Beam current collector

Abstract

The utility model relates to a beam collector, which is characterized in that a middle-layer shell is added, a liquid inlet is arranged at the axial head end of the middle-layer shell, and a liquid outlet is also arranged at the axial head end of a shell, so that the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged at the same side of the beam collector, and a cooling liquid pipeline is convenient to arrange; meanwhile, the liquid inlet is directly opposite to the axial tip end of the conical absorption surface of the inner core, the cooling liquid diffuses outwards from the center, preferentially makes contact with the axial tip end of the inner core with the high temperature and is rapidly cooled, and the cooling effect is better; heat of the inner core is transmitted through the spiral rib plates, meanwhile, the contact area of cooling liquid and a high-temperature area is increased, and cooling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of particle accelerators in nuclear energy technology, and particularly relates to a beam collector. Background Art

[0002] The accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy device (AB-BNCT) mainly relies on thermal neutrons or epithermal neutrons to achieve cancer treatment, and is one of the most advanced cancer treatment means in the world at present. The boron neutron capture therapy device mainly includes an ion source, an accelerator, a high-energy beam transport line, a target, and a beam shaper. The ion source generates protons, which are first accelerated by the accelerator and then bombarded on a lithium target or a beryllium target (or absorbed by the beam collector). The neutron beam generated by the fission reaction is regulated in energy and direction by the beam shaper and then irradiated onto the human body, and finally a nuclear reaction is completed in the tumor cells.

[0003] The accelerator uses a copper beam collector with a conical structure to absorb the proton beam. As an important safety protection component, the beam collector includes a housing and a core. The housing and the core are nested and welded to form a spiral cooling pipe. The beam collector uses the conical absorption surface of the core to absorb the proton beam, so that the proton beam is gradually deposited on the inner surface. A large amount of heat generated by the core is absorbed by the coolant in the outer spiral cooling pipe, ensuring the normal operation of the beam collector.

[0004] It can be seen that the cooling pipe plays a crucial role in the normal operation of the beam collector. However, the existing spiral cooling pipe has problems such as complex pipeline design, large inlet pressure, and unsatisfactory cooling effect, and it is necessary to optimize the design of the spiral cooling structure of the beam collector. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects in the prior art, so as to provide a beam collector.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A beam collector includes a housing and a conical core. The interior of the core has a conical absorption surface. There is also a middle shell between the housing and the core. The axial ends of the housing, the core, and the middle shell are sealed and connected. A liquid inlet is provided at the center of the axial head of the middle shell, and the liquid inlet corresponds to the axial tip of the conical absorption surface of the core. A liquid outlet is provided between the axial head of the housing and the middle shell;

[0008] The middle shell and the core are provided with spiral rib plates. The radially inner side of the spiral rib plate is hermetically fixed to the outer side surface of the core, and the radially outer side is hermetically fixed to the inner side surface of the middle shell to form a spiral liquid inlet channel, and the spiral liquid inlet channel is communicated with the liquid inlet;

[0009] A liquid outlet channel is formed between the outer side surface of the middle layer housing and the inner side surface of the outer housing, and the liquid outlet channel is communicated with the liquid outlet port;

[0010] A through hole communicating the spiral liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel is provided on the middle layer housing, and the through hole is located between the spiral rib plate and the axial end of the middle layer housing.

[0011] Preferably, the middle layer housing includes a cylindrical side wall, and the pitches of the spiral rib plates are equal.

[0012] Preferably, the middle layer housing further includes an end cover located at the axial head end of the cylindrical side wall. The liquid inlet port is opened at the center of the end cover. The area of the liquid inlet port is S1, and the area of the end cover is S2, satisfying S1 = 0.1 - 0.2S2.

[0013] Preferably, the outer housing is cylindrical, the liquid outlet channel is annular, and the axial width is consistent.

[0014] Preferably, the axial head end of the spiral rib plate is axially spaced from the axial head end of the middle layer housing to form a liquid inlet space, and the liquid inlet space communicates the liquid inlet port and the spiral liquid inlet channel;

[0015] The axial end of the spiral rib plate is axially spaced from the axial end of the middle layer housing to form a slow flow space, and the slow flow space communicates the through hole and the spiral liquid inlet channel.

[0016] Preferably, the volume of the liquid inlet space is T1, and the volume of the slow flow space is T2, satisfying T2 = 2.5 - 3T1.

[0017] Preferably, the through hole includes two symmetrically distributed keyway-shaped holes, and the long side of the through hole extends along the circumferential direction of the middle layer housing.

[0018] Preferably, and / or, the thicknesses of the spiral rib plates are equal and greater than the thicknesses of the middle layer housing and the outer housing.

[0019] Preferably, for the first one-third section of the inner core in the axial direction, the minimum radial length of the spiral rib plate is D1, and the maximum conical cross-sectional diameter of the inner core is D2, satisfying D1 ≥ 1.4D2.

[0020] Preferably, the axial tip of the inner core is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the liquid inlet port, and the thickness of the axial tip of the inner core is greater than the thickness of the side wall of the inner core; and / or

[0021] The outer shell, the middle-layer housing, the inner core, and the spiral ribbed plate are all made of copper. The spiral ribbed plate and the inner core are of an integral structure. The spiral ribbed plate is fixedly welded to the inner side wall of the middle-layer housing. The axial ends of the outer shell and the middle-layer housing are fixedly welded to the outer extension ring of the inner core.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0023] In the beam collector provided by the above technical solution, a middle-layer housing is added, the liquid inlet is arranged at the axial head end of the middle-layer housing, and at the same time, the liquid outlet is also arranged at the axial head end of the outer shell, so that the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged on the same side of the beam collector, which is convenient for the layout of the coolant pipeline. At the same time, the liquid inlet is directly opposite to the axial tip of the conical absorption surface of the inner core, and the coolant diffuses from the center to the outside, preferentially contacting the axial tip of the inner core with a higher temperature and quickly cooling down, and the cooling effect is better. The spiral ribbed plate is used to transfer the heat of the inner core, and at the same time, the contact area between the coolant and the high-temperature area is increased, improving the cooling efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the beam collector according to the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the beam collector according to the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the beam collector according to the embodiment of the present utility model from another angle.

[0028] Description of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0029] 10. Outer shell; 11. Liquid outlet; 12. Liquid outlet channel;

[0030] 20. Inner core; 21. Axial tip; 22. Outer extension ring;

[0031] 30. Middle-layer housing; 31. End cover; 32. Liquid inlet; 33. Cylindrical side wall; 34. Liquid inlet space; 35. Slow flow space; 36. Through hole;

[0032] 40. Spiral ribbed plate; 41. Spiral liquid inlet channel. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0036] As shown in the attached Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, a beam collector includes a housing 10 and a core 20. The core 20 is a conical structure with a closed tip and an open bottom. It has a conical absorption surface inside for absorbing particles. Its outer wall is cooled through a cooling channel on the outside. Specifically, there is also an intermediate shell 30 between the housing 10 and the core 20. The axial ends of the housing 10, the core 20, and the intermediate shell 30 are sealed and connected. The intermediate shell 30 and the core 20 are provided with spiral rib plates 40. The radially inner side of the spiral rib plates 40 is hermetically fixed to the outer side surface of the core 20, and the radially outer side is hermetically fixed to the inner side surface of the intermediate shell 30 to form a spiral liquid inlet channel 41. A liquid outlet channel 12 is formed between the outer side surface of the intermediate shell 30 and the inner side surface of the housing 10. The intermediate shell 30 is provided with a through hole 36 communicating the spiral liquid inlet channel 41 and the liquid outlet channel 12. The through hole 36 is located between the spiral rib plates 40 and the axial end of the intermediate shell 30. At the same time, in this embodiment, the liquid inlet 32 and the liquid outlet 11 are arranged on the same side of the beam collector, that is, the axial head end, which is convenient for pipeline arrangement. Specifically, a liquid inlet 32 is provided at the center of the axial head end of the intermediate shell 30. The liquid inlet 32 corresponds to the axial tip 21 of the conical absorption surface of the core 20. A liquid outlet 11 is provided between the axial head ends of the housing 10 and the intermediate shell 30. The spiral liquid inlet channel 41 is communicated with the liquid inlet 32, and the liquid outlet channel 12 is communicated with the liquid outlet 11.

[0037] Based on the above structure, the coolant in this embodiment enters from the liquid inlet 32 at the center of the axial head end, preferentially contacts and cools the axial tip 21 of the core 20, so that the coolant exchanges heat with the high-temperature part of the absorber at a large temperature difference when the heat absorption and temperature rise are less, achieving the purpose of enhancing the cooling effect at the high-temperature part. Then it diffuses into the spiral liquid inlet channel 41 and flows spirally along the spiral liquid inlet channel 41, fully contacting and cooling the outer side wall of the core 20 and the spiral rib plates 40. Since the coolant has a large contact area with the spiral rib plates 40, the cooling efficiency is higher. The heated coolant passes through the through hole 36 and then into the liquid outlet channel 12, and finally flows out from the liquid outlet 11. The liquid inlet 32 and the liquid outlet 11 are located on the same side of the beam collector, which is convenient for pipeline arrangement and reduces the installation cost.

[0038] Preferably, as shown in the attached Figure 2 figure, the intermediate shell 30 includes a cylindrical side wall 33 and an end cover 31 located at the axial head end of the cylindrical side wall 33. Based on the cylindrical side wall 33, the radial width of the spiral liquid inlet channel 41 gradually decreases from the axial head end to the axial end, and the flow rate of the coolant gradually increases. The increase in the flow rate of the coolant itself can improve the cooling effect, and at the same time, it can also promote the circulation of the coolant in the spiral liquid inlet channel 41, so that more low-temperature coolant can quickly enter the spiral liquid inlet channel 41, increasing the temperature difference between the coolant and the core 20 and the spiral rib plates 40, and further improving the cooling effect.

[0039] On the other hand, the cooling effect of the spiral liquid inlet channel 41 is related to the contact area. The larger the contact area, the better the cooling effect. However, due to the limitation of the overall volume of the beam collector, the volume of the middle layer housing 30 cannot be too large. Therefore, preferably, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 For the first one-third section of the inner core 20 in the axial direction, which is the heat concentration area on the absorption surface, the minimum radial length of the spiral rib plate 40 is D1, and the maximum conical cross-sectional diameter of the inner core 20 is D2, satisfying D1≥1.4D2, so as to ensure that the spiral rib plate 40 corresponding to this area has a sufficiently large contact cooling area, thereby realizing rapid and effective cooling of the inner core 20.

[0040] As shown in the appendix Figure 1 The liquid inlet 32 is opened at the center of the end cap 31. Preferably, the area of the liquid inlet 32 is S1, and the area of the end cap 31 is S2, satisfying S1 = 0.1 - 0.2S2, so that the area of the liquid inlet 32 is small, the inlet pressure is low, and the stress and strain of the inner core 20, the middle layer housing 30, and the spiral rib plate 40 are all small, not exceeding the material's bearing capacity, ensuring structural stability and performance.

[0041] As shown in the appendix Figure 2 Since the liquid outlet channel 12 is located between the cylindrical side wall 33 of the middle layer housing 30 and the outer housing 10, and the outer housing 10 is cylindrical, the liquid outlet channel 12 is annular and has a uniform axial width. The coolant flows in a straight line in the liquid outlet channel 12, without being squeezed and resisted by the liquid outlet channel 12, with less velocity loss and the shortest flow path, enabling the coolant to be quickly discharged, avoiding accumulation inside the outer housing 10 and affecting the flow velocity of the newly entering coolant, and the overall flow velocity of the coolant in the liquid outlet channel is uniform, with less force on the outer housing 10 and the middle layer housing 30, not exceeding the material's bearing capacity.

[0042] Preferably, in this embodiment, since the area of the liquid inlet 32 is small, if a large amount of coolant directly impacts the spiral rib plate 40, the pressure on the spiral rib plate 40 will be large, affecting the structural stability. Therefore, as shown in the appendix Figure 2As shown, the axial leading end of the spiral rib plate 40 is axially spaced from the axial leading end of the middle shell 30 to form a liquid inlet space 34. The liquid inlet space 34 communicates with the liquid inlet 32 and the spiral liquid inlet channel 41. The coolant will first fill the liquid inlet space 34 and then enter the spiral liquid inlet channel 41, and the impact force on the spiral rib plate 40 is greatly reduced. Preferably, the axial tip 21 of the inner core 20 is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the liquid inlet 32, that is, the axial tip 21 of the inner core 20 is also located in the liquid inlet space 34. After the coolant enters the liquid inlet space 34, it is blocked by the axial tip 21 of the inner core 20, and the flow rate will increase. Thus, a large amount of low-temperature and fast-flowing coolant contacts the axial tip 21 of the inner core 20, which can greatly reduce the temperature of the axial tip 21 of the inner core 20. Based on the prior art, the highest temperature of the conical absorption surface of the inner core 20 is close to the axial tip 21 of the inner core 20. The above setting enables the coolant to have a good cooling effect on the axial tip 21 of the inner core 20 and also significantly improves the overall cooling effect of the conical absorption surface. Since the axial tip 21 of the inner core 20 receives the greatest impact force and pressure from the coolant, the thickness of the axial tip 21 of the inner core 20 is greater than the thickness of the side wall of the inner core 20 to ensure the structural strength and stability of the axial tip 21 of the inner core 20.

[0043] Moreover, since the radial width of the spiral liquid inlet channel 41 gradually decreases from the axial leading end to the axial trailing end, and the pitch of the spiral rib plate 40 is equal, the flow rate of the coolant gradually increases. If the axial trailing end of the spiral rib plate 40 is directly connected to the axial trailing end of the middle shell 30, the flow rate of the coolant flowing to the through hole 36 is relatively high, generating a large stress on the middle shell 30 and the inner core 20 at the through hole 36, which is likely to exceed the material's bearing capacity. Therefore, as shown in the appendix Figure 2 As shown, the axial trailing end of the spiral rib plate 40 is axially spaced from the axial trailing end of the middle shell 30 to form a flow buffer space 35. The flow buffer space 35 communicates with the through hole 36 and the spiral liquid inlet channel 41. The high-speed coolant flows out of the spiral liquid inlet channel 41 and enters the flow buffer space 35 to quickly decelerate, and then passes through the through hole 36, resulting in a smaller impact force on the middle shell 30 and the inner core 20 at the through hole 36, and ensuring that the flow rate difference of the coolant in the entire cooling path is not too large, so as to keep the stress and strain of the entire beam collector within a controllable range.

[0044] Preferably, the volume of the liquid inlet space 34 is T1, which refers to the space between the axial head of the middle layer housing and the axial head of the spiral rib plate minus the space occupied by the axial tip of the inner core. The volume of the flow buffering space 35 is T2, which refers to the space between the axial end of the middle layer housing and the axial end of the spiral rib plate minus the space occupied by the axial end of the inner core. The two satisfy T2 = 2.5 - 3T1, so that the flow rate of the coolant in the flow buffering space 35 is equivalent to or slightly greater than the flow rate of the coolant at the liquid inlet 32; furthermore, as shown in the appendix Figure 3 As shown, the through hole 36 includes two symmetrically distributed keyway-shaped holes. The long side of the through hole 36 extends circumferentially along the middle layer housing 30. The flow rate of the coolant will not change significantly at the through hole 36. The flow rates of the coolant on both sides of the through hole 36 are similar, avoiding the stress generated from exceeding the bearing capacity of the material; and the edges of the keyway-shaped holes are rounded to avoid stress concentration. Of course, in other embodiments, the through hole 36 can also be a rectangular hole or a round-headed long hole. While ensuring the structural strength of the middle layer housing 30, the number of through holes 36 is increased, such as 3 or 4 long strip-shaped through holes 36 evenly distributed circumferentially.

[0045] During the flow of the coolant, the spiral rib plate 40 is subjected to a large impact force. Therefore, the thickness of the spiral rib plate 40 is equal and greater than the thicknesses of the middle layer housing 30 and the outer housing 10 to ensure the structural strength and stability of the spiral rib plate 40.

[0046] The outer housing 10, the middle layer housing 30, the inner core 20, and the spiral rib plate 40 are all made of copper structures, and the overall heat conduction performance is very good, thus ensuring the cooling effect of the coolant; and based on the above structure, the overall stress and strain of the beam collector will not exceed the allowable stress of the copper material, taking into account both the cooling efficiency and the structural stability; the spiral rib plate 40 and the inner core 20 are of an integral structure to ensure good heat transfer form. The spiral rib plate 40 is fixedly welded to the inner side wall of the middle layer housing 30. The axial ends of the outer housing 10 and the middle layer housing 30 are fixedly welded to the outer extension ring 22 of the inner core 20, ensuring the stability of the overall structure.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, the bottom diameter of the axial end of the inner core is 110 mm, the height is 400 mm, the total axial length of the spiral rib plate is 340 mm, the pitch is 20 mm, the spiral rib plate extends from 50 mm away from the axial end of the inner core towards the axial tip, and forms a liquid inlet space and a liquid outlet space with the middle layer housing respectively. The inner diameter of the middle layer housing is 153 mm, the inner diameter of the outer housing is 190 mm, the wall thicknesses of the inner core and the spiral rib plate are both 5 mm, and the wall thicknesses of the middle layer housing and the outer housing are 3 mm.

[0048] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and the scope of protection of the present utility model cannot be limited thereby. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present utility model fall within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A beam collector, comprising a housing and a conical inner core, wherein the inner core has a conical absorption surface inside, and is characterized in that a middle layer housing is further provided between the housing and the inner core, the axial ends of the housing, the inner core and the middle layer housing are hermetically connected, a liquid inlet is provided at the center of the axial head end of the middle layer housing, and the liquid inlet corresponds to the axial tip of the conical absorption surface of the inner core, and a liquid outlet is provided between the axial head ends of the housing and the middle layer housing; the middle layer housing and the inner core are provided with spiral rib plates, the radially inner side of the spiral rib plates is hermetically fixed to the outer side surface of the inner core, and the radially outer side is hermetically fixed to the inner side surface of the middle layer housing to form a spiral liquid inlet channel, and the spiral liquid inlet channel communicates with the liquid inlet; a liquid outlet channel is formed between the outer side surface of the middle layer housing and the inner side surface of the housing, and the liquid outlet channel communicates with the liquid outlet; through holes communicating the spiral liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel are provided on the middle layer housing, and the through holes are located between the spiral rib plates and the axial end of the middle layer housing.

2. The beam dump according to claim 1, wherein: The middle layer housing includes a cylindrical side wall and an end cover located at the axial head end of the cylindrical side wall, and the pitches of the spiral rib plates are equal.

3. The beam collector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid inlet is opened at the center of the end cover, the area of the liquid inlet is S1, and the area of the end cover is S2, and it satisfies that S1 = 0.1 - 0.2S2.

4. The beam dump according to claim 2, wherein: The housing is cylindrical, the liquid outlet channel is annular, and the axial width is consistent.

5. The beam collector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial head end of the spiral rib plate is axially spaced from the axial head end of the middle layer housing to form a liquid inlet space, and the liquid inlet space communicates the liquid inlet and the spiral liquid inlet channel; The axial end of the spiral rib plate is axially spaced from the axial end of the middle layer housing to form a slow flow space, and the slow flow space communicates the through hole and the spiral liquid inlet channel.

6. The beam collector according to claim 5, characterized in that, The volume of the liquid inlet space is T1, and the volume of the slow flow space is T2, and it satisfies that T2 = 2.5 - 3T1.

7. The beam collector according to claim 1 or 5 or 6, characterized in that, The through hole includes two symmetrically distributed keyway-shaped holes, and the long side of the through hole extends along the circumferential direction of the middle layer housing.

8. The beam dump according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The thicknesses of the spiral rib plates are equal and greater than the thicknesses of the middle layer housing and the housing.

9. The beam collector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that For the first one-third section of the inner core in the axial direction, the minimum radial length of the spiral rib plate is D1, and the maximum conical cross-sectional diameter of the inner core is D2, and it satisfies that D1 ≥ 1.4D2.

10. The beam collector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The axial tip of the inner core is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the liquid inlet, and the thickness of the axial tip of the inner core is greater than the thickness of the side wall of the inner core; and / or The housing, the middle layer housing, the inner core and the spiral rib plates are all made of copper structures, the spiral rib plates and the inner core are of an integral structure, the spiral rib plates and the inner side wall of the middle layer housing are welded and fixed, and the axial ends of the housing and the middle layer housing are welded and fixed to the outer extension ring of the inner core.

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