Underground engineering drainage structure

Abstract

The utility model provides an underground engineering drainage structure which comprises a drainage assembly arranged between a tunnel primary support layer and a secondary lining layer and a drainage assembly arranged at the bottom of a tunnel and communicated with the drainage assembly, and the drainage assembly comprises a plurality of waterproof strips arranged in the circumferential direction of the tunnel and distributed at intervals in the length direction of the tunnel. The supporting strips are arranged in the length direction of the tunnel and are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, one side wall of the waterproof plate is fixedly connected to the supporting strips and the waterproof strips, the other side wall of the waterproof plate is fixedly connected with a secondary lining layer, and a plurality of water passing grooves are formed in the side faces, close to a primary supporting layer, of the supporting strips. A closed water seepage channel can be formed between every two adjacent waterproof strips, underground water accumulated on the back of the tunnel lining is guided to the drainage assembly in a centralized mode, the surface of a tunnel primary supporting layer is completely covered, and the drainage efficiency and the structural stability of a tunnel are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of underground engineering construction, and particularly relates to an underground engineering drainage structure. Background Art

[0002] Underground engineering refers to underground civil engineering projects built deep below the ground for the development and utilization of underground space resources. It is a general term for projects built in the strata. Tunnels are an indispensable part of underground engineering. They play an important role in transportation construction, water conservancy and power generation, municipal facilities, mining and other fields.

[0003] Existing tunnels typically use a composite lining structure, consisting of three main components: primary support, a waterproof layer, and a secondary lining. The primary support provides temporary support to prevent surrounding rock collapse; the waterproof layer isolates groundwater to prevent water accumulation in the tunnel; and the secondary lining provides permanent support and protection. Groundwater behind the tunnel lining is primarily collected by circular drainage pipes and then drained into a main drainage pipe. However, the limited number of circular drainage pipes prevents water from absorbing and draining the entire surface of the primary support. Consequently, the collected groundwater is limited in scope. In areas without circular drainage pipes, groundwater accumulates behind the tunnel lining, putting pressure on the waterproofing panels, potentially damaging and failing them, posing a threat to the tunnel's stability and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an underground engineering drainage structure to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A drainage structure for an underground project includes a drainage component arranged between an initial support layer and a secondary lining layer of a tunnel, and a drainage component arranged at the bottom of the tunnel and connected to the drainage component. The drainage component includes: a plurality of waterproof strips arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel and spaced apart along the length direction of the tunnel, a plurality of support strips arranged along the length direction of the tunnel and spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and a waterproof plate with one side wall fixedly connected to the support strip and the waterproof strip and the other side wall fixedly connected to the secondary lining layer. The waterproof strip and the support strip are fixedly attached to the initial support layer by fixing clips, and a plurality of water flow grooves are provided on one side surface of the support strip close to the initial support layer.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing card is in the shape of a cross, and the fixing card includes: a fixing plate, a connecting plate connected on both sides of the fixing plate, and a mounting plate respectively connected to the other side of the connecting plate, the mounting plate is penetrated by a mounting hole, and the end portion passes through the mounting hole and is fixed to the initial support layer by a nail.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of first mounting grooves are provided on the side of the waterproof strip and the support strip away from the primary support layer. A hot-melt washer is fixed in the first mounting groove. The thickness of the hot-melt washer is the same as the depth of the first mounting groove. The hot-melt washer is hot-melt connected to the waterproof board.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of second mounting grooves are provided on the side of the waterproof strip and the support strip away from the primary support layer. The fixing plate is located in the second mounting groove. The thickness of the second mounting groove is greater than or equal to the thickness of the fixing plate.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of first engaging grooves having the same width as the support strip are provided on the side of the waterproof strip away from the primary support layer. A plurality of second engaging grooves having the same width as the waterproof strip are provided on the side of the support strip close to the primary support layer. The waterproof strip and the support strip are engaged and overlapped through the first engaging grooves and the second engaging grooves. The bottom wall of the first engaging groove is attached to the top wall of the second engaging groove. The number of the first engaging grooves is the same as the number of the support strips. The number of the second engaging grooves is the same as the number of the waterproof strips.

[0011] Preferably, the support strip includes a plurality of support strip bodies connected end to end. One end of the support strip body is provided with a dovetail groove, and the other end is provided with a dovetail block that can cooperate with the dovetail groove.

[0012] Preferably, the drainage assembly includes: mounting members arranged along the tunnel length direction and respectively located at the bottoms of both ends of the waterproof strip, a longitudinal drainage pipe arranged along the tunnel length direction and located in the mounting members, a central drainage ditch arranged in the invert of the tunnel bottom, and a plurality of transverse drainage pipes arranged obliquely along the tunnel width direction and communicating between the longitudinal drainage pipe and the central drainage ditch. A plurality of circular holes are uniformly distributed along the pipe circumference of the longitudinal drainage pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting member is connected to the primary support layer through a fixing clip. The mounting member is in an "L" shape. The longitudinal drainage pipe is wrapped with geotextile. The distance between the inside of the mounting member and the primary support layer is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drainage pipe. The space between the mounting member and the longitudinal drainage pipe is filled with a permeable filler.

[0014] In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The utility model realizes comprehensive coverage of the surface of the initial support layer of the tunnel through multiple waterproof strips arranged circumferentially along the tunnel and distributed at intervals along the tunnel length direction. Closed seepage channels are formed between adjacent waterproof strips, and the groundwater accumulated behind the tunnel lining is centrally guided to the drainage assembly, enabling more effective collection and discharge of the groundwater behind the tunnel lining, reducing the local stress concentration phenomenon caused by groundwater accumulation, and reducing the risk of failure of the waterproof board due to damage. Multiple support strips arranged along the tunnel length direction and distributed at intervals along the tunnel circumferential direction further enhance the stability of the tunnel structure. The support strips, waterproof strips, and waterproof board together form a stable support system, which helps to resist the surrounding rock pressure and external loads, and improves the drainage efficiency and structural stability of the tunnel;

[0016] 2. The support strips of the utility model are formed by the end-to-end connection of dovetail grooves and dovetail blocks between multiple support strip bodies, enabling a tight connection relationship to be formed between the support strip bodies, enhancing the integrity and stability of the drainage structure, and also making the installation and disassembly of the support strips simpler and faster. At the same time, it reduces the construction difficulty and cost, and is also convenient for subsequent maintenance and repair of the tunnel drainage structure;

[0017] 3. Through the setting of the installation parts, the utility model ensures that the longitudinal drain pipe can be firmly fixed at the bottom of the tunnel. The longitudinal drain pipe can effectively collect groundwater and guide it to the central drainage ditch at the bottom of the tunnel through the transverse drain pipe, enabling the groundwater to be collected and discharged more quickly and comprehensively, reducing the amount of water accumulated behind the tunnel lining, thereby reducing the pressure on the waterproof board and improving the stability and safety of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present utility model, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a drainage structure for an underground project;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial connection structure of the waterproof strip and the support strip of a drainage structure for an underground project;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing clip of a drainage structure for an underground project;

[0022] Figure 4 [[ID=

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the support strip of a drainage structure for underground engineering;

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the drainage component of a drainage structure for underground engineering;

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal drainage pipe of a drainage structure for underground engineering;

[0026] Reference numerals: 1 - waterproof strip, 2 - support strip, 3 - waterproof board, 4 - fixing clip, 5 - water passing groove, 6 - fixing plate, 7 - connecting plate, 8 - mounting plate, 9 - nail, 10 - mounting hole, 11 - first mounting groove, 12 - hot melt washer, 13 - second mounting groove, 14 - first engaging groove, 15 - second engaging groove, 16 - dovetail groove, 17 - dovetail block, 18 - mounting piece, 19 - longitudinal drainage pipe, 20 - central drainage ditch, 21 - transverse drainage pipe, 22 - round hole, 23 - geotextile. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present utility model is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0030] In addition, if terms such as "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In addition, when terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging" appear, it does not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or hanging, but they can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and it does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined.

[0032] In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, when terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", "linked" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0033] It should be noted that, without conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other.

[0034] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, an underground engineering drainage structure includes a drainage component disposed between the primary support layer and the secondary lining layer of the tunnel, and a drainage component disposed at the bottom of the tunnel and communicating with the drainage component. The drainage component includes: a plurality of waterproof strips 1 arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel and spaced along the length direction of the tunnel, a plurality of support strips 2 arranged along the length direction of the tunnel and spaced along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and a waterproof board 3 with one side wall fixedly connected to the support strip 2 and the waterproof strip 1 and the other side wall fixedly connected to the secondary lining layer. The waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2 are fixedly attached to the primary support layer through a fixing clip 4, and a plurality of water troughs 5 are provided on one side surface of the support strip 2 close to the primary support layer.

[0035] It should be noted that: the waterproof board 3 can adopt the commonly used existing EVA composite waterproof board 3. The support strip 2 and the waterproof strip 1 should have the same thickness. In practice, the width and thickness of the support strip 2 and the waterproof strip 1 can both be 6 cm. The support strip 2 and the waterproof strip 1 are also made of the same material, which is a flexible material with low surface water absorption, excellent anti-aging performance, and strong chemical corrosion resistance, such as polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, and polyethylene foam, etc. The quantity layout of the support strip 2 and the waterproof strip 1 is formulated according to the actual situation of the tunnel. A plurality of the waterproof strips 1 are equally spaced, and the distance between the waterproof strips can be set to 0.6 - 1 m. The distance between the support strips 2 at the crown of the tunnel should be less than the distance between the support strips 2 on the side walls of the tunnel, so as to strengthen the fixing strength of the waterproof board 3 at the crown. The quantity and width of the water troughs 5 can be formulated according to the actual situation.

[0036] In practice, the side surfaces of the support strip 2 and the waterproof strip 1 away from the primary support layer should be flush. A closed water seepage channel is formed between adjacent waterproof strips 1, thereby centrally guiding the groundwater accumulated behind the tunnel lining into the drainage assembly, achieving full coverage of the surface of the primary support layer of the tunnel, enabling the groundwater behind the tunnel lining to be collected and drained more effectively, reducing the phenomenon of local stress concentration caused by the accumulation of groundwater, reducing the risk of failure of the waterproof board 3 due to damage. Multiple support strips 2 arranged along the length direction of the tunnel and distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tunnel can further enhance the stability of the tunnel structure. The support strip 2, the waterproof strip 1, and the waterproof board 3 together form a stable support system, which helps to resist the surrounding rock pressure and external loads. This drainage structure can improve the drainage efficiency and structural stability of the tunnel.

[0037] Among them, as Figure 3 shown, the fixing clip 4 is in a U-shape. The fixing clip 4 includes: a fixing plate 6, connecting plates 7 connected to both sides of the fixing plate 6, and mounting plates 8 respectively connected to the other sides of the connecting plates 7. Mounting holes 10 are penetrated through the mounting plates 8, and nail guns 9 with ends passing through the mounting holes and fixed to the primary support layer.

[0038] It should be noted that: the fixing clip 4 can be prepared from 0.5 mm galvanized iron sheet. The distance between the two connecting plates 7 should be the same as the widths of the waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2, and the length of the connecting plate 7 should be the same as the thicknesses of the waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2.

[0039] To prevent the fixing plate 6 from protruding on the waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2, causing a gap between the waterproof board 3 and the waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2, which affects the waterproof and drainage performance of the tunnel, as Figure 3 shown, a plurality of second mounting grooves 13 are provided on the side surfaces of the waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2 away from the primary support layer. The fixing plate 6 is located in the second mounting grooves 13, and the thickness of the second mounting grooves 13 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the fixing plate 6.

[0040] As Figure 2 shown, a plurality of first mounting grooves 11 are provided on the side surfaces of the waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2 away from the primary support layer. Heat-melt washers 12 are fixed in the first mounting grooves 11. The thickness of the heat-melt washers 12 is the same as the depth of the first mounting grooves 11. The heat-melt washers 12 are heat-melt connected to the waterproof board 3; setting the heat-melt washers 12 in the first mounting grooves 11 can prevent a gap between the waterproof board 3 and the waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2, and further improve the waterproof and drainage performance of the drainage structure.

[0041] It should be noted that: The hot-melt washer 12 is installed by the existing technology of the nail gun 9. The hot-melt washer 12 and the waterproof board 3 can be often welded by a pressure welder. The overlapping length between adjacent waterproof boards 3 should be not less than 10 cm. The welding between adjacent waterproof boards 3 is carried out by a double-seam hot-melt welder.

[0042] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 described above, on one side of the waterproof strip 1 away from the primary support layer, there are provided a plurality of first engaging grooves 14 having the same width as the support strip 2. On one side of the support strip 2 close to the primary support layer, there are provided a plurality of second engaging grooves 15 having the same width as the waterproof strip 1. The waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2 are engaged and overlapped through the first engaging grooves 14 and the second engaging grooves 15. The bottom wall of the first engaging groove 14 is attached to the top wall of the second engaging groove 15. The number of the first engaging grooves 14 is the same as the number of the support strips 2, and the number of the second engaging grooves 15 is the same as the number of the waterproof strips 1. Since the waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2 have the same thickness, and the sides of the support strip 2 and the waterproof strip 1 away from the primary support layer are flush, the thicknesses of the first engaging grooves 14 and the second engaging grooves 15 should be half of the thicknesses of the waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2. The engagement and overlap of the support strip 2 and the waterproof strip 1 limit the relative displacement between the waterproof strip 1 and the support strip 2, further enhancing the stability and reliability of the structure.

[0043] As Figure 5 shown, the support strip 2 includes a plurality of support strip 2 bodies connected end to end. One end of the support strip 2 body is provided with a dovetail groove 16, and the other end is provided with a dovetail block 17 that can cooperate with the dovetail groove 16.

[0044] The plurality of support strip 2 bodies are connected end to end through the dovetail grooves 16 and the dovetail blocks 17, enabling a tight connection relationship to be formed between the support strip 2 bodies, enhancing the integrity and stability of the drainage structure, and also making the installation and disassembly of the support strip 2 simpler and faster, reducing the construction difficulty and cost. At the same time, it is also convenient for subsequent maintenance and repair of the tunnel drainage structure.

[0045] As Figure 6 - Figure 7 shown, the drainage assembly includes: mounting members 18 arranged along the tunnel length direction and respectively located at the bottoms of both ends of the waterproof strip 1, a longitudinal drain pipe 19 arranged along the tunnel length direction and located within the mounting members 18, a central drainage ditch 20 arranged in the invert of the tunnel bottom, and a plurality of transverse drain pipes 21 arranged obliquely along the tunnel width direction and communicating between the longitudinal drain pipe 19 and the central drainage ditch 20. A plurality of round holes 22 are evenly distributed along the pipe circumference of the longitudinal drain pipe 19.

[0046] Among them, the installation part 18 is connected to the primary support layer through the fixing clip 4. The installation part 18 is in an "L" shape. The longitudinal drain pipe 19 is wrapped with geotextile 23. The distance between the inside of the installation part 18 and the primary support layer is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drain pipe. A permeable filler is filled between the installation part 18 and the longitudinal drain pipe 19.

[0047] It should be noted that: the longitudinal drain pipe 19 and the transverse drain pipe 21 can be connected by a tee. The installation plate 8 can be made of materials such as polyurethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam or polyethylene foam, etc. The permeable filler can be made of gravel or permeable concrete, etc.;

[0048] The longitudinal drain pipe 19 is firmly fixed to the bottom of the tunnel through the installation plate 8 and the fixing clip 4. The water flowing out from the water seepage channel between the waterproof strips 1 flows into the space formed by the installation plate 8 and the primary support layer through the water trough 5, and then enters the longitudinal drain pipe 19 through the round hole 22. The longitudinal drain pipe 19 guides the collected groundwater to the central drainage ditch 20 at the bottom of the tunnel through the transverse drain pipe 21, so that the groundwater can be collected and discharged more quickly and comprehensively, reducing the amount of water accumulated behind the tunnel lining, thereby reducing the pressure on the waterproof board 3 and improving the stability and safety of the tunnel. The geotextile 23 wrapped on the longitudinal drain pipe 19 not only enhances the protection of the drain pipe, but also prevents impurities from entering the drainage system and keeps the drainage system unobstructed.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described by referring to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An underground engineering drainage structure, characterized in that: It includes a drainage component arranged between the initial support layer and the secondary lining layer of the tunnel, and a drainage component arranged at the bottom of the tunnel and communicated with the drainage component. The drainage component includes: multiple waterproof strips (1) arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel and spaced along the length direction of the tunnel, multiple support strips (2) arranged along the length direction of the tunnel and spaced along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and a waterproof board (3) with one side wall fixedly connected to the support strip (2) and the waterproof strip (1) and the other side wall fixedly connected to the secondary lining layer. The waterproof strip (1) and the support strip (2) are fixedly attached to the initial support layer through fixing clips (4), and a plurality of water passing grooves (5) are arranged on one side surface of the support strip (2) close to the initial support layer.

2. The drainage structure for underground engineering according to claim 1, wherein: The fixing clip (4) is in a U shape. The fixing clip (4) includes: a fixing plate (6), connecting plates (7) connected to both sides of the fixing plate (6), and mounting plates (8) respectively connected to the other sides of the connecting plates (7). Mounting holes (10) are penetrated through the mounting plates (8), and nail guns (9) with ends passing through the mounting holes and fixed to the initial support layer.

3. An underground engineering drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first mounting grooves (11) are arranged on the side surfaces of the waterproof strip (1) and the support strip (2) away from the initial support layer. A hot melt washer (12) is fixed in the first mounting groove (11). The thickness of the hot melt washer (12) is the same as the depth of the first mounting groove (11). The hot melt washer (12) is hot melt connected to the waterproof board (3).

4. An underground engineering drainage structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of second mounting grooves (13) are arranged on the side surfaces of the waterproof strip (1) and the support strip (2) away from the initial support layer. The fixing plate (6) is located in the second mounting groove (13). The thickness of the second mounting groove (13) is greater than or equal to the thickness of the fixing plate (6).

5. The drainage structure for underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first engaging grooves (14) with the same width as the support strip (2) are arranged on the side surface of the waterproof strip (1) away from the initial support layer. A plurality of second engaging grooves (15) with the same width as the waterproof strip (1) are arranged on the side surface of the support strip (2) close to the initial support layer. The waterproof strip (1) and the support strip (2) are engaged and overlapped through the first engaging groove (14) and the second engaging groove (15). The bottom wall of the first engaging groove (14) is attached to the top wall of the second engaging groove (15). The number of the first engaging grooves (14) is the same as the number of the support strips (2), and the number of the second engaging grooves (15) is the same as the number of the waterproof strips (1).

6. The underground engineering drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support strip (2) includes a plurality of support strip (2) bodies connected end to end. One end of the support strip (2) body is provided with a dovetail groove (16), and the other end is provided with a dovetail block (17) that can cooperate with the dovetail groove (16).

7. An underground engineering drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage assembly includes: mounting members (18) arranged along the tunnel length direction and located at the bottoms of both ends of the waterproof strip (1), a longitudinal drainage pipe (19) arranged along the tunnel length direction and located within the mounting members (18), a central drainage ditch (20) arranged within the invert of the tunnel bottom, and multiple transverse drainage pipes (21) arranged obliquely along the tunnel width direction and communicating between the longitudinal drainage pipe (19) and the central drainage ditch (20). A number of circular holes (22) are uniformly distributed along the pipe circumference of the longitudinal drainage pipe (19).

8. The underground engineering drainage structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mounting members (18) are connected to the primary support layer through fixing clamps (4). The mounting members (18) are in an "L" shape. A geotextile (23) is wrapped around the longitudinal drainage pipe (19). The distance between the interior of the mounting members (18) and the primary support layer is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the drainage pipe. A permeable filler is filled between the mounting members (18) and the longitudinal drainage pipe (19).

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