Lathe

Abstract

The utility model relates to a lathe which is used for machining a workpiece with a first end and a second end, and the lathe comprises a base, a lathe head and a lathe body. The first spindle box is provided with a first chuck and a telescopic first ejector pin which is arranged at the central position of the first chuck; the second spindle box is provided with a second chuck and a telescopic second ejector pin arranged in the center of the second chuck, the first spindle box and the second spindle box are both provided with an axial direction and a radial direction and are coaxially and oppositely arranged, and at least one of the first spindle box and the second spindle box is movably installed on the base and can slide in the axial direction; the lathe has a first working mode and a second working mode, in the first working mode, the first chuck clamps and fixes the first end of the workpiece, and the second ejector pin abuts against the second end of the workpiece; and when the working mode is switched to the second working mode, the second chuck clamps and fixes the second end part of the workpiece, and the first ejector pin abuts against the first end part of the workpiece. In the turning process, the workpiece does not need to be taken down to turn the direction, and the operation process is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machine tools, and in particular to a lathe. Background Art

[0002] A lathe is a machine tool that mainly uses a turning tool to perform turning processing on rotating workpieces. It is mainly used to process shafts, disks, sleeves and other workpieces with rotating surfaces. It is widely used in mechanical manufacturing and repair factories.

[0003] Traditional machine tools consist of a rotary chuck and an ejector pin. Operators perform turning operations by clamping one end of a workpiece to the rotary chuck and securing the other end with the ejector pin. To machine the end of the workpiece secured to the rotary chuck, the end must be manually removed and repositioned, a cumbersome operation. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a lathe for the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The lathe of the present application is used for processing a workpiece having a first end and a second end, and is characterized in that the lathe comprises:

[0006] base;

[0007] a first spindle box having a first chuck and a retractable first ejector pin disposed at the center of the first chuck;

[0008] a second spindle box, the second spindle box having a second chuck and a retractable second thimble disposed at the center of the second chuck; the first spindle box and the second spindle box both having axial and radial directions, being coaxially arranged facing each other, and at least one of the two spindle boxes being movably mounted on the base and slidable along the axial direction;

[0009] The lathe has a first working mode and a second working mode. In the first working mode, the first end of the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the first chuck, and the second end of the workpiece is pushed against by the second ejector. When switching to the second working mode, the following steps are performed in sequence: the second ejector retracts, the second end of the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the second chuck, the first chuck is disengaged from the workpiece, and the first ejector pushes against the first end of the workpiece.

[0010] Several optional methods are also provided below, but they are not intended to be additional limitations on the above-mentioned overall solution. They are merely further supplements or optimizations. Under the premise that there are no technical or logical contradictions, each optional method can be combined separately for the above-mentioned overall solution, or multiple optional methods can be combined.

[0011] Optionally, the lathe includes a turning tool for turning the workpiece.

[0012] Optionally, the lathe includes a tool holder, which includes a first mounting frame that can slide along a first direction, and a second mounting frame mounted on the first mounting frame that can slide along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and the tool is set on the second mounting frame.

[0013] Optionally, the first direction is parallel to the axial direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the axial direction and has an inclination angle relative to a horizontal plane.

[0014] Optionally, the lathe includes a workpiece rack for carrying the workpiece, the workpiece rack includes a lower workpiece rack and an upper workpiece rack, and the upper workpiece rack can move horizontally along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the axial direction.

[0015] Optionally, the lower workpiece rack can be raised and lowered in a vertical direction.

[0016] Optionally, the lathe includes an intermediate workpiece rack, which is located between the lower workpiece rack and the upper workpiece rack and can move along a fourth direction parallel to the third direction.

[0017] Optionally, a rack and pinion transmission mechanism is provided between the lower workpiece rack and the upper workpiece rack.

[0018] Optionally, the upper work frame has a slot for carrying the workpiece.

[0019] The lathe of this application has at least the following technical effects:

[0020] The turning process of the lathe of the present application does not require removing the workpiece and changing its direction. By switching between the first working mode and the second working mode, the workpiece can be conveniently double-ended, which improves processing efficiency, simplifies the operating process of turning work, and helps to improve the processing accuracy of the lathe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a lathe in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of a lathe in one embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A top view of a lathe in one embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a lathe in one embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a lathe in one embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of the turning tool holder 500;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 5 An enlarged view of the workpiece holder 600;

[0028] Figure 8 A side view of a lathe in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] The reference numerals in the figures are described as follows:

[0030] 100, first spindle box; 110, first chuck; 120, first ejector;

[0031] 200, second spindle box; 210, second chuck; 220, second ejector;

[0032] 300, base; 400, workpiece; 410, first end; 420, second end;

[0033] 500, turning tool holder; 501, turning tool; 510, first mounting frame; 520, second mounting frame;

[0034] 600, workpiece rack; 610, lower workpiece rack; 611, rack; 620, upper workpiece rack; 621, notch; 622, gear; 630, middle workpiece rack;

[0035] 705, synchronous wheel; 710, first power mechanism; 720, second power mechanism; 730, first oil cylinder; 740, second oil cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it may be directly disposed on the other component or there may be an intermediate component.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0039] In this application, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly indicate the number or order of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] In this application, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a system, product or apparatus comprising a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements expressly listed but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such products or apparatuses.

[0041] In this application, the terms "corresponding," "corresponding," "matching," and "adapting," such as "B corresponding to A," "B corresponding to A," "A corresponds to B," or "B corresponds to A," indicate that B corresponds to A in shape, position, or function, and that B can be determined based on A. Determining B based on A does not mean determining B solely based on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0042] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; they can mean mechanical connection, electrical connection, or mutual communication; they can mean direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and they can enable internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 3An embodiment of the present application provides a lathe, which includes a base 300, a first spindle box 100, and a second spindle box 200. The first spindle box 100 has a first chuck 110 and a first retractable ejector pin 120 disposed at the center of the first chuck 110. The second spindle box 200 has a second chuck 210 and a second retractable ejector pin 220 disposed at the center of the second chuck 210. The first spindle box 100 and the second spindle box 200 both have axial and radial directions, and are coaxially arranged facing each other. At least one of them is movably mounted on the base 300 and can slide in the axial direction. For example, the first spindle box 100 is fixed to the base 300 of the lathe, and the second spindle box 200 can slide axially relative to the base 300.

[0044] The lathe has a first working mode and a second working mode; in the first working mode, the first chuck 110 clamps and fixes the workpiece 400, and the second ejector 220 pushes against the workpiece 400; in the second working mode, the second chuck 210 clamps and fixes the workpiece 400, and the first ejector 120 pushes against the workpiece 400.

[0045] The workpiece 400 can be a material, and either the first chuck 110 or the second chuck 210 can be a hydraulic chuck. In this embodiment, the first working mode and the second working mode can be switched during use. The workpiece includes a first end 410 and a second end 420. During turning, the operator uses the second ejector pin 220 to tighten and fix the second end 420 of the workpiece, and the first end 410 is clamped and fixed by the first chuck 110. At this time, the first working mode is entered, and the second end 420 of the workpiece can be turned. When the first end 410 of the workpiece needs to be turned, the second working mode is switched to, and the following steps are performed in sequence: the second ejector pin 220 retracts, the second end 420 of the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the second chuck 210, the first chuck 110 detaches from the workpiece, and the first ejector pin 120 is used to tighten the first end 410 of the workpiece. At this time, the second workpiece mode is entered.

[0046] The lathe of this embodiment does not need to remove the workpiece and change its direction during the turning process, and can conveniently perform double-end turning on the workpiece, thereby improving processing efficiency, simplifying the operating process of the turning work, and helping to improve the processing accuracy of the lathe.

[0047] See also Figure 4 and Figure 6In some embodiments, a lathe includes a turning tool 501 for turning a workpiece 400. The lathe includes a turning tool holder 500, which includes a first mounting frame 510 that can slide along a first direction D1, and a second mounting frame 520 mounted on the first mounting frame 510 and can slide along a second direction D2. The first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are perpendicular to each other. The turning tool 501 is mounted on the second mounting frame 520, and the second mounting frame 520 is provided with two turning tools 501, respectively, for turning the two ends of the workpiece. The first direction D1 is parallel to the axial direction (the axial direction of the coaxial first and second spindle boxes 100 and 200); the second direction D2 is perpendicular to the axial direction and has an inclination angle relative to the horizontal plane. During turning, after the first mounting frame 510 is positioned along the first direction D1, the second mounting frame 520 moves the turning tool 501 along the second direction D2 to approach the workpiece for turning.

[0048] See also Figure 5 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, a lathe includes a workpiece rack 600 for carrying a workpiece 400. The workpiece rack 600 includes a lower workpiece rack 610 and an upper workpiece rack 620. The upper workpiece rack 620 is movable horizontally along a third direction D3. The third direction D3 is perpendicular to the axial direction. The lower workpiece rack 610 can be raised and lowered in the vertical direction, thereby achieving the overall raising and lowering of the workpiece rack 600. The upper workpiece rack 620 has a notch 621 for carrying the workpiece 400, thereby functioning as a loading tray. Thus, the material can be transported between the first chuck 110 and the second chuck 210 via the upper workpiece rack 620, allowing the lathe to enter the first operating mode or the second operating mode, eliminating the need for handheld transport of the workpiece.

[0049] Furthermore, the lathe includes an intermediate workpiece rack 630, which is located between the lower workpiece rack 610 and the upper workpiece rack 620 and is movable along a fourth direction parallel to the third direction D3. A gear 622 and rack 611 transmission mechanism is provided between the lower workpiece rack 610 and the upper workpiece rack 620. For example, the lower workpiece rack 610 is provided with a rack 611, and the upper workpiece rack 620 is provided with a gear 622 that is in transmission engagement with the rack 611. It is understood that when the lower workpiece rack 610 is stationary, the upper workpiece rack 620 can move along the third direction D3 relative to the lower workpiece rack 610 through the transmission engagement between the rack 611 and the gear 622. The middle workpiece rack 630 can slide relative to both the lower workpiece rack 610 and the upper workpiece rack 620, and can follow the upper workpiece rack 620, so that the sliding distance of the upper workpiece rack 620 along the third direction D3 exceeds the length of the lower workpiece rack 610 along the third direction D3. Of course, the length of the rack 611 can be increased accordingly.

[0050] In the embodiments of the present application, relative slippage or sliding between any two bodies can be achieved by the cooperation of the slide rails and the slide grooves. When the lathe provided in the embodiments is a program-controlled CNC lathe, the power of the slippage can be achieved by the cooperation of the ball screw and the motor (such as a servo motor).

[0051] See also Figures 1 to 8 In some embodiments, the lathe includes a first power mechanism 710 for providing rotational force to the first chuck 110 of the first spindle box 100, for example, by a motor and a reducer configuration. The first power mechanism 710 transmits power to the first chuck 110 via a synchronous wheel 705 to drive its rotation. The lathe also includes a first oil cylinder 730 for driving the first ejector 120. The lathe includes a second power mechanism 720 for providing power to the second chuck 210 of the second spindle box 200, for example, by a motor and a reducer configuration. The second power mechanism 720 transmits power to the second chuck 210 via a synchronous wheel 705 to drive its rotation. The lathe also includes a second oil cylinder 740 for driving the second ejector 220.

[0052] When the lathe is used as a CNC lathe: (1) The material does not need to be manually lifted to the first chuck 110 or the second chuck 210. The workpiece can be transported to the designated location by placing it on the workpiece holder 600 that carries the workpiece 400. The loading and unloading of materials only needs to be placed in the tray, which saves time and effort and improves efficiency, and can realize automatic loading and unloading. Because it is equipped with an automatic loading and unloading function, the lathe has strong expandability and can be used on an assembly line. (2) When turning the material, when the first chuck 110 clamps the first end 410 of the workpiece, the second end 420 of the workpiece is processed; conversely, when the second chuck 210 clamps the second end 420 of the workpiece, the first end 410 of the workpiece is processed. There is no need for manual U-turn processing, and the material is automatically processed on both sides, which greatly improves efficiency and improves the processing accuracy of the equipment. The specific operating steps of the CNC lathe include:

[0053] In the first step, the workpiece is placed on the workpiece rack 600 . The CNC machine tool automatically controls the lifting and lowering of the lower workpiece rack 610 according to the input workpiece specifications, so that the workpiece reaches the height of the center of the first chuck 110 .

[0054] In the second step, the upper workpiece rack 620 of the workpiece rack 600 is automatically controlled to move along the third horizontal direction to deliver the workpiece to the center of the first chuck 110. The second ejector pin 220 is driven to push the workpiece into the first chuck 110, and the first chuck 110 is actuated to clamp the workpiece.

[0055] In the third step, the workpiece holder 600 automatically retracts. Entering the first working mode includes: driving the turning tool holder 500 to perform turning processing on the second end portion 420 of the workpiece according to the diameter and length of the input workpiece,

[0056] Step 4: Machining of the workpiece's second end 420 is complete. Switching from the first to the second operating mode involves retracting the second ejector pin 220, sliding the second spindle housing 200, and axially moving the second chuck 210 along with the second spindle housing 200. Based on the input workpiece length, the second chuck 210 moves to the gripping position and clamps the workpiece. The first chuck 110 disengages the workpiece, and the first ejector pin 120 extends to press against the workpiece's first end 410 (with the second spindle housing 200 sliding in coordination). This drives the toolholder 500 to perform turning on the workpiece's first end 410.

[0057] In step 5, the workpiece first end 410 is processed. The workpiece holder 600 is driven to move below the current position of the workpiece to recover the material. The second ejector pin 220 is driven to eject the material, which moves and falls onto the workpiece holder 600. The workpiece holder 600 automatically returns to wait for removal.

[0058] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be combined in any manner. To simplify the description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as no contradiction exists between these combinations of technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. When technical features of different embodiments are embodied in the same drawing, it can be deemed that the drawing also discloses examples of combinations of the various embodiments involved.

[0059] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and such modifications and improvements are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A lathe for machining a workpiece having a first end and a second end, characterized in that The lathe comprises: base; a first spindle box having a first chuck and a retractable first ejector pin disposed at the center of the first chuck; a second spindle box, the second spindle box having a second chuck and a retractable second thimble disposed at the center of the second chuck; the first spindle box and the second spindle box both having axial and radial directions, being coaxially arranged facing each other, and at least one of the two spindle boxes being movably mounted on the base and slidable along the axial direction; The lathe has a first working mode and a second working mode. In the first working mode, the first end of the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the first chuck, and the second end of the workpiece is pushed against by the second ejector. When switching to the second working mode, the following steps are performed in sequence: the second ejector retracts, the second end of the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the second chuck, the first chuck is disengaged from the workpiece, and the first ejector pushes against the first end of the workpiece.

2. The lathe according to claim 1, wherein The lathe includes a turning tool for turning the workpiece.

3. The lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that The lathe includes a tool holder, which includes a first mounting frame that can slide along a first direction, and a second mounting frame installed on the first mounting frame and can slide along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and the tool is set on the second mounting frame.

4. The lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that The first direction is parallel to the axial direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the axial direction and has an inclination angle relative to a horizontal plane.

5. The lathe according to claim 1, wherein The lathe includes a workpiece rack for carrying the workpiece, the workpiece rack includes a lower workpiece rack and an upper workpiece rack, and the upper workpiece rack can move horizontally along a third direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the axial direction.

6. The lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that The lower workpiece rack can be lifted and lowered in a vertical direction.

7. The lathe according to claim 5, wherein: The lathe includes an intermediate workpiece rack, which is located between the lower workpiece rack and the upper workpiece rack and is movable along a fourth direction parallel to the third direction.

8. The lathe according to claim 7, wherein: A rack and pinion transmission mechanism is provided between the lower workpiece rack and the upper workpiece rack.

9. The lathe according to claim 5, wherein: The upper workpiece rack has a slot for carrying the workpiece.

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