Iron bath gas making furnace taking briquetting biomass as raw material
By designing the protrusion part of the iron bath gas making furnace and the oxygen spray gun combined with the briquetting feed device, the problem of difficult to completely crack the biomass raw materials in the iron bath gas making furnace is solved, and efficient production of high-quality synthesis gas is achieved, reducing the pretreatment cost and avoiding the generation of harmful substances.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421481763.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing iron bath gas making furnaces are difficult to efficiently utilize biomass raw materials, especially large-sized briquetting raw materials, resulting in high pretreatment costs, low quality of the synthesis gas, and the formation of harmful substances such as tar and dioxin.
An iron bath gas furnace including an iron bath gas furnace body and a briquet raw material feeding device is designed. By setting up a protrusion and an oxygen spray gun, the briquet raw material is directly sent into the iron pool and completely cracked at high temperature. Combined with the upper air sealing valve, pressure equalization chamber and push rod driving system of the briquet feeding device, the precise control and sealing and transportation of the briquet raw material are achieved.
It realizes efficient cracking of large-sized biomass briquette raw materials, generates high-quality synthesis gas, reduces pretreatment costs, and avoids the generation of tar and dioxin, which has good economic and reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223226028U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the fields of chemical gas production and industrial environmental protection. Technical Background
[0002] As global warming and the greenhouse effect increasingly damage the Earth's ecosystem, reducing greenhouse gas emissions has become an urgent and pressing task. A key step in reducing carbon dioxide emissions is reducing transportation's reliance on fossil fuels. Methanol is currently a recognized alternative to petroleum fuels. Methanol synthesis requires carbon monoxide and hydrogen as raw materials. However, the vast amount of biomass produced annually in agricultural production and in nature is either incinerated or ultimately decomposed by bacteria, returning to the environment as carbon dioxide. If this biomass could be utilized, and the energy released during its conversion to carbon dioxide could be used instead of wasted in unnecessary combustion or bacterial decomposition, and instead be decomposed industrially into carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which could then be synthesized into methanol for use in human production and transportation, this could significantly reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and minimize the additional carbon dioxide emissions that humans emit into nature, outside of the carbon cycle of the Earth's ecosystem.
[0003] In an iron bath gasifier, biomass feedstock is rapidly cracked in the molten iron pool due to the high temperature, producing carbon, slag, and hydrogen, with the slag forming a molten slag pool. The high temperature of the molten iron pool provides excellent conditions for the thorough cracking of large molecules, resulting in a rapid and complete cracking process without the production of toxic and hazardous substances such as tar and dioxins. Therefore, an iron bath gasifier should theoretically offer high feedstock utilization, high-quality syngas, and excellent economic efficiency, making it a superior gasification method compared to traditional fluidized bed gasification.
[0004] In order to ensure that the biomass raw material is completely cracked during contact with the molten iron pool, it is best to feed the biomass raw material directly into the molten iron pool. However, the density of biomass raw material is much lower than that of iron, and it will float rapidly in the molten iron pool and slag pool. Either the depth of the molten iron pool is deepened or the specific surface area of the biomass raw material is increased, that is, it is pelletized. However, the pelletizing process greatly increases the pretreatment cost of the biomass raw material, reducing the economic efficiency of the synthesis gas and, in turn, the methanol synthesized therefrom. Therefore, there is a need for an iron bath gasifier with low investment, reliable structure, and the ability to directly feed large biomass briquette raw material into the molten iron pool for complete cracking in the molten iron pool. The present invention arises at the historic moment. Summary of the Invention
[0005] An iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material is characterized by comprising an iron bath gasification furnace body (1) and a briquette raw material feeding device (2).
[0006] First, the iron bath gasification furnace body (1) is described. The iron bath gasification furnace body (1) comprises a molten iron pool (3), a slag pool (4), and a furnace chamber (5) from bottom to top. A briquette raw material inlet (6) is provided on the furnace wall at the molten iron pool (3). At least one oxygen lance (12) is provided. A slag outlet (11) is provided on the furnace wall corresponding to the middle of the slag pool (4). A synthesis gas outlet (13) is provided at the top of the furnace chamber (5).
[0007] Furthermore, an iron inlet (8) and an iron outlet (10) are provided on the furnace wall at the bottom of the molten iron pool (3), and the iron inlet (8) is connected to the pre-furnace (9);
[0008] Further preferably, the furnace wall above the briquetting raw material inlet (6) protrudes inwards to form a protruding portion (7).
[0009] Furthermore, the furnace body portion of the protruding portion (7) is arranged horizontally.
[0010] Furthermore, the upper liquid level of the molten iron pool (3) is below the protruding portion (7), but as close to the protruding portion (7) as possible.
[0011] Alternatively, the furnace body of the protruding portion (7) is raised at a certain angle to the ground, and the upper liquid level of the molten iron pool (3) can be above the protruding portion (7) or higher than the protruding portion (7).
[0012] Further preferably, an oxygen lance (12) is provided near the protruding portion (7) and is inclined to the ground. The oxygen lance (12) extends through the furnace wall into the slag pool (4). The nozzle of the oxygen lance (12) is in the slag pool (4) near the upper liquid surface of the molten iron pool (3) and points to the ground. The portion of the oxygen lance (12) extending into the furnace can prevent the briquette raw material (31) from leaving the protruding portion (7).
[0013] Furthermore, a heat preservation gun (14) is provided on the middle furnace wall of the furnace hall.
[0014] Molten iron is added to the iron bath gasification furnace body (1) through a pre-furnace (9) connected to an iron inlet (8) to form a molten iron pool (3). If molten iron needs to be replenished during operation, this can also be achieved through the pre-furnace (9). A liquid level position sensor and a pressure regulating device can be provided in the pre-furnace to maintain the liquid level of the molten iron pool (3) during continuous production.
[0015] The briquette raw material (31) is pushed into the molten iron pool (3) from the briquette raw material inlet (6), and quickly floats up in the molten iron pool (3), and is cracked to produce H2, C and inorganic salt slag. Due to the large volume of the briquette raw material (31), the floating process is not enough to crack it all. The uncracked briquette raw material (31) floats to the forging part (7) and is blocked by the furnace wall of the forging part (7) and stays. At the same time, preferably, the oxygen lance (12) can be set near the forging part (7) and inclined to the ground. The nozzle of the oxygen lance (12) points to the ground, and the part of the oxygen lance (12) extending into the furnace can block the briquette raw material (31) from leaving the forging part (7).
[0016] Two situations are given here. One is that: since the angle of the protrusion (7) is set to be parallel to the ground, the upper liquid surface of the molten iron pool (3) is below the protrusion (3) and close to the protrusion (7), so that most of the briquette raw material (31) is always kept in the molten iron pool (3), and a small part is kept in the slag pool (4) until it is completely cracked; the generated H2 and slag will not be hindered by the protrusion (7), and eventually H2 will penetrate the slag pool and be discharged out of the furnace through the synthesis gas outlet; the slag floats up to form the slag pool (4), and is finally discharged out of the furnace through the slag outlet (11). Another situation is that the thrust portion (7) is arranged to be inclined upward with the high end pointing to the synthesis gas outlet (13), and the upper liquid level of the molten iron pool (3) can be above the thrust portion (7) or higher than the thrust portion (7), so that the entire briquette raw material (31) is always kept in the molten iron pool (3), or most of it is kept in the molten iron pool (3) and a small part is kept in the slag pool (4). Under the blocking effect of the inclined oxygen lance (12), the briquette raw material cannot leave the thrust portion (7) until it is completely cracked; and the slag and hydrogen produced by the cracking, due to their lighter specific gravity, rise along the inclined upward thrust portion furnace wall, enter the slag pool (4) and enter the furnace (5), and are finally discharged from the slag outlet (11) and the synthesis gas outlet (13). The above two situations are not all possible situations. The angle setting of the thrust portion (7) and the position setting of the upper liquid level of the molten iron pool (3) can be any combination of the features described in the claims.
[0017] Part of the C produced by cracking seeps into the molten iron pool (3), while part of it floats to the upper layer of the slag pool (4) due to its low density. It eventually reacts with the oxygen introduced by the oxygen lance (12) to generate CO, which is discharged from the synthesis gas outlet (13) and releases heat to maintain the high-temperature molten state of the molten iron pool (3).
[0018] If the molten iron pool (3) or the slag pool (4) needs to be replenished or tempered, iron-containing raw materials or slag-forming agents can also be fed into the molten iron pool (3) through the briquetting raw material inlet (6).
[0019] A heat preservation gun (14) can be provided on the middle wall of the furnace, which is used to preheat the furnace when the furnace is first started and to supplement heat for the molten iron pool (3) and the slag pool (4) to maintain their molten state under special circumstances.
[0020] When it is necessary to stop production for overhaul, the molten iron in the molten iron pool (3) can be discharged out of the furnace through the taphole (10).
[0021] It should be noted that the cracking of the briquette raw material (31) on its path will absorb a large amount of heat, causing the temperature of the molten iron pool (3) in contact with it to decrease. However, the movement of the hydrogen drum generated by it and the kinetic energy carried by the air flow injected by the oxygen lance (12) will drive the flow of the material inside the molten iron pool (3). When the flow is generated, the heat inside the molten iron pool (3) will flow and transfer with the flow of the material, and the molten iron pool (3) heated by the C oxidation reaction near the oxygen lance (12) and the heat carried by it will flow and transfer to the path of the briquette raw material (31), forming a flow cycle of material and heat in the molten iron pool (3), and maintaining the material and heat balance of the molten iron pool on a macro scale.
[0022] The following is an explanation of the briquette raw material feeding device (2). The briquette raw material feeding device (2) is provided with an upper air seal valve (17), a pressure equalizing chamber (18), a lower air seal valve (19), a connecting short pipe (20), and a briquette feeding pipe (21) in sequence from top to bottom; the pressure equalizing chamber (18) is provided with a pressure equalizing chamber air inlet (22) and a pressure equalizing chamber air outlet (23), and the pressure equalizing chamber air inlet (22) is connected to the pressure air source; the connecting short pipe (20) is provided with an air inlet device (33) and an air outlet device (34). The briquette feeding pipe (21) is arranged obliquely, and its lower end is connected to the briquette raw material inlet (6); a push rod driving device (24) is provided on the outer side of its high end, and the push rod passes through the blind plate at the high end of the briquette feeding pipe to enter the interior of the briquette feeding pipe (21) and connects to the push head (25), and a sealing device is provided between the push rod and the end blind plate.
[0023] Furthermore, a receiving hopper (15) is provided above the upper air sealing valve (17), and the receiving hopper (15) is connected to a quantitative conveying system (32) for briquetting raw materials. The quantitative conveying system (32) for briquetting raw materials can be a belt conveyor, a gear feeder, a chain plate feeder, etc.
[0024] Alternatively, a material drop control mechanism (16) is provided above the upper air sealing valve (17), and a receiving hopper (15) is provided above the material drop control mechanism (16). The receiving hopper (15) is connected to the briquetting material conveying system. The material drop control mechanism (16) can be a cylindrical body with a groove on the side wall adapted to the shape of the briquetting material (31), installed perpendicular to the ground in the briquetting material feeding device (2), and driven to rotate by an external power device; or two of the cylindrical bodies can be installed tangentially and rotate relative to each other.
[0025] The briquette raw material feeding device (2) has two functions: 1. feeding the briquette raw material into the furnace under the premise of being able to seal the synthesis gas with high pressure generated in the furnace body; 2. being able to accurately control the movement of the briquette raw material, that is, relative to each briquette, when to move, how far to move, when to stop, and how long to stop.
[0026] The solution to the first problem relies on the upper air-sealing valve (17), the pressure-equalizing bin (18), and the lower air-sealing valve (19) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. During operation, the briquetting material (31) first enters the space above the upper air-sealing valve (17), at which time the upper air-sealing valve (17) and the lower air-sealing valve (19) are both in a closed state. The pressure-equalizing bin air outlet (23) of the pressure-equalizing bin (18) is opened to make the pressure in the pressure-equalizing bin (18) equal to atmospheric pressure. The upper air-sealing valve (17) is then opened, and the briquetting material (31) falls into the pressure-equalizing bin (18); the upper air-sealing valve (17) is closed, the pressure-equalizing bin air inlet (22) is opened, and pressurized gas is injected into the pressure-equalizing bin (18) until the pressure in the pressure-equalizing bin (18) equals the pressure of the briquetting feed pipe (21); the lower air-sealing valve (19) is opened, and the briquetting material (31) falls into the briquetting feed pipe (21) through the connecting short pipe (20). The lower air seal valve (19) is closed and returns to the initial state, and the next batch of briquette materials can be transported. The pressure is adjusted by the air inlet device (33) and the air outlet device (34) of the connecting short pipe (20), and the difference between the pressure of the connecting short pipe (20) and the briquette feeding pipe (21) and the pressure in the iron bath gasification furnace is controlled to control the molten iron liquid level at the height allowed by production. Under the push of the push rod push head, the briquette raw materials are pushed into the molten iron pool in the furnace.
[0027] The present invention provides two solutions to solve the second problem. One is to precisely control the movement of the briquette raw material through the briquette raw material quantitative conveying system (32), and to deliver the required amount of briquette raw material into the receiving hopper (15) at the required time. The receiving hopper (15) serves as a buffer container, temporarily storing the briquette raw material (31) and waiting for the opening of the upper air seal valve (17). At the same time, the shape of the receiving hopper (15) can adjust and standardize the posture of the briquette raw material (31). After passing through the equalizing bin (18), the briquette raw material (31) finally falls into the briquette feeding pipe (21), and enters the molten iron pool in the furnace under the push of the push rod push head. In this solution, the material control capability of the briquette raw material quantitative conveying system (32) is required to be high, and it must be able to start and stop repeatedly, the speed must be controllable, and the stroke must be directly related to the number of briquette raw materials.
[0028] Another solution to the second problem is that the briquetting raw material conveying system continuously delivers the material to the receiving hopper (15) at a roughly uniform speed. The receiving hopper (15) serves as a buffer container to temporarily store the briquetting raw material (31). A material drop control mechanism (16) is provided below the receiving hopper (15) and above the upper airtight valve (17). Each action of the mechanism can deliver a fixed amount of briquetting raw material (31) into the pressure equalizing bin (18). After passing through the pressure equalizing bin (18), the briquetting raw material (31) finally falls into the briquetting feed pipe (21) and enters the molten iron pool in the furnace under the push of the push rod push head. The material drop control mechanism (16) can be a cylinder with a groove on the side wall that is adapted to the shape of the briquetting raw material (31), which is installed perpendicular to the ground in the briquetting raw material feeding device (2) and driven to rotate by an external power device; or it can be two of the cylinders installed tangentially and rotate relative to each other. In this solution, due to the existence of the material drop control mechanism (16), the material control capability requirement of the briquetting raw material conveying system is relatively low.
[0029] Furthermore, a stop pin receiving groove (26) is provided on the push head (25); at least one stop pin driving device (27) is provided on the outer side of the tube wall of the briquette feeding pipe (21) at the maximum stroke of the corresponding push head (25), and the stop pin driving device (27) is sealed and connected to the briquette feeding pipe (21); the stop pin driving device (27) can push the stop pin (28) into the stop pin receiving groove (26). Since the bottom of the briquette feeding pipe (21) is connected to the molten iron pool (3), a part of molten iron may be stored. Since the density of the briquette raw material (31) is much lower than that of the molten iron, it will float on it. Therefore, whenever the push head (25) is retracted from the maximum stroke, the briquette raw material (31) in the briquette feeding pipe (21) that has not been pushed into the furnace will float up and move in the opposite direction, resulting in the briquette raw material falling from the equalizing bin (18) being unable to enter the briquette feeding pipe (21). The usage of the stop pin (28) is that when the push head (25) reaches the limit stroke, the stop pin (28) at the corresponding position is sent out by the stop pin driving device (27) and inserted into the stop pin receiving groove (26) on the push head (25) behind the briquetting material (31) in contact with the push head (25). The push head (25) retracts, and the briquetting material is blocked by the stop pin (28) and cannot move in the opposite direction due to buoyancy. When the push head pushes the new briquetting material back to the limit stroke, the stop pin (28) is retracted, so that the new briquetting material replaces the original briquetting material, and the stop pin (28) is extended again, and this cycle repeats.
[0030] Furthermore, an electromagnetic induction heating device (29) is provided on the briquette feed pipe (21) at a position close to the briquette raw material inlet (6). Since the briquette feed pipe (21) is tilted and its lower end is connected to the briquette raw material inlet (6) located in the middle and lower part of the molten iron pool (3), a portion of molten iron connected to the molten iron pool (3) may be present at the end of the briquette feed pipe. This portion of molten iron is difficult to participate in the material and heat flow cycle in the molten iron pool, and is also the first part to contact the briquette raw material and absorb a large amount of heat. The electromagnetic induction heating device (29) is provided at this location to supplement the heat of the molten iron at this location, which can effectively prevent it from freezing and then clogging the briquette feed pipe (21).
[0031] Preferably, the briquette feeding pipe (21) can extend into the interior of the molten iron pool (3), and the pressure in the briquette feeding pipe (21) is adjusted to make it difficult for the molten iron to enter the briquette feeding pipe (21), thereby avoiding the molten iron from losing heat and freezing.
[0032] Preferably, the portion of the briquette feeding pipe (21) submerged in the molten iron is provided with a high-temperature wear-resistant lining (30), and the material of the high-temperature wear-resistant lining (30) can be industrial ceramics that meet the requirements. Due to the above-mentioned reason that the molten iron is easily frozen here, if a water-cooled wall with refractory material is used, the refractory material will easily fall off due to the wear of the briquette material; on the other hand, once the refractory material falls off, the water-cooled wall is exposed, which greatly increases the risk of the molten iron freezing here. Therefore, a high-temperature wear-resistant lining (30) is provided here, and its material and specific thickness meet the requirements that it does not need to be replaced between two overhauls.
[0033] Furthermore, the push rod driving device (24) can be a cylinder, a hydraulic system, an electric push rod, a gear rack, a screw, etc.
[0034] Furthermore, the upper air-sealing valve (17) and the lower air-sealing valve (19) can be a plug valve, a flap valve, or a rotary valve; the pressure gas source can provide high-pressure nitrogen or CO2, or a synthesis gas that meets the pressure requirements or a mixed gas of any synthesis gas component ratio. It should be noted that when the briquette is fed into the pipe, synthesis gas begins to be generated from the contact between the briquette raw material and the molten iron. The pressure of the gas determines the position of the molten iron in the briquette feeding pipe. When the gas pressure is large enough, the gas will enter the furnace from the briquette raw material inlet (6) and eventually be discharged from the synthesis gas outlet (13). Therefore, if high-pressure inert gas is provided to the pressure equalization bin (18), the synthesis gas discharged from the synthesis gas outlet will also be mixed with a small amount of the inert gas; if the purity of the synthesis gas is required to be high, a small part of the synthesis gas can be recycled and pressurized to be charged into the pressure equalization bin (18), or a gas source of the synthesis gas component can be set separately.
[0035] Furthermore, the pressure equalization bin gas outlet (23) can be connected to a venting device or connected to the synthesis gas outlet (13). If the gas discharged from the pressure equalization bin gas outlet (23) does not meet the synthesis gas quality requirements, it can be treated and then released. If the gas discharged from the pressure equalization bin does not affect the synthesis gas quality requirements, the exhaust gas can be merged into the synthesis gas.
[0036] Furthermore, the pressure-equalizing chamber (18) can accommodate a plurality of briquette raw materials. Since the pressure-equalizing chamber (18) requires a certain amount of time to be filled and deflated, if the supply speed of the briquette raw materials is restricted by this reason, the volume of the pressure-equalizing chamber (18) can be increased, and the space of the corresponding briquette feeding pipe (21) and the stroke of the pusher (25) need to be adjusted accordingly. In this way, the time wasted by one filling and deflation can be used to treat the briquette raw materials that can be processed within this time as a batch according to the processing speed of the furnace, and enter the furnace under one action cycle of the pressure-equalizing chamber filling and deflation and the pusher.
[0037] Furthermore, the briquetting material (31) can be a cube, a cuboid, or a cylinder, etc. Accordingly, the briquetting material quantitative conveying system (32), the receiving hopper (15), the material drop control mechanism (16), the pressure equalizing bin (18), the briquetting feeding pipe (21) and the pusher head (25) therein should all be designed to match the shape of the briquetting material.
[0038] The advantage of the present invention is that it provides an iron bath gasification furnace and a gasification method that are low in investment, reliable in structure, and can directly feed large biomass briquette raw materials into a molten iron pool and completely crack them in the molten iron pool. The present invention is provided with a briquette raw material feeding device (2), which can overcome the pressure in the iron bath gasification furnace and the resistance of the molten iron to directly transport the briquette biomass raw materials into the molten iron pool (3) of the iron bath gasification furnace, while ensuring the pressure-maintaining seal during the charging process and preventing the occurrence of molten iron overflow. Furthermore, the briquette raw materials are completely cracked into carbon, slag and hydrogen in the molten iron pool to generate high-quality synthesis gas, and no toxic and harmful substances such as tar and dioxins are generated. The present invention significantly reduces the cost of pretreatment of biomass raw materials and has good economic efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of Example 1.
[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the push head and the anti-retraction pin principle.
[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of Example 2.
[0042] 1- Iron bath gasification furnace body 2- Briquetting raw material feeding device 3- Molten iron pool 4- Slag pool 5- Furnace 6- Briquetting raw material inlet 7- Advance part 8- Iron inlet 9- Pre-furnace 10- Iron outlet 11- Slag outlet 12- Oxygen lance 13- Synthesis gas outlet 14- Insulation gun 15- Receiving hopper 16- Blanking control mechanism 17- Upper air seal valve 18- Equalizing chamber 19- Lower air seal valve 20- Connecting short pipe 21- Briquetting feeding pipe 22- Equalizing chamber air inlet 23- Equalizing chamber air outlet 24- Push rod driving device 25- Push head 26- Retraction pin receiving groove 27- Retraction pin driving device 28- Retraction pin 29- Electromagnetic induction heating device 30- High temperature and wear-resistant lining 31- Briquetting raw material 32- Briquetting raw material quantitative conveying system 33- Connecting short pipe air inlet device 34- Connecting short pipe air outlet device DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] Example 1
[0044] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 The invention describes an iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material and cubic wheat straw briquettes as raw material to produce a mixed synthesis gas of CO and H2.
[0045] The briquette raw material feeding device 2 starts from the raw material quantitative conveying system 32, specifically a chain plate feeder. The main part is provided with a receiving hopper 15, an upper air seal valve 17, a pressure equalizing bin 18, a lower air seal valve 19, a connecting short pipe 20, and a briquette feeding pipe 21 in sequence from top to bottom; the pressure equalizing bin 18 is provided with a pressure equalizing bin air inlet 22 and a pressure equalizing bin air outlet 23, and the pressure equalizing bin air inlet 22 is connected to the N2 pressure gas source; the pressure equalizing bin air outlet 23 is connected to the combustion dispersion device. The connecting short pipe 20 is provided with an air inlet device 33 and an air outlet device 34. The briquette feeding pipe 21 is arranged at an angle, and its lower end is connected to the briquette raw material inlet 6; a push rod driving device 24 is provided on the outer side of its high end, specifically a cylinder and its control valve group. The push rod passes through the blind plate at the high end of the briquette feeding pipe 21 to enter the interior of the briquette feeding pipe 21 and connects to the push head 25. There is a sealing device between the push rod and the end blind plate. Two symmetrical stop pin drive mechanisms 27 are symmetrically mounted on the wall of the briquette feed tube 21, corresponding to the maximum stroke of the pusher head 25. Each stop pin drive mechanism 27 slides within a stop pin 28, and the pusher head 25 has two corresponding stop pin receiving grooves 26. An electromagnetic induction heating device 29 is installed near the briquette raw material inlet 6 on the briquette feed tube 21. A high-temperature, wear-resistant silicon carbide lining 30 is installed within the briquette feed tube 21, in the area submerged in the molten iron.
[0046] The iron bath gasification furnace body 1 comprises, from bottom to top, a molten iron pool 3, a slag pool 4, and a furnace chamber 5. An iron inlet 8 and an iron outlet 10 are located on the furnace wall at the bottom of the molten iron pool 3. The iron inlet 8 is connected to a pre-furnace 9. An inlet 6 for briquette material is located on the furnace wall corresponding to the molten iron pool 3. Above the inlet 6, the furnace wall protrudes inward to form a protrusion 7, which is partially horizontally positioned within the furnace body. The upper surface of the molten iron pool 3 is below the protrusion 7, but as close to it as possible. An oxygen lance 12 is positioned above and near the protrusion 7, tilted toward the ground. The oxygen lance 12 extends through the furnace wall into the slag pool 4. The nozzle of the oxygen lance 12 is located within the slag pool 4 near the upper surface of the molten iron pool 3 and points toward the ground. The portion of the oxygen lance 12 that extends into the furnace prevents the briquette material 31 from leaving the protrusion 7. A slag outlet 11 is located on the furnace wall corresponding to the slag pool 4. A synthesis gas outlet 13 is provided at the top of the furnace hall 5 .
[0047] The production process and principles have been discussed in detail in the above description and will not be repeated here.
[0048] Example 2
[0049] Combine Figure 3 Example 2 illustrates an iron-bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as a raw material. Unlike Example 1, it incorporates two sets of briquette raw material feeders 2. Each set of briquette raw material feeders 2 originates from a raw material conveying system, specifically a belt conveyor. A material drop control mechanism 16 is located between the receiving hopper 15 and the upper airtight valve 17. This mechanism is a cylindrical structure with a square groove in its sidewall. It is mounted perpendicular to the ground within the briquette raw material feeder 2 and is driven by a stepper motor.
[0050] The furnace body can be roughly described as two furnace bodies from Example 1, symmetrically combined back-to-back. It features two briquette material inlets 6, corresponding protrusions 7, and two oxygen lances 12. They share a common iron inlet 8, pre-hearth 9, iron taphole 10, slag outlet 11, and synthesis gas outlet 12. The protrusion 7, which rises from the ground at a predetermined angle, maintains the upper surface of the molten iron pool 3 within the protrusion 7, ensuring that the entire briquette material 31 remains within the molten iron pool 3.
Claims
1. An iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material, characterized by: The invention comprises an iron bath gasification furnace body (1) and a briquette raw material feeding device (2); a molten iron pool (3), a slag pool (4) and a furnace (5) are arranged from bottom to top in the iron bath gasification furnace body (1); a briquette raw material inlet (6) is arranged on the furnace wall at the molten iron pool (3); at least one oxygen lance (12) is provided; a slag outlet (11) is provided on the furnace wall corresponding to the slag pool (4); and a synthesis gas outlet (13) is provided at the top of the furnace (5); The briquette raw material feeding device (2) is provided with an upper air sealing valve (17), a pressure equalizing chamber (18), a lower air sealing valve (19), a connecting short pipe (20), and a briquette feeding pipe (21) in sequence from top to bottom; the pressure equalizing chamber (18) is provided with a pressure equalizing chamber air inlet (22) and a pressure equalizing chamber air outlet (23), and the pressure equalizing chamber air inlet (22) is connected to a pressure air source; the connecting short pipe (20) is provided with an air inlet device (33) and an air outlet device (34); the briquette feeding pipe (21) is arranged obliquely, and its lower end is connected to the briquette raw material inlet (6); a push rod driving device (24) is provided on the outer side of its upper end, and the push rod passes through the blind plate at the upper end of the briquette feeding pipe to enter the interior of the briquette feeding pipe (21) and is connected to the push head (25), and a sealing device is provided between the push rod and the end blind plate.
2. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: An iron inlet (8) and an iron outlet (10) are provided on the furnace wall at the molten iron pool (3), and the iron inlet (8) is connected to the pre-furnace (9).
3. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace wall above the briquetting raw material inlet (6) protrudes inwards to form a protruding portion (7).
4. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body of the protruding portion (7) is arranged horizontally.
5. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper liquid level of the molten iron pool (3) is below the protrusion (7), but as close to the protrusion (7) as possible.
6. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The furnace body of the protruding portion (7) is raised at a certain angle to the ground, and the upper liquid level of the molten iron pool (3) can be above the protruding portion (7) or higher than the protruding portion (7).
7. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that: An oxygen lance (12) is arranged near the protruding portion (7) and is inclined to the ground. The oxygen lance (12) passes through the furnace wall and extends into the slag pool (4). The nozzle of the oxygen lance (12) is in the slag pool (4) near the upper liquid surface of the molten iron pool (3) and points to the ground.
8. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat preservation gun (14) is provided on the middle furnace wall of the furnace hall.
9. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: A receiving hopper (15) is provided on the upper portion of the upper air sealing valve (17), and the receiving hopper (15) is connected to a quantitative conveying system (32) for briquetting raw materials.
10. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The briquetting raw material quantitative conveying system (32) can be a belt conveyor, a gear feeder, a chain plate feeder, etc.
11. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material drop control mechanism (16) is provided on the upper portion of the upper air sealing valve (17), a material receiving hopper (15) is provided on the upper portion of the material drop control mechanism (16), and the material receiving hopper (15) is connected to a quantitative conveying system (32) for briquetting raw materials.
12. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 11, characterized in that: The material drop control mechanism (16) can be a cylinder with a groove on the side wall adapted to the shape of the briquetting material (31), installed perpendicular to the ground in the briquetting material feeding device (2), and driven to rotate by an external power device; or two of the cylinders can be installed tangentially and rotate relative to each other.
13. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stop pin receiving groove (26) is provided on the push head (25); at least one stop pin driving device (27) is provided on the outer side of the tube wall of the pressing block feeding tube (21) at the maximum stroke position of the corresponding push head (25); the stop pin driving device (27) is sealedly connected to the pressing block feeding tube (21); the stop pin driving device (27) can push the stop pin (28) into the stop pin receiving groove (26).
14. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electromagnetic induction heating device (29) is provided on the briquetting feed pipe (21) at a position close to the briquetting raw material inlet.
15. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The briquette feeding pipe (21) can extend into the molten iron pool (3).
16. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The briquette is fed into the pipe (21), and the part immersed in the molten iron is provided with a high-temperature wear-resistant lining (30). The material of the high-temperature wear-resistant lining (30) can be industrial ceramics that meet the requirements.
17. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod driving device (24) can be a cylinder, a hydraulic system, an electric push rod, a gear rack, a screw, etc.
18. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper air sealing valve (17) and the lower air sealing valve (19) can be a plug valve, a flap valve, or a rotary valve; the pressure gas source can provide high-pressure nitrogen or CO2, synthesis gas that meets the pressure requirements, or a mixed gas with any proportion of synthesis gas components.
19. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure equalizing bin gas outlet (23) can be connected to a dispersing device, or can be connected to the synthesis gas outlet (13).
20. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure equalization bin (18) can accommodate a plurality of briquette raw materials.
21. The iron bath gasification furnace using briquette biomass as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The briquetting material (31) can be a cube, a cuboid or a cylinder.