Tubular hydrogenation reactor
By designing the feed chamber and feed pipe in the tube-type hydrogenation reactor, the problem of uneven material distribution is solved, and the uniform distribution of liquid materials in the tube is achieved, which improves the reaction efficiency and reduces safety hazards.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422514453.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-17
AI Technical Summary
When the existing column tube reactors introduce liquid materials into the column tube, the material distribution is uneven, resulting in a decrease in reaction efficiency.
A tube-type hydrogenation reactor is designed, which includes a feed chamber and a heat exchange chamber in the reactor shell. The feed tube is arranged vertically in the feed chamber, and the feed hole penetrates radially to prevent liquid materials from pouring directly into the tube, and slowly enter the tube through the feed hole to ensure uniform distribution of materials.
The uniform distribution of liquid materials in each column is achieved, which improves reaction efficiency and reduces safety hazards.
Smart Images
Figure CN223221521U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of reactors, in particular to a tubular hydrogenation reactor. Background Art
[0002] Shell-and-tube reactors consist of numerous thin reaction tubes filled with catalyst, forming a fixed-bed reactor. Shell-and-tube reactors are often used for highly exothermic and endothermic reactions where the reaction proceeds rapidly. However, when introducing liquid materials into the tubes of existing shell-and-tube reactors, the top inlet of the tubes is flush with the bottom of the feed chamber, causing the material to flow from the bottom of the feed chamber along the tube walls. This can cause stagnation and uneven distribution of the liquid material, resulting in uneven distribution of the material within each tube and reduced reaction efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems. It can solve the problem of uneven distribution of materials in the shell and tube in the existing reactor, which leads to reduced reaction efficiency, and achieve the effect of evenly distributing materials in each shell and tube, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.
[0004] Specifically, the utility model provides a shell-and-tube type hydrogenation reactor, which includes:
[0005] A reactor shell, wherein two independent feed chambers and a heat exchange chamber are defined in the reactor shell; the feed chamber is located above the heat exchange chamber;
[0006] A plurality of tubes are arranged at intervals in the heat exchange chamber;
[0007] Multiple feed pipes are vertically spaced apart in the feed cavity. The feed pipes are located in the feed cavity, and the lower ends extend downward out of the feed cavity so that the lower end of each feed pipe is inserted into one of the tube arrays. The feed pipes are located on the peripheral wall of the feed cavity and are provided with multiple feed holes, which pass through the feed pipes in the radial direction.
[0008] Optionally, the multiple feed holes are respectively multiple feed hole groups; the multiple feed hole groups are evenly distributed along the circumference of the feed pipe; the multiple feed holes on each feed hole group are evenly distributed along the radial direction of the feed pipe.
[0009] Optionally, a spacer cavity is provided between the feed cavity and the heat exchange cavity; the upper end of the tube array extends upward to the spacer cavity; the lower end of the feed pipe extends downward to the spacer cavity and is inserted into the corresponding tube array; the diameter of the tube array is larger than the diameter of the feed pipe.
[0010] Optionally, a material guide tube is provided on the reactor shell; one end of the material guide tube is a feed port, located outside the feed cavity, and the other end of the material guide tube is a discharge port, located at the bottom of the feed cavity, so that the material guide tube guides the material to the bottom of the feed cavity.
[0011] Optionally, the reactor shell is provided with a plurality of heat exchange medium outlets and a plurality of heat exchange medium inlets;
[0012] A plurality of heat exchange medium inlets and a plurality of heat exchange medium outlets are uniformly distributed along the reactor shell and communicated with the heat exchange cavity; the heat exchange medium outlets are located above the heat exchange medium.
[0013] Optionally, a discharge cavity is provided in the reactor shell; the discharge cavity is located below the heat exchange cavity, and a supporting sieve plate is provided above the discharge cavity; the supporting sieve plate is arranged horizontally, and the lower end of the tube array abuts against the supporting sieve plate.
[0014] Optionally, the supporting screen plate can be detachably installed in the discharge cavity.
[0015] Optionally, the shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor further comprises:
[0016] Thermometers are vertically inserted into the tubes, with their upper ends extending upward out of the reactor shell to measure the temperature inside the tubes.
[0017] In a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor of the present invention, since it has a reactor shell, multiple shells and multiple feed pipes, and the feed chamber is used to collect and introduce materials to be reacted into the reactor, thereby preventing the materials from directly flowing into the shells. The feed chamber can prevent liquid splashing, thereby reducing safety hazards. The feed pipe is used to connect the shells and the feed chamber, and the setting of the feed hole on the feed pipe can enable the liquid material to slowly enter the shells from the feed pipe. Since the feed hole has a small diameter, the liquid material will not flow directly into the shells, and the liquid material will gather in the feed chamber, so that the liquid level of the liquid material in the feed chamber rises, and the material enters the shells along the feed hole and the feed pipe under the action of gravity, thereby ensuring that the amount of material in each shell is evenly distributed, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.
[0018] Based on the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will become more aware of the above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Hereinafter, some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in an exemplary and non-limiting manner with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings indicate the same or similar components or parts. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings:
[0020] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 1 is a schematic top view of a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle;
[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;
[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;
[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle;
[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a feed pipe in a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0027] In the figure: 100, reactor shell; 110, feed chamber; 111, upper shell; 120, heat exchange chamber; 121, middle shell; 130, discharge chamber; 131, supporting sieve plate; 132, discharge pipe; 133, lower shell; 140, partition chamber; 150, material guide pipe; 160, heat exchange medium outlet pipe; 170, heat exchange medium inlet pipe; 200, tube array; 300, feed pipe; 310, feed hole; 400, thermometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 7To describe a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the description of this embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features, that is, include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. When a feature "includes or contains" one or some of the features it covers, unless otherwise specifically described, this indicates that other features are not excluded and may further include other features.
[0029] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "disposed," "installed," "connected," "connected," "fixed," and "coupled" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, or integration; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. A person of ordinary skill in the art should be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0030] In addition, in the description of this embodiment, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact via another feature between them. That is, in the description of this embodiment, the first feature being "above," "above," and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below," "below," or "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0031] In the description of the present embodiment, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor, such as Figure 1As shown, and reference Figures 2 to 7 The embodiment of the present invention provides a shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor, which includes a reactor shell 100, a plurality of shells and tubes 200, and a plurality of feed pipes 300. The reactor shell 100 defines two independent feed chambers 110 and a heat exchange chamber 120, and the feed chamber 110 is located above the heat exchange chamber 120. The plurality of shells and tubes 200 are arranged at intervals in the heat exchange chamber 120. The plurality of feed pipes 300 are vertically spaced in the feed chamber 110. The feed pipes 300 are located in the feed chamber 110, and the lower ends extend downwardly out of the feed chamber 110 so that the lower end of each feed pipe 300 is inserted into one of the shells and tubes 200; the feed pipes 300 are located in the feed chamber 110. The peripheral wall of the feed chamber 110 is provided with a plurality of feed holes 310, and the feed holes 310 pass through the feed pipes 300 in the radial direction.
[0033] Specifically, a high-temperature medium is continuously introduced into and discharged from the heat exchange chamber 120 to achieve heat exchange between the multiple tube arrays 200 within the heat exchange chamber 120. Preferably, the high-temperature medium is an oil-based substance. Furthermore, a solid catalyst is stored within the tube arrays 200 to further improve the reaction efficiency within the tube arrays 200. Specifically, the feed chamber 110 is used to centrally collect the materials to be reacted introduced into the reactor, thereby preventing the materials from directly flowing into the tube arrays 200. Because the materials to be reacted include liquids, when the liquid materials are directly introduced into the tube arrays 200, the pressure within the tube arrays 200 will cause the liquid to splash, thereby increasing safety risks. In other words, the feed chamber 110 can prevent liquid splashing, thereby reducing safety risks.
[0034] Furthermore, the feed pipe 300 is used to connect the array of tubes 200 and the feed chamber 110, and the arrangement of the feed holes 310 on the feed pipe 300 enables the liquid material to slowly enter the array of tubes 200 from the feed pipe 300. Furthermore, due to the small diameter of the feed holes 310, the liquid material may not enter the array of tubes 200 in a timely manner, causing the liquid material to accumulate in the feed chamber 110. Therefore, under the action of gravity, the liquid material enters the array of tubes 200 along the feed holes 310 and the feed pipe 300, thereby ensuring that the amount of material in each array of tubes 200 is evenly distributed, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.
[0035] During operation, the catalyst is first introduced into the tube array 200, and then the liquid materials participating in the reaction are introduced into the feed chamber 110. The materials accumulate in the feed chamber 110, and under the action of gravity, the liquid materials enter the feed pipe 300 from the feed hole 310, and then enter the tube array 200.
[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the reactor housing 100 includes an upper housing 111 and a middle housing 121. The middle housing 121 defines a heat exchange chamber 120. The middle housing 121 is cylindrical, and the upper housing 111 defines a feed chamber 110. The upper housing 111 is provided with a material guide hole communicating with the feed chamber 110. The upper housing 111 is semi-spherical in shape. The upper housing 111 and the middle housing 121 are fixedly connected by threads. Specifically, the threads prevent liquid from splashing in the feed chamber 110 and prevent material from splashing out of the material guide hole.
[0037] In a further embodiment, a plurality of tubes 200 are evenly distributed in an array, and support plates evenly distributed along the axial direction are provided in the middle shell 121 . The tubes 200 pass through the plurality of support plates in sequence, and the support plates support and stabilize the tubes 200 .
[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the multiple feed holes 310 are respectively multiple feed hole groups. The multiple feed hole groups are evenly distributed along the circumference of the feed pipe 300. The multiple feed holes 310 on each feed hole group are evenly distributed along the radial direction of the feed pipe 300.
[0039] Specifically, each feed hole group includes a plurality of feed holes 310. The plurality of feed hole groups are evenly distributed along the circumference of the feed tube 300, and the plurality of feed holes 310 in each feed hole group are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the feed tube 300. This allows the feed holes 310 to be evenly arranged on the feed tube 300, thereby further ensuring that the material enters the feed tube 300 evenly. Preferably, there are two feed hole groups. The lowest feed hole 310 in each feed hole group is tangential to the bottom of the feed chamber 110, thereby ensuring that the material in the feed chamber 110 is emptied.
[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a partition cavity 140 is provided between the feed cavity 110 and the heat exchange cavity 120, and the upper ends of the tubes 200 extend upward to the partition cavity 140. The lower ends of the feed tubes 300 extend downward to the partition cavity 140 and are inserted into the corresponding tubes 200. The diameter of the tubes 200 is larger than that of the feed tubes 300.
[0041] Specifically, the partition cavity 140 is independent of the feed cavity 110 and the heat exchange cavity 120. Furthermore, the diameter of the tubes 200 is larger than that of the feed tubes 300, which allows for a clearance fit between the inner wall of the tubes 200 and the outer wall of the feed tubes 300. This allows for an overly intense reaction within the tubes 200, causing the liquid material to surge upward and out of the upper end of the tubes 200. The surging material then enters the partition cavity 140, preventing the material from surging into the feed cavity 110 and ensuring the safety of the reactor.
[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, a material guide tube 150 is provided on the reactor shell 100, one end of the material guide tube 150 is a feed port, which is located outside the feed chamber 110, and the other end of the material guide tube 150 is a discharge port, which is located at the bottom of the feed chamber 110, so that the material guide tube 150 can guide the material to the bottom of the feed chamber 110.
[0043] Specifically, the material guide tube 150 is fixedly inserted into the material guide hole, and the liquid material is introduced from the feed port of the material guide tube 150 and guided by the material guide tube 150 into the feed chamber 110. Furthermore, the discharge port end of the material guide tube 150 and the bottom of the feed chamber 110 are clearance-matched, so that the material discharged from the material port is directly introduced into the bottom of the feed chamber 110. This prevents the material from splashing due to gravitational potential energy when it falls to the bottom, and thus allows the material to be smoothly introduced to the bottom of the feed chamber 110. Furthermore, the clearance fit specifically refers to the presence of a small gap between the discharge port end and the bottom of the feed chamber 110.
[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the reactor shell 100 is provided with multiple heat exchange medium outlets and multiple heat exchange medium inlets. The multiple heat exchange medium inlets and multiple heat exchange medium outlets are evenly distributed along the reactor shell 100 and communicate with the heat exchange chamber 120. The heat exchange medium outlets are located above the heat exchange medium.
[0045] Specifically, the reactor shell 100 includes a heat exchange medium inlet pipe 170 and a heat exchange medium outlet pipe 160. One end of the heat exchange medium inlet pipe 170 communicates with the heat exchange chamber 120, and the other end serves as the heat exchange medium inlet. The heat exchange medium outlet pipe 160 communicates with the heat exchange chamber 120 at one end, and serves as the heat exchange medium outlet at the other end. Multiple heat exchange medium outlets and multiple heat exchange medium outlets are connected to the multiple heat exchange medium inlet pipes 170 and heat exchange medium outlet pipes 160, respectively. Furthermore, the provision of multiple heat exchange medium inlets and multiple heat exchange medium outlets enables high-temperature medium to be introduced into the heat exchange chamber 120 through the heat exchange medium inlets from different angles and discharged from the heat exchange chamber 120 through the heat exchange medium outlets from multiple angles. This allows the high-temperature exchange medium to enter the heat exchange chamber 120 evenly, ensuring uniform heating of the tube array 200, thereby further improving reaction efficiency.
[0046] In this embodiment, the heat exchange medium inlet pipe 170 is located at one end of the heat exchange medium inlet pipe 170 and the heat exchange medium outlet pipe 160 is located at one end of the heat exchange medium outlet. The flange facilitates the fixed installation of the reactor shell 100 at a preset position.
[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, a discharge chamber 130 is provided in the reactor shell 100, and the discharge chamber 130 is located below the heat exchange chamber 120. A supporting sieve plate 131 is provided above the discharge chamber 130, and the supporting sieve plate 131 is arranged horizontally. The lower end of the tube array 200 abuts against the supporting sieve plate 131.
[0048] Specifically, the tubes 200 can be inserted and slidably installed in the reactor housing 100, thereby facilitating the replacement and removal of the tubes 200. Furthermore, the support plate can provide support for the lower ends of the tubes 200 while also supporting the solid catalyst within the tubes 200. Furthermore, the support screen plate 131 is a single-layer screen for passing the reaction products within the tubes 200.
[0049] Specifically, the reactor housing 100 further includes a lower housing 133, the discharge chamber 130 is disposed in the lower housing 133, and the lower housing 133 is provided with a discharge pipe 132 communicating with the outside for discharging the materials produced by the reaction. Furthermore, the lower housing 133 is semi-spherical.
[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the support screen plate 131 can be detachably installed in the discharge chamber 130. Specifically, the detachable installation of the support screen plate 131 facilitates its replacement and cleaning. Furthermore, the inner wall of the discharge chamber 130 is provided with a threaded groove, and the peripheral wall of the support screen plate 131 is provided with a threaded protrusion, so that the support screen plate 131 and the discharge chamber 130 are threadedly connected.
[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the multi-tube reactor 200 further includes a thermometer 400, which is vertically inserted into the tubes 200, with its upper end extending upwardly out of the reactor housing 100 to measure the temperature within the tubes 200. Specifically, the thermometer 400 is used to measure the temperature within the tubes 200 and to adjust the reaction temperature in a timely manner.
[0052] At this point, those skilled in the art should recognize that, although multiple exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the present invention can be directly determined or deduced from the contents disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims
1. A shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor, characterized in that: include: A reactor shell, wherein two independent feed chambers and a heat exchange chamber are defined in the reactor shell; The feed chamber is located above the heat exchange chamber; A plurality of tubes are arranged at intervals in the heat exchange chamber; Multiple feed pipes are vertically spaced apart in the feed cavity. The feed pipes are located in the feed cavity, and the lower ends extend downward out of the feed cavity so that the lower end of each feed pipe is inserted into one of the tube arrays. The feed pipes are located on the peripheral wall of the feed cavity and are provided with multiple feed holes, which pass through the feed pipes in the radial direction.
2. The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that The multiple feed holes are respectively multiple feed hole groups; the multiple feed hole groups are evenly distributed along the circumference of the feed pipe; the multiple feed holes on each feed hole group are evenly distributed along the radial direction of the feed pipe.
3. The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A partition cavity is provided between the feed cavity and the heat exchange cavity; the upper end of the tube array extends upward to the partition cavity; the lower end of the feed pipe extends downward to the partition cavity and is inserted into the corresponding tube array; the diameter of the tube array is larger than the diameter of the feed pipe.
4. The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that A material guide pipe is provided on the reactor shell; one end of the material guide pipe is a feed port, located outside the feed cavity, and the other end of the material guide pipe is a discharge port, located at the bottom of the feed cavity, so that the material guide pipe can guide the material to the bottom of the feed cavity.
5. The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor shell is provided with a plurality of heat exchange medium outlets and a plurality of heat exchange medium inlets; A plurality of heat exchange medium inlets and a plurality of heat exchange medium outlets are uniformly distributed along the reactor shell and communicated with the heat exchange cavity; the heat exchange medium outlets are located above the heat exchange medium.
6. The shell and tube type hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that A discharge cavity is provided in the reactor shell; the discharge cavity is located below the heat exchange cavity, and a supporting sieve plate is provided above the discharge cavity; the supporting sieve plate is arranged horizontally, and the lower ends of the tubes are in contact with the supporting sieve plate.
7. The shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that The supporting screen plate can be detachably installed in the discharge cavity.
8. The shell-and-tube hydrogenation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Thermometers are vertically inserted into the tubes, with their upper ends extending upward out of the reactor shell to measure the temperature inside the tubes.