Tubular hydrogenation reactor
By using the lead pipe group and distribution ring structure in the column tube reactor, the problems of liquid material splashing and uneven distribution are solved, and the safety and reaction efficiency of the reactor are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422514448.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-17
AI Technical Summary
When the existing tube reactor introduces liquid materials, the materials splash everywhere in the feed chamber, resulting in increased safety hazards and uneven distribution of materials, affecting reaction efficiency.
The lead pipe group and distribution ring structure are adopted. The lead pipe is fixed on the reactor shell. The distribution ring is located at the bottom of the feed cavity and a through hole is provided. The liquid material is introduced into the bottom of the feed cavity through the lead pipe and distribution ring to prevent splashing and ensure uniform distribution of the material.
It improves the safety and reaction efficiency of the reactor, prevents material splashing, and ensures that the material enters the column tube for reaction evenly.
Smart Images
Figure CN223221520U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of reactors, in particular to a tubular hydrogenation reactor. Background Art
[0002] A shell-and-tube reactor is composed of many very thin reaction tubes, which are filled with catalysts to form a fixed bed reactor. Shell-and-tube reactors are mostly used in situations where reactions such as strong exothermic reactions and strong endothermic reactions proceed very quickly. When the existing shell-and-tube reactor introduces the liquid material to be reacted into the feed chamber, the distance between the bottom of the reaction chamber and the feed port is relatively far, so that the liquid material falls directly to the bottom of the feed chamber under the action of gravity, causing the liquid material to exert a strong impact force on the bottom of the feed chamber. As a result, the liquid material splashes everywhere in the feed chamber, and this splashing liquid material may even splash out of the feed port, thereby increasing safety hazards. At the same time, since the liquid does not have a stable state in the feed chamber, it also causes stagnation and uneven distribution of the material when flowing into the tubes, resulting in uneven distribution of the material in each tube, which reduces the reaction efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems. It can solve the problem of material splashing around in the feed chamber when liquid material is introduced into the existing reactor, thereby achieving the effect of improving the safety and reaction efficiency of the reactor.
[0004] Specifically, the utility model provides a shell-and-tube type hydrogenation reactor, which includes:
[0005] A reactor shell, wherein a feed cavity for introducing materials is defined in the reactor shell;
[0006] A material guide pipe group, comprising a plurality of material guide pipes and a distribution ring; the material guide pipe is fixedly inserted on the reactor shell, one end of which is a feed port located outside the reactor shell, and the other end is located in the feed cavity; the plurality of material guide pipes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the reactor shell; the distribution ring is an annular tubular shape, arranged in the feed cavity, fixedly connected to and communicated with the distribution ring; a plurality of through holes are provided on the distribution ring, and the distribution ring is located at the bottom of the feed cavity and is spaced apart from the bottom of the feed cavity.
[0007] Optionally, the distribution ring and the reactor shell are coaxially arranged, and the plurality of through holes are evenly distributed circumferentially along the axis of the reactor shell; the through holes are oriented upward and / or downward of the distribution ring.
[0008] Optionally, a heat exchange chamber is further defined in the reactor shell, and the heat exchange chamber is located below the reaction chamber;
[0009] The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor further comprises:
[0010] A plurality of tubes are arranged at intervals in the heat exchange chamber;
[0011] Multiple feed pipes are vertically spaced apart in the feed cavity. The feed pipes are located in the feed cavity, and the lower ends extend downward out of the feed cavity so that the lower end of each feed pipe is inserted into one of the tube arrays. The feed pipes are located on the peripheral wall of the feed cavity and are provided with multiple feed holes, which pass through the feed pipes in the radial direction.
[0012] Optionally, a spacer cavity is provided between the feed cavity and the heat exchange cavity; the upper end of the tube array extends upward to the spacer cavity; the lower end of the feed pipe extends downward to the spacer cavity and is inserted into the corresponding tube array; the diameter of the tube array is larger than the diameter of the feed pipe.
[0013] Optionally, the reactor shell is provided with a plurality of heat exchange medium outlets and a plurality of heat exchange medium inlets;
[0014] Multiple heat exchange medium outlets and multiple heat exchange medium outlets are evenly distributed along the reactor shell and communicated with the heat exchange cavity; the heat exchange medium outlets are located above the heat exchange medium.
[0015] Optionally, a discharge cavity is provided in the reactor shell; the discharge cavity is located below the heat exchange cavity, and a supporting sieve plate is provided above the discharge cavity; the supporting sieve plate is arranged horizontally, and the lower end of the tube array abuts against the supporting sieve plate.
[0016] Optionally, the supporting screen plate can be detachably installed in the discharge cavity.
[0017] Optionally, the shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor further comprises:
[0018] Thermometers are vertically inserted into the tubes, with their upper ends extending upward out of the reactor shell to measure the temperature inside the tubes.
[0019] In a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor of the present invention, there are a plurality of material guide pipes and distribution rings, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the distribution rings. The through holes are used to connect the feed chamber and the distribution ring. The distribution ring and the reactor shell are coaxially arranged, and the distribution ring is arranged at the bottom of the feed chamber, and is spaced apart from the bottom of the feed chamber so that the gap between the distribution ring and the bottom of the feed chamber is matched. In other words, the liquid material can be directly introduced into the bottom of the feed chamber through the feed pipe and the distribution ring, thereby preventing the material from splashing due to the potential energy of gravity when it falls to the bottom, thereby allowing the material to be smoothly introduced into the bottom of the feed chamber, thereby preventing the material from splashing out of the feed chamber, thereby increasing the safety of the reactor.
[0020] Based on the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will become more aware of the above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Hereinafter, some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in an exemplary and non-limiting manner with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings indicate the same or similar components or parts. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings:
[0022] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 2 1 is a schematic top view of a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view in the AA direction;
[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a material guide pipe group in a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to one embodiment of the present utility model;
[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;
[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;
[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle.
[0029] In the figure: 100, reactor shell; 110, feed chamber; 111, upper shell; 120, heat exchange chamber; 121, middle shell; 130, discharge chamber; 131, supporting sieve plate; 132, discharge pipe; 133, lower shell; 140, partition chamber; 160, heat exchange medium outlet pipe; 170, heat exchange medium inlet pipe; 200, tube array; 300, feed pipe; 310, feed hole; 400, thermometer; 500, guide pipe group; 510, guide pipe; 520, distribution ring; 521, through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 7 To describe a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the description of this embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features, that is, include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. When a feature "includes or contains" one or some of the features it covers, unless otherwise specifically described, this indicates that other features are not excluded and may further include other features.
[0031] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "disposed," "installed," "connected," "connected," "fixed," and "coupled" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, or integration; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. A person of ordinary skill in the art should be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0032] In addition, in the description of this embodiment, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact via another feature between them. That is, in the description of this embodiment, the first feature being "above," "above," and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below," "below," or "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0033] In the description of the present embodiment, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor, such as Figure 1 As shown, and reference Figures 2 to 7 The embodiment of the present invention provides a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor, which includes a reactor shell 100 and a guide pipe group. A feed cavity 110 for introducing materials is defined in the reactor shell 100. The guide pipe group includes a plurality of guide pipes 500 and a distribution ring 600. The guide pipe 500 is fixedly inserted into the reactor shell 100, one end of which is a feed port located outside the reactor shell 100, and the other end is located in the feed cavity 110. The plurality of guide pipes 500 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the reactor shell 100; the distribution ring 600 is annular and tubular, and is arranged in the feed cavity 110, fixedly connected to and communicated with the distribution ring 600; a plurality of through holes 610 are provided on the distribution ring 600, and the distribution ring 600 is located at the bottom of the feed cavity 110 and is spaced apart from the bottom of the feed cavity 110.
[0035] Specifically, the feed chamber 110 is used to collect and introduce materials to be reacted into the reactor, and the guide tube 500 and the distribution ring 600 are provided to introduce the materials into the feed chamber 110. Since the materials to be reacted include liquids, when the liquid materials are directly used in the array tubes 200, the pressure in the array tubes 200 will cause the liquid to splash everywhere, thereby increasing safety hazards. In other words, the feed chamber 110 can prevent the liquid from splashing, thereby reducing safety hazards. Further, the through hole 610 is used to connect the feed chamber 110 and the distribution ring 600. Furthermore, the distribution ring 600 and the reactor shell 100 are coaxially arranged, and the distribution ring 600 is arranged at the bottom of the feed chamber 110, and is spaced apart from the bottom of the feed chamber 110, so that the distribution ring 600 and the bottom of the feed chamber 110 are gap-matched. That is to say, the liquid material can be directly introduced into the bottom of the feed chamber 110 through the feed pipe 300 and the distribution ring 600, thereby preventing the material from splashing due to gravitational potential energy when falling to the bottom, so that the material can be smoothly introduced into the bottom of the feed chamber 110, thereby preventing the material from splashing out of the feed chamber 110, thereby increasing the safety of the reactor.
[0036] During operation, the liquid material is introduced into the guide tube 500 , and then introduced into the distribution ring 600 through the guide tube 500 , and then introduced into the bottom of the feed cavity 110 through the through hole 610 on the distribution ring 600 , so that the liquid material flows smoothly into the feed cavity 110 .
[0037] In this embodiment, there are two material guide pipes 500, which are symmetrically arranged. Specifically, the material guide pipe 500 is composed of two vertical sections and an inclined section, and the inclined section is located before the two vertical sections, so that the material guide pipe 500 forms a "Z"-shaped pipeline.
[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the distribution ring 600 and the reactor shell 100 are coaxially arranged, and a plurality of through holes 610 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the axis of the reactor shell 100; the through holes 610 are oriented upward and / or downward of the distribution ring 600.
[0039] Specifically, the multiple through-holes 610 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the reactor shell 100, which enables the liquid material to be uniformly introduced into the feed chamber 110, thereby enabling the material to uniformly enter the next stage for reaction. Furthermore, the outlet end of the through-hole 610 is the end connected to the feed chamber 110. When the outlet ends are all located below the distribution ring 600, the material can be discharged downward directly, which is suitable for situations where the material flow rate and flow rate are small. When the outlet end is located above the distribution ring 600, the material is first discharged upward and then flows downward under the action of gravity. This is suitable for situations where the material flow rate and flow rate are large, and the gravitational potential energy is used to consume a portion of the kinetic potential energy of the material flow.
[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the reactor shell 100 further defines a heat exchange chamber 120, which is located below the reaction chamber. The shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor also includes a plurality of shells and tubes 200 and a plurality of feed pipes 300. The plurality of shells and tubes 200 are spaced apart within the heat exchange chamber 120, and the plurality of feed pipes 300 are vertically spaced apart within the feed chamber 110. The feed pipes 300 are located within the feed chamber 110, and their lower ends extend downwardly out of the feed chamber 110, so that the lower end of each feed pipe 300 is inserted into a shell and tube 200. The feed pipes 300 are located on the peripheral wall of the feed chamber 110 and are provided with a plurality of feed holes 310, which extend radially through the feed pipes 300.
[0041] Specifically, the reactor housing 100 comprises an upper housing 111 and a middle housing 121. The middle housing 121 defines a heat exchange chamber 120. The middle housing 121 is cylindrical, and the upper housing 111 defines a feed chamber 110. The upper housing 111 is provided with a material guide hole communicating with the feed chamber 110. The upper housing 111 is semi-spherical in shape. The upper and middle housings 111 and 121 are fixedly connected by threads. Specifically, the material guide tube 500 is fixedly inserted into the material guide hole to prevent liquid from splashing within the feed chamber 110 and material from splashing outward from the material guide hole.
[0042] Furthermore, a high-temperature medium is continuously introduced into and discharged from the heat exchange chamber 120 to achieve heat exchange within the multiple tube arrays 200. Preferably, the high-temperature medium is an oil. Furthermore, a solid catalyst is stored within the tube arrays 200 to further enhance the reaction efficiency within the tube arrays 200.
[0043] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, the feed pipe 300 is used to connect the array of tubes 200 and the feed chamber 110, and the arrangement of the feed holes 310 on the feed pipe 300 enables the liquid material to slowly enter the array of tubes 200 from the feed pipe 300. Furthermore, due to the small diameter of the feed holes 310, the liquid material may not enter the array of tubes 200 in time, causing the liquid material to accumulate in the feed chamber 110. Therefore, under the action of gravity, the liquid material enters the array of tubes 200 along the feed holes 310 and the feed pipe 300, thereby ensuring that the amount of material in each array of tubes 200 is evenly distributed, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.
[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, a partition cavity 140 is provided between the feed cavity 110 and the heat exchange cavity 120, and the upper ends of the tubes 200 extend upward to the partition cavity 140. The lower ends of the feed tubes 300 extend downward to the partition cavity 140 and are inserted into the corresponding tubes 200. The diameter of the tubes 200 is larger than that of the feed tubes 300.
[0045] Specifically, the partition chamber 140 is independent of the feed chamber 110 and the heat exchange chamber 120. Furthermore, the larger diameter of the tubes 200 than the feed tubes 300 allows for a clearance fit between the inner wall of the tubes 200 and the outer wall of the feed tubes 300. This allows for an overly intense reaction within the tubes 200, causing the liquid material to surge upward and out of the upper end of the tubes 200. The surging material then enters the partition chamber 140, preventing the material from surging into the feed chamber 110 and ensuring the safety of the reactor.
[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the reactor shell 100 is provided with multiple heat exchange medium outlets and multiple heat exchange medium inlets. The multiple heat exchange medium outlets and the multiple heat exchange medium inlets are evenly distributed along the reactor shell 100 and communicate with the heat exchange chamber 120. The heat exchange medium outlets are located above the heat exchange medium.
[0047] Specifically, the reactor shell 100 includes a heat exchange medium inlet pipe 170 and a heat exchange medium outlet pipe 160. One end of the heat exchange medium inlet pipe 170 communicates with the heat exchange chamber 120, and the other end serves as the heat exchange medium inlet. The heat exchange medium outlet pipe 160 communicates with the heat exchange chamber 120 at one end, and serves as the heat exchange medium outlet at the other end. Multiple heat exchange medium outlets and multiple heat exchange medium outlets are connected to the multiple heat exchange medium inlet pipes 170 and heat exchange medium outlet pipes 160, respectively. Furthermore, the provision of multiple heat exchange medium inlets and multiple heat exchange medium outlets enables high-temperature medium to be introduced into the heat exchange chamber 120 through the heat exchange medium inlets from different angles and discharged from the heat exchange chamber 120 through the heat exchange medium outlets from multiple angles. This allows the high-temperature exchange medium to enter the heat exchange chamber 120 evenly, ensuring uniform heating of the tube array 200, thereby further improving reaction efficiency.
[0048] In this embodiment, the heat exchange medium inlet pipe 170 is located at one end of the heat exchange medium inlet pipe 170 and the heat exchange medium outlet pipe 160 is located at one end of the heat exchange medium outlet. The flange facilitates the fixed installation of the reactor shell 100 at a preset position.
[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, a discharge chamber 130 is provided in the reactor shell 100. The discharge chamber 130 is located below the heat exchange chamber 120, and a support sieve plate 131 is provided above the discharge chamber 130. The support sieve plate 131 is arranged horizontally, and the lower ends of the tube array 200 abut against the support sieve plate 131.
[0050] Specifically, the tubes 200 can be inserted and slidably installed in the reactor housing 100, thereby facilitating the replacement and removal of the tubes 200. Furthermore, the support plate can provide support for the lower ends of the tubes 200 while also supporting the solid catalyst within the tubes 200. Furthermore, the support screen plate 131 is a single-layer screen for passing the reaction products within the tubes 200.
[0051] Specifically, the reactor housing 100 further includes a lower housing 133, the discharge chamber 130 is disposed in the lower housing 133, and the lower housing 133 is provided with a discharge pipe 132 communicating with the outside for discharging the materials produced by the reaction. Furthermore, the lower housing 133 is semi-spherical.
[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, the support screen plate 131 can be detachably installed in the discharge chamber 130. Specifically, the detachable installation of the support screen plate 131 facilitates its replacement and cleaning. Furthermore, the inner wall of the discharge chamber 130 is provided with a threaded groove, and the peripheral wall of the support screen plate 131 is provided with a threaded protrusion, so that the support screen plate 131 and the discharge chamber 130 are threadedly connected.
[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor further includes a thermometer 400, which is vertically inserted into the shell and tube 200, with its upper end extending upward from the reactor shell 100 to measure the temperature within the shell and tube 200. Specifically, the thermometer 400 is used to measure the temperature within the shell and tube 200 and adjust the reaction temperature in a timely manner.
[0054] At this point, those skilled in the art should recognize that, although multiple exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or deduced from the contents disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims
1. A shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor, characterized in that: include: A reactor shell, wherein a feed cavity for introducing materials is defined in the reactor shell; A material guide pipe group, comprising a plurality of material guide pipes and a distribution ring; the material guide pipe is fixedly inserted on the reactor shell, one end of which is a feed port located outside the reactor shell, and the other end is located in the feed cavity; the plurality of material guide pipes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the reactor shell; the distribution ring is an annular tubular shape, arranged in the feed cavity, fixedly connected to and communicated with the distribution ring; a plurality of through holes are provided on the distribution ring, and the distribution ring is located at the bottom of the feed cavity and is spaced apart from the bottom of the feed cavity.
2. The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The distribution ring and the reactor shell are coaxially arranged, and the plurality of through holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the axis of the reactor shell; the through holes are oriented upward and / or downward of the distribution ring.
3. The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that A heat exchange chamber is further defined in the reactor shell, and the heat exchange chamber is located below the reaction chamber; The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor further comprises: A plurality of tubes are arranged at intervals in the heat exchange chamber; Multiple feed pipes are vertically spaced apart in the feed cavity. The feed pipes are located in the feed cavity, and the lower ends extend downward out of the feed cavity so that the lower end of each feed pipe is inserted into one of the tube arrays. The feed pipes are located on the peripheral wall of the feed cavity and are provided with multiple feed holes, which pass through the feed pipes in the radial direction.
4. The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that A partition cavity is provided between the feed cavity and the heat exchange cavity; the upper end of the tube array extends upward to the partition cavity; the lower end of the feed pipe extends downward to the partition cavity and is inserted into the corresponding tube array; the diameter of the tube array is larger than the diameter of the feed pipe.
5. The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reactor shell is provided with a plurality of heat exchange medium outlets and a plurality of heat exchange medium inlets; Multiple heat exchange medium outlets and multiple heat exchange medium outlets are evenly distributed along the reactor shell and communicated with the heat exchange cavity; the heat exchange medium outlets are located above the heat exchange medium.
6. The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A discharge cavity is provided in the reactor shell; the discharge cavity is located below the heat exchange cavity, and a supporting sieve plate is provided above the discharge cavity; the supporting sieve plate is arranged horizontally, and the lower ends of the tubes are in contact with the supporting sieve plate.
7. The shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that The supporting screen plate can be detachably installed in the discharge cavity.
8. The shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Thermometers are vertically inserted into the tubes, with their upper ends extending upward out of the reactor shell to measure the temperature inside the tubes.