Lithium ion battery fire extinguishing structure, secondary battery and two-wheeled vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a lithium ion battery fire extinguishing structure, a secondary battery and a two-wheeled vehicle, and belongs to the field of lithium ion battery fire extinguishing structures, the lithium ion battery fire extinguishing structure comprises a wrapping layer, an accommodating space is arranged in the wrapping layer, and the accommodating space is filled with a fire extinguishing agent; the wrapping layer is arranged in the lithium ion battery box body, and is arranged at one end of the battery cell, which is opposite to the battery cell explosion-proof valve; the wrapping layer can release a fire extinguishing agent to extinguish fire after being heated and melted. When the lithium ion battery is subjected to thermal runaway, thermal runaway gas is released and discharged through the battery cell explosion-proof valve, the temperature of the discharged gas can enable the wrapping layer to be melted, a fire extinguishing agent is released, the fire extinguishing agent is mainly prepared from perfluorohexanone, and perfluorohexanone absorbs heat generated by the battery to be vaporized, so that the heat generated by the battery is evaporated; the volume of the vaporized perfluorohexanone is expanded to cover the whole protection area, so that the effect of isolating oxygen is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of lithium ion battery fire extinguishing structures, in particular to a lithium ion battery fire extinguishing structure, a secondary battery and a two-wheeled vehicle. Background Art

[0002] To achieve longer battery life, electric two-wheeled vehicles are gradually moving away from traditional lead-acid batteries and adopting newer lithium-ion batteries. The primary advantages of lithium-ion batteries are their high energy density, reduced weight, and extended life compared to lead-acid batteries. Furthermore, lithium-ion batteries offer fast charging times, meeting consumer demand for fast charging. However, lithium-ion batteries have poor safety performance, and fires can often cause irreversible damage.

[0003] Therefore, a lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is needed that can prevent the battery from catching fire. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure, comprising:

[0005] The wrapping layer has a storage space therein, and the storage space is filled with a fire extinguishing agent; the wrapping layer is arranged inside the lithium-ion battery box, and the wrapping layer is arranged at one end of the battery cell facing the battery cell explosion-proof valve; after the wrapping layer is heated and melted, it can release the fire extinguishing agent to extinguish the fire.

[0006] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing agent is perfluorohexanone.

[0007] A secondary battery comprises a box, a battery cell and a base.

[0008] The interior of the box is hollow, a plurality of the battery cells are mounted on the base, and the battery cells and the base are mounted in the box;

[0009] The above-mentioned lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is installed in the box, and the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is located at the end of the battery cell away from the base;

[0010] A battery cell explosion-proof valve is provided on a side of the battery cell facing the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure.

[0011] Furthermore, an insulating layer is provided on a side of the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure close to the battery cell explosion-proof valve.

[0012] Furthermore, the box includes:

[0013] A first box body, wherein a lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is provided inside the first box body, and the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is directly facing the battery cell;

[0014] A second box body is connected to the first box body to form a space capable of accommodating battery cells.

[0015] Furthermore, the first box body and the second box body are sealed and connected.

[0016] Furthermore, the box body includes a third box body and a box cover.

[0017] The battery cell is arranged in the third box body, and a box cover is installed at the opening of the third box body;

[0018] A lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is provided on one side of the box cover close to the third box body, and the box cover is detachably connected to the third box body.

[0019] Furthermore, the box cover and the third box body are sealed and connected.

[0020] Furthermore, the battery further comprises:

[0021] An electrical plug-in unit is fixedly mounted inside the third box body near a corner and is electrically connected to the battery cell.

[0022] A two-wheeled vehicle adopts the secondary battery.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. When a lithium-ion battery experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas is released and discharged through the battery cell explosion-proof valve. The temperature of the discharged gas can melt the wrapping layer and release the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent is mainly made of perfluorohexanone. Perfluorohexanone absorbs the heat generated by the battery. The volume of the vaporized perfluorohexanone expands to cover the entire protection area, thereby isolating it from oxygen.

[0025] 2. The first box and the second box of the utility model form a sealed environment. After vaporization, the perfluorohexanone expands the entire area and thus plays a role in isolating oxygen to prevent fire.

[0026] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained by the structures indicated in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the ion battery fire extinguishing structure in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 2 The diagram shows the explosion structure of the secondary battery in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first box body in the first embodiment of the present utility model is shown.

[0031] Figure 4 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a secondary battery in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 The diagram shows the explosion structure of the secondary battery in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure, 1. First box; 2. Electrical plug-in; 3. Battery cell explosion-proof valve; 4. Battery cell; 5. Second box; 6. Base; 8. Wrapping layer; 9. Fire extinguishing agent; 10. Insulation layer; 21. Third box; 22. Box cover; 23. Liquid cooling plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the ion battery fire extinguishing structure in the embodiment of the present utility model is shown. Figure 1 A lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure comprises a wrapping layer 8, wherein a receiving space is provided in the wrapping layer 8, and the receiving space is filled with a fire extinguishing agent 9; the wrapping layer 8 is provided inside the lithium-ion battery, and the wrapping layer 8 is provided at one end of the battery cell 4 facing the battery cell explosion-proof valve (3); after being heated, the wrapping layer 8 melts and can release the fire extinguishing agent 9 to extinguish the fire.

[0037] Specifically, the wrapping layer 8 is made of PE (polyethylene) material, which has a low melting point. When the battery cell 4 thermally runs away, the hot gas discharged from the battery cell 4 through the battery cell explosion-proof valve 3 can melt the PE on the surface of the perfluorohexanone. Even if the wrapping layer 8 melts, the fire extinguishing agent 9 is released. The fire extinguishing agent 9 is made of perfluorohexanone. The perfluorohexanone absorbs the heat generated by the battery and vaporizes. The volume of the vaporized perfluorohexanone expands to cover the entire protection area, thereby isolating the oxygen.

[0038] In the above embodiment, another optional implementation is that the fire extinguishing agent 9 is perfluorohexanone. Perfluorohexanone absorbs the heat generated by the battery, and the volume of the vaporized perfluorohexanone expands to cover the entire protection area, thereby isolating oxygen.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The diagram shows the explosion structure of the secondary battery in the embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 A secondary battery comprises a hollow housing, the interior of which is provided with the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure described above; a battery cell explosion-proof valve 3 is provided on the side of the battery cell 4 facing the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure; multiple battery cells 4 are mounted on a base 6, the multiple battery cells 4 and the base 6 are installed in the housing, and the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is located at the end of the battery cell 4 away from the base 6. Specifically, the base 6 is used to limit the battery cells 4, thereby distributing the multiple battery cells 4 in a rectangular array in the space formed by the connection of the second housing 5 and the first housing 1. The base 6 is also used to secure the multiple battery cells 4 together, facilitating the formation of a large battery pack.

[0041] When the battery cell 4 of the secondary battery is in thermal runaway due to improper use or collision, the battery cell 4 will be exhausted through the battery cell explosion-proof valve 3. The exhaust temperature can melt the insulating layer 10 and the wrapping layer 8, causing the wrapping layer 8 to melt and release the fire extinguishing agent 9. The fire extinguishing agent 9 is made of perfluorohexanone. Perfluorohexanone absorbs the heat generated by the battery, and the volume of the vaporized perfluorohexanone expands to cover the entire protection area, thereby isolating the oxygen.

[0042] At the same time, the first box body 1 and the second box body 5 form a sealed environment. The vaporized perfluorohexanone expands the entire area and fills the sealed space formed by the first box body 1 and the second box body 5, thereby further forming isolation and isolating oxygen to prevent fire.

[0043] In the above embodiment, another optional implementation is to provide an insulating layer 10 on the side of the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure close to the battery cell explosion-proof valve 3. Specifically, the insulating layer 10 is epoxy resin, which can play an insulating role and prevent the battery cell 4 from contacting the first box 1 and causing a short circuit.

[0044] Preferably, the battery further includes an electrical connector 2, which is fixedly mounted inside the first housing 1 near a corner and electrically connected to the battery cells 4. The electrical connector 2 is used to connect the battery cells 4 to an electrical device, allowing the device to consume the power of the battery cells 4 in the secondary battery. When the secondary battery needs to be charged, the electrical connector 2 is connected to a charging device to charge the battery cells 4 in the secondary battery.

[0045] Specifically, the housing includes a first box body 1, a lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is provided inside the first box body 1, and the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is facing the battery cell 4; a second box body 5 is connected to the first box body 1 to form a space capable of accommodating the battery cell 4 (such as Figure 3 shown);

[0046] The first box 1 and the second box 5 are sealed together. The sealed connection between the first box 1 and the second box 5 prevents a large amount of oxygen from entering the cavity formed by the first box 1 and the second box 5 after thermal runaway of the battery cell 4, thereby preventing the battery cell 4 from catching fire. At the same time, it ensures that the perfluorohexanone absorbs the heat generated by the battery, and the volume of the vaporized perfluorohexanone expands to cover the entire protection area, thereby isolating the battery cell 4 from oxygen.

[0047] In the above embodiment, another optional implementation is that both the first housing 1 and the second housing 5 are made of aluminum alloy. The first housing 1 and the second housing 5 are made of aluminum alloy, thereby strengthening the structure of the secondary battery and preventing the secondary battery shell from being too brittle. At the same time, the perfluorohexanone absorbs the heat generated by the battery, rapidly reducing the temperature of the battery cell 4. The volume expansion of the vaporized perfluorohexanone covers the entire protection area, thereby isolating oxygen. At the same time, the aluminum alloy seal prevents oxygen from entering again, and when the temperature in the protection area rises, the fire extinguishing agent 9 will undergo chemical decomposition, breaking some of the bonds in the fire extinguishing agent 9 molecules, combining with the active free radicals generated during the flame combustion process, blocking the chain reaction of combustion, and playing a chemical suppression fire extinguishing function.

[0048] In the above embodiment, another optional implementation is that an insulating layer of paint is sprayed on the inner surface of the first box body 1 and the inner surface of the second box body 5. The insulating layer of paint is used to prevent the battery cells 4 from contacting the inner surface of the first box body 1 or the inner surface of the second box body 5, thereby preventing a short circuit or electric shock to the user.

[0049] Working principle of this utility model:

[0050] When the utility model is in use, insulating material is sprayed on the inner surfaces of the first box body 1 and the second box body 5 or an insulating layer 10 is pasted; the battery cells 4 are installed in the base 6 according to a certain arrangement, and then the battery cells 4 arranged on the base 6 are placed in the space formed by the first box body 1 and the second box body 5; at the same time, a lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is installed at one end of the first box body 1 facing the battery cells 4. The lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is composed of a fire extinguishing agent 9 arranged inside the wrapping layer 8. At the same time, in order to play an insulating role, an insulating layer 10 is provided on the side of the wrapping layer 8 facing the battery cells 4. The insulating layer 10 is epoxy resin, which can play an insulating role to prevent the battery cells 4 from contacting the first box body 1 and then wearing out the insulating layer 10 to cause a short circuit.

[0051] An electrical plug-in 2 is provided on the inner side of the first box body 1 near the edge. The electrical plug-in 2 is used to connect the battery cell 4 to the electrical device, so that the electrical device can use the power of the battery cell 4 in the secondary battery. At the same time, when the secondary battery needs to be charged, it is connected to the charging device through the electrical plug-in 2 to charge the battery cell 4 in the secondary battery.

[0052] Example 3,

[0053] In another embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, the box body includes a third box body 21, the battery cell 4 is installed in the third box body 21, and a box cover 22 is installed at the opening of the third box body 21; the box cover 22 is provided with a lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure on the side close to the third box body 21, and the box cover 22 can be installed to the open end of the third box body 21; specifically, by providing a card slot on the inner side of the box cover 22 and a protrusion on the outer side of the third box body 21, the connection is achieved by clamping the protrusion provided on the outer side of the third box body 21 with the card slot provided on the inner side of the box cover 22. When the battery cell 4 needs to be replaced, the replacement is completed by opening the box cover 22; the box cover 22 and the third box body 21 are sealed. A liquid cooling plate 23 (such as Figure 5 As shown), the liquid cooling plate 23 passes through the third box body 21, and a portion thereof leaks out of the outside of the third box body 21 for connecting to a cooling pump.

[0054] As attached Figure 3As shown, the inner side of the cover 22 is provided with a wrapping layer 8. This wrapping layer 8 is made of a fiber mesh structure coated with a finishing liquid formulated with a flame retardant. Its primary function is to form a porous foamed char layer on the surface of the material. This layer is a multiphase system containing solid, liquid, and gaseous products. The flame-retardant properties of the char layer are primarily manifested in: preventing heat from penetrating the condensed phase, preventing oxygen from entering the combustion zone, and preventing gaseous or liquid degradation products from escaping the surface of the material. The char layer formation process is as follows: at approximately 150°C, the acid source produces an acid that can esterify the polyol and act as a dehydrating agent. At slightly higher temperatures, the acid and carbon source undergo an esterification reaction, with the amine groups in the system acting as a catalyst to accelerate the esterification reaction. The system melts before and during the esterification reaction. The non-combustible gas produced during the reaction causes the molten system to expand and foam. Simultaneously, the polyol and ester dehydrate and carbonize, forming inorganic matter and carbon residues, which further foam the system. As the reaction nears completion, the system gels and solidifies, ultimately forming a porous foamed char layer.

[0055] Between the wrapping layer 8 and the cover 22 lies a layer of fire extinguishing agent 9. Perfluorohexanone, a novel fire retardant, absorbs heat generated by the battery, rapidly reducing the temperature of the battery cells 4. Furthermore, the vaporized perfluorohexanone expands to cover the entire protected area, thereby isolating the battery from oxygen. As the temperature within the protected area rises, chemical decomposition occurs, breaking bonds within the molecules of the fire extinguishing agent 9. These molecules then combine with the active free radicals generated during the flame combustion process, interrupting the combustion chain reaction and providing a chemical suppression and fire extinguishing function.

[0056] Under normal working conditions, the temperature of the battery cell 4 rises due to thermal runaway and starts to spray. On the one hand, the wrapping layer 8 prevents direct spraying of the tank cover 22, thereby preventing the tank cover 22 from catching fire. On the other hand, the wrapping layer 8 expands to reduce the air inside the package, the fire extinguishing agent 9 is released, and perfluorohexanone is discharged, further reducing the air inside the package, and reacting to effectively prevent heat diffusion after the battery cell 4 thermal runaway.

[0057] An electric two-wheeled vehicle is manufactured by using the above-mentioned secondary battery, motor and vehicle body. The secondary battery supplies power to the motor, thereby driving the entire electric two-wheeled vehicle to move.

[0058] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure, characterized in that: include: A wrapping layer (8) is provided with a receiving space in the wrapping layer (8), and the receiving space is filled with a fire extinguishing agent (9); the wrapping layer (8) is provided inside a lithium-ion battery box, and the wrapping layer (8) is provided at one end of the battery cell (4) facing the battery cell explosion-proof valve (3); the wrapping layer (8) melts after being heated and can release the fire extinguishing agent (9) to extinguish a fire.

2. A lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing agent (9) is perfluorohexanone.

3. A secondary battery, characterized in that: It comprises a box, a battery cell (4) and a base (6), The interior of the box is hollow, a plurality of the battery cells (4) are mounted on the base (6), and the battery cells (4) and the base (6) are mounted in the box; The box is installed with the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 2, and the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is located at an end of the battery cell (4) away from the base (6); A battery cell explosion-proof valve (3) is provided on the side of the battery cell (4) facing the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure.

4. A secondary battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: An insulating layer (10) is provided on a side of the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure close to the battery cell explosion-proof valve (3).

5. A secondary battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The box includes: A first box (1), wherein a lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is provided inside the first box (1), and the lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure faces the battery cell (4); A second box (5), wherein the second box (5) is connected to the first box (1) to form a space capable of accommodating a battery cell (4).

6. A secondary battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first box body (1) and the second box body (5) are sealed and connected.

7. A secondary battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The box body includes a third box body (21) and a box cover (22), The battery core (4) is arranged in the third box (21), and a box cover (22) is installed at the opening of the third box (21); A lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing structure is provided on one side of the box cover (22) close to the third box body (21), and the box cover (22) is detachably connected to the third box body (21).

8. A secondary battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The box cover (22) and the third box body (21) are sealed and connected.

9. The secondary battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery further comprises: An electrical plug-in (2), the electrical plug-in (2) is fixedly mounted inside the third box (21) near a corner, and the electrical plug-in (2) is electrically connected to the battery core (4).

10. A two-wheeled vehicle, characterized in that: It uses the secondary battery described in any one of claims 3 to 9.

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