Bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic mitigation and isolation support and seismic mitigation bridge

Abstract

The utility model provides a bridge elastic-plastic steel shock absorption and isolation support and a shock absorption bridge, and relates to the field of bridge supports, the bridge elastic-plastic steel shock absorption and isolation support comprises a top plate, a sliding assembly, a bottom plate and an elastic-plastic steel element, the sliding assembly is located between the top plate and the bottom plate, and the elastic-plastic steel element is located between the bottom plate and the top plate. A friction pair is formed between the top plate and the sliding assembly, and a friction pair is formed between the bottom plate and the sliding assembly; the top plate is provided with a retainer, and the retainer can be matched with the sliding assembly in a limiting mode so as to limit the sliding distance of the sliding assembly relative to the top plate. The elastic-plastic steel element is in a bent shape, the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element is connected with the sliding assembly, and the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element is connected with the bottom plate. Compared with the prior art, the supporting seat has the advantages that the horizontal rigidity of the supporting seat is increased, the damping and energy dissipation effects of a bridge are improved, the service life of the supporting seat is longer, and the supporting seat is convenient to use. And the safety is also higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of bridge supports, in particular to an elastic-plastic steel shock-isolating support for a bridge and a shock-absorbing bridge. Background Art

[0002] Bridge bearings are a critical component in bridge engineering. Friction-type seismic isolation bearings achieve their isolation function through the principle of spherical core swing. Specifically, they utilize the friction surface for vibration reduction and energy dissipation, and the swinging motion for seismic isolation. They have a wide range of applications, particularly in the bridge sector, including precast beams, steel bridges, continuous beam bridges with high load-bearing capacity, arch bridges, and prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridges. They are also widely used in other fields.

[0003] Under the influence of earthquakes, bridges experience large displacements, and friction pendulum bearings, which connect the upper and lower structures of bridges, are also prone to significant horizontal displacement. Existing friction pendulum bearings rely primarily on sliding friction to dissipate seismic energy. However, their low horizontal stiffness and low sliding friction result in poor seismic energy absorption and dissipation. This can easily cause the bearing's horizontal displacement to exceed its maximum design capacity, leading to damage and posing a safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing and a shock-absorbing bridge.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing comprises a top plate, a sliding assembly, a bottom plate and an elastic-plastic steel element, wherein:

[0007] The sliding assembly is located between the top plate and the bottom plate, and a friction pair is formed between the top plate and the sliding assembly, and between the bottom plate and the sliding assembly;

[0008] The top plate is provided with a stopper, which can cooperate with the sliding assembly to limit the sliding distance of the sliding assembly relative to the top plate;

[0009] The elastic-plastic steel element is curved, a first end of the elastic-plastic steel element is connected to the sliding assembly, and a second end of the elastic-plastic steel element is connected to the bottom plate.

[0010] Preferably, the curvature of the elastic-plastic steel element gradually increases from the sliding assembly side to the bottom plate side;

[0011] And / or, the elastic-plastic steel element is bent into an elliptical arc shape.

[0012] Preferably, the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element is pivotally connected to the sliding assembly;

[0013] And / or, the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element is pivotally connected to the bottom plate.

[0014] Preferably, the base plate is provided with an anchor hole, an external connecting column is provided in the anchor hole, the first end of the external connecting column is located on the side of the base plate facing the top plate, the second end of the external connecting column is located on the side of the base plate away from the top plate, the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element is connected to the first end of the external connecting column, and the second end of the external connecting column is used to be connected to the bridge pier.

[0015] Preferably, the sliding assembly is provided with an inner connecting column, the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element is hinged to the inner connecting column, and the inner connecting column is provided with a first fastener, which presses the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element until the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element is limitedly engaged with the inner connecting column;

[0016] And / or, the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element is hinged to the external connecting column, and the external connecting column is provided with a second fastener, which presses the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element until the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element is limitedly engaged with the external connecting column.

[0017] Preferably, the number of the elastic-plastic steel elements is four, the lines connecting the connection points of the four elastic-plastic steel elements and the sliding assembly form a first square, and the lines connecting the connection points of the four elastic-plastic steel elements and the bottom plate form a second square;

[0018] The geometric centers of the first square and the second square coincide with each other, and the straight lines where the diagonals of the first square and the second square lie coincide with each other, and the second square has a first diagonal and a second diagonal;

[0019] The first end of the elastic-plastic steel element is located at the first diagonal line, and the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element is located at the second diagonal line.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom plate is provided with a limiting member, and the limiting member cooperates with the sliding assembly to limit the sliding assembly from sliding relative to the bottom plate;

[0021] A shear bolt is connected between the limiting member and the bottom plate to fix the limiting member to the bottom plate.

[0022] Preferably, the shear bolt is threadedly engaged with the base plate, the limiting member is provided with a limiting hole, the shear bolt is slidingly engaged with the limiting hole, and the shear bolt is axially limitedly engaged with the limiting member in the shear bolt, so that the limiting member is fixed to the base plate;

[0023] And / or, the shear bolt is provided with a shear notch, so that the shear bolt breaks at the shear notch position under the design load, and the shear notch is located at the contact point between the limiter and the base plate;

[0024] And / or, the shear bolt is provided with a replacement notch, at least a portion of the replacement notch is located at the contact point between the shear bolt and the base plate, and at least a portion of the replacement notch extends to the fracture point of the shear bolt, so that the shear bolt that is fractured into the base plate can be removed through the replacement notch;

[0025] And / or, the limiting member is provided with a countersunk groove, the head of the shear bolt is located in the countersunk groove, and the distance between the head of the shear bolt and the opening of the countersunk groove is greater than 0.

[0026] Preferably, the sliding assembly includes an intermediate plate and a spherical crown plate, the spherical crown plate is located between the intermediate plate and the top plate, a curved friction pair is formed between the spherical crown plate and the intermediate plate, and a flat friction pair is formed between the spherical crown plate and the top plate;

[0027] Alternatively, the sliding assembly includes an intermediate plate and an elastic plate, the elastic plate is located between the intermediate plate and the top plate, a planar friction pair is formed between the elastic plate and the top plate, and the elastic plate and the intermediate plate are fixedly connected.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides a shock-absorbing bridge, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0029] A shock-absorbing bridge comprises the bridge elastic-plastic steel shock-absorbing and isolating bearing described in the above technical solution.

[0030] The utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0031] This application incorporates elastic-plastic steel elements to constrain the baseplate and sliding assembly, enhancing the horizontal force transmission between them and meeting the requirements for normal bridge operation. This design increases the horizontal stiffness of the bearings, improves the bridge's shock absorption and energy dissipation, and effectively prevents the bearings' horizontal displacement from exceeding their maximum design displacement. This results in a longer bearing lifespan and greater safety.

[0032] Furthermore, this application can compensate for temperature and seismic displacement. Under normal circumstances, when thermal expansion and contraction cause minor displacements between the bridge and the piers, the sliding assembly can slide relative to the top plate to compensate for these minor displacements and ensure the normal operation of the bridge. In the event of an earthquake, the vibration reduction function is achieved through the planar friction between the sliding assembly and the top plate and the bending deformation of the elastic-plastic steel elements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a first structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a second structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the top plate in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a second structural diagram of the top plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 5 is a top view of an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of an elastic-plastic steel element in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic-plastic steel element in the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 8 is an axonometric view of an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom plate in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shear bolt in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a third schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 13 This is the fourth structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] The following are marked in the figure:

[0048] 100, top plate; 110, stopper; 200, sliding assembly; 210, middle plate; 211, inner connecting column; 212, second limiting platform; 220, spherical crown plate; 230, elastic plate; 231, connecting plate; 232, rubber pad; 300, bottom plate; 310, limiting member; 311, limiting hole; 312, countersunk; 320, shear bolt; 321, shear notch; 322, replacement notch; 330, anchor hole; 340, outer connecting column; 341, first limiting platform; 400, elastic-plastic steel element; 500, first fastener; 600, second fastener; 610, pressure plate; 620, pressure bolt; 700, first square; 800, second square; 810, first diagonal; 820, second diagonal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," and the like are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects; for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects connected are in an "or" relationship.

[0051] The following combination Figures 1 to 13 The elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing and the shock-absorbing bridge provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0052] The first aspect of this embodiment provides a detailed description of an elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing for a bridge.

[0053] The present application provides a bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing, which can be used for a bridge. Exemplarily, the bridge includes a bridge and a pier, and the seismic isolation bearing is arranged between the bridge and the pier.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2The seismic isolation bearing includes a top plate 100, a sliding assembly 200, a bottom plate 300 and an elastic-plastic steel element 400. The sliding assembly 200 is located between the top plate 100 and the bottom plate 300, and a friction pair is formed between the top plate 100 and the sliding assembly 200, and between the bottom plate 300 and the sliding assembly 200. Exemplarily, a plane sliding friction pair is formed between the top plate 100 and the sliding assembly 200, and a plane sliding friction pair is formed between the bottom plate 300 and the sliding assembly 200. Of course, in some embodiments, the friction pairs formed between the top plate 100 and the sliding assembly 200 and between the bottom plate 300 and the sliding assembly 200 may be the same or different, or may be the same in some working states and different in some working states.

[0055] For example, during normal operation, a planar sliding friction pair is formed between the top plate 100 and the sliding assembly 200, and a planar static friction pair is formed between the sliding assemblies 200 and the bottom plate 300. During an earthquake, a planar sliding friction pair is formed between the top plate 100 and the sliding assembly 200, and a planar sliding friction pair is formed between the sliding assemblies 200 and the bottom plate 300. It will be appreciated that the friction pairs formed between the top plate 100 and the sliding assembly 200, and between the bottom plate 300 and the sliding assembly 200, can be adjusted based on actual needs and operating conditions.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 In some embodiments, the top plate 100 is provided with a stopper 110, which can cooperate with the sliding assembly 200 to limit the sliding distance of the sliding assembly 200 relative to the top plate 100. For example, the stopper 110 is provided around the top plate 100 (refer to Figure 3 ), the engagement portion between the sliding assembly 200 and the top plate 100 is located within the area enclosed by the stopper 110 on the top plate 100, i.e., when the sliding assembly 200 slides relative to the top plate 100, it can only slide within the area enclosed by the stopper 110. In some embodiments, the stopper 110 is a continuously extending component, i.e., the stopper 110 is an annular component (refer to Figure 3 ), when the sliding assembly 200 slides relative to the top plate 100, it can only move in the inner circle of the annular component. In some embodiments, the stopper 110 is provided with multiple components at intervals (refer to Figure 4), and the distance between the multiple components is less than the dimension of the sliding fit between the sliding assembly 200 and the top plate 100, so that the sliding assembly 200 will not slide out from between adjacent stoppers 110, thereby confining the sliding assembly 200 to the area enclosed by the multiple stoppers 110. In some embodiments, the stoppers 110 are integrally provided on the top plate 100, for example, by integrally manufacturing the stoppers 110 on the top plate 100 or by providing a groove on the top plate 100 so that the protruding portion of the top plate 100 forms the stoppers 110. In some embodiments, the stoppers 110 are fixed to the top plate 100, for example, by being fixed to the top plate 100 by bolts or welded to the top plate 100.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 12 In some embodiments, the area enclosed by the stopper 110 on the top plate 100 is larger than the size of the joint between the sliding assembly 200 and the top plate 100, so that the sliding assembly 200 can slide or rotate relative to the top plate 100. That is, after the sliding assembly 200 slides relative to the top plate 100 until it contacts the stopper 110, the stopper 110 will prevent the sliding assembly 200 from sliding relative to the top plate 100. When the sliding assembly 200 is not in contact with the stopper 110, the sliding assembly 200 can slide relative to the top plate 100.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 In some embodiments, the stopper 110 abuts against the sliding assembly 200 in one or more directions. For example, the stopper 110 abuts against the sliding assembly 200 in a first direction (e.g. Figure 1 For example, the sliding assembly 200 cannot slide relative to the top plate 100 in the first direction, while the sliding assembly 200 can slide relative to the top plate 100 in the second direction (for example Figure 2 As shown), when the sliding assembly 200 slides relative to the top plate 100 in the second direction until it contacts the stopper 110, the stopper 110 can limit the sliding assembly 200 to prevent the sliding assembly 200 from continuing to slide relative to the top plate 100 in the second direction.

[0059] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 13 In some embodiments, the sliding assembly 200 can rotate relative to the top plate 100. For example, the portion of the sliding assembly 200 that connects to the top plate 100 is a cylindrical structure, and the stopper 110 is disposed around the cylindrical structure, with the stopper 110 being in contact with the outer ring of the cylindrical structure. It will be understood that, under the action of the stopper 110, the sliding assembly 200 cannot slide relative to the top plate 100 in the first direction or the second direction, but the sliding assembly 200 can rotate relative to the top plate 100 along the axis of the cylinder.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 、 Figure 7 In some embodiments, the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is curved. For example, the elastic-plastic steel element 400 may be in the shape of a circular arc, an elliptical arc, or a parabola. The first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is connected to the sliding assembly 200, and the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is connected to the base plate 300. For example, the elastic-plastic steel element 400 has a lengthwise direction and is curved in the lengthwise direction. The first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is one endpoint of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 along the lengthwise direction, and the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is the other endpoint of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 along the lengthwise direction.

[0061] This design causes the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to deform when the sliding assembly 200 moves relative to the base plate 300. This plastic deformation of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 absorbs and dissipates significant amounts of energy, thereby providing a cushioning effect. The curved shape of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 distributes external forces over a larger area of the element 400, thereby reducing localized stress concentrations within the element 400. When subjected to force, the geometry of a curved structure alters the force transmission path, directing the force along the curved direction, thereby increasing the structure's flexibility and energy absorption capacity. This shape effectively cushions impact forces and reduces vibration and displacement. When subjected to impact, the curved elastic-plastic steel element 400 buckles and bends. This deformation absorbs energy and converts it into heat and other forms of energy, providing shock absorption and energy absorption. During the buckling and bending process, the internal molecular structure of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 changes, dissipating energy. The curved elastic-plastic steel element 400 can withstand repeated use under multiple shocks and vibrations without rapidly diminishing its energy absorption and cushioning properties. Steel exhibits excellent fatigue strength and maintains good performance under multiple cyclic loads, providing sustained cushioning and energy absorption over extended use.

[0062] Reference Figure 5 、 Figure 6 According to an optional embodiment, the curvature of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 gradually increases from the sliding assembly 200 side to the base plate 300 side. That is, the curvature of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 gradually increases from the first end to the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400. In other words, the curvature of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 near the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is smaller, while the curvature of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 near the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is larger. When the elastic-plastic steel element 400 with a gradually increasing curvature is subjected to force, it will first deform in the part with smaller curvature. As the external force increases, the deformation gradually extends to the part with larger curvature. This gradual deformation process can absorb energy in stages, making the energy absorption smoother and more efficient.

[0063] Reference Figure 5 、 Figure 7 According to an optional embodiment, the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is bent into an elliptical arc shape. An elliptical arc is a portion of an ellipse, and the bent shape of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is a partial elliptical shape. Because the curvature of an ellipse varies, the curvature of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 gradually increases or decreases. The elliptical arc-shaped elastic-plastic steel element 400 is visually more aesthetically pleasing and suitable for a variety of engineering and architectural designs. In addition, the elliptical arc-shaped elastic-plastic steel element 400 offers a certain degree of flexibility in design and manufacturing, and its curvature and radian can be adjusted according to specific needs to accommodate different engineering requirements.

[0064] As the curvature of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 gradually increases, the stress distribution under the action of external force becomes more uniform. The stress is dispersed throughout the steel column, reducing stress concentration points, thereby reducing the risk of local material damage and extending the service life of the steel column. The design of gradually increasing curvature allows the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to absorb different magnitudes of energy during the deformation process at different stages, increasing the overall energy absorption capacity. This multi-stage energy absorption mechanism can better cope with shocks and vibrations of different intensities. The gradual increase in the curvature of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 means that the deformation path is extended, which allows the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to have more deformation space when subjected to force, and can absorb more energy within a larger deformation range, thereby providing a stronger buffering effect.

[0065] This structure automatically adjusts its deformation according to the magnitude of the external force. When the external force is small, the deformation is primarily concentrated in the area with less curvature; when the external force is larger, the deformation gradually expands to the area with greater curvature, thus achieving adaptive cushioning and energy absorption. When subjected to force, the bending and deformation of the elastic-plastic steel element 400, with its gradually increasing curvature, effectively slows the transmission of the external force and reduces the peak impact force, thereby providing excellent shock absorption and protecting the stability and safety of the entire system.

[0066] Connecting the elastic-plastic steel element 400 with a gradually increasing bending curvature between the sliding assembly 200 and the base plate 300 can provide significant energy absorption and buffering advantages through its gradual energy absorption, stress dispersion, flexible response, improved energy absorption capacity, extended deformation path, adaptive deformation and shock absorption effects, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the overall structure.

[0067] Reference Figure 5 On the other hand, when there are multiple elastic-plastic steel elements 400, the elastic-plastic steel elements 400 may interfere with adjacent elastic-plastic steel elements 400 during deformation. However, by setting the curvature of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to gradually increase, the elastic-plastic steel element 400 will not interfere with adjacent elastic-plastic steel elements 400 when deforming.

[0068] Reference Figure 5 、 Figure 7 According to an optional embodiment, the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is pivotally connected to the sliding assembly 200 .

[0069] According to an optional embodiment, the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is pivotally connected to the base plate 300. Pivoting the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to the sliding assembly 200 and the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to the base plate 300 allows the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to rotate freely at the first and second ends. During deformation, this reduces stress concentration at the connection, lowering the risk of material fatigue and fracture at the connection.

[0070] Reference Figure 6 、 Figure 8 According to an optional embodiment, the base plate 300 is provided with an anchor hole 330, within which an external connecting post 340 is disposed. The first end of the external connecting post 340 is located on the side of the base plate 300 facing the top plate 100, and the second end of the external connecting post 340 is located on the side of the base plate 300 facing away from the top plate 100. The anchor hole 330 is designed to be just sufficient to secure the base plate 300 to the bridge pier (specifically, the pier's backing stone), thereby integrally connecting the base plate 300 and the pier. Specifically, the external connecting post 340 is inserted into the anchor hole 330, and the external connecting post 340 and the base plate 300 are positioned at the axial upper limit of the external connecting post 340. A connecting hole is then formed in the bridge pier (specifically, the pier's backing stone), and the second end of the external connecting post 340 extends into and is secured thereto, thereby connecting the base plate 300 to the pier.

[0071] In some embodiments, the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is connected to the first end of the external connecting column 340. The external connecting column 340 not only secures the base plate 300 to the bridge pier, but also connects the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to the base plate 300. This not only improves the structural compactness of the shock-absorbing bearing but also eliminates the need for additional components on the base plate 300 for connecting the elastic-plastic steel element 400, thereby enhancing the strength of the base plate 300. This can, to a certain extent, mitigate the strength issues that can arise from having numerous holes in the base plate 300 (for mounting connecting components to the elastic-plastic steel element 400).

[0072] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2According to an optional embodiment, the sliding assembly 200 is provided with an inner connecting post 211, and the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is hingedly connected to the inner connecting post 211. Hinging the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to the inner connecting post 211 allows the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to deform in its bending direction when deforming, thereby, to a certain extent, preventing the elastic-plastic steel element 400 from being easily damaged when deforming and bending in multiple directions.

[0073] Reference Figure 6 、 Figure 8 In some embodiments, the inner connecting column 211 is provided with a first fastener 500. The first fastener 500 compresses the first end of the elasto-plastic steel element 400 until the first end of the elasto-plastic steel element 400 engages with the inner connecting column 211 in an axially constrained manner. The first fastener 500 compresses the elasto-plastic steel element 400 axially along the inner connecting column 211, thereby generating prestress in the axial direction. When the elasto-plastic steel element 400 deforms, this prestress effectively prevents axial displacement along the inner connecting column 211, causing deformation to occur primarily in the bending direction.

[0074] According to an optional embodiment, the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is hingedly connected to the outer connecting post 340. By hingedly connecting the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 to the outer connecting post 340, when the elastic-plastic steel element 400 deforms, it can deform primarily in the bending direction, thereby, to a certain extent, avoiding damage that may be caused by bending deformation of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 in multiple directions.

[0075] Reference Figure 6 、 Figure 8 In some embodiments, the outer connecting column 340 is provided with a second fastener 600. The second fastener 600 compresses the second end of the elasto-plastic steel element 400 until the second end of the elasto-plastic steel element 400 engages with the outer connecting column 340 in an axially limited manner. The second fastener 600 compresses the elasto-plastic steel element 400 axially along the outer connecting column 340, thereby generating prestress in the axial direction. When the elasto-plastic steel element 400 deforms, this prestress effectively prevents axial displacement along the inner connecting column 211, causing deformation to occur primarily in the bending direction.

[0076] Reference Figure 6 、 Figure 8In some embodiments, the first fastener 500 and the second fastener 600 have the same structure, both including a pressure plate 610 and a pressure bolt 620. A first connection hole is provided at the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400, and a second connection hole is provided at the second end. The outer connection column 340 is inserted into the second connection hole, and the inner connection column 211 is inserted into the first connection hole. A first limit platform 341 (combined with Figure 1 As shown), a second limiting platform 212 is provided on the surface of the protruding inner connecting column 211 (combined with Figure 1 As shown). When the inner connecting post 211 is in the first connecting hole, the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 abuts the second limit platform 212; when the outer connecting post 340 is in the second connecting hole, the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 abuts the first limit platform 341. The distance between the first limit platform 341 and the end of the outer connecting post 340 is less than the depth of the second connecting hole, and the distance between the second limit platform 212 and the end of the inner connecting post 211 is less than the depth of the first connecting hole. At the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400, the pressure plate 610 is in contact with the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400. The pressure bolt 620 passes through the pressure plate 610 and is threadedly connected to the inner connecting post 211. By rotating the pressure bolt 620, the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 can be pressed against the second limit platform 212, so that the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 and the second limit platform 212 are stopped in the axial direction of the inner connecting post 211. At the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400, the pressure plate 610 is fitted with the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400, and the pressure bolt 620 passes through the pressure plate 610 and is threadedly connected to the external connecting column 340. By rotating the pressure bolt 620, the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 can be pressed against the first limit platform 341, so that the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 and the first limit platform 341 are stopped in the axial direction of the external connecting column 340.

[0077] It is understandable that, referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the first limiting platform 341 can be integrally provided on the outer connecting column 340, or the first limiting platform 341 can be provided on the base plate 300. In the accompanying drawings, the first limiting platform 341 is provided on the outer connecting column 340 as an example. The second limiting platform 212 can be integrally provided on the inner connecting column 211, or the second limiting platform 212 can be provided on the sliding assembly 200. In the accompanying drawings, the second limiting platform 212 is provided on the sliding assembly 200 as an example.

[0078] Reference Figure 5 、 Figure 8As shown, according to an optional embodiment, there are four elastic-plastic steel elements 400. The lines connecting the connection points of the four elastic-plastic steel elements 400 with the sliding assembly 200 form a first square 700, and the lines connecting the connection points of the four elastic-plastic steel elements 400 with the base plate 300 form a second square 800. The geometric centers of the first square 700 and the second square 800 coincide, and the straight lines on which the diagonals of the first square 700 and the second square 800 lie coincident. The second square 800 has a first diagonal 810 and a second diagonal 820. The first end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is located on the first diagonal 810, and the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 is located on the second diagonal 820. That is, the first end and the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element 400 are not on the same diagonal line of the second square 800. The four elastic-plastic steel elements 400 are staggered and connected in this manner, so that larger elastic-plastic steel elements 400 can be accommodated in an area of the same size, thereby improving the energy absorption of the elastic-plastic steel elements 400 .

[0079] Reference Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown, according to an optional embodiment, the bottom plate 300 is provided with a limit member 310. The limit member 310 cooperates with the sliding assembly 200 to limit the sliding movement of the sliding assembly 200 relative to the bottom plate 300. Limiting the sliding movement of the sliding assembly 200 relative to the bottom plate 300 means restricting the sliding assembly 200 so that it cannot slide relative to the bottom plate 300. In normal circumstances, limiting the sliding movement of the sliding assembly 200 relative to the bottom plate 300 allows relative movement between the top plate 100 and the sliding assembly 200 to compensate for the deformation caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the bridge.

[0080] Reference Figure 8 、 Figure 9As shown, in some embodiments, shear bolts 320 are connected between the stopper 310 and the base plate 300 to secure the stopper 310 to the base plate 300. Exemplarily, the stopper 310 is connected to the base plate 300 via the shear bolts 320. When the shear bolts 320 are removed or broken, the stopper 310 separates from the base plate 300. During earthquakes, significant displacement between the bridge and the piers may occur, which the sliding assembly 200 cannot fully compensate for. Under the action of the stopper 110, the top plate 100 and the sliding assembly 200 move together relative to the base plate 300. When the applied force exceeds a certain limit, the shear bolts 320 break, causing the stopper 310 to separate from the base plate 300. At this point, the top plate 100 and the sliding assembly 200 continue to move relative to the base plate 300, compensating for the significant displacement between the bridge and the piers. During this process, the elastic-plastic steel element 400 gradually deforms to absorb energy, cushioning the impact of earthquakes on the bridge and ensuring a consistently secure connection between the bridge and the piers. The design of the limiter 310 and shear bolt 320 makes the seismic isolation bearing suitable for both daily use and effectiveness during earthquakes.

[0081] Reference Figure 9 、 Figure 10 As shown, according to an optional embodiment, the shear bolt 320 is threadedly engaged with the base plate 300, the limiting member 310 is provided with a limiting hole 311, the shear bolt 320 is slidably engaged with the limiting hole 311, and the shear bolt 320 and the limiting member 310 are axially limited in the shear bolt 320 so that the limiting member 310 is fixed to the base plate 300. Exemplarily, the shear bolt 320 is composed of a head and an insertion part, and the head is larger in size. When in use, the insertion part of the shear bolt 320 is passed through the limiting hole 311 and is threadedly connected to the base. The head of the shear bolt 320 will apply pressure to the limiting member 310, pressing it tightly and fixing it on the base. When the shear bolt 320 breaks, the remaining part of the shear bolt 320 located in the limiting hole 311 can be easily removed, which is convenient for maintenance after the earthquake, and the limiting member 310 can be re-fixed on the base.

[0082] Reference Figure 10 、 Figure 11 As shown, according to an optional embodiment, the shear bolt 320 is provided with a shear notch 321, so that the shear bolt 320 breaks at the location of the shear notch 321 under the design load. The shear notch 321 is located at the contact point between the stopper 310 and the base plate 300. Specifically, the shear notch 321 is provided around the shear bolt 320. In some embodiments, there are multiple shear notches 321, and the multiple shear notches 321 are arranged at intervals along the circumference or axial direction of the shear bolt 320. In some embodiments, the shear notches 321 are flared.

[0083] Reference Figure 10 、 Figure 11As shown, according to an optional embodiment, the shear bolt 320 is provided with a replacement notch 322. At least a portion of the replacement notch 322 is located at the contact point between the shear bolt 320 and the base plate 300, and at least a portion of the replacement notch 322 extends to the fracture point of the shear bolt 320, so that the shear bolt 320 that has broken into the base plate 300 can be removed through the replacement notch 322. When the shear bolt 320 breaks, a tool can be inserted into the replacement notch 322 to facilitate the removal of the shear bolt 320 from the base plate 300. In some embodiments, there are multiple replacement notches 322, and the multiple replacement notches 322 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the shear bolt 320. Preferably, the line connecting at least two replacement notches 322 passes through the central axis of the shear bolt 320.

[0084] Reference Figure 9 、 Figure 10 As shown, according to an optional embodiment, the stopper 310 is provided with a countersunk 312. The head of the shear bolt 320 is located within the countersunk 312, and the distance between the head of the shear bolt 320 and the opening of the countersunk 312 is greater than 0. The countersunk 312 prevents the head of the shear bolt 320 from protruding from the surface of the stopper 310, thereby preventing interference between the shear bolt 320 and the elastic-plastic steel element 400 when the head of the shear bolt 320 protrudes from the surface of the stopper 310. Preferably, the distance between the head of the shear bolt 320 and the opening of the countersunk 312 is no less than 2 mm. When the shear bolt 320 breaks, the shear bolt 320 located in the stopper hole 311 may move outward. According to actual experiments, when the head of the shear bolt 320 is at least 2 mm away from the opening of the countersunk 312, it can be ensured that the shear bolt 320 will not protrude from the surface of the stopper 310 after breaking. This design can also prevent the shear bolt 320 from protruding from the surface of the limiting member 310 due to manufacturing errors between the shear bolt 320 and the limiting member 310 .

[0085] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, according to an optional embodiment, sliding assembly 200 includes an intermediate plate 210 and a spherical cap plate 220. Internal connecting posts 211 are disposed on intermediate plate 210. Spherical cap plate 220 is positioned between intermediate plate 210 and top plate 100. The mating portion between spherical cap plate 220 and intermediate plate 210 is spherical cap-shaped, and a groove is disposed on intermediate plate 210 for mating with spherical cap plate 220. A curved friction pair is formed between spherical cap plate 220 and intermediate plate 210, while a flat friction pair is formed between spherical cap plate 220 and top plate 100. Specifically, a spherical friction pair is formed between spherical cap plate 220 and intermediate plate 210.

[0086] Reference Figure 12 、 Figure 13As shown, according to an optional embodiment, the sliding assembly 200 includes an intermediate plate 210 and an elastic plate 230. An internal connecting column 211 is disposed on the intermediate plate 210. The elastic plate 230 is located between the intermediate plate 210 and the top plate 100. The elastic plate 230 and the top plate 100 form a planar friction pair, and the elastic plate 230 and the intermediate plate 210 are fixedly connected. Exemplarily, the elastic plate 230 includes a connecting plate 231 and a rubber pad 232, and the connecting plate 231 and the rubber pad 232 are fixed together by glue. In some embodiments, the connecting plate 231 and the rubber pad 232 can be fixed together by other means, such as by providing a groove on the connecting plate 231, and the rubber pad 232 is embedded in the groove. In some embodiments, the intermediate plate 210 is provided with a cylindrical recessed groove, and the rubber pad 232 is located in the recessed groove. The rubber pad 232 can be interference-fitted in the recessed groove, and at least a portion of the connecting plate 231 is also located in the recessed groove. The connecting plate 231 is slidably engaged with the top plate 100 on the side facing away from the rubber pad 232 .

[0087] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a detailed description of a shock-absorbing bridge.

[0088] A shock-absorbing bridge comprises the elastic-plastic steel shock-absorbing and isolating bearing of the above embodiment, so that the shock-absorbing bridge has the beneficial effects of the elastic-plastic steel shock-absorbing and isolating bearing of the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0089] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that: It comprises a top plate (100), a sliding assembly (200), a bottom plate (300) and an elastic-plastic steel element (400), wherein: The sliding assembly (200) is located between the top plate (100) and the bottom plate (300), and a friction pair is formed between the top plate (100) and the sliding assembly (200), and between the bottom plate (300) and the sliding assembly (200); The top plate (100) is provided with a stopper (110), and the stopper (110) can cooperate with the sliding assembly (200) to limit the sliding distance of the sliding assembly (200) relative to the top plate (100); The elastic-plastic steel element (400) is curved, a first end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is connected to the sliding assembly (200), and a second end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is connected to the bottom plate (300).

2. The bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curvature of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) gradually increases from the sliding component (200) side to the bottom plate (300) side; And / or, the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is bent into an elliptical arc shape.

3. The bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is pivotally connected to the sliding assembly (200); And / or, the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is pivotally connected to the bottom plate (300).

4. The bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (300) is provided with an anchor hole (330), and an external connecting column (340) is provided in the anchor hole (330). The first end of the external connecting column (340) is located on the side of the bottom plate (300) facing the top plate (100), and the second end of the external connecting column (340) is located on the side of the bottom plate (300) away from the top plate (100). The second end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is connected to the first end of the external connecting column (340), and the second end of the external connecting column (340) is used to be connected to the bridge pier.

5. The bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (200) is provided with an inner connecting column (211), the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is hinged to the inner connecting column (211), and the inner connecting column (211) is provided with a first fastener (500), and the first fastener (500) presses the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) until the first end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is limitedly matched with the inner connecting column (211); And / or, the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is hinged to the external connecting column (340), and the external connecting column (340) is provided with a second fastener (600), and the second fastener (600) presses the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) until the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is limitedly engaged with the external connecting column (340).

6. The bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the elastic-plastic steel elements (400) is four, the lines connecting the connection points of the four elastic-plastic steel elements (400) and the sliding assembly (200) form a first square (700), and the lines connecting the connection points of the four elastic-plastic steel elements (400) and the bottom plate (300) form a second square (800); The geometric centers of the first square (700) and the second square (800) coincide with each other, and the straight lines on which the diagonals of the first square (700) and the second square (800) lie coincide with each other, and the second square (800) has a first diagonal (810) and a second diagonal (820); The first end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is located at the first diagonal line (810), and the second end of the elastic-plastic steel element (400) is located at the second diagonal line (820).

7. The bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (300) is provided with a limiting member (310), and the limiting member (310) cooperates with the sliding assembly (200) to limit the sliding of the sliding assembly (200) relative to the bottom plate (300); A shear bolt (320) is connected between the limiting member (310) and the bottom plate (300) to fix the limiting member (310) to the bottom plate (300).

8. The bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shear bolt (320) is threadedly engaged with the bottom plate (300), the limiting member (310) is provided with a limiting hole (311), the shear bolt (320) is slidingly engaged with the limiting hole (311), and the shear bolt (320) and the limiting member (310) are engaged in an axial limiting manner of the shear bolt (320), so that the limiting member (310) is fixed to the bottom plate (300); And / or, the shear bolt (320) is provided with a shear notch (321), so that the shear bolt (320) breaks at the position of the shear notch (321) under a design load, and the shear notch (321) is located at the contact point between the limiting member (310) and the bottom plate (300); And / or, the shear bolt (320) is provided with a replacement notch (322), at least a portion of the replacement notch (322) is located at the contact point between the shear bolt (320) and the base plate (300), and at least a portion of the replacement notch (322) extends to the fracture point of the shear bolt (320), so that the shear bolt (320) that is fractured into the base plate (300) can be taken out through the replacement notch (322); And / or, the limiting member (310) is provided with a countersunk (312), the head of the shear bolt (320) is located in the countersunk (312), and the distance between the head of the shear bolt (320) and the opening of the countersunk (312) is greater than 0.

9. The bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (200) includes an intermediate plate (210) and a spherical cap plate (220), wherein the spherical cap plate (220) is located between the intermediate plate (210) and the top plate (100), a curved friction pair is formed between the spherical cap plate (220) and the intermediate plate (210), and a flat friction pair is formed between the spherical cap plate (220) and the top plate (100); Alternatively, the sliding assembly (200) includes an intermediate plate (210) and an elastic plate (230), wherein the elastic plate (230) is located between the intermediate plate (210) and the top plate (100), a plane friction pair is formed between the elastic plate (230) and the top plate (100), and the elastic plate (230) and the intermediate plate (210) are fixedly connected.

10. A shock-absorbing bridge, characterized in that: A bridge elastic-plastic steel seismic isolation bearing comprising the embodiment of any one of claims 1 to 9.

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