Beam current collector
By improving the cooling cylinder structure of the beam collector, the cone design and gradient flow path of the middle and outer shells are adopted, the problem of uneven cooling liquid flow rate is solved, better cooling effect and structural stability are achieved, and the safe operation of the accelerator is ensured.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422300640.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-20
AI Technical Summary
In the cooling system of existing beam collectors, the water inlet and outlet pipes are located at both axial ends of the cooling cylinder, causing a sharp change in the water flow rate, affecting the cooling effect and structural stability, and unable to effectively protect the safety of the accelerator.
The conical structure design of the middle and outer shells is adopted, and the gradient design of the inlet and outlet flow channels is combined with the long strip setting of the through holes to ensure uniformity of the coolant flow rate and structural stability.
The uniform distribution and rapid flow of coolant is achieved, the cooling effect is improved, the pressure drop and stress is reduced, and the structural stability and safety protection function of the beam collector are ensured.
Smart Images
Figure CN223182377U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of particle accelerators in nuclear energy technology, in particular to a beam collector. Background Art
[0002] Accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (AB-BNCT) primarily relies on thermal or epithermal neutrons to treat cancer and is currently one of the most advanced cancer treatments internationally. A BNCT system primarily consists of an ion source, accelerator, high-energy beamline, target, and beam shaper. The ion source generates protons, which are accelerated by an accelerator and then bombard a lithium or beryllium target (or absorbed by a beam collector). The fission reaction produces a neutron beam, whose energy and direction are controlled by a beam shaper before being directed toward the body, completing a nuclear reaction within tumor cells.
[0003] The beam dump is one of the core components of the accelerator. As an important safety protection component, it includes an absorber, a cooling system, a shielding body and a measuring device. The main functions of the beam dump include absorbing high-energy particle beams, cooling the absorber and radiation shielding, which are respectively realized by the absorber, cooling system and shielding device.
[0004] The beam collector in existing accelerators features a copper cone absorber. The cooling system includes the absorber, a cooling tube, and water inlet and outlet pipes. The absorber is a closed-tip cone structure, located within the absorber. A gap separates the absorber and the cooling tube. The water inlet pipe is located at the cone tip, and the water outlet pipe is located at the cone bottom. High-velocity cooling water flows through this gap from the cone tip to the cone bottom, rapidly dissipating the heat generated by proton bombardment on the beam collector's inner surface. The cooling system is crucial to the beam collector and directly impacts its performance.
[0005] However, in the existing beam collector, the water inlet and outlet pipes are located at the axial ends of the cooling cylinder, which is not conducive to the arrangement of the water pipes. The sudden reduction in the flow area of the outlet pipe causes the water flow rate at the outlet pipe mouth to increase sharply, which is easy to exceed the bearing range of the material. The sudden reduction in the flow area will also cause the water flow rate between the absorber and the cooling cylinder to slow down, resulting in an excessively large flow rate difference, which not only affects the cooling effect of the cooling water, but also affects the structural stability of the cooling system, thereby causing the beam collector to fail to play a safety protection role and the accelerator to fail to work normally. Utility Model Content
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, thereby providing a beam dump.
[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0008] A beam dump comprising
[0009] Absorber
[0010] Cooling cylinder, comprising a middle shell located outside the absorber and an outer shell located outside the middle shell, both the middle shell and the outer shell are conical, with the tips facing the same direction and open, and the bottom ends are closed;
[0011] A liquid inlet is provided at the tip of the middle shell, and a liquid outlet is provided at the tip of the outer shell; a liquid inlet flow channel communicating with the liquid inlet is formed between the middle shell and the outer wall of the absorber, and a liquid outlet flow channel communicating with the liquid outlet is formed between the middle shell and the outer shell;
[0012] A long strip-shaped through hole is provided on the side wall of the middle shell near the bottom end to connect the liquid inlet flow channel and the liquid outlet flow channel, and the long side of the through hole extends along the circumferential direction of the middle shell.
[0013] Preferably, the radial width of the liquid inlet flow channel at the tip of the middle shell is K1, and the radial width at the bottom end of the middle shell is K2, K1 / K2 = 1 - 1.05.
[0014] Preferably, the radial width of the liquid outlet flow channel gradually decreases from the tip to the bottom end of the outer shell. The radial width of the liquid outlet flow channel at the tip of the outer shell is K3, and the radial width at the bottom end of the outer shell is K4, K3 / K4 = 1.5 - 1.8.
[0015] Preferably, the slope of the inner side wall of the middle shell is 0.0812 - 0.0872; and / or
[0016] The slope of the inner side wall of the outer shell is 0.0891 - 0.101.
[0017] Preferably, the radial width of the liquid inlet flow channel at the tip of the middle shell is K1, the radial width at the bottom end of the middle shell is K2, the radial width of the liquid outlet flow channel at the tip of the outer shell is K3, and the radial width at the bottom end of the outer shell is K4, K1 < K3, K2 ≤ K4.
[0018] Preferably, the ratio of the flow rate of the liquid inlet flow channel to the flow rate of the liquid outlet channel is 0.2 - 0.3.[[ID=3**]]
[0019] Preferably, the through hole comprises two symmetrically distributed keyway-shaped holes.
[0020] Preferably, the total flow area of the through hole is S1, and the cross-section of the liquid inlet flow channel corresponding to the cross-section of the through hole is S2, S1 / S2 = 0.1 - 0.2; and / or
[0021] The kidney-shaped hole has a solid section to the bottom end of the middle layer housing. The axial length of the solid section is H1, and the axial length of the middle layer housing is H2, where H1 / H2 = 0.05 - 0.07.
[0022] Preferably, the middle layer housing, the outer layer housing, and the absorber are all made of copper.
[0023] Preferably, the axial two ends of the middle layer housing, the outer layer housing, and the absorber are respectively flush; the tip thickness of the absorber is greater than the side wall thickness of the absorber; and / or
[0024] The axial bottom ends of the middle layer housing and the outer layer housing are sealed and connected by a sealing end to close the ends of the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel. The middle layer housing, the outer layer housing, and the sealing section are of an integral structure.
[0025] Preferably, the beam collector further includes an inlet and outlet assembly. The inlet and outlet assembly includes a cover, a liquid inlet pipe corresponding to the liquid inlet, and a liquid outlet pipe corresponding to the liquid outlet. The cover is sealed and connected to both the middle layer housing and the outer layer housing. The number of the liquid outlet pipes is multiple and is evenly distributed circumferentially around the liquid inlet pipe.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0027] In the beam collector provided by the above technical solution, both the middle layer housing and the outer layer housing are conical shapes similar to the absorber and the absorber cone angle. The cross-sectional areas of the formed liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are relatively small, the flow velocity of the coolant inside is relatively fast, the coolant distribution is more uniform, and the coolant can flow rapidly in the channel close to the absorber, thus bringing a better cooling effect. Moreover, the pressures on the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are smaller, the pressure drop is smaller, and the heat exchange effect is good. The through hole between the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel is designed to be long strip-shaped. On the basis of ensuring the structural strength of the middle layer housing, the restriction of the through hole on the coolant is reduced, and it is avoided that the coolant forms a large flow velocity at the through hole due to the sudden reduction of the flow area, so that the flow velocity at the through hole is close to or slightly greater than the inlet flow velocity, solving the problems of extremely uneven flow velocity and excessive maximum flow velocity, and ensuring the structural stability of the cooling cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the beam collector according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the beam collector according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the beam collector according to an embodiment of the present utility model from another angle.
[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the beam collector according to another embodiment of the present utility model.
[0033] Explanation of reference numerals:
[0034] 10. Absorber; 20. Cooling cylinder; 21. Middle shell; 22. Outer shell; 23. Liquid inlet; 24. Liquid outlet; 25. Liquid inlet flow channel; 26. Liquid outlet flow channel; 27. Through hole; 271. Solid section; 28. Sealing section; 30. Inlet and outlet assembly; 31. Sealing cover; 32. Liquid inlet pipe; 33. Liquid outlet pipe. Detailed implementation manners
[0035] Next, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0036] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0037] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0038] As shown in the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 3 figures, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a beam collector, which includes an absorber 10 and a cooling cylinder 20. The absorber 10 is a conical structure with a closed tip and an open bottom end, and its inner wall is used to absorb particles, and its outer wall is cooled by the cooling cylinder; the function of the cooling cylinder 20 is to convey the coolant to cool the absorber 10.
[0039] Specifically, the cooling cylinder 20 includes an intermediate shell 21 located outside the absorber 10 and an outer shell 22 located outside the intermediate shell 21. Both the intermediate shell 21 and the outer shell 22 are conical, with the tips facing the same direction and open, and the bottom ends are closed. It should be noted that the closed bottom ends of the intermediate shell 21 and the outer shell 22 mean that the bottom ends of the intermediate shell 21 and the outer shell 22 are in a closed state to prevent the coolant from flowing out from the bottom ends of the intermediate shell 21 and the outer shell 22, while the bottom end of the absorber 10 is in an open state; a liquid inlet 23 is provided at the tip of the intermediate shell 21, and a liquid outlet 24 is provided at the tip of the outer shell 22, that is, the liquid inlet 23 and the liquid outlet 24 are at the same axial end of the cooling cylinder 20, which is convenient for pipeline arrangement, and the liquid inlet 23 corresponds to the tip of the absorber, so that the coolant can exchange heat with the high-temperature part of the absorber at a large temperature difference when the heat absorption and temperature rise are less, so as to enhance the cooling effect at the high-temperature part; an inlet flow channel 25 communicating with the liquid inlet 23 is formed between the intermediate shell 21 and the absorber 10, and the coolant can flow rapidly in the flow channel close to the absorber. An outlet flow channel 26 communicating with the liquid outlet 24 is formed between the intermediate shell 21 and the outer shell 22; a long through hole 27 is provided on the side wall of the intermediate shell 21 near the bottom end to connect the inlet flow channel 25 and the outlet flow channel 26, and the long side of the through hole 27 extends along the circumferential direction of the intermediate shell 21.
[0040] As shown in the attached Figure 2As shown, the low-temperature coolant enters the liquid inlet channel 25 from the liquid inlet 23 at the tip of the middle shell 21, exchanges heat with the tip of the absorber 10 to cool down, and then quickly flows towards the bottom end of the middle shell 21, continuously contacting the side wall of the absorber 10 to cool down. The heated coolant enters the liquid outlet channel 26 through the through hole 27. Since the through hole 27 is elongated and has a large flow area, the flow velocity of the coolant does not change significantly at the through hole 27, and the flow velocities of the coolant on both sides of the through hole 27 are similar. At the same time, since the liquid outlet channel 26 is inclined as a whole towards the axis of the cooling cylinder 20 and is close to the middle shell 21, the equivalent diameter of the liquid outlet channel is smaller, the coolant in the liquid outlet channel is more evenly distributed, the flow resistance is smaller, the pressure drop is also smaller, and the flow velocities of the coolant on the inner and outer sides of the liquid outlet channel 26 do not differ much. The flow velocity of the coolant in the liquid outlet channel 26 is uniform, and the stress and strain of the cooling cylinder 20 are both small and do not exceed the bearing capacity of the material, ensuring the structural stability.
[0041] For the beam collector according to the embodiment of the present invention, the cooling cylinder 20 is generally conical in shape, with simple structure manufacturing. Under the condition of a certain coolant flow velocity, the pressure drop at the inlet and outlet is small, the cooling effect is good, the cooling performance is relatively stable for different beam spot sizes, and the beam spot size that can be tolerated is smaller, that is, it can cope with beam spots with higher energy density. At the same time, the pressure received by the cooling cylinder is small, the temperature difference, stress and strain of the whole structure are very small, and the maximum stress is lower than the allowable stress of the material; the beam collector according to the embodiment of the present invention takes into account both the cooling effect and the structural stability.
[0042] Specifically, the radial width of the liquid inlet channel 25 at the tip of the middle shell 21 is K1, and the radial width at the bottom end of the middle shell 21 is K2, where K1 / K2 = 1 - 1.05. The radial width of the liquid inlet channel 25 has a basic value, defined as X. Its radial width near the liquid inlet 23 and far from the liquid inlet 23 changes based on the above ratio range on the basis of the basic value. For the convenience of description, let K2 = X, and the value range of K1 is X - 1.05X. The above ratio range is to control the radial width of the liquid inlet channel 25 at the tip of the middle shell 21, and its purpose is to control the refrigerating capacity of the coolant in each section of the liquid inlet channel 25.
[0043] In practical applications, according to the actual coolant driving device, the inlet pressure of the coolant needs to be controlled within 0.6 MPa. The flow rate of the coolant at the liquid inlet 23 is not too fast. Since the diameters of the middle layer housing 21 and the absorber 10 gradually increase from the tip to the bottom end, the flow area of the liquid inlet channel 25 also gradually increases, and the flow rate of the coolant will decrease. Therefore, in the liquid inlet channel 25, the temperature of the coolant is the lowest, the flow area is the smallest, and the flow rate is the largest at the liquid inlet 23; the temperature is the highest, the flow area is the largest, and the flow rate is the smallest at the bottom end of the middle layer housing 21. The temperature of the middle front section of the absorber and the absorber 10 is relatively high. It is necessary to ensure the cooling capacity of the coolant in the middle front section to prevent the coolant from quickly rising in temperature and being unable to effectively cool the middle section of the absorber and the absorber 10. That is, the flow rate of the coolant in the middle front section needs to be appropriately increased, the flow rate needs to be large, and the cooling capacity is the highest. The radial width of the liquid inlet channel 25 within the above range ensures that the flow rate of the coolant from the liquid inlet 23 to the middle section of the liquid inlet channel 25 is appropriate and will not quickly rise in temperature. When the coolant reaches the middle section with the highest temperature, it not only still has a large temperature difference, but also has a large flow area and flow rate, has a large cooling capacity, and has a high flow rate to achieve a good cooling effect. If K1 < K2, the radial width of the liquid inlet channel 25 at the liquid inlet 23 is too narrow, the inlet pressure is too high, and the stress on the tip of the outer wall of the absorber 10 is also too high, which is likely to affect the structural stability of the cooling cylinder. If K1 > 1.05K2, the coolant cannot maintain a high flow rate at the liquid inlet 23. The contact time between the coolant and the tip of the absorber and the absorber 10 is relatively long, the temperature rise is large, and the temperature difference when contacting the middle section of the absorber and the absorber 10 is small, resulting in a poor cooling effect.
[0044] Since the diameter of the outer layer housing 22 gradually increases from the tip to the bottom end, the flow area of the liquid outlet channel 26 gradually decreases from the bottom end to the tip. Part of the coolant will be blocked at the position of the liquid outlet channel 26 close to the bottom end of the outer layer housing 22, and the other part of the coolant has a relatively fast flow rate and is prone to turbulence at the position of the liquid outlet channel 26 close to the tip of the outer layer housing 22, causing the cooling cylinder 20 to be subjected to a large stress and affecting the structural stability of the cooling cylinder 20. Therefore, the radial width of the liquid outlet channel 26 gradually decreases from the tip to the bottom end of the outer layer housing 22, enabling the coolant to be smoothly discharged from the liquid outlet channel 26 with a small flow rate difference.
[0045] Specifically, the radial width of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 at the tip of the outer shell 22 is K3, and the radial width at the bottom end of the outer shell 22 is K4, where K3 / K4 = 1.5 - 1.8. Controlling the ratio of the radial widths of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 within the above range aims to control the flow velocity and velocity difference within the liquid outlet flow channel 26. The liquid outlet flow channel 26 has a larger flow-through area at the bottom end of the outer shell 22, which can carry more coolant and play a certain buffering role, resulting in a very small velocity difference on both sides of the through-hole 27. As these coolants flow towards the liquid outlet 24, with the flow-through area gradually shrinking, the coolant near the outer wall of the middle shell 21 has a faster flow velocity, while the coolant near the inner wall of the outer shell 22 has a slower flow velocity, thus forming a velocity difference. If K3 / K4 < 1.5, the flow-through area of the liquid outlet 24 is too small, and the coolant is prone to form turbulence in the area near the liquid outlet 24, hindering the outflow of the coolant from the liquid outlet 24, thereby affecting the flow velocity of the coolant in the liquid inlet flow channel 25 and greatly increasing the stress on the cooling cylinder 20. If K3 / K4 > 1.8, the coolant distribution in the liquid outlet flow channel is uneven, and the velocity difference between the inner and outer layers is too large, resulting in a relatively large pressure on the middle shell, and a large pressure drop at the inlet and outlet. When K3 / K4 = 1.5 - 1.8, the velocity distribution in the liquid outlet flow channel 26 is uniform. Although there is a velocity difference, the velocity difference is not large, and the stress on the middle shell 21 and the outer shell 22 is very small, allowing the coolant to flow out of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 smoothly.
[0046] Since the temperature, temperature gradient, stress field, etc. of the beam collector depend on the power density distribution, the absorber generally selects a smaller cone angle under the condition that the cone diameter should be sufficient to accommodate the entire particle beam to reduce the density of the beam deposition power distribution. The taper of the absorber 10 and the cooling cylinder 20 is similar to that of the absorber to ensure that the coolant can fit the absorber 10 for cooling.
[0047] In some embodiments, the side wall thickness of the absorber 10 is consistent, and the slope is 0.0872. The side wall thickness of the middle shell 21 is consistent, and the slope of the inner side wall is 0.0812 - 0.0872. Corresponding to the radial width of the above-mentioned liquid inlet flow channel 25, that is, when the slope of the inner side wall of the middle shell 21 is 0.0872, K1 / K2 = 1, and the radial width of the liquid inlet flow channel 25 remains consistent. When the slope of the inner side wall of the middle shell 21 is 0.0812, K1 / K2 = 1.05; the effects are as described above and will not be elaborated here.
[0048] In some embodiments, the slope of the inner sidewall of the outer housing 22 is 0.0891 - 0.101. At the same time, the slope of the outer sidewall of the middle housing 21 is 0.0812 - 0.0872. Corresponding to the radial width of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 above, that is, when the slope of the outer sidewall of the middle housing 21 is 0.0872 and the slope of the inner sidewall of the outer housing 22 is 0.101, K3 / K4 of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 = 1.8; when the slope of the outer sidewall of the middle housing 21 is 0.0812 and the slope of the inner sidewall of the outer housing 22 is 0.0891, K3 / K4 of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 = 1.5; within this range, the coolant in the liquid outlet flow channel 26 is evenly distributed. Although there is a flow velocity difference, the flow velocity difference is not large, and the stress and pressure on the middle housing 21 and the outer housing 22 are very small, so that the coolant can smoothly drain from the liquid outlet flow channel 26. Moreover, the slope of the inner sidewall of the outer housing 22 is 0.0891 - 0.101, which applies a force to the coolant towards the axis and guides the coolant near the inner sidewall of the outer housing 22 to quickly flow towards the liquid outlet 24, making the flow velocity difference between the radially inner and outer sides of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 smaller and the flow velocity of the coolant in the liquid outlet flow channel 26 uniform.
[0049] As shown in the attached Figure 2 figure, the liquid outlet flow channel 26 is radially outside the liquid inlet flow channel 25, and its diameter is larger than that of the liquid inlet flow channel 25. In some embodiments, K1 < K3, K2 ≤ K4, that is, the flow area of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 is always larger than that of the liquid inlet flow channel 25, so that the coolant has sufficient flow space when passing through the through hole 27 and entering the liquid outlet flow channel 26, and will not significantly reduce the flow velocity of the coolant, ensuring the flow velocity uniformity in the entire coolant flow path; at the same time, based on the above settings of the liquid outlet flow channel 26, the flow area of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 is within a reasonable range, and there will be no large flow velocity difference between the radially inner and outer sides of the liquid outlet flow channel 26.
[0050] Based on the differences in the radial widths and flow areas of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 and the liquid inlet flow channel 25 in the above embodiments, the ratio of the flow rate of the liquid inlet flow channel 25 to the flow rate of the liquid outlet channel is 0.2 - 0.3, preferably 0.25; thus, the flow velocity of the coolant near the liquid outlet 24 of the liquid outlet flow channel 26 is the minimum flow velocity, but the difference from the flow velocity of the coolant at the liquid inlet 23 is not large, and the flow velocities of the coolant at various parts in the cooling cylinder 20 are relatively uniform, and both the stress and strain are small.
[0051] As shown in the attached Figure 3As shown in the figure, the through holes 27 in this embodiment are keyway-shaped holes, and the number is 2, which are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the absorber 10. The keyway-shaped holes have a large flow area, the coolant velocity difference on the radial two sides thereof is small, the stress of the coolant on the middle shell 21 on the outer periphery of the keyway-shaped holes is small, and the edges of the keyway-shaped holes are round to avoid stress concentration. Of course, in other embodiments, the through holes 27 can also be rectangular holes or round-headed long holes. While ensuring the structural strength of the middle shell 21, the number of the through holes 27 is increased, such as 3 or 4 long strip-shaped through holes 27 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. These through holes 27 have a total flow area S1, and its size affects the flow velocity of the coolant passing through the through holes 27. The cross-section of the liquid inlet flow channel 25 corresponding to the cross-section of the through holes 27 is defined as S2. Specifically, a cross-section is taken perpendicular to the axis of the cooling cylinder 20 with the center of the keyway-shaped hole, and the flow channel area of the liquid inlet flow channel 25 corresponding to this cross-section is S2. S1 / S2 represents the ratio of the coolant passing through the through holes 27 from the cross-section of the liquid inlet flow channel 25 per unit time. By controlling S1 / S2 = 0.1 - 0.2, the coolant velocity difference on both sides of the through holes 27 can be within a reasonable range and no obvious mutation will occur; if S1 / S2 < 0.1, the total flow area of the through holes 27 is too small, the coolant velocity at the through holes 27 is too large, and the generated stress is likely to exceed the material bearing capacity; if S1 / S2 > 0.2, the structural strength of the middle shell 21 at the through holes 27 is insufficient, and even if the coolant velocity is within the set range, it is easily damaged by the impact of the coolant.
[0052] Since through holes 27 are opened in the area of the middle shell 21 close to the bottom end, the through holes 27 are axially spaced from the bottom end of the middle shell 21, that is, there is a solid section 271 from the waist-shaped hole to the bottom end of the middle shell 21. The axial length of the solid section 271 affects the structural strength of the middle shell 21. The axial length of the solid section 271 is H1, and the axial length of the middle shell 21 is H2, and H1 / H2 = 0.05 - 0.07, so as to ensure the structural strength of the area of the middle shell 21 close to the bottom end.
[0053] Based on the above structure, preferably, the middle shell, the outer shell and the absorber in this embodiment are all made of copper, preferably pure copper, so that the middle shell and the outer shell have extremely high thermal conductivity, and the cooling effect is more remarkable. And based on the cooling cylinder structure of this embodiment, the pressure and stress received by the middle shell and the outer shell are both small and will not exceed the material bearing range of pure copper, ensuring the structural stability of the pure copper cooling cylinder, and the beam collector can work normally and stably.
[0054] After mechanical simulation of the beam collector of the embodiment of the present invention, it is found that the maximum stress of the beam collector is near the fixed end. Preferably, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 and in the appendix Figure 3As shown, the axial ends of the middle layer housing, the outer layer housing, and the absorber are respectively flush. On the one hand, it ensures that the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel can completely correspond to the entire absorber. On the other hand, the front end of the outer wall of the absorber is flush with the liquid inlet of the middle layer housing, which can appropriately reduce the area of the liquid inlet. Thus, without increasing the supply flow rate of the coolant, the flow rate and flow volume of the coolant can be ensured, and the requirements for the coolant supply system can be reduced. However, this also brings certain problems, that is, the stress and pressure on the tip of the outer wall of the absorber are relatively large. Therefore, preferably, the thickness of the tip of the absorber 10 is greater than the thickness of the side wall of the absorber 10, and as shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the tip of the absorber 10 is a planar structure, and its thickness can prevent the tip of the absorber 10 from being damaged.
[0055] The axial bottom ends of the middle layer housing and the outer layer housing are sealed and connected by a sealing end to close the ends of the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel. The middle layer housing, the outer layer housing, and the sealing section are of an integral structure, so that the sealing performance of the liquid inlet channel 25 and the liquid outlet channel 26 is very good, the overall structural strength of the cooling cylinder 20 is higher, it can bear the strain force at the fixed end of the absorber, ensure the stable operation of the beam collector, and enable the beam collector with the embodiment of the present invention to be adapted to a smaller beam spot. Further, the thickness of the sealing section 28 is greater than the thicknesses of the middle layer housing 21, the outer layer housing 22, and the side wall of the absorber 10 to increase the strain force that the sealing section 28 can withstand. At the same time, the radially inner end of the sealing end is in sealed connection with the outer wall of the absorber, and the specific connection method can refer to the prior art.
[0056] As shown in the appendix Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention further includes an inlet and outlet assembly 30. The inlet and outlet assembly 30 includes a cover 31, an inlet pipe 32 corresponding to the liquid inlet 23, and an outlet pipe 33 corresponding to the liquid outlet 24. The cover 31 is in sealed connection with both the middle layer housing 21 and the outer layer housing 22. The number of outlet pipes 33 is multiple and they are evenly distributed circumferentially around the inlet pipe 32. The sum of the flow areas of all the outlet pipes 33 is greater than or equal to the flow area of the inlet pipe 32.
[0057] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention belong to the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims
1. A beam collector, characterized in that, Comprising an absorber, a cooling cylinder, including a middle shell located outside the absorber and an outer shell located outside the middle shell. Both the middle shell and the outer shell are conical, with the tips facing the same direction and being open, and the bottoms being closed; a liquid inlet is provided at the tip of the middle shell, and a liquid outlet is provided at the tip of the outer shell; a liquid inlet flow channel communicating with the liquid inlet is formed between the outer wall of the middle shell and the absorber, and a liquid outlet flow channel communicating with the liquid outlet is formed between the middle shell and the outer shell; a long through hole is provided on the side wall of the middle shell near the bottom to connect the liquid inlet flow channel and the liquid outlet flow channel, and the long side of the through hole extends circumferentially along the middle shell; 2. The beam collector according to claim 1, wherein the radial width of the liquid inlet flow channel at the tip of the middle shell is K1, and the radial width at the bottom of the middle shell is K2, K1 / K2 = 1 - 1.05, and / or the radial width of the liquid outlet flow channel gradually decreases from the tip to the bottom of the outer shell. The radial width of the liquid outlet flow channel at the tip of the outer shell is K3, and the radial width at the bottom of the outer shell is K4, K3 / K4 = 1.5 - 1.8; 3. The beam collector according to claim 1, wherein the slope of the inner side wall of the middle shell is 0.0812 - 0.0872; and / or the slope of the inner side wall of the outer shell is 0.0891 - 0.101; 4. The beam collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, the radial width of the liquid inlet flow channel at the tip of the middle shell is K1, the radial width at the bottom of the middle shell is K2, the radial width of the liquid outlet flow channel at the tip of the outer shell is K3, and the radial width at the bottom of the outer shell is K4, K1 < K3, K2 ≤ K4; 5. The beam collector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ratio of the flow rate of the liquid inlet flow channel to the flow rate of the liquid outlet flow channel is 0.2 - 0.3; 6. The beam collector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the through hole includes two symmetrically distributed keyway-shaped holes; 7. The beam collector according to claim 6, wherein the total flow area of the through hole is S1, and the cross-section of the liquid inlet flow channel corresponding to the cross-section of the through hole is S2, S1 / S2 = 0.1 - 0.2; and / or the through hole has a solid section to the bottom of the middle shell, the axial length of the solid section is H1, and the axial length of the middle shell is H2, H1 / H2 = 0.05 - 0.07; 8. The beam collector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the middle shell, the outer shell, and the absorber are all made of copper; 9. The beam collector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the axial ends of the middle shell, the outer shell, and the absorber are respectively flush; the tip thickness of the absorber is greater than the side wall thickness of the absorber; and / or the axial bottom ends of the middle shell and the outer shell are sealed and connected by a sealing end to close the ends of the liquid inlet flow channel and the liquid outlet flow channel. The middle shell, the outer shell, and the sealing end are of an integral structure; 10. The beam collector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It further includes an inlet and outlet assembly, which includes a cover, a liquid inlet pipe corresponding to the liquid inlet, and a liquid outlet pipe corresponding to the liquid outlet; the cover is sealed and connected to both the middle shell and the outer shell, and the number of the liquid outlet pipes is multiple and evenly distributed circumferentially around the liquid inlet pipe.