Gas gun structure of heating furnace of chemical device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gas gun structure of a heating furnace of a chemical device, which relates to the technical field of gas guns, and comprises a combined gun mechanism, a single gun mechanism and a reinforcing mechanism, compared with the original design, the difference of total opening areas is small, but the proportion of an internal gas gun reaches about 45%, more fuel gas and combustion air can be fully mixed in a combustion air channel and then combusted, and the combustion efficiency is improved. And the valves are additionally arranged on the gas pipelines of the outer gas guns, so that the outer gas guns can be reduced or shut down when the load is low or other necessities are necessary, the waste of the fuel gas is avoided, the sufficient combustion of the fuel gas can slow down the carbon deposition and coking phenomenon of the burner, and the service life of the burner is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gas guns, in particular to a gas gun structure for a heating furnace in a chemical plant. Background Art

[0002] In the process of producing gasoline and diesel in the petrochemical industry, the reaction feed heating furnace is an important equipment in the production unit. The design load of the existing domestic heating furnaces is generally larger than the operating load. According to the calibration results of some devices, the actual operation compliance of the heating furnace is often less than half of the design compliance. The reason is that the opening diameter of the internal gas gun nozzle is 1.8mm, and the opening diameter of the external gas gun nozzle is 2.2mm. The number ratio is 1:9, and the total opening area is 39.28 square millimeters. Among them, the proportion of fuel gas accounted for by the internal gas gun is 13%, and the proportion of fuel gas accounted for by the external gas gun is 87%. Since the internal gas guns are distributed in the combustion-supporting air channel, they mix with the air more evenly and burn fully, and it is not easy to produce CO here; while the external gas guns... The air gun is outside the combustion air channel of the fire basin brick. At this time, the combustion air will diffuse to the surroundings after entering the furnace and mix with the fuel gas ejected from the external gas gun before burning. As the combustion air diffuses to the surroundings, it is more difficult to mix with the fuel gas, and CO will be generated due to insufficient oxygen concentration. The ratio of the fuel gas of the internal air gun and the external air gun of the original burner gas gun is about 1:7. Most of the fuel gas is mixed outside the combustion air channel, which is very likely to cause incomplete combustion of the fuel gas and generate CO. At the same time, the excess fuel gas will produce carbon deposits due to high-temperature cracking and coke at the burner nozzle (such as Figure 4-5 shown);

[0003] During the start-up and shutdown process of the device, the heating furnace needs to provide a higher heat load. However, during the normal operation of the device, the heat load of the heating furnace is generally low, and 30%-50% of the burners of the heating furnace need to be shut down to maintain stable operation of the device. In this way, only some burners are ignited during normal production, and the shut-down burners will inevitably have air leakage. At this time, part of the combustion air will enter the furnace but will not participate in the combustion, resulting in the illusion of high oxygen content in the furnace. At this time, the oxygen supplied for combustion is actually low, so that the fuel gas is not fully burned to generate CO, resulting in high carbon monoxide and oxygen content in the flue gas. Therefore, technical personnel in this field have proposed a gas gun structure for a heating furnace in a chemical device. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a gas gun structure for a heating furnace in a chemical plant, which solves the problems in the above background.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: comprising two combined gun mechanisms and one single gun mechanism, wherein the internal gas gun of each combined gun mechanism is disposed within the combustion air passage, and the first external gas gun of each combined gun mechanism and the second external gas gun of the single gun mechanism are both disposed outside the combustion air passage, wherein the sum of the opening areas of all the internal gas guns, the opening areas of all the first external gas guns, and the opening areas of all the second external gas guns is in a ratio of 4:6 to 6:4;

[0006] Each of the first external gas guns is provided with a first valve, and each of the second external gas guns is provided with a second valve.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the first outer gas gun of each combined gun mechanism is connected to the inner gas gun, a reinforcement plate is installed between each inner gas gun and the first outer gas gun connected thereto near the first valve, and a connecting rod is installed between each inner gas gun and the first outer gas gun connected thereto near the upper end.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a second burner nozzle head is installed at the upper end of each internal combustion gas gun, and two second openings are provided at the end of each second burner nozzle head.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a first burner nozzle is installed at the upper end of each of the first external combustion gas guns, and two first openings are provided at the end of each of the first burner nozzles.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a third burner nozzle is installed at the upper end of the second external combustion gas gun, and two third openings are provided at the end of the third burner nozzle.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the third burner nozzle head has the same size as the first burner nozzle head, the diameters of the first opening and the third opening are both 2.0 mm, and the diameter of the second opening is 2.2 mm.

[0012] Beneficial effects

[0013] The utility model provides a gas gun structure for a heating furnace in a chemical plant. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. The gas gun structure of the heating furnace of the chemical plant has a similar total opening area compared to the original design, but the proportion of internal gas guns reaches about 45%, allowing more fuel gas and combustion air to be fully mixed in the combustion air channel before combustion, thereby reducing the generation of pollutants such as CO. Valves are added to the gas pipelines of each external gas gun, which can be reduced or shut down at low load or other times when necessary, avoiding the waste of fuel gas. The full combustion of fuel gas can slow down the carbon deposition and coking of the burner and extend the service life of the burner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas gun of the heating furnace of a chemical plant;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a side view of the gas gun structure of a heating furnace in a chemical plant;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a side view of the original gas gun;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a top view of the original gas gun.

[0020] In the figure: 1, internal gas gun; 2, first external gas gun; 3, first valve; 4, second external gas gun; 5, second valve; 6, first burner nozzle; 7, first opening; 8, second burner nozzle; 9, second opening; 10, reinforcement plate; 11, connecting rod; 12, third burner nozzle; 13, third opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present disclosure will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the relevant content and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the portions relevant to the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the gas gun structure of the heating furnace of the chemical plant disclosed in the present invention may include: a combined gun mechanism, a single gun mechanism;

[0023] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the combined gun mechanism includes an inner gas gun 1, a first outer gas gun 2, a first valve 3, a first burner nozzle head 6, a first opening 7, a second burner nozzle head 8, a second opening 9, a reinforcing plate 10 and a connecting rod 11;

[0024] The first external gas gun 2 is installed on the side of the internal gas gun 1, the first valve 3 is arranged on the first external gas gun 2, the first burner nozzle head 6 is installed on the upper end of the first valve 3, and multiple first openings 7 with a diameter of 2.0 mm are evenly opened at the end of the first burner nozzle head 6, the second burner nozzle head 8 is installed on the upper end of the internal gas gun 1, and multiple second openings 9 with a diameter of 2.2 mm are evenly opened at the end of the second burner nozzle head 8, a reinforcement plate 10 is installed on the first external gas gun 2 and the internal gas gun 1 and is close to the first valve 3, and a connecting rod 11 is installed between the first external gas gun 2 and the internal gas gun 1 and is close to the upper end.

[0025] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the single-gun mechanism includes a second external combustion gas gun 4, a second valve 5, a third burner nozzle 12, and a third opening 13;

[0026] The second valve 5 is arranged on the second external gas gun 4 , the third burner nozzle head 12 is installed at the upper end of the second external gas gun 4 , and a plurality of third openings 13 with a diameter of 2.0 mm are evenly arranged at the end of the third burner nozzle head 12 .

[0027] Two combination gun mechanisms and one single gun mechanism are installed in the heating furnace, and the second outer gas gun 4 of the combination gun and the single gun mechanism are placed outside the flame-retardant air channel, and the inner gas gun 1 of the combination gun is placed inside the flame-retardant air channel. When in use, each first burner nozzle head 6, second burner nozzle head 8 and third burner nozzle head 12 sprays flames. At this time, the total opening area is 34.04 square millimeters, which is not much different from the original opening area. Since the ratio of the third opening 13 to the first opening 7 and the second opening 9 is 3:2, the ratio of the inner gas gun reaches 45%, so that more fuel gas and combustion-supporting air can be fully mixed and burned in the combustion-supporting air channel, thereby reducing the generation of pollutants such as CO. At the same time, when the heating furnace is under low load, the first valve 3 and the second valve 5 can be used to reduce or close the gas volume of the first outer gas gun 2 and the second outer gas gun 4, and only the inner gas gun 1 is used to achieve energy saving.

[0028] As shown in Table 1 below, according to the flue gas analysis data provided by the heating furnace of a hydrogenation unit, the carbon monoxide content in the flue gas of the heating furnace was significantly reduced by using the modified unit, which was lower than the expected 100 mg / Nm 3 , and the current use effect is good, the device runs stably, and there is no carbon deposition or coking.

[0029] Overview of flue gas analysis data from a hydrogenation unit heating furnace

[0030]

[0031] Table 1

[0032] According to the test data of the heating furnace of the hydrogenation unit of a chemical plant, the flue gas of the heating furnace (flue gas volume 24804m 3 / h) has a significantly higher CO content (average of about 3500ppm), indicating incomplete fuel combustion, resulting in waste of fuel gas. According to the current device, the total fuel gas consumption of the heating furnace is 1175m 3 / h, the fuel gas loss due to incomplete combustion is 32.7m 3 / h. Based on 8400 hours of operation per year, or 350 days, the fuel gas wasted due to incomplete combustion is 32.7×8400=274680m 3According to the current fuel gas price of a chemical plant, 2000 yuan / ton (1.43 yuan / m 3 ), the economic benefits for the whole year are approximately 274680×1.43=393,000 yuan.

[0033] As shown in Table 2 below, the CO content in the flue gas before the transformation was about 3500ppm, which is equivalent to about 4375mg / Nm 3 , according to the CO content in the flue gas after the transformation is 100mg / Nm 3 Calculated based on 350 days per year, CO2 emissions can be reduced by approximately 890 tons.

[0034] Comparison of flue gas emission parameters before and after transformation

[0035]

[0036] Table 2

[0037] After the above transformation, the following effects are expected to be achieved:

[0038] (1) The burner can operate safely under the corresponding working conditions and can withstand the normal operating temperature of the heating furnace in the standby state;

[0039] (2) The burner has a stable flame within the operating elastic range, which is straight and powerful without floating;

[0040] (3) The burner nozzle does not coke or clog within the design load and operating load range;

[0041] (4) The fuel gas and combustion air are fully mixed, and the combustion efficiency is high;

[0042] (5) Flue gas emissions:

[0043] a) Blackness: Ringelmann blackness level 1;

[0044] b) NOx concentration: ≤60mg / Nm 3 (LHV)

[0045] c) CO concentration: ≤100mg / Nm 3 (LHV)

[0046] (6) The gas gun structure must be easy to disassemble, clean or replace during the operation of the heating furnace.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment / method", "some embodiments / methods", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment / method or example are included in at least one embodiment / method or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments / methods or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments / methods or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments / methods or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0048] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above embodiments are merely intended to clearly illustrate the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other changes or modifications may be made based on the above disclosure, and such changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A gas gun structure for a heating furnace in a chemical plant, comprising two combined gun mechanisms and one single gun mechanism, wherein the inner gas gun (1) of each combined gun mechanism is arranged in a combustion air passage, and the first outer gas gun (2) of each combined gun mechanism and the second outer gas gun (4) of the single gun mechanism are both arranged outside the combustion air passage, characterized in that: The sum of the opening areas of all the internal gas guns (1), the opening areas of all the first external gas guns (2), and the opening areas of the second external gas guns (4) is 4:6-6:4; Each of the first external gas guns (2) is provided with a first valve (3), and each of the second external gas guns (4) is provided with a second valve (5).

2. The gas gun structure for heating furnace of chemical plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first outer gas gun (2) of each combined gun mechanism is connected to the inner gas gun (1); a reinforcing plate (10) is installed between each inner gas gun (1) and the first outer gas gun (2) connected thereto, near the first valve (3); and a connecting rod (11) is installed between each inner gas gun (1) and the first outer gas gun (2) connected thereto, near the upper end.

3. The gas gun structure for heating furnace of chemical plant according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second burner nozzle (8) is installed at the upper end of each internal combustion gas gun (1), and two second openings (9) are provided at the end of each second burner nozzle (8).

4. The gas gun structure for heating furnace of chemical plant according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first burner nozzle (6) is installed at the upper end of each of the first external combustion gas guns (2), and two first openings (7) are provided at the end of each of the first burner nozzle heads (6).

5. The gas gun structure for heating furnace of chemical plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third burner nozzle (12) is installed at the upper end of the second external combustion gas gun (4), and two third openings (13) are provided at the end of the third burner nozzle (12).

6. The gas gun structure for heating furnace of chemical plant according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third burner nozzle head (12) and the first burner nozzle head (6) have the same size, the diameters of the first opening (7) and the third opening (13) are both 2.0 mm, and the diameter of the second opening (9) is 2.2 mm.

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