Multi-point floating type clamping positioning chuck

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of positioning and clamping tools, in particular to a multipoint floating type clamping positioning chuck which comprises a chuck body and a plurality of clamping jaws connected to the chuck body in a sliding mode, and the clamping jaws are evenly distributed on the chuck body along the circumference. A primary claw is rotationally connected to the clamping claw through a rotating pin, and a plurality of secondary claws are fixedly connected to the primary claw; a T-shaped groove is formed in the mother claw in the radial direction, a T-shaped block is connected into the T-shaped groove in a sliding mode, the son claw is fixed to the upper portion of the T-shaped block through a screw, and the installation position of the son claw on the mother claw can be adjusted in the radial direction. A tooth part is further arranged on the contact face of the primary claw and the secondary claw, the tooth part comprises a plurality of tooth grooves formed in the radial direction of the primary claw, and the tooth part of the primary claw and the tooth part of the secondary claw can be meshed with each other. According to the chuck, multi-point floating clamping and positioning can be conducted on thin-wall type workpieces of different sizes, the workpiece clamping precision, applicability and stability can be improved, and the roundness precision of the machined inner holes of the workpieces is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of positioning and clamping tooling, in particular to a multi-point floating clamping positioning chuck. Background Art

[0002] A positioning chuck is a positioning fixture used in mechanical manufacturing. Commonly used chucks are three-jaw chucks. As the name suggests, a three-jaw chuck has three jaws that clamp three points on the circumferential direction of the workpiece. An adjustment mechanism is provided inside the chuck body. Usually, the adjustment mechanism uses a bevel gear to drive a turntable to rotate. A flat thread is provided on the other side of the turntable, and the jaws are installed on the flat thread. Therefore, when the turntable rotates, the jaws on the flat thread can simultaneously approach the center of the turntable to achieve the function of clamping the workpiece.

[0003] When a traditional three-jaw chuck clamps a workpiece, it has three clamping points and a fixed clamping direction. However, this clamping method can cause deformation when machining the inner hole of a thin-walled workpiece. The reason is that the shape error of the outer circle of the workpiece before machining is large, and the three clamping points of the three-jaw chuck are fixed. The three jaws cannot guarantee uniform contact with the outer circumference of the workpiece blank during clamping. Therefore, in order to ensure the stability of the clamping, it is necessary to increase the clamping force so that the three jaws are in close contact with the outer circumference of the workpiece blank. However, this will cause the workpiece to deform after clamping. After machining the inner hole of the workpiece in the clamped and deformed state, the thin wall of the workpiece will rebound as soon as it is removed from the clamping jaws. This will cause the inner hole of the workpiece to rebound and deform, resulting in the problem of out-of-tolerance roundness of the workpiece inner hole. If the clamping pressure is too low, the workpiece cannot be clamped stably, which can easily cause the workpiece to detach from the machine tool and fly out during machining. In the prior art, there is a floating chuck that is used to solve the above-mentioned problem. For example, the prior art "floating jaw" (publication number: CN201271744Y) increases the clamping points by rotating the main floating jaw connected to the bottom jaw, and rotating multiple auxiliary floating jaws connected to the main floating jaw. When clamping the workpiece, the main floating jaw adjusts the clamping direction by rotating to achieve the effect of dispersing the clamping force and reducing the deformation of the workpiece. However, the prior art still has the following technical problems:

[0004] The secondary floating jaw in the prior art is fastened to the main floating jaw by a screw, and the position of the screw is fixed and cannot be adjusted. This results in the secondary floating jaw being able to clamp the workpiece with a limited diameter. It cannot complete the clamping of workpieces with a larger outer diameter, and its applicability is not high. At the same time, the secondary floating jaw in the prior art is fixed to the main floating jaw by a rotating pin. When clamping the workpiece, the rotating pin is subjected to a large radial shear force. During the processing, the rotating pin is prone to breakage, causing the clamping to loosen, resulting in an increased risk of the workpiece falling out during processing, and even causing the risk of injury. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a multi-point floating clamping positioning chuck, which can solve the problems of the positioning chuck in the prior art, such as the fixed clamping range, poor applicability, and easy loosening of the clamping during the workpiece processing, resulting in an increased risk of the workpiece falling out during the processing, and even the risk of injury.

[0006] The present application provides the following technical solution: a multi-point floating clamping positioning chuck, comprising a disc body and a plurality of claws slidably connected to the disc body, wherein the plurality of claws are evenly distributed along the circumference of the disc body;

[0007] The clamping claw is rotatably connected to a mother claw via a rotating pin, and a plurality of child claws are fixedly connected to the mother claw; a T-shaped slot is radially opened on the mother claw, a T-shaped block is slidably connected in the T-shaped slot, and the child claws are fixed to the top of the T-shaped block by screws, and the installation position of the child claws on the mother claw can be adjusted radially;

[0008] The contact surfaces of the female claw and the child claw are further provided with a tooth portion, which includes a plurality of tooth grooves arranged along the radial direction of the female claw, and the tooth portions of the female claw and the child claw can mesh with each other.

[0009] Beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. Strong flexibility and adaptability. The T-block can slide in the T-slot, driving the sub-jaw to move radially on the mother jaw to adjust the installation position, thereby adjusting the upper or lower clamping range of the sub-jaw. This allows the sub-jaw to ensure stable clamping for workpieces with different outer diameters, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the chuck.

[0011] 2. Strong clamping stability. The contact surfaces of the mother and child claws are provided with radially arranged teeth, and the teeth of the mother and child claws can mesh with each other. Therefore, when the child claw clamps the workpiece and is subjected to force, the bearing force will be evenly distributed to the tooth surface of each tooth groove of the tooth portion, thereby improving the stability of the child claw's clamping force. Compared with the existing technology that uses a rotating pin to bear the clamping force of the auxiliary floating claw throughout the entire process, this solution can improve the clamping strength of the child claw, extend the service life, and have stronger stability.

[0012] 3. High clamping and positioning accuracy. The mother jaw is equipped with multiple sub-jaws, each of which is a clamping point. When clamping the workpiece, multiple sub-jaws can disperse the clamping force, reducing the excessive clamping force of a single clamping point on the workpiece blank and causing local excessive deformation. At the same time, the mother jaw is rotatably connected to the clamping jaw. Therefore, when the sub-jaws contact a workpiece with an irregular outer shape, one of the sub-jaws will contact the workpiece first. Then, the mother jaw will rotate slightly due to the clamping force to adjust to the optimal clamping direction, and the other sub-jaw will contact the workpiece. In this way, the sub-jaws can achieve high-precision adaptive clamping according to the shape of the workpiece periphery, reduce the impact of the uneven shape of the workpiece periphery on the workpiece clamping processing, and improve the roundness qualification rate of the workpiece inner hole processing.

[0013] Furthermore, each mother claw is provided with two child claws, and the two child claws are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotating pin.

[0014] Beneficial effect: The sub-claws are symmetrically arranged on the mother claw relative to the rotating pin, so that when the sub-claws contact the workpiece, the clamping force can be evenly distributed to reduce the deformation of the workpiece during the clamping process and improve the dimensional processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0015] Furthermore, the installation position of the rotating pin is located at the center of the female claw.

[0016] Beneficial effect: When clamping the workpiece, the mother jaw rotates around the rotating pin to achieve floating adjustment of the clamping direction. Setting the rotating pin at the center of the mother jaw is conducive to ensuring the symmetry of the clamping points of each sub-jaw on the mother jaw, so that the clamping force of each sub-jaw is evenly distributed, improving the clamping stability and clamping accuracy.

[0017] Furthermore, the sub-claws are installed on the mother claws at the same circumference.

[0018] Beneficial effect: The sub-claws are installed on the same circumference of the mother claw, which can ensure that the clamping force of multiple sub-claws is distributed as evenly as possible on the periphery of the workpiece, reduce the deformation caused by excessive pressure on the periphery of the workpiece during clamping, and improve the clamping accuracy.

[0019] Furthermore, when the sub-claw is locked and fixed with the T-shaped block by means of screws, the gap between the T-shaped block and the bottom surface of the T-shaped slot is greater than the height of the tooth groove of the tooth portion.

[0020] Beneficial effect: The gap between the T-block and the bottom surface of the T-slot is greater than the height of the tooth groove, which can ensure that after loosening the screw, the teeth of the sub-claw can completely fall off the teeth of the female claw. At this time, there is still a gap between the T-block and the bottom surface of the T-slot, and the teeth will not interfere with the sliding of the T-block, which facilitates the convenience of improving the position adjustment of the sub-claw on the female claw. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is the main view of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Orientation view in direction A.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The view without the T-block and claws.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the BB. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0026] The symbols in the drawings of the specification include: disc body 1, claw 2, female claw 3, male claw 4, rotating pin 5, tooth portion 51, T-slot 6, T-block 7, screw 8.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a multi-point floating clamping positioning chuck includes a disc body 1 and a plurality of claws 2 slidably connected to the disc body 1. This embodiment is a three-jaw chuck with three claws 2, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the disc body 1. The disc body 1 is fixed to the machine tool, and the connection structure between the disc body 1 and the claws 2 is prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0029] Each claw 2 is rotatably connected to a female claw 3 via a rotating pin 5. The female claw 3 is fan-shaped, and the installation position of the rotating pin 5 is located at the center of the female claw 3. The surface of the female claw 3 is fixedly connected to two sub-claws 4 by screws 8, and the two sub-claws 4 are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotating pin 5. Figure 2 As shown, a T-slot 6 is radially opened on the female claw 3, and a T-block 7 is slidably connected in the T-slot 6. The protrusion of the T-block 7 extends out of the notch of the T-slot 6 and contacts the bottom surface of the child claw 4, and is then locked with the child claw 4 by a screw 8. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the contact surfaces of the mother jaw 3 and the child jaw 4 are further provided with a tooth portion 51. The tooth portion 51 comprises a plurality of tooth grooves arranged radially along the mother jaw 3. When the screw 8 secures the child jaw 4 to the T-block 7, the tooth portions 51 of the mother jaw 3 and the child jaw 4 tightly engage with each other. The child jaws 4 are all mounted on the mother jaw 3 on the same circumference to ensure that the clamping force of the multiple child jaws 4 is distributed as evenly as possible around the periphery of the workpiece, reducing deformation caused by excessive pressure on the periphery of the workpiece during clamping and improving clamping accuracy.

[0030] Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present invention, after the sub-claw 4 and the T-block 7 are locked, the gap between the T-block 7 and the bottom surface of the T-slot 6 is greater than the height of the tooth groove of the tooth portion 51, so that after loosening the screw 8, the tooth portion 51 of the sub-claw 4 can be completely detached from the tooth portion 51 of the mother claw 3, and at this time there is still a gap between the T-block 7 and the bottom surface of the T-slot 6, so that the T-block 7 and the sub-claw 4 are still connected, and the tooth portion 51 will not interfere with the sliding of the T-block 7, thereby facilitating the convenience of adjusting the position of the sub-claw 4 on the mother claw 3.

[0031] The workpiece clamping principle of this positioning plate is as follows:

[0032] Since the outer peripheral shape of the workpiece blank is not a standard circle and has a certain amount of deformation, when the workpiece is placed between the sub-claws 4, one of the sub-claws 4 will contact the workpiece first, and then the mother claw 3 will rotate slightly due to the force to adjust to the best clamping direction, so as to adjust to the best clamping direction, and then the other sub-claw 4 will contact the workpiece. In this way, the sub-claws 4 can achieve high-precision adaptive clamping according to the shape of the workpiece periphery, reduce the impact of the uneven shape of the workpiece periphery on the workpiece clamping processing, and improve the roundness qualification rate of the workpiece inner hole processing.

[0033] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the field involved in this implementation case. Common knowledge such as the specific structure and characteristics of the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention. These will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-point floating clamping positioning chuck, comprising a chuck body and a plurality of claws slidably connected to the chuck body, wherein the plurality of claws are evenly distributed along the circumference of the chuck body; characterized in that: The clamping claw is rotatably connected to a mother claw via a rotating pin, and a plurality of child claws are fixedly connected to the mother claw; a T-shaped slot is radially opened on the mother claw, a T-shaped block is slidably connected in the T-shaped slot, and the child claws are fixed to the top of the T-shaped block by screws, and the installation position of the child claws on the mother claw can be adjusted radially; The contact surfaces of the female claw and the child claw are further provided with a tooth portion, which includes a plurality of tooth grooves arranged along the radial direction of the female claw, and the tooth portions of the female claw and the child claw can mesh with each other.

2. The multi-point floating clamping positioning chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each mother claw is provided with two child claws, and the two child claws are symmetrically arranged relative to the rotating pin.

3. The multi-point floating clamping positioning chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The installation position of the rotating pin is located at the center of the female claw.

4. The multi-point floating clamping positioning chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The installation positions of the sub-claws on the mother claws are all on the same circumference.

5. The multi-point floating clamping positioning chuck according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the sub-claw is locked and fixed with the T-shaped block by means of screws, the gap between the T-shaped block and the bottom surface of the T-shaped slot is greater than the height of the tooth groove of the tooth portion.

Images