Clamping device and test equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of composite material compression tests, and discloses a clamping device and test equipment. The clamping device comprises an upper clamping assembly and a lower clamping assembly, the upper clamping assembly comprises a first upper clamping arm and a second upper clamping arm, the lower clamping assembly comprises a first lower clamping arm and a second lower clamping arm, and the first lower clamping arm and the first upper clamping arm are oppositely arranged in a spaced mode to form a first extrusion gap; the first lower clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm are arranged at intervals to form a second extrusion gap, and the first extrusion gap and the second extrusion gap are arranged in a staggered mode. The first extrusion gap and the second extrusion gap of the clamping device can ensure the compression stroke, and the staggered arrangement of the first extrusion gap and the second extrusion gap can ensure that a test piece is damaged in a test area, so that the normal operation of a compression test is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of composite material compression testing, in particular to a clamping device and testing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Composite materials offer the unique advantages of high specific strength and stiffness, and their use in aircraft structures can reduce weight by 20%-30%. Furthermore, composite materials offer advantages such as strong designability, excellent fatigue performance, corrosion resistance, and ease of large-scale, integral forming. Composite materials are increasingly used in civil aircraft airframe structures, accounting for an increasing proportion of their usage. Civil aircraft inevitably encounter various accidental damages during operation. To ensure the aircraft's normal operation and extend its economic lifespan, damaged parts must be repaired. With the widespread use of composite materials in airframe structures, the repair of composite structures during the manufacturing and operation of later models will face significant challenges.

[0003] Compression testing provides fundamental data for material specification, material development and research, quality assurance, and structural design and analysis. To determine repair plans for damaged primary load-bearing structures in civil aircraft laminates, these repairs must be validated through testing, particularly for compression test specimens. Failure to design a proper clamping mechanism during loading can easily lead to premature failure of the repaired specimen or damage in areas not considered appropriate.

[0004] Therefore, a special clamping device is needed to perform compression tests on damaged and repaired composite materials to avoid the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a clamping device and testing equipment, which can ensure that the test piece of the composite material after damage repair can be normally subjected to compression test, avoid premature instability and damage of the test piece or damage in non-test areas, and ensure the normal conduct of the compression test.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A clamping device, comprising:

[0008] An upper clamping assembly, the upper clamping assembly being used to clamp one end of the test piece, the upper clamping assembly comprising a first upper clamping arm and a second upper clamping arm, the first upper clamping arm and the second upper clamping arm being spaced apart to form a first opening;

[0009] A lower clamping assembly; the lower clamping assembly is used to clamp the other end of the test piece, the lower clamping assembly includes a first lower clamping arm and a second lower clamping arm, the first lower clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm are spaced apart to form a second opening;

[0010] The first lower clamping arm and the first upper clamping arm are opposite to each other and spaced apart to form a first extrusion gap, the second lower clamping arm and the second upper clamping arm are spaced apart to form a second extrusion gap, and the first extrusion gap and the second extrusion gap are staggered.

[0011] As an optional technical solution, the upper clamping assembly includes two upper clamping plates, the upper clamping plates include a first upper clamping piece and a second upper clamping piece, the two upper clamping plates are opposite to each other and spaced apart, the two first upper clamping pieces form the first upper clamping arms, and the two second upper clamping pieces form the second upper clamping arms; and / or, the lower clamping assembly includes two lower clamping plates, the upper clamping plates include a first lower clamping piece and a second lower clamping piece, the two lower clamping plates are opposite to each other and spaced apart, the two first lower clamping pieces form the first lower clamping arms, and the two second lower clamping pieces form the second lower clamping arms.

[0012] As an optional technical solution, the two upper mounting plates and / or the two lower mounting plates are detachably connected.

[0013] As an optional technical solution, the two upper mounting plates are each provided with a first connecting hole, and the first bolt passes through the two first connecting holes and is threadedly connected to the first nut, thereby detachably connecting the two upper mounting plates;

[0014] And / or, the two lower mounting plates are each provided with a second connection hole, and the second bolt passes through the two second connection holes and is threadedly connected with the second nut, thereby detachably connecting the two lower mounting plates.

[0015] As an optional technical solution, one of the first upper clamping arm and the first lower clamping arm is provided with a first protrusion, and the other of the first upper clamping arm and the first lower clamping arm is provided with a first groove, and the first protrusion and the first groove are provided in a coordinated manner; and / or,

[0016] One of the second upper clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm is provided with a second protrusion, the other of the second upper clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm is provided with a second groove, and the second protrusion and the second groove are matched with each other.

[0017] As an optional technical solution, the shape of the first protrusion and / or the second protrusion includes a triangle or a rectangle.

[0018] As an optional technical solution, the shapes of the first opening and the second opening include arc and square.

[0019] As an optional technical solution, the clamping device further comprises a clamping block, and the clamping block is provided on both the end of the upper clamping assembly away from the lower clamping assembly and the end of the lower clamping assembly away from the upper clamping assembly.

[0020] As an optional technical solution, the clamping block is a wedge-shaped block.

[0021] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0022] The test equipment includes a first pressure member and a second pressure member, and also includes the clamping device as described above, the first pressure member is connected to the side of the upper clamping assembly away from the lower clamping assembly, the second pressure member is connected to the side of the lower clamping assembly away from the upper clamping assembly, and the upper clamping assembly and the lower clamping assembly are respectively driven by the first pressure member and the second pressure member to approach or move away from each other.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0024] The utility model discloses a clamping device, which includes an upper clamping assembly and a lower clamping assembly, the upper clamping assembly is used to clamp one end of the test piece, the upper clamping assembly includes a first upper clamping arm and a second upper clamping arm, the first upper clamping arm and the second upper clamping arm are spaced apart to form a first opening; the lower clamping assembly is used to clamp the other end of the test piece, the lower clamping assembly includes a first lower clamping arm and a second lower clamping arm, the first lower clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm are spaced apart to form a second opening; the first lower clamping arm and the first upper clamping arm are opposite and spaced apart to form a first extrusion gap, the second lower clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm are spaced apart to form a second extrusion gap, and the first extrusion gap and the second extrusion gap are staggered. The upper clamping assembly of this clamping device includes a first upper clamping arm and a second upper clamping arm, and the lower clamping assembly includes a first lower clamping arm and a second lower clamping arm. The first upper clamping arm and the first lower clamping arm are opposite to each other and spaced apart to form a first extrusion gap. The second upper clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm are opposite to each other to form a second extrusion gap. The first extrusion gap and the second extrusion gap are staggered. The first extrusion gap and the second extrusion gap can ensure the compression stroke, and the staggered setting of the first extrusion gap and the second extrusion gap can ensure that the test piece is destroyed in the test area, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the compression test.

[0025] The utility model discloses a test device, comprising a first pressure member and a second pressure member, and also comprising the clamping device described above, wherein the first pressure member is connected to a side of an upper clamping assembly remote from a lower clamping assembly, and the second pressure member is connected to a side of the lower clamping assembly remote from the upper clamping assembly, wherein the upper clamping assembly and the lower clamping assembly are respectively driven by the first pressure member and the second pressure member to move toward or away from each other. This test device can ensure the normal performance of a compression test on a test piece, and can prevent a repaired test piece from prematurely becoming unstable or being damaged in a non-test area, thereby affecting the compression test of the test piece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a clamping device for clamping a test piece according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a side view of a clamping device clamping a test piece according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of a clamping device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a side view of a partial structure of the clamping device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a front view of a partial structure of the clamping device of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a front view of the partial structure of the clamping device of other embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a front view of the partial structure of the clamping device of other embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 1. Clamping device; 2. Test piece;

[0035] 10. Upper clamp assembly; 11. Upper clamp plate; 111. First upper clamp; 1111. First protrusion; 112. Second upper clamp; 1121. Second protrusion; 113. First connecting hole; 114. First bolt; 115. First nut; 12. First opening;

[0036] 20. Lower clamping assembly; 21. Lower clamping plate; 211. First lower clamping piece; 2111. First groove; 212. Second lower clamping piece; 2121. Second groove; 213. Second connecting hole; 214. Second bolt; 215. Second nut; 22. Second opening;

[0037] 30. First extrusion gap;

[0038] 40. Second extrusion gap;

[0039] 50. Clamping block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0041] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0043] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, in this embodiment, a clamping device 1 is provided for clamping a test piece 2 of a composite material laminate that is repaired after being damaged, and the clamping device 1 includes an upper clamping assembly 10 and a lower clamping assembly 20; the upper clamping assembly 10 is used to clamp one end of the test piece 2, and the upper clamping assembly 10 includes a first upper clamping arm and a second upper clamping arm, and the first upper clamping arm and the second upper clamping arm are spaced apart to form a first opening 12; the lower clamping assembly 20 is used to clamp the other end of the test piece 2, and the lower clamping assembly 20 includes a first lower clamping arm and a second lower clamping arm, and the first lower clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm are spaced apart to form a second opening 22; the first lower clamping arm and the first upper clamping arm are opposite and spaced apart to form a first extrusion gap 30, and the second lower clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm are spaced apart to form a second extrusion gap 40, and the first extrusion gap 30 and the second extrusion gap 40 are staggered. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first upper clamping arm of the upper clamping assembly 10 and the first lower clamping arm of the lower clamping assembly 20 are arranged relative to each other and spaced apart to form a first extrusion gap 30, and the second upper clamping arm of the upper clamping assembly 10 and the second lower clamping arm of the lower clamping assembly 20 are arranged relative to each other and spaced apart to form a second extrusion gap 40. The first extrusion gap 30 and the second extrusion gap 40 are staggered. The first extrusion gap 30 and the second extrusion gap 40 can ensure the compression stroke and ensure the normal progress of the compression test. The first extrusion gap 30 and the second extrusion gap 40 are staggered. During the compression process of the test piece 2, it can ensure that the test piece 2 is destroyed in the test area, ensuring the normal progress of the compression test of the test piece 2, and effectively avoiding premature instability and destruction of the test piece 2 or destruction in a non-test area. The first opening 12 and the second opening 22 are arranged relative to each other to form a receiving window. The receiving window is used to accommodate the repaired part of the test piece 2 to avoid affecting the compression test of the test piece 2.

[0045] Furthermore, if Figures 3 to 5As shown, the upper clamping assembly 10 includes two upper clamping plates 11, the upper clamping plates 11 include a first upper clamping piece 111 and a second upper clamping piece 112, the two upper clamping plates 11 are opposite to each other and spaced apart, the two first upper clamping pieces 111 form a first upper clamping arm, and the two second upper clamping pieces 112 form a second upper clamping arm; and / or, the lower clamping assembly 20 includes two lower clamping plates 21, the upper clamping plates 11 include a first lower clamping piece 211 and a second lower clamping piece 212, the two lower clamping plates 21 are opposite to each other and spaced apart, the two first lower clamping pieces 211 form a first lower clamping arm, and the two second lower clamping pieces 212 form a second lower clamping arm. Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper clamping assembly 10 includes two upper clamping plates 11, and one end of the test piece 2 is clamped to one side of the two upper clamping plates 11, which makes clamping convenient and effective. At the same time, the lower clamping assembly 20 includes two lower clamping plates 21, which can facilitate the clamping of the other end of the test piece 2 between the two lower clamping plates 21, thereby improving the convenience and stability of clamping. Moreover, the use of clamping plates to clamp the test piece 2 can provide better support for the test piece 2, preventing local instability and damage to the test piece 2 during compression, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the compression test. At the same time, this arrangement enables the clamping device 1 to clamp test pieces 2 of different lengths and thicknesses, thereby improving versatility.

[0046] In this embodiment, the two first upper clamps 111, the two second upper clamps 112, the two first lower clamps 211 and the two second lower clamps 212 are respectively arranged on both sides of the test piece 2, which can increase the contact area between the upper clamping assembly 10 and the test piece 2, making the clamping of the test piece 2 more stable, ensuring the clamping stability during the test, and further ensuring the normal progress of the compression test.

[0047] Furthermore, the two upper clamping plates 11 and / or the two lower clamping plates 21 are detachably connected. Specifically, in this embodiment, the two upper clamping plates 11 and the two lower clamping plates 21 are detachably connected, which is convenient for disassembly.

[0048] Furthermore, the two upper mounting plates 11 are each provided with a first connection hole 113, and the first bolt 114 passes through the two first connection holes 113 and is threadedly connected to the first nut 115, thereby detachably connecting the two upper mounting plates 11; and / or, the two lower mounting plates 21 are each provided with a second connection hole 213, and the second bolt 214 passes through the two second connection holes 213 and is threadedly connected to the second nut 215, thereby detachably connecting the two lower mounting plates 21. Specifically, in this embodiment, the two upper mounting plates 11 are connected by threading the first bolt 114 and the first nut 115, and the two lower mounting plates 21 are connected by threading the second bolt 214 and the second nut 215. The use of threaded connection not only has a high connection stability, but also facilitates assembly and disassembly, thereby improving the versatility of the clamping device 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, the number of first connecting holes 113, first bolts 114 and first nuts 115 is specifically set according to actual use, and the number of second connecting holes 213, second bolts 214 and second nuts 215 is specifically set according to actual use, which will not be repeated here.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first connection hole 113 and the second connection hole 213 are respectively provided on both sides of the upper clamping plate 11 and the lower clamping plate 21 to improve the force balance performance of the test piece 2 and ensure stable clamping of the test piece 2.

[0051] Further, one of the first upper clamping arm and the first lower clamping arm is provided with a first protrusion 1111, and the other of the first upper clamping arm and the first lower clamping arm is provided with a first groove 2111, and the first protrusion 1111 and the first groove 2111 are provided in cooperation; and / or, one of the second upper clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm is provided with a second protrusion 1121, and the other of the second upper clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm is provided with a second groove 2121, and the second protrusion 1121 and the second groove 2121 are provided in cooperation. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first upper clamping pieces 111 of the two upper clamping plates 11 are each provided with a first protrusion 1111, and the first lower clamping pieces 211 of the two lower clamping plates 21 are each provided with a first groove 2111, and the first protrusion 1111 and the first groove 2111 are arranged in cooperation with each other, and the second upper clamping pieces 112 of the two upper clamping plates 11 are each provided with a second protrusion 1121, and the second lower clamping pieces 212 of the two lower clamping plates 21 are each provided with a second groove 2121, and the second protrusion 1121 and the second groove 2121 are arranged in cooperation with each other. This arrangement can make the first extrusion gap 30 and the second extrusion gap 40 both serrated. When the press provides pressure to the test piece 2 through the clamping device 1, it can effectively avoid the test piece 2 at the first extrusion gap 30 and the second extrusion gap 40 from being subjected to force and causing instability and damage, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the compression test.

[0052] For further information, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the shape of the first protrusion 1111 and / or the second protrusion 1121 includes a triangle or a rectangle. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the shape of the first protrusion 1111 is a triangle, the shape of the first groove 2111 is adaptively a triangle, ensuring that the first protrusion 1111 and the first groove 2111 can cooperate with each other, and when the shape of the second protrusion 1121 is a rectangle, the shape of the first groove 2111 is adaptively a rectangle, which can also ensure that the first protrusion 1111 and the first groove 2111 can cooperate with each other. The shape of the second protrusion 1121 in this embodiment is consistent with the shape of the first protrusion 1111, which can improve the processing convenience and ensure uniform force. In other embodiments, the shape and quantity of the first protrusion 1111 and the second protrusion 1121 can be specifically set according to actual use, which will not be described here.

[0053] Furthermore, the shapes of the first opening 12 and the second opening 22 include arc and square. Specifically, in this embodiment, the shapes of the first opening 12 and the second opening 22 can be specifically set according to actual use, such as semicircular, square, etc.

[0054] In another embodiment, the first opening 12 and the second opening 22 are not connected, and are respectively used to accommodate the repaired portion of the test piece 2, which will not be described in detail here.

[0055] Furthermore, the clamping device 1 also includes a clamping block 50, and a clamping block 50 is provided at one end of the upper clamping assembly 10 away from the lower clamping assembly 20 and at one end of the lower clamping assembly 20 away from the upper clamping assembly 10. Specifically, in this embodiment, four clamping blocks 50 are provided, two of which are provided on the outside of the two upper clamping plates 11 of the upper clamping assembly 10 and away from the lower clamping assembly 20, and the other two clamping blocks 50 are provided on the outside of the two lower clamping plates 21 of the lower clamping assembly 20 and away from the upper clamping assembly 10. The clamping blocks 50 can facilitate the connection of the clamping device 1 to the press, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the compression test.

[0056] Furthermore, the clamping block 50 is a wedge-shaped block. Specifically, in this embodiment, the wedge-shaped block can be connected to the testing machine, and the testing machine provides pressure to the test piece 2 through the wedge-shaped block, which can effectively prevent the end of the test piece 2 from being crushed and ensure the smooth progress of the compression test.

[0057] This embodiment also provides a test device, comprising a first pressure member and a second pressure member, and the clamping device 1 described above. The first pressure member is connected to a side of the upper clamping assembly 10 that is remote from the lower clamping assembly 20, and the second pressure member is connected to a side of the lower clamping assembly 20 that is remote from the upper clamping assembly 10. The upper clamping assembly 10 and the lower clamping assembly 20 are respectively driven by the first pressure member and the second pressure member to move toward or away from each other. This test device can ensure the normal performance of the compression test of the test piece 2 and prevent the repaired test piece 2 from prematurely becoming unstable or damaging in a non-test area, thereby affecting the compression test of the test piece 2.

[0058] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the manner in which the present invention is to be implemented. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The clamping device is characterized in that: The clamping device (1) comprises: An upper clamping assembly (10), the upper clamping assembly (10) being used to clamp one end of a test piece (2), the upper clamping assembly (10) comprising a first upper clamping arm and a second upper clamping arm, the first upper clamping arm and the second upper clamping arm being spaced apart to form a first opening (12); A lower clamping assembly (20); the lower clamping assembly (20) is used to clamp the other end of the test piece (2), the lower clamping assembly (20) comprises a first lower clamping arm and a second lower clamping arm, the first lower clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm are spaced apart to form a second opening (22); The first lower clamping arm and the first upper clamping arm are opposite to each other and spaced apart to form a first extrusion gap (30), the second lower clamping arm and the second upper clamping arm are spaced apart to form a second extrusion gap (40), and the first extrusion gap (30) and the second extrusion gap (40) are staggered.

2. The clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper clamping assembly (10) comprises two upper clamping plates (11), the upper clamping plates (11) comprising a first upper clamping piece (111) and a second upper clamping piece (112), the two upper clamping plates (11) are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart, the two first upper clamping pieces (111) form the first upper clamping arm, and the two second upper clamping pieces (112) form the second upper clamping arm; and / or, The lower clamping assembly (20) includes two lower clamping plates (21), and the upper clamping plate (11) includes a first lower clamping piece (211) and a second lower clamping piece (212). The two lower clamping plates (21) are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart. The two first lower clamping pieces (211) form the first lower clamping arm, and the two second lower clamping pieces (212) form the second lower clamping arm.

3. The clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two upper mounting clamping plates (11) and / or the two lower mounting clamping plates (21) are detachably connected.

4. The clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two upper mounting plates (11) are both provided with a first connection hole (113), and a first bolt (114) passes through the two first connection holes (113) and is threadedly connected to a first nut (115), thereby detachably connecting the two upper mounting plates (11); And / or, the two lower mounting clamps (21) are each provided with a second connection hole (213), and the second bolt (214) passes through the two second connection holes (213) and is threadedly connected to the second nut (215), thereby detachably connecting the two lower mounting clamps (21).

5. The clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the first upper clamping arm and the first lower clamping arm is provided with a first protrusion (1111), and the other of the first upper clamping arm and the first lower clamping arm is provided with a first groove (2111), and the first protrusion (1111) and the first groove (2111) are arranged in cooperation; and / or, One of the second upper clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm is provided with a second protrusion (1121), and the other of the second upper clamping arm and the second lower clamping arm is provided with a second groove (2121), and the second protrusion (1121) and the second groove (2121) are arranged in coordination.

6. The clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shape of the first protrusion (1111) and / or the second protrusion (1121) includes a triangle or a rectangle.

7. The clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shapes of the first opening (12) and the second opening (22) include arc and square.

8. The clamping device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The clamping device further comprises a clamping block (50), and the clamping block (50) is provided at one end of the upper clamping assembly (10) away from the lower clamping assembly (20) and at one end of the lower clamping assembly (20) away from the upper clamping assembly (10).

9. The clamping device according to any one of claim 8, characterized in that: The clamping block (50) is a wedge-shaped block.

10. Test equipment, characterized in that The test equipment includes a first pressure member and a second pressure member, and also includes a clamping device (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the first pressure member is connected to the side of the upper clamping component (10) away from the lower clamping component (20), and the second pressure member is connected to the side of the lower clamping component (20) away from the upper clamping component (10), and the upper clamping component (10) and the lower clamping component (20) are respectively driven by the first pressure member and the second pressure member to approach or move away from each other.

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