Efficient and energy-saving magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device which comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage device and a hydrogen storage device, the phase change heat storage modules are all placed in the hydrogen storage tank and are arranged at intervals, so that a containing space is formed between every two adjacent phase change heat storage modules; the plurality of magnesium cake hydrogen storage modules are in one-to-one correspondence with the accommodating spaces and are filled in the corresponding accommodating spaces; each phase change heat storage module is filled with a phase change material, heat released when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module absorbs hydrogen is stored through the phase change materials, and therefore heat energy is supplied when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module releases hydrogen. By arranging the phase change heat storage module, direct heat exchange can be conducted, heat released in the magnesium cake hydrogen absorption process can be recycled in time, heat can be released when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module releases hydrogen, and therefore energy recycling and reusing are achieved, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, energy waste is avoided, and high efficiency and energy saving are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, in particular to a high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device. Background Art

[0002] Compared to fossil fuels, hydrogen energy offers advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, no pollutants generated during use, and abundant hydrogen reserves, making it a clean energy source with great development potential. Hydrogen energy's various applications inevitably involve the issue of hydrogen storage. The mainstream hydrogen storage methods include high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, and metal hydride solid-state hydrogen storage. Metal hydride solid-state hydrogen storage offers advantages such as high volumetric storage density, low storage pressure, and improved safety.

[0003] In the related art, a hydrogen storage system based on magnesium-based alloy materials is usually used to achieve solid-state hydrogen storage. The hydrogen storage system heats the magnesium-based alloy material placed in the container through a heat exchange medium. When the heat exchange medium heats the magnesium-based alloy material to reach the hydrogen absorption temperature, hydrogen is introduced into the container through the hydrogen pipeline system, reacts with the high-temperature magnesium-based alloy material, and absorbs hydrogen; when the heat exchange medium heats the magnesium-based alloy material to reach the hydrogen desorption temperature, hydrogen desorption begins, and the hydrogen is transported to the outside through the hydrogen pipeline system.

[0004] However, existing hydrogen storage systems typically use electric heating to first heat a heat exchange medium, which then heats the magnesium-based alloy material in the container. During the heat exchange process, this hydrogen storage system suffers from uneven heating and slow heating when the heat exchange medium heats the magnesium-based alloy material, thereby reducing the efficiency of hydrogen absorption and desorption of the magnesium-based alloy material and consuming very high energy. At the same time, the magnesium-based alloy material will expand in volume after absorbing hydrogen, resulting in stress concentration and damage to the container. Utility Model Content

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device, which can promptly recover the heat released during the hydrogen absorption process of the magnesium cake and supply energy during the hydrogen release process of the magnesium cake, thereby reducing energy consumption and ensuring stable and rapid hydrogen absorption and release processes.

[0006] The technical solutions adopted in this utility model are as follows:

[0007] A high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device, comprising:

[0008] The hydrogen storage tank is placed with its axis parallel to the horizontal direction;

[0009] Several phase change thermal storage modules are placed inside the hydrogen storage tank and arranged at intervals, so that a storage space is formed between two adjacent phase change thermal storage modules;

[0010] A plurality of magnesium cake hydrogen storage modules correspond one to one with the accommodating spaces and are filled in the corresponding accommodating spaces;

[0011] The interior of each phase-change heat storage module is filled with phase-change material, which stores the heat released when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module absorbs hydrogen, thereby supplying heat energy when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module releases hydrogen.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0013] An electric heating tape is wound around the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank, and the electric heating tape is electrically connected to an external controller. The outside of the hydrogen storage tank and the electric heating tape are both covered with an insulation layer.

[0014] A plurality of supporting legs are mounted on the outer wall surface of the hydrogen storage tank, and the supporting legs support the hydrogen storage tank.

[0015] An air port is provided on the wall of the hydrogen storage tank, and a connecting pipe 4 is installed in the air port. A filter is installed at one end of the connecting pipe 4, and a valve is installed at the other end of the connecting pipe 4.

[0016] A single magnesium cake hydrogen storage module includes at least one magnesium cake.

[0017] When a plurality of magnesium cakes are provided in a single magnesium cake hydrogen storage module, two adjacent magnesium cakes are separated by a first partition.

[0018] The first separator is made of copper, aluminum or graphite.

[0019] A single phase-change thermal storage module includes a disk-shaped hollow shell, wherein the interior of the shell is equipped with several second partitions, which divide the interior space of the shell into several grid-shaped storage spaces, each of which is filled with phase-change material.

[0020] The interior of the hydrogen storage tank is equipped with a plurality of limiting buffer mechanisms, through which the phase change heat storage module is limited in the axial direction.

[0021] The single position limiting buffer mechanism comprises two spaced apart support plates, which are connected via at least one spring.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0023] The utility model has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. By setting up a phase change heat storage module, it can perform direct heat exchange, timely recover the heat released during the hydrogen absorption process of the magnesium cake, and release heat when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module releases hydrogen, thereby realizing energy recovery and reuse, improving heat exchange efficiency, avoiding energy waste, and achieving high efficiency and energy saving.

[0024] The utility model also has the following advantages:

[0025] (1) The utility model can buffer the stress generated when the magnesium cake absorbs more hydrogen by providing the first partition and the limit buffer mechanism, thereby preventing stress concentration inside the hydrogen storage tank, improving the structural stability of the hydrogen storage tank, and extending its service life.

[0026] (2) In the present invention, by providing a second partition, it is possible to prevent the phase change material from being deposited at the bottom of the shell due to gravity when it absorbs heat and becomes molten, thereby making the phase change material as evenly distributed as possible in the shell, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency.

[0027] (3) The phase change material in the present invention is a magnesium alloy material, and its phase change temperature is between the hydrogen absorption temperature and hydrogen release temperature of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloy. It can collect and release thermal energy in the range of 320℃-400℃, thereby realizing the reasonable recovery and reuse of the energy generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction.

[0028] (4) In the present invention, each magnesium cake can be heated by the phase change materials on both sides at the same time, which can increase the rate of axial heat transfer of the magnesium cake; and the heat exchange between the magnesium cake and the phase change heat storage module is mainly carried out through heat conduction, which can improve the energy transfer efficiency and accelerate the response speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a full cross-sectional view of the phase change thermal storage module in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the position limiting buffer mechanism in the utility model.

[0033] Among them: 1. Hydrogen storage tank; 2. Electric heating tape; 3. Insulation layer; 4. Connecting pipe 4; 5. Support plate; 6. Spring; 7. Support leg; 8. Filter; 9. Magnesium cake; 10. Outer shell; 11. First partition; 12. Second partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific implementation of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] The structure and functions of this utility model are as follows:

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device of this embodiment includes: a hydrogen storage tank 1, whose axial direction is placed parallel to the horizontal direction; a plurality of phase change thermal storage modules, all placed inside the hydrogen storage tank 1 and arranged at intervals, so that a accommodating space is formed between two adjacent phase change thermal storage modules; a plurality of magnesium cake hydrogen storage modules, which correspond one-to-one to the accommodating spaces and are filled in the corresponding accommodating spaces; the interior of each phase change thermal storage module is filled with phase change material, and the phase change material stores the heat released when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module absorbs hydrogen, thereby supplying heat energy when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module releases hydrogen.

[0037] The solid-state hydrogen storage device of this embodiment includes a hydrogen storage tank 1, a phase change heat storage module, a magnesium cake hydrogen storage module, and a limit buffer mechanism; wherein,

[0038] The internal space of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is cylindrical and placed horizontally, that is, the axial direction of the internal space is parallel to the horizontal direction. The phase change thermal storage module and the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module are placed inside the hydrogen storage tank 1 and are limited by a limit buffer mechanism;

[0039] A gas port is provided on the wall of the hydrogen storage tank 1, into which a connecting pipe 4 is fitted. A filter 8 is fitted at one end of the connecting pipe 4, and a valve is fitted at the other end. The valve controls the on / off function of the connecting pipe 4, and the filter 8 prevents the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material powder inside the hydrogen storage tank 1 from overflowing when hydrogen is discharged.

[0040] The outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is wrapped with an electric heating cable 2, which is electrically connected to an external controller. The outside of the hydrogen storage tank 1 and the electric heating cable 2 are both covered with an insulation layer 3. The electric heating cable 2 is used to heat the hydrogen storage tank 1 initially, so that the internal environment of the hydrogen storage tank 1 reaches the hydrogen absorption temperature; or when the heat supplied by the phase change thermal storage module is insufficient to maintain the temperature inside the hydrogen storage tank 1 at the hydrogen release temperature, the electric heating cable 2 is used to supplement the heat.

[0041] The temperature of the electric heating tape 2 is controlled by an external controller, which adopts electromagnetic induction type or resistance type.

[0042] The heat-insulating layer 3 is used to keep the heat in a cool and dry place and prevent the heat from being lost.

[0043] A plurality of support legs 7 are mounted on the outer wall of the hydrogen storage tank 1 to support the hydrogen storage tank 1 .

[0044] The magnesium cake hydrogen storage module is used to absorb or release hydrogen. A single magnesium cake hydrogen storage module includes at least one magnesium cake 9. When multiple magnesium cakes 9 are provided in a single magnesium cake hydrogen storage module, two adjacent magnesium cakes 9 are separated by a first partition 11. Each magnesium cake 9 is disc-shaped.

[0045] The first separator 11 is made of copper, aluminum, or graphite. It is also disc-shaped, with a diameter equal to that of the magnesium cake 9. Since the magnesium cake 9 expands slightly after absorbing hydrogen, the thickness of the magnesium cake 9 increases. By separating two adjacent magnesium cakes 9, the first separator 11 can absorb some of the stress generated by the expansion of the magnesium cake 9, thus preventing stress concentration.

[0046] The phase change heat storage module is used to store energy when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module absorbs hydrogen and releases heat, and can release heat when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module releases hydrogen, thereby realizing energy recovery and reuse, high efficiency and energy saving;

[0047] A single phase-change thermal storage module comprises a hollow, disc-shaped housing 10. Several second baffles 12 are fitted inside the housing 10, dividing the interior of the housing 10 into a grid-like, independent storage space. Each storage space is filled with phase-change material. In this embodiment, the diameter of the housing 10 is slightly larger than that of the magnesium cake 9. The second baffles 12 prevent the phase-change material from absorbing heat and molten state by gravity and settling at the bottom of the housing 10. This ensures that the phase-change material is distributed as evenly as possible within the housing 10, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency.

[0048] The axial directions of the outer shell 10, magnesium cake 9, and first partition 11 are all parallel to the axial direction of the hydrogen storage tank 1. For a single magnesium cake 9, one circular surface mates with the circular surface of the outer shell 10 of the adjacent phase-change thermal storage module, and the other circular surface mates with the circular surface of the adjacent first partition 11. In this embodiment, each magnesium cake 9 is heated simultaneously by the phase-change material on both sides, which can increase the rate of axial heat transfer of the magnesium cake 9. Furthermore, heat exchange between the magnesium cake 9 and the phase-change thermal storage module is primarily carried out through heat conduction, which can improve energy transfer efficiency and accelerate response speed.

[0049] In this embodiment, the magnesium cake 9 is made of a magnesium-based alloy; the phase change material is a magnesium alloy material, which can collect and release heat energy in the range of 320°C-400°C, thereby realizing the reasonable recovery and reuse of energy generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction.

[0050] The limiting buffer mechanism is used to axially limit the phase change thermal storage module and the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module, and can produce a buffering effect when the hydrogen absorption of the magnesium cake 9 increases, further reducing the stress concentration problem inside the hydrogen storage tank 1; the interior of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is equipped with several limiting buffer mechanisms, which limit the phase change thermal storage module along the axial direction through the limiting buffer mechanisms.

[0051] A single limit buffer mechanism includes two spaced-apart support plates 5 connected by at least one spring 6. In this embodiment, one support plate 5 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 10 of the outermost phase-change thermal storage module, and the other support plate 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hydrogen storage tank 1. The two support plates 5 are connected by a spring 6, which acts as a buffer.

[0052] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0053] When the hydrogen storage device is started, the electric heating cable 2 is controlled by an external controller to heat the hydrogen storage tank 1 so that the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is within the phase change temperature range of the phase change material. Then the heating stops and the hydrogen storage device enters a stable working stage, which includes a hydrogen absorption working process and a hydrogen release working process.

[0054] The hydrogen absorption process includes the following steps:

[0055] Open the valve and introduce hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank 1 through the connecting pipe 4. When the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is higher than the equilibrium pressure of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material under its internal temperature conditions, the magnesium cake 9 inside the hydrogen storage tank 1 begins to absorb hydrogen and release heat.

[0056] At the same time, the phase change material gradually changes from a solid state to a molten state, thereby absorbing the heat released during the hydrogen absorption process of the magnesium cake 9, thereby ensuring that the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is stable within the phase change temperature range of the phase change material.

[0057] The hydrogen release process includes the following steps:

[0058] Open the valve to gradually reduce the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 1. When the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is lower than the equilibrium pressure of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material under its internal temperature conditions, the magnesium cake 9 inside the hydrogen storage tank 1 releases hydrogen, and the hydrogen is stably transported to the outside of the hydrogen storage tank 1 through the connecting pipe 4.

[0059] The magnesium cake 9 absorbs heat during the hydrogen release process, and the phase change material gradually changes from a molten state to a solid state, thereby releasing heat, thereby ensuring that the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is stable within the phase change temperature range of the phase change material.

[0060] The above description is an explanation of the utility model, not a limitation of the utility model. The scope of the utility model is defined by the claims. Any form of modification can be made within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device, characterized by: include: A hydrogen storage tank (1) is placed with its axial direction parallel to the horizontal direction; A plurality of phase-change heat storage modules are placed inside the hydrogen storage tank (1) and arranged at intervals, so that a storage space is formed between two adjacent phase-change heat storage modules; A plurality of magnesium cake hydrogen storage modules correspond one to one with the accommodating spaces and are filled in the corresponding accommodating spaces; The interior of each phase-change thermal storage module is filled with a phase-change material, which stores the heat released when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module absorbs hydrogen, thereby supplying heat energy when the magnesium cake hydrogen storage module releases hydrogen; A single phase-change heat storage module comprises a disk-shaped outer shell (10) with a hollow interior, wherein a plurality of second partitions (12) are installed inside the outer shell (10), and the inner space of the outer shell (10) is divided into a plurality of grid-shaped storage spaces by the second partitions (12), and each storage space is filled with a phase-change material; The interior of the hydrogen storage tank (1) is equipped with a plurality of position limiting buffer mechanisms, through which the phase change heat storage module is limited in the axial direction; a single position limiting buffer mechanism comprises two spaced support plates (5), and the two support plates (5) are connected by at least one spring (6).

2. The high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall surface of the hydrogen storage tank (1) is wound with an electric heating tape (2), and the electric heating tape (2) is electrically connected to an external controller. The outside of the hydrogen storage tank (1) and the electric heating tape (2) are simultaneously covered with an insulation layer (3).

3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of support legs (7) are mounted on the outer wall surface of the hydrogen storage tank (1), and the support legs (7) support the hydrogen storage tank (1).

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air port is provided on the wall of the hydrogen storage tank (1), a connecting pipe 4 (4) is installed in the air port, a filter (8) is installed at one end of the connecting pipe 4 (4), and a valve is installed at the other end of the connecting pipe 4 (4).

5. The high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single magnesium cake hydrogen storage module comprises at least one magnesium cake (9).

6. The high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: When a plurality of magnesium cakes (9) are provided in a single magnesium cake hydrogen storage module, two adjacent magnesium cakes (9) are separated by a first partition (11).

7. The high-efficiency and energy-saving magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first separator (11) is made of copper, aluminum or graphite.

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