Carbon electrode protection device of silicon smelting furnace

Abstract

The utility model provides a silicon smelting furnace carbon electrode protection device which comprises a furnace body, a plurality of electrode bars are arranged in the furnace body, carbon brick blocks are arranged between the electrode bars and the bottom of the furnace body, the top ends of the carbon brick blocks abut against the bottom ends of the electrode bars, vertical through holes are formed in the carbon brick blocks, and the through holes are communicated with the furnace body. A first through groove and a second through groove are formed in the upper surface of the carbon brick block, and the first through groove and the second through groove are distributed in a cross shape. The carbon brick block is arranged at the bottom end of the electrode bar, so that the electrode bar can be effectively prevented from being oxidized and consumed too early to cause hard breakage of the electrode in the blow-in process by consuming the electrode bar, and the blow-in process is effectively prevented from being interrupted; the first through groove and the second through groove are formed in the upper surface of the carbon brick block, current is decomposed, and the situation that three-phase electrodes form a dead phase, namely a pure resistance circuit, consequently, electric appliance parameters are unstable, and then electrode over-current breaking or equipment faults are caused is avoided; the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low and the use mode is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of metallurgical equipment and relates to a carbon electrode protection device for a silicon smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] Most large-scale ferroalloy submerged arc furnaces use a combination of wood-fired and electric heating to start the furnace, a process that presents common issues such as low safety, high cost, and difficulty in control. Electric heating is also currently used, which offers improved safety. However, during this process, the three-phase carbon electrodes undergo continuous high-temperature oxidation, causing their diameter to decrease. Ultimately, the tightening force of the carbon electrode threads can no longer support their weight, causing the electrodes to break, interrupting the furnace start-up process and significantly impacting both the furnace start-up schedule and the quality of the furnace lining roasting. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a carbon electrode protection device for a silicon smelting furnace to solve the problem of electrode diameter becoming smaller and electrode breaking during electric furnace opening in the background technology.

[0004] To this end, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A carbon electrode protection device for a silicon smelting furnace includes a furnace body, wherein a plurality of electrode rods are arranged in the furnace body, a carbon brick block is provided between the electrode rods and the bottom of the furnace body, the top end of the carbon brick block abuts against the bottom end of the electrode rod, the carbon brick block is provided with a vertical through hole, and the upper surface of the carbon brick block is provided with a first through groove and a second through groove, and the first through groove and the second through groove are arranged in a cross shape.

[0006] Furthermore, there are three electrode rods.

[0007] Furthermore, the carbon brick block is cylindrical and the diameter of the carbon brick block is consistent with the diameter of the electrode rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the through hole is located at the junction of the first through groove and the second through groove and coincides with the axis of the carbon brick.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the through hole is 80-120 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the first through-slot and the second through-slot are consistent in shape, and the width and depth of the first through-slot are 80-120 mm and 80-120 mm, respectively.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: Carbon bricks are arranged at the bottom end of the electrode rod. During the furnace start-up process, the consumption of the electrode rod can effectively prevent the premature oxidation and consumption of the electrode rod, avoid the hard break of the electrode rod, and effectively prevent interruption during the furnace start-up process; A first through groove and a second through groove are arranged on the upper surface of the carbon bricks to decompose the current, avoid the formation of a dead phase (i.e., a pure resistance circuit) in the three-phase electrodes, prevent unstable electrical parameters, and further avoid overcurrent breakage of the electrode or equipment failure; The structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the use method is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the carbon bricks of the present utility model;

[0014] In the figure, 1 - furnace body, 2 - electrode rod, 3 - carbon bricks, 4 - through hole, 5 - first through groove, 6 - second through groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0015] The following will describe the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings:

[0016] Such as Figure 1 And 2As shown in the figure, a carbon electrode protection device for a silicon smelting furnace includes a furnace body 1, which is an existing conventional silicon smelting furnace. There are three electrode rods 2 inside the furnace body 1. The electrode rods 2 are existing conventional three-phase carbon electrodes. The electrode rods 2 can be inserted into the furnace body 1 from the top of the furnace body 1 to start the furnace. There is a carbon brick block 3 between the electrode rods 2 and the bottom of the furnace body 1. Specifically, the carbon brick block 3 is cylindrical and the diameter of the carbon brick block 3 is the same as the diameter of the electrode rod 2. During use, it can prevent a large difference in resistance between the carbon brick block 3 and the electrode rod 2. When a large current passes through, high temperature and redness will not appear on the contact surface between the carbon brick block 3 and the electrode rod 2, resulting in premature oxidation and disappearance of the electrode rod 2 and the carbon brick block 3. The top end of the carbon brick block 3 abuts against the bottom end of the electrode rod 2, which can effectively prevent the formation of an electric arc between the electrode rod 2 and the carbon brick block 3 during furnace startup. There is a vertically arranged through hole 4 on the carbon brick block 3. The through hole 4 penetrates the carbon brick block 3, and the diameter of the through hole 4 is 80 - 120 mm. In this embodiment, the diameter of the through hole 4 is 100 mm. Since during the furnace startup process, with the increase of the furnace startup power supply load and time, the temperature of the carbon brick block 3 gradually rises, and high-temperature oxidation can occur from the internal through hole, consuming the carbon brick block 3. There is a first through groove 5 and a second through groove 6 on the upper surface of the carbon brick block 3. The first through groove 5 and the second through groove 6 are arranged in a cross shape. The shapes of the first through groove 5 and the second through groove 6 are the same, and the width of the first through groove 5 is 80 - 120 mm and the depth is 80 - 120 mm. In this embodiment, the width is 100 mm and the depth is 100 mm. After the furnace startup power supply is turned on, an arc can be formed in the first through groove 5 and the second through groove 6 to decompose the current, avoiding the formation of a dead phase, that is, a pure resistance circuit, in the three-phase electrodes, resulting in unstable electrical parameters, and further causing the electrode to be broken by overcurrent or equipment failure. The first through groove 5 and the second through groove 6 help the carbon brick block 3 to be gradually oxidized and consumed as the furnace startup process progresses, and will not affect the normal operation of the smelting electrode due to the presence of the carbon brick block 3 during the feeding stage.

[0017] In addition, the through hole 4 is located at the intersection of the first through groove 5 and the second through groove 6 and coincides with the axis line of the carbon brick block 3.

[0018] The usage method of the present utility model is as follows:

[0019] Before starting the furnace, first place the carbon bricks 3 at the corresponding positions in the furnace body 1 opposite to the electrode rods 2, and then insert the electrode rods 2 into the furnace body 1 so that the bottom ends of the electrode rods 2 abut against the tops of the carbon bricks 3. Then, electric baking can be carried out to start the furnace. At the beginning, current passes through the electrode rods 2 and the carbon bricks 3 into the bottom of the furnace body 1, and no arc is generated between the electrode rods 2 and the bottom of the furnace body 1 for arc-free baking, mainly for thermal roasting of the furnace bottom. During this process, the carbon bricks 3 are gradually heated to a high temperature, and high-temperature oxidation occurs through the internal through holes 4, consuming the carbon bricks 3. The carbon bricks 3 can effectively prevent the premature reduction of the diameter of the electrode rods 2 due to high-temperature oxidation. In addition, arc discharge and work can be formed in the first through groove 5 and the second through groove 6 at the top of the carbon bricks 3 to decompose the current, avoiding the formation of a dead phase, that is, a pure resistance circuit, in the three-phase electrodes, which may lead to unstable electrical parameters, and further cause the electrode to be broken by overcurrent or equipment failure. At the same time, the arc generated in the first through groove 5 and the second through groove 6 can also accelerate the consumption of the carbon bricks 3. When a part of the carbon bricks 3 is consumed, the bottom of the electrode rods 2 is separated from the carbon bricks 3, and then arc baking is carried out for thermal roasting of the furnace wall. When all the carbon bricks 3 are consumed, feeding and production can be carried out.

[0020] During the whole process, the roasting curves of the furnace bottom, furnace wall and electrodes fit the theoretical heating curve. The cold ramming paste furnace lining is sufficiently carbonized with high roasting quality. The electrodes are well roasted with good current-carrying capacity, and there are no potential hidden dangers. The electrical parameters are steadily improved according to the schedule, and no abnormal situations such as sudden increase or decrease of load occur, meeting the process requirements of the submerged arc furnace power transmission procedure. The degree of electrode oxidation is light, and the furnace start-up period can be controlled within about 6 days, greatly shortening the furnace start-up period and start-up cost.

Claims

1. A carbon electrode protection device for a silicon smelting furnace, comprising a furnace body (1), wherein a plurality of electrode rods (2) are arranged in the furnace body (1), and it is characterized in that, A carbon brick (3) is provided between the electrode rod (2) and the bottom of the furnace body (1). The top end of the carbon brick (3) abuts against the bottom end of the electrode rod (2). A through hole (4) vertically arranged is provided on the carbon brick (3). A first through groove (5) and a second through groove (6) are provided on the upper surface of the carbon brick (3). The first through groove (5) and the second through groove (6) are arranged in a cross shape.

2. The carbon electrode protection device for a silicon smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are three electrode rods (2).

3. A carbon electrode protection device for a silicon smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon brick (3) is cylindrical and the diameter of the carbon brick (3) is the same as that of the electrode rod (2).

4. A carbon electrode protection device for a silicon smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that The through hole (4) is located at the intersection of the first through groove (5) and the second through groove (6) and coincides with the axis line of the carbon brick (3).

5. The carbon electrode protection device for a silicon smelting furnace according to claim 1, wherein, The diameter of the through hole (4) is 80 - 120 mm.

6. The carbon electrode protection device for a silicon smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shapes of the first through groove (5) and the second through groove (6) are the same. The width of the first through groove (5) is 80 - 120 mm and the depth is 80 - 120 mm.

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