Efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system of garbage incinerator

Abstract

The efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system of the garbage incinerator comprises a hearth (1), a fire grate (2) which extends downwards in a step shape is arranged at the bottom of the hearth (1), a plurality of ignition combustors (31) are arranged on the side wall of the hearth (1) in the distribution direction of the fire grate (2), and a plurality of combustion-supporting combustors (32) are arranged on the front wall (11) of the hearth (1). A plurality of first auxiliary air pipes (41) with the air outlet direction facing the fire grate (2) are arranged on a rear wall (12) of the hearth (1), a plurality of guide plates (42) which are staggered up and down are arranged in the hearth (1) in the circumferential direction, and second auxiliary air pipes (43) which are attached to the inner wall of the hearth (1) and have the air outlet direction facing the guide plates (42) are arranged below the guide plates (42). And a plurality of third auxiliary air pipes (44) which are staggered up and down are arranged above the guide plate (42) in the circumferential direction. The garbage drying device has the characteristics of quickly drying garbage and improving the combustion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a garbage incinerator structure, in particular to a high-efficiency and stable auxiliary combustion system of the garbage incinerator. Background Art

[0002] A waste incinerator is a device specifically designed to process municipal solid waste. It converts waste into ash, flue gas, and heat through high-temperature combustion. In the incinerator, waste typically undergoes drying, combustion, and burnout stages, ultimately transforming into smaller residues. The core components of an incinerator include grates, burners, and flue gas purification systems. The grate is used to support and move the waste, ensuring even combustion within the furnace. The burner provides the necessary heat and oxygen to maintain the combustion process. The flue gas purification system treats the flue gas produced by combustion, removing harmful substances such as dioxins, heavy metals, and acid gases to meet environmental emission standards.

[0003] When existing garbage incinerators burn garbage, due to the large number of types of urban garbage, many garbage contain a certain amount of moisture. When these garbage are concentrated together for combustion, the garbage piles up on each other, and the moisture is contained in it, which is difficult to discharge and dry quickly, resulting in a long combustion time and high fuel consumption. The garbage is prone to incomplete combustion, resulting in a large amount of smoke and dust being discharged, which puts a heavy burden on the flue gas purification system and has a greater impact on the environment. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a highly efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system for a garbage incinerator. The utility model has the characteristics of rapidly drying garbage and improving combustion efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows: a highly efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system of a waste incinerator comprises a furnace, a grate extending downward in a stepped manner is provided at the bottom of the furnace, a plurality of ignition burners are provided on the side walls of the furnace along the distribution direction of the grate, a plurality of combustion-supporting burners are provided on the front wall of the furnace, a plurality of first auxiliary air ducts with air outlet directions toward the grate are provided on the rear wall of the furnace, a plurality of guide plates staggered up and down are provided inside the furnace along the circumferential direction, a second auxiliary air duct arranged close to the inner wall of the furnace and with air outlet directions toward the guide plates is provided below the guide plates, and a plurality of third auxiliary air ducts staggered up and down are provided above the guide plates along the circumferential direction.

[0006] In the aforementioned efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system of a waste incinerator, the guide plate is inclined downward, and the bottom and sides of the guide plate are provided with high-temperature heat-reflective coatings.

[0007] In the aforementioned efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system of a waste incinerator, a plurality of third auxiliary air ducts are distributed along four tangential directions of concentric circles, and the air outlet of the third auxiliary air ducts forms a circulating flow field in the furnace.

[0008] In the aforementioned efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system of a waste incinerator, the front wall of the furnace includes a backward inclined portion and a first vertical portion, and the backward inclined portion forms an angle of 10 to 20 degrees with the horizontal plane; the rear wall of the furnace includes a forward inclined portion and a second vertical portion, and the forward inclined portion forms an angle of 40 to 50 degrees with the horizontal plane.

[0009] In the aforementioned efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system of a waste incinerator, the combustion-supporting burners are respectively arranged on the rearward inclined portion and the first vertical portion.

[0010] In the aforementioned efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system of a waste incinerator, an angle adjuster is provided on the air outlet of the first auxiliary air duct.

[0011] In the aforementioned efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system of a waste incinerator, the angle adjuster includes an air guide cover mounted on the air outlet of the first auxiliary air duct, the air guide cover is provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating gear, the rotating gear is engaged with a driving gear, and the driving gear is driven by a stepper motor.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] The utility model features a stepped grate structure, creating a large vertical drop. The impact of the drop increases the crushing and agitation of the waste layer, rapidly releasing moisture from the waste layer, thereby increasing the drying speed and combustion efficiency of the waste layer. The first auxiliary air duct not only provides fuel for the ignition burner but also assists in agitating the waste layer on the grate, thereby improving its combustion efficiency.

[0014] The staggered guide plates within the furnace enhance flue gas flow disturbance, prolonging the time the flue gas remains within the furnace, improving the combustion efficiency of combustibles in the flue gas, and reducing harmful emissions. A second auxiliary air duct removes dust from the dead angle between the lower end of the guide plates and the furnace wall, reducing coking in the furnace. A third auxiliary air duct improves airflow distribution within the furnace, enhancing oxygen supply to the combustion zone and promoting complete combustion of the fuel. This regulates combustion conditions and temperature throughout the furnace, ensuring uniform and efficient combustion, improving combustion quality, shortening the time it takes for waste to fully burn, and increasing the incinerator's processing capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the guide plate.

[0017] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the third auxiliary air duct.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the angle adjuster.

[0019] The marks in the accompanying drawings are: 1. furnace; 11. front wall; 111. backward inclined portion; 112. first vertical portion; 12. rear wall; 121. forward inclined portion; 122. second vertical portion; 2. grate; 21. feed port; 22. slag discharge port; 31. ignition burner; 32. combustion-supporting burner; 41. first auxiliary air duct; 42. guide plate; 421. high-temperature heat-reflective coating; 43. second auxiliary air duct; 44. third auxiliary air duct; 51. air guide hood; 52. rotating shaft; 53. rotating gear; 54. driving gear; 55. stepping motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0022] Example:

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a high-efficiency and stable auxiliary combustion system of a waste incinerator includes a furnace 1, the bottom of the furnace 1 is provided with a grate 2 extending downward in a stepped manner, the front end of the grate 2 is provided with a feed port 21, the tail end of the grate 2 is provided with a slag discharge port 22, the side wall of the furnace 1 is provided with a plurality of ignition burners 31 along the distribution direction of the grate 2, the front wall 11 of the furnace 1 is provided with a plurality of combustion-supporting burners 32, the rear wall 12 of the furnace 1 is provided with a plurality of first auxiliary air ducts 41 with air outlet directions toward the grate 2, the interior of the furnace 1 is provided with a plurality of guide plates 42 staggered up and down along the circumferential direction, the bottom of the guide plate 42 is provided with a second auxiliary air duct 43 arranged close to the inner wall of the furnace 1 and with air outlet direction toward the guide plate 42, and the top of the guide plate 42 is provided with a plurality of third auxiliary air ducts 44 staggered up and down along the circumferential direction.

[0024] The grate 2 is designed in a stepped structure, creating a large vertical drop. The impact of the drop increases the crushing and agitation of the waste layer, rapidly releasing moisture from the waste layer, thereby increasing the drying speed and combustion efficiency of the waste layer. The first auxiliary air duct 41 not only provides fuel for the ignition burner 31 but also assists in agitating the waste layer on the grate 2, thereby improving its combustion efficiency.

[0025] The staggered guide plates 42 provided in the furnace 1 obstruct the flow path of the flue gas, causing the flue gas to flow upward in a curved shape, thereby enhancing the flow disturbance of the flue gas in the furnace 1, prolonging the time the flue gas stays in the furnace 1, improving the combustion efficiency of the combustibles in the flue gas, and reducing the emission of harmful substances;

[0026] The second auxiliary air duct 43 is arranged close to the inner wall of the furnace 1, and the inner wall of the furnace 1 is heated by the airflow in the second auxiliary air duct 43, so that the second auxiliary air duct 43 blows out a hot air flow, and the second auxiliary air duct 43 is directed toward the guide plate 42, which can clean the smoke and dust attached to the dead corner between the lower end of the guide plate 42 and the furnace wall, thereby reducing the coking of the furnace 1.

[0027] The third auxiliary air duct 44 is provided to improve the air flow distribution in the furnace, enhance the oxygen supply in the combustion zone, and promote the complete combustion of the fuel, thereby adjusting the combustion conditions and temperature in the entire furnace 1, ensuring the uniformity and efficiency of combustion, improving the combustion quality, and shortening the time for full combustion of garbage.

[0028] The guide plate 42 is tilted downward, and the bottom and sides of the guide plate 42 are provided with a high-temperature heat-reflecting coating 421. The high-temperature heat-reflecting coating 421 provided on the guide plate 42 can intercept a portion of the radiant heat and reflect it downward into the furnace 1, thereby increasing the temperature level in the furnace 1 and allowing the incoming waste to more stably achieve autonomous ignition, combustion, and burnout.

[0029] The third auxiliary air ducts 44 are distributed along four tangential directions of the concentric circles, and the air discharged from the third auxiliary air ducts 44 forms a circulating flow field within the furnace 1. The distribution structure of the air discharge directions of the third auxiliary air ducts 44 can effectively confine the high-temperature flue gas to the middle of the flue, preventing the walls and walls from overheating and effectively preventing overheating.

[0030] The front wall 11 of the furnace 1 includes a rearward-inclined portion 111 and a first vertical portion 112, with the rearward-inclined portion 111 forming an angle of 10 to 20 degrees with the horizontal plane. The rear wall 12 of the furnace 1 includes a forward-inclined portion 121 and a second vertical portion 122, with the forward-inclined portion 121 forming an angle of 40 to 50 degrees with the horizontal plane. The angular distribution of the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 of the furnace 1 creates multi-angle heat radiation from the inner surface of the furnace 1, which can better radiate heat to the waste in the furnace 1, accelerate drying speed, promote waste combustion, shorten waste combustion time, and reduce the unburned ash rate at the furnace bottom.

[0031] The combustion-supporting burners 32 are respectively arranged on the backward inclined portion 111 and the first vertical portion 112. Several combustion-supporting burners 32 at different positions can improve the temperature and combustion conditions at different positions in the furnace 1, and improve the combustion efficiency and combustion stability as much as possible.

[0032] An angle adjuster is provided on the air outlet of the first auxiliary air duct 41. The angle adjuster can be used to adjust the air outlet direction of the first auxiliary air duct 41 so that the air outlet corresponds to different positions, thereby facilitating flexible use.

[0033] The angle adjuster includes an air shroud 51 mounted on the outlet of the first auxiliary air duct 41. The air shroud 51 is rotatably connected to the first auxiliary air duct 41 and is provided with a rotating shaft 52 coaxially disposed with the outlet. A rotating gear 53 is mounted on the rotating shaft 52. A driving gear 54 is engaged with the rotating gear 53, which is driven by a stepper motor 55. The air shroud 51 is cylindrical, with one side closed and the other open. The stepper motor 55 drives the driving gear 54, which in turn rotates the air shroud 51 to adjust the opening position of the air shroud 51 and, in turn, the air outlet direction of the first auxiliary air duct 41. This allows the first auxiliary air duct 41 to rotate back and forth, thereby enhancing the agitation of the waste layer and accelerating its drying.

[0034] The parts not described in detail in this utility model are prior art and thus will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. An efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system for a waste incinerator, characterized by: The invention comprises a furnace (1), wherein the bottom of the furnace (1) is provided with a grate (2) extending downward in a stepped manner, the side wall of the furnace (1) is provided with a plurality of ignition burners (31) along the distribution direction of the grate (2), the front wall (11) of the furnace (1) is provided with a plurality of combustion-supporting burners (32), the rear wall (12) of the furnace (1) is provided with a plurality of first auxiliary air ducts (41) with air outlet directions toward the grate (2), the interior of the furnace (1) is provided with a plurality of guide plates (42) staggered up and down along the circumferential direction, the guide plates (42) are provided with a second auxiliary air duct (43) arranged close to the inner wall of the furnace (1) and with air outlet directions toward the guide plates (42), and the guide plates (42) are provided with a plurality of third auxiliary air ducts (44) staggered up and down along the circumferential direction.

2. The efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system for a waste incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The guide plate (42) is tilted downward, and the bottom and side of the guide plate (42) are both provided with high-temperature heat-reflective paint (421).

3. The efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system for a waste incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of third auxiliary air ducts (44) are distributed along four tangential directions of the concentric circles, and the air discharged from the third auxiliary air ducts (44) forms a circulating flow field in the furnace (1).

4. The efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system for a waste incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The front wall (11) of the furnace (1) comprises a rearward-inclined portion (111) and a first vertical portion (112), wherein the rearward-inclined portion (111) forms an angle of 10 to 20 degrees with the horizontal plane; the rear wall (12) of the furnace (1) comprises a forward-inclined portion (121) and a second vertical portion (122), wherein the forward-inclined portion (121) forms an angle of 40 to 50 degrees with the horizontal plane.

5. The efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system for a waste incinerator according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The auxiliary combustion burner (32) is respectively arranged on the rearward inclined portion (111) and the first vertical portion (112).

6. The efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system for a waste incinerator according to claim 1 is characterized by: An angle adjuster is provided on the air outlet of the first auxiliary air duct (41).

7. The efficient and stable auxiliary combustion system for a waste incinerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle adjuster comprises an air guide cover (51) sleeved on the air outlet of the first auxiliary air duct (41); a rotating shaft (52) is provided on the air guide cover (51); a rotating gear (53) is provided on the rotating shaft (52); a driving gear (54) is engaged with the rotating gear (53); and the driving gear (54) is driven by a stepping motor (55).

Images