crossbeam 1 is higher than the upper edge of the boundary of the chamber opening 13 to avoid leaving a gap between the slag retaining and dust-proof device and the chamber opening 13, which may affect the dust reduction and suppression effect; both the water curtain assembly 2 and the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 are fixedly connected to the support crossbeam 1; the working width of the water curtain assembly 2 is greater than the horizontal diameter of the chamber opening 13 to ensure that the water wall generated by the operation of the water curtain assembly 2 can completely cover the chamber opening 13. And the water curtain assembly 2 is arranged between the chamber opening 13 and the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3. The dust generated by the blasting of the underground chamber 12 will be blocked by the water wall formed by the water curtain assembly 2 and carried down by water molecules, while the larger rock fragments will pass through the water wall and be intercepted by the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3; the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 is fully covered with the chamber opening 13 after being unfolded and laid, ensuring that the dust and gravel generated by the chamber blasting operation are intercepted inside the chamber. Among them, the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 can select a net surface with a corresponding mesh size according to actual operation requirements.

[0029] In some embodiments, the underground powerhouse chamber excavation slag retaining and dust-proof device further includes a counterweight rod 4, a runner 5, and a winch 6.

[0030] In this embodiment, the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 can be retracted by tightening the steel wire rope 10 with a winch 6; the counterweight rod 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 to maintain the unfolded and drooping state of the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3, preventing the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 from swinging randomly under the natural wind and affecting the dust-proof effect; at least one runner 5 is provided and is fixedly connected to the support cross beam 1; the steel wire rope 10 of the winch 6 is hung on the runner 5 and extends along the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 to be fixedly connected to the counterweight rod 4, and the connection point between the steel wire rope 10 of the winch 6 and the counterweight rod 4 is at least one.

[0031] In some embodiments, the slag retaining and dust-proof device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation further includes fixed anchor bolts 7, and the support cross beam 1 is fixed to the outer wall of the chamber opening 13 through the fixed anchor bolts 7; during chamber excavation, the fixed anchor bolts 7 are pre-inserted into the outer wall of the chamber opening 13, and the support cross beam 1, the water curtain assembly 2, and the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 are an integral component fixed together. When blasting the chamber is required, the support cross beam 1 and the fixed anchor bolts 7 are detachably assembled, and the slag retaining and dust-proof device can be conveniently arranged at the chamber opening 13; at the same time, after the chamber blasting and construction operations are completed, the slag retaining and dust-proof device can also be conveniently disassembled.

[0032] In some embodiments, the slag retaining and dust-proof device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation further includes a drainage ditch 8, and the drainage ditch 8 is opened directly below the support cross beam 1. The water curtain assembly 2 maintains a water wall, which will form a large amount of sewage and wastewater at the chamber opening 13. Opening the drainage ditch 8 facilitates the rapid drainage and avoids water accumulation.

[0033] Furthermore, the slag retaining and dust-proof device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation further includes a sump 9 communicated with the drainage ditch 8. The water curtain assembly 2 needs to be connected to a water supply pipe 11 and continuously operate to maintain the water wall for dust reduction. Directly discharging the sewage will cause a large waste of water resources; opening the sump 9 communicated with the drainage ditch 8 can collect the sewage, and after certain sedimentation and filtration to meet the use requirements, the collected wastewater can be recycled.

[0034] In some embodiments, the slag retaining and dust-proof device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation further includes a dust scraping plate, and the dust scraping plate is fixedly connected to the support cross beam 1; one end of the dust scraping plate abuts against the net surface of the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 on the side close to the chamber. When the winch 6 drives the steel wire rope 10 to tighten, the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 will gradually retract towards the support cross beam 1, and then the dust scraping plate is used to abut against and rub against the net surface of the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 to clean the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3.

[0035] In some embodiments, the counterweight rod 4 is configured with a water drainage groove that is at least open at one end. Since the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 is arranged adjacent to the water curtain assembly 2, a large amount of moisture will adhere to the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 while the water curtain assembly 2 is operating. The water drainage groove can be used to guide the accumulated water on the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 into the drainage ditch 8.

[0036] Combined with the above embodiments, the specific implementation method of the present application is as follows:

[0037] During the excavation of the chamber, when the system is supported, the fixed anchor rod 7 is inserted synchronously into the outer wall of the chamber opening 13. The support cross beam 1, the water curtain assembly 2 and the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 can directly select general products on the market or be prefabricated in advance according to needs. After the chamber is excavated for a certain distance, the integrated prefabricated parts of the support cross beam 1, the water curtain assembly 2 and the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 are assembled and connected to the fixed anchor rod 7. After the installation is completed, the installation work of the counterweight rod 4, the water supply pipe 11, the winch 6 and the steel wire rope 10 is carried out. A gate valve is set at a suitable position on the water supply pipe 11. The winch 6 is installed at a suitable position on the side of the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3. The drainage ditch 8 is opened at the lower position of the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3. At the same time, a sump 9 is set at a suitable position outside the chamber to collect the water generated by the water curtain assembly 2 through the drainage ditch 8 and pump it to the sedimentation tank through a water pump. When the chamber is excavated and blasted, the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 is lowered and the water supply pipe 11 is opened to supply water to the water curtain assembly 2 to form a water curtain to prevent dust diffusion and reduce the dust concentration. During daily construction, the slag retaining and dust-proof net 3 can be lifted and stored by the winch 6.

[0038] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

[0039] The above are only optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An underground powerhouse chamber excavation slag retaining and dust prevention device, characterized in that, Including: A support crossbeam (1), a water curtain assembly (2) and a slag and dust blocking net (3); The support crossbeam (1) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the chamber opening (13), and the installation height of the support crossbeam (1) is higher than the upper edge of the boundary of the chamber opening (13); both the water curtain assembly (2) and the slag and dust blocking net (3) are fixedly connected to the support crossbeam (1); the working width of the water curtain assembly (2) is greater than the horizontal diameter of the chamber opening (13), and the water curtain assembly (2) is arranged between the chamber opening (13) and the slag and dust blocking net (3); the slag and dust blocking net (3) completely covers the chamber opening (13) after being unfolded and laid.

2. The underground powerhouse chamber excavation slag blocking and dust prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a counterweight rod (4), a runner (5) and a winch (6); The counterweight rod (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the slag and dust blocking net (3); the runner (5) is fixedly connected to the support crossbeam (1); the steel wire rope (10) of the winch (6) is hung on the runner (5) and extends along the slag and dust blocking net (3) to be fixedly connected to the counterweight rod (4).

3. The slag blocking and dust prevention device for underground powerhouse chamber excavation according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a fixing anchor rod (7), and the support crossbeam (1) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the chamber opening (13) through the fixing anchor rod (7); wherein, the fixing anchor rod (7) is inserted into the outer wall of the chamber opening (13), and the support crossbeam (1) is detachably fixedly connected to the fixing anchor rod (7).

4. The underground powerhouse chamber excavation slag blocking and dust prevention device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a drainage ditch (8), and the drainage ditch (8) is opened directly below the support crossbeam (1).

5. The underground powerhouse chamber excavation slag blocking and dust prevention device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes a sump (9) communicated with the drainage ditch (8).

6. The underground power house chamber excavation slag retaining and dust proof device according to claim 2, characterized in that It further includes a dust scraping plate, and the dust scraping plate is fixedly connected to the support crossbeam (1); one end of the dust scraping plate abuts against the mesh surface on the side of the slag and dust blocking net (3) close to the chamber.

7. The underground powerhouse chamber excavation slag blocking and dust prevention device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The counterweight rod (4) is configured with a water drainage groove with at least one end open.

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