Shell-and-tube reactor tube nest sealing structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a shell-and-tube reactor tube nest sealing structure, and relates to the technical field of reaction devices. The reactor comprises a shell, two partition plates, a plurality of reaction tubes and a plurality of plugging assemblies, the two partition plates are arranged in the shell at intervals and divide the interior of the shell into a feeding cavity, a reaction cavity and a discharging cavity, and the reaction cavity is located between the feeding cavity and the discharging cavity; the reaction tubes are arranged in the reaction cavity in parallel at intervals, a port in one end of each reaction tube is communicated with the feeding cavity, a port in the other end of each reaction tube is communicated with the discharging cavity, and each reaction tube is filled with a catalyst; the plugging assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence with the ports of the reaction tubes, one plugging assembly is plugged at the port of each reaction tube, a material penetrating hole is formed in each plugging assembly, the hole opening of each material penetrating hole can abut against a catalyst and limit the catalyst from leaving the interior of the corresponding reaction tube, and a material can penetrate through the material penetrating holes and enter or leave the interior of the corresponding reaction tube. The device has the effect of being low in maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reaction devices, and in particular to a tube-in-tube sealing structure for a shell-and-tube reactor. Background Art

[0002] Shell and tube reactor is a device used for reaction materials.

[0003] Existing shell and tube reactors generally include an outer shell, multiple reaction tubes, a pair of sealing plates and a pair of wedge-shaped isolation nets. The pair of sealing plates are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the outer shell and divide the interior of the outer shell into a reaction chamber, an installation chamber and a reaction chamber. All reaction tubes are arranged in the middle installation chamber at intervals, and the two ends of each reaction tube are respectively connected to the two reaction chambers at both ends of the outer shell, so that the two reaction chambers can be connected through these reaction tubes. The tube body of each reaction tube is filled with catalyst. A pair of wedge-shaped isolation nets are respectively arranged in the two reaction chambers and can seal the two pipe openings of all reaction tubes, so that the gas or liquid material to be reacted in one reaction chamber can pass through a wedge-shaped isolation net, a reaction tube and another wedge-shaped isolation net in sequence to enter another reaction chamber, and the catalyst in the reaction tube will be blocked by the wedge-shaped isolation net and remain in the reaction tube.

[0004] However, since the wedge-shaped isolation net needs to withstand the impact of all catalysts in the reaction tubes at the same time, it is easy to be damaged after long-term use, and then the user has no choice but to scrap and replace the entire wedge-shaped isolation net, which makes the maintenance cost of the shell and tube reactor very high.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a tube-shell sealing structure for a shell and tube reactor. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the problem that the entire wedge-shaped isolation net of the existing shell and tube reactor needs to be scrapped and replaced, resulting in high maintenance costs, the present application provides a shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure.

[0007] The present application provides a shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure, which adopts the following technical solution: comprising a shell, two partition plates, a plurality of reaction tubes and a plurality of plugging assemblies, wherein the two partition plates are arranged in the shell at intervals and divide the interior of the shell into a feed chamber, a reaction chamber and a discharge chamber, wherein the reaction chamber is located between the feed chamber and the discharge chamber;

[0008] The reaction tubes are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the reaction chamber, and one end port of each reaction tube is connected to the feed chamber, and the other end port of each reaction tube is connected to the discharge chamber, and the interior of each reaction tube is filled with a catalyst;

[0009] The blocking components correspond one-to-one to the ports of the reaction tubes, and each port of the reaction tube is blocked by a blocking component. A material penetration hole is formed on each blocking component. The orifice of the material penetration hole can abut against the catalyst and restrict the catalyst from leaving the interior of the reaction tube, and the material can pass through the material penetration hole and enter or leave the interior of the reaction tube.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing assembly can seal each reaction tube individually, which can not only prevent the catalyst in the reaction tube from leaking from the end of the reaction tube, but also allow the user to replace the sealing assembly at the end of a certain reaction tube individually when it is damaged, without the need to scrap and replace the entire wedge-shaped isolation net, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure.

[0011] Specifically, the blocking assembly includes a connecting sleeve and a wedge-shaped mesh plate. The connecting sleeve is arranged at the port of the reaction tube, and the wedge-shaped mesh plate is arranged inside the connecting sleeve, and the mesh of the wedge-shaped mesh plate is formed as the material-permeable hole.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the material to be reacted in the feed chamber can pass through the mesh of the connecting sleeve and the wedge-shaped mesh plate into the reaction tube, and the material after the reaction in the reaction tube can also pass through the mesh of the connecting sleeve and the wedge-shaped mesh plate into the discharge chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the sealing assembly also includes a sealing ring, a large diameter section and a small diameter section are formed on the sleeve body of the connecting sleeve, the small diameter section is inserted into the interior of the reaction tube, and the sealing ring is arranged between the large diameter section and the end of the reaction tube.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing ring can seal the gap between the sleeve body of the connecting sleeve and the end of the reaction tube, so that the catalyst in the reaction tube is not easily leaked out of the reaction tube from the gap between the sleeve body of the connecting sleeve and the end of the reaction tube.

[0015] Furthermore, the small diameter section is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction tube.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting sleeve can be connected to the reaction tube by being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction tube via the small-diameter section.

[0017] Furthermore, a step surface is formed between the large diameter section and the small diameter section, an annular protrusion is formed on the step surface, an internal thread is provided on the inner ring of the annular protrusion, an external thread matching the internal thread is provided on the tube body at the end of the reaction tube, and the end of the reaction tube can be inserted between the annular protrusion and the small diameter section and screwed to the annular protrusion.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting sleeve can be detachably connected to the reaction tube by screwing the internal thread of the annular protrusion with the external thread of the reaction tube.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a detection component, which includes an observation mirror. The observation mirror is arranged inside the connecting sleeve and connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve. The wedge-shaped mesh plate is located between the reaction tube and the observation mirror.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the user can observe the distribution of the catalyst inside the reaction tube through the mesh holes of the wedge-shaped mesh plate through an observation mirror, so as to take timely measures when the catalyst distribution in the reaction tube is uneven.

[0021] Furthermore, the detection assembly also includes an elastic member, which is arranged between the wedge-shaped net and the observation mirror and can apply a force to the wedge-shaped net to approach the reaction tube.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the user can determine whether there are reaction tubes with unqualified sealing conditions by first pressurizing the discharge chamber and then observing the distance between the wedge mesh and the observation mirror in the connecting sleeve at the top of each reaction tube, thereby realizing rapid leak detection of multiple reaction tubes.

[0023] Specifically, a manhole leading to the interior of the shell is opened on the shell, and the manhole is detachably blocked with a cover plate.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the user can enter and exit the manhole by opening the cover, and then maintain and repair the equipment inside the shell.

[0025] In summary, this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] The invention comprises a shell, two partition plates, a plurality of reaction tubes and a plurality of plugging assemblies, wherein the two partition plates are arranged at intervals in the shell and divide the interior of the shell into a feed chamber, a reaction chamber and a discharge chamber, and the reaction chamber is located between the feed chamber and the discharge chamber; the reaction tubes are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the reaction chamber, and one end port of each reaction tube is connected to the feed chamber, and the other end port of each reaction tube is connected to the discharge chamber, and the interior of each reaction tube is filled with a catalyst; the plugging assemblies correspond to the ports of the reaction tubes one by one, and a plugging assembly is plugged at the port of each reaction tube, and each plugging assembly has A material-penetrating hole is formed, the orifice of which can abut against the catalyst and restrict the catalyst from leaving the interior of the reaction tube, and the material can pass through the material-penetrating hole and enter or leave the interior of the reaction tube, so that each reaction tube can be individually sealed by a sealing component, which can not only prevent the catalyst in the reaction tube from leaking from the end of the reaction tube, but also enable the user to individually replace the sealing component at the end of a reaction tube when it is damaged, without scrapping and replacing the entire wedge-shaped isolation net, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the tube-in-tube reactor tube sealing structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 It is along Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the middle shell taken along the middle axis in the vertical direction;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic enlarged view of area A, showing the plugging assembly;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the present application taken along the central axis of the shell in the vertical direction, wherein only the feed chamber and part of the reaction chamber are shown;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic enlarged view of area B, showing the detection assembly;

[0032] Figure 6 It is along Figure 4 Schematic cross-sectional view taken along CC direction.

[0033] Figure numerals: 1. Shell; 11. Feed chamber; 111. Feed port; 12. Discharge chamber; 121. Discharge port; 13. Manhole; 2. Partition plate; 3. Reaction tube; 4. Sealing assembly; 41. Connecting sleeve; 411. Annular protrusion; 42. Wedge-shaped mesh plate; 421. Feed hole; 43. Sealing ring; 5. Catalyst; 6. Detection assembly; 61. Observation mirror; 611. Connecting strip; 62. Elastic part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the first embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 It is along Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the middle shell taken along the middle axis in the vertical direction. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a first embodiment, the present application provides a shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure comprising: a shell 1, two partition plates 2, a plurality of reaction tubes 3, and a plurality of plugging assemblies 4. The two partition plates 2 are spaced apart in the shell 1 and divide the interior of the shell 1 into a feed chamber 11, a reaction chamber, and a discharge chamber 12 from top to bottom. A discharge port 121 is provided on the bottom wall of the discharge chamber 12, and two feed ports 111 are provided on the inner wall of the feed chamber 11. A user can respectively inject two different gaseous materials or liquid materials to be reacted into the feed chamber 11 through the two feed ports 111; a manhole 13 is provided at the top of the feed chamber 11, and a cover plate for sealing the manhole 13 is detachably connected to the manhole 13 by bolts, so that a user can enter and exit the manhole 13 by opening the cover plate, and then perform maintenance and repair on the equipment inside the shell 1.

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic enlargement of area A in FIG, showing the plugging assembly. Figure 2 and Figure 3, all reaction tubes 3 are arranged in parallel and spaced in the reaction chamber along the vertical direction, and one end port of each reaction tube 3 is connected to the feed chamber 11, and the other end port of each reaction tube 3 is connected to the discharge chamber 12, and the interior of each reaction tube 3 is filled with a catalyst 5, which can be a spherical solid catalyst 5; the blocking component 4 includes a connecting sleeve 41, a wedge-shaped mesh plate 42 and a sealing ring 43, the connecting sleeve 41 is provided at the port of the reaction tube 3, a large diameter section and a small diameter section are formed on the sleeve of the connecting sleeve 41, the small diameter section is inserted into the interior of the reaction tube 3 and welded to the inner wall of the reaction tube 3, the sealing ring 43 is provided between the large diameter section and the end of the reaction tube 3 and can seal the gap between the sleeve body of the connecting sleeve 41 and the end of the reaction tube 3, so that the catalyst in the reaction tube 3 The chemical agent 5 is not easy to leak out of the reaction tube 3 from the gap between the sleeve body of the connecting sleeve 41 and the end of the reaction tube 3; the interior of the connecting sleeve 41 is formed with a wide diameter section and a narrow diameter section, and a wedge-shaped mesh plate 42 is arranged inside the connecting sleeve 41, and the side of the wedge-shaped mesh plate 42 close to the reaction tube 3 is welded to the step surface between the wide diameter section and the narrow diameter section, and a plurality of meshes are formed on the wedge-shaped mesh plate 42, which are formed as feed holes 421. The size of the feed holes 421 is smaller than the size of the spherical catalyst 5, so that the mesh mouth can abut against the catalyst 5 and restrict the catalyst 5 from leaving the interior of the reaction tube 3; and the size of the feed holes 421 is larger than the material to be reacted and the material obtained by the reaction, so that the material can pass through the feed holes 421 and enter or leave the interior of the reaction tube 3.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the present application taken along the central axis of the shell in the vertical direction, in which only the feed chamber and part of the reaction chamber are shown. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic enlargement of area B in FIG, showing the detection components. Figure 4 and Figure 5 In a second embodiment, a shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure further includes a detection assembly 6, which includes an observation mirror 61 and an elastic member 62. The observation mirror 61 is provided at a sleeve opening on a side of the connecting sleeve 41 away from the reaction tube 3. Both sides of the observation mirror 61 are connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 41 through connecting strips 611. The observation mirror 61 can be a magnifying glass, so that the user can observe the distribution of the catalyst 5 inside the reaction tube 3 through the mesh of the wedge-shaped mesh plate 42 through the observation mirror 61, and then promptly discover abnormalities when the catalyst 5 in the reaction tube 3 is unevenly distributed or the quantity is unqualified, and take corresponding measures such as shaking or adding catalyst 5.

[0037] Figure 6 It is along Figure 4 Schematic cross-sectional view taken along CC direction. Figure 5 and Figure 6In the connecting sleeve 41 located at the top of the reaction tube 3, the wedge mesh is slidably disposed within the connecting sleeve 41. The elastic member 62 is a compression spring, which is disposed between the wedge mesh and the connecting strip 611 and can apply a force to the wedge mesh to move closer to the reaction tube 3. With this arrangement, when it is necessary to test the sealing properties of all the reaction tubes 3, the user can first pressurize and send gas into the discharge chamber 12 through the discharge port. This gas will pass upward through the reaction tubes 3 and push the wedge mesh at the top of the reaction tube 3 upward. When a leak occurs in the tube body or end of a reaction tube 3, the air pressure in this reaction tube 3 will be lower than that in other reaction tubes 3 with good sealing properties. This will increase the distance between the wedge mesh above this reaction tube 3 and the connecting strip 611. Therefore, the user can determine whether there are any reaction tubes 3 with unsatisfactory sealing properties by observing the distance between the wedge mesh in the connecting sleeve 41 and the observation mirror 61 at the top of each reaction tube 3, thereby enabling rapid leak detection of multiple reaction tubes 3.

[0038] It should be noted that when the wedge mesh is not subject to external force and the distance between it and the connecting bar 611 is within the focal length of the observation mirror 61, the user can also judge whether there are reaction tubes 3 with unqualified sealing conditions by observing the size of the mesh of the wedge mesh shown in the observation mirror 61, thereby enabling faster leak detection of multiple reaction tubes 3.

[0039] The working principle of the tube-in-tube sealing structure of a shell and tube reactor of the present application during use is as follows:

[0040] The connecting sleeve 41 can seal the end of each reaction tube 3 individually, which can not only prevent the catalyst 5 in the reaction tube 3 from leaking from the end of the reaction tube 3, but also allow the user to replace the connecting sleeve 41 individually when the sealing component 4 at the end of a certain reaction tube 3 is damaged, without having to scrap and replace the entire wedge-shaped isolation net, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the tube-shell reactor tube sealing structure; the user can observe the distribution of the catalyst 5 inside the reaction tube 3 through the mesh of the wedge-shaped mesh plate 42 through the observation mirror 61, and then promptly discover abnormalities when the catalyst 5 in the reaction tube 3 is unevenly distributed or the quantity is unqualified, and take corresponding measures such as shaking and adding catalyst 5; the user can also judge whether there is a reaction tube 3 with an unqualified sealing state by first pressurizing the discharge chamber 12 and then observing the distance between the wedge mesh and the observation mirror 61 in the connecting sleeve 41 at the top of each reaction tube 3, so as to achieve rapid leak detection of multiple reaction tubes 3.

[0041] It should be noted that the above are all preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A tube-shell sealing structure for a shell and tube reactor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell (1), two partition plates (2), a plurality of reaction tubes (3) and a plurality of plugging assemblies (4), wherein the two partition plates (2) are arranged at intervals in the shell (1) and divide the interior of the shell (1) into a feed chamber (11), a reaction chamber and a discharge chamber (12), and the reaction chamber is located between the feed chamber (11) and the discharge chamber (12); The reaction tubes (3) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the reaction chamber, and one end port of each reaction tube (3) is communicated with the feed chamber (11), and the other end port of each reaction tube (3) is communicated with the discharge chamber (12), and the interior of each reaction tube (3) is filled with a catalyst (5); The blocking components (4) correspond to the ports of the reaction tubes (3) one by one, and each port of the reaction tube (3) is blocked by one blocking component (4). A material penetration hole (421) is formed on each blocking component (4), and the orifice of the material penetration hole (421) can abut against the catalyst (5) and restrict the catalyst (5) from leaving the interior of the reaction tube (3), and the material can pass through the material penetration hole (421) and enter or leave the interior of the reaction tube (3).

2. The shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plugging assembly (4) comprises a connecting sleeve (41) and a wedge-shaped mesh plate (42), wherein the connecting sleeve (41) is arranged at the port of the reaction tube (3), and the wedge-shaped mesh plate (42) is arranged inside the connecting sleeve (41), and the mesh of the wedge-shaped mesh plate (42) is formed as the material penetration hole (421).

3. The shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plugging assembly (4) further comprises a sealing ring (43); a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section are formed on the sleeve of the connecting sleeve (41); the small-diameter section is inserted into the interior of the reaction tube (3); and the sealing ring (43) is arranged between the large-diameter section and the end of the reaction tube (3).

4. The shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The small diameter section is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction tube (3).

5. The shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A step surface is formed between the large diameter section and the small diameter section, an annular protrusion (411) is formed on the step surface, an inner ring of the annular protrusion (411) is provided with an internal thread, an outer thread matching the internal thread is provided on the tube body at the end of the reaction tube (3), and the end of the reaction tube (3) can be inserted between the annular protrusion (411) and the small diameter section and screwed to the annular protrusion (411).

6. The shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also includes a detection component (6), wherein the detection component (6) includes an observation mirror (61), the observation mirror (61) is arranged inside the connecting sleeve (41) and connected to the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (41), and the wedge-shaped mesh plate (42) is located between the reaction tube (3) and the observation mirror (61).

7. The shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection assembly (6) further comprises an elastic member (62), wherein the elastic member (62) is arranged between the wedge-shaped net and the observation mirror (61) and is capable of applying a force to the wedge-shaped net to move it closer to the reaction tube (3).

8. The shell and tube reactor tube sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) is provided with a manhole (13) leading to the interior of the shell (1), and the manhole (13) is detachably blocked with a cover plate.

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