Saline-alkali heterogeneity dynamic in-situ research device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dynamic in-situ research device for saline-alkaline heterogeneity, aiming at solving the problem that the existing research device cannot realize real-time monitoring of crops in saline-alkaline heterogeneity (saline-alkaline inconsistency exists in horizontal and vertical directions) fields. The device comprises a growth box, a vertical isolation plate, a transverse isolation layer, a drip irrigation pipe and a soil monitoring sensor, the growth box comprises an upper-layer box body and a lower-layer box body, the upper-layer box body and the lower-layer box body are arranged in a stacked mode, the upper-layer box body is not provided with a bottom face so that the upper-layer box body and the lower-layer box body can be communicated, and the transverse isolation layer is arranged between the upper-layer box body and the lower-layer box body. The vertical isolation plates are arranged in the upper-layer box body and the lower-layer box body and located on the two sides of the transverse isolation layer, the vertical isolation plates and the transverse isolation layer divide the growth box into a plurality of containing cavities used for containing soil, and the drip irrigation pipes and the soil monitoring sensors are inserted into the side faces of the growth box and located in the containing cavities. The saline-alkali plaque simulation device has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to operate and capable of truly simulating saline-alkali plaques.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agriculture and ecological environment, and in particular to a dynamic in-situ research device for saline-alkali heterogeneity. Background Art

[0002] Soil salinization severely inhibits crop growth and reduces yields, a global challenge hindering the sustainable development of modern agriculture and a persistent focus of attention within the agricultural and environmental fields. Currently, researchers at home and abroad have comprehensively analyzed the mechanisms of crop adaptive growth under uniform salinization and alkali stress, ranging from screening for crop salt- and alkali-tolerant tolerance, creating salt- and alkali-tolerant crop germplasm, and elucidating the molecular mechanisms of salt- and alkali-tolerant tolerance to the synergistic enhancement of crop salt- and alkali-tolerant tolerance by rhizosphere microorganisms and the isolation and colonization of beneficial salt- and alkali-tolerant microorganisms. However, in practice, soil salinization in farmland is patchy and inconsistent in both horizontal and vertical directions, as a result of both natural (freeze-thaw cycles and post-rain evaporation) and artificial (flood irrigation and drip irrigation under mulch). This highly variable and highly variable salinity significantly impacts crop emergence, consistency, and seed set, ultimately impacting yield.

[0003] Due to intense evaporation, dryland farmland rapidly loses surface moisture, and salt accumulates towards the soil surface, resulting in an uneven vertical distribution of salt content in the profile, with the salt content gradually decreasing from the surface to the interior. Furthermore, differences in microtopography lead to varying local hydrological conditions. Low-lying areas are prone to water accumulation, causing salt to accumulate there; whereas highlands may have lower salinity due to good drainage, resulting in an uneven horizontal distribution of salt. Therefore, a single horizontal saline-alkali heterogeneous environment is insufficient to fully reveal the adaptive responses of crops to saline-alkali conditions and the patterns of ion migration. In-depth research is urgently needed to explore the compensatory growth of crops and the patterns of sodium ion transfer under multidimensional saline-alkali heterogeneous conditions to understand how crops achieve efficient nutrient utilization through sodium ion transport in complex saline-alkali environments.

[0004] Existing technologies mainly involve placing two or more soils with inconsistent salinization levels horizontally in the same device, or placing two or more soils with inconsistent salinization levels vertically in the same device, to study the growth characteristics of crops under salinity inconsistency in a single direction. This cannot reflect the characteristics of salinity inconsistency in both horizontal and vertical directions under natural conditions. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a dynamic in-situ research device for saline-alkali heterogeneity, so as to solve the technical problem that existing research devices cannot realize real-time monitoring of crops in fields with saline-alkali heterogeneity (inconsistent saline-alkali in both horizontal and vertical directions).

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A dynamic in situ research device for saline-alkali heterogeneity is designed, comprising a growth chamber, a vertical isolation plate, a horizontal isolation layer, a drip irrigation pipe, and a soil monitoring sensor. The growth chamber comprises an upper chamber and a lower chamber, which are stacked. The upper chamber has no bottom surface, allowing the upper and lower chambers to communicate. The horizontal isolation layer is arranged between the upper and lower chambers. The vertical isolation plates are arranged inside the upper and lower chambers and on both sides of the horizontal isolation layer. The vertical isolation plates and the horizontal isolation layers divide the growth chamber into multiple accommodating chambers for loading soil. The drip irrigation pipe and soil monitoring sensor are plugged into the sides of the growth chamber and located inside the accommodating chambers.

[0008] Furthermore, the top edge of the lower box body is provided with a step portion, and the bottom edge of the upper box body is provided with a convex portion corresponding to the step portion. The butt joint forms a tongue-and-groove shape, which enhances the sealing performance.

[0009] Furthermore, a buckle is provided on the side of the upper box body, and a fastener corresponding to the buckle is provided on the side of the lower box body to ensure the stability of the box body structure.

[0010] Furthermore, a vertical slide groove is provided on the inner side of the growth box, and the vertical isolation plate is provided in the vertical slide groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the transverse isolation layer is a quartz sand layer, which allows crop roots to pass through.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the lower box body is provided with water holes.

[0013] Furthermore, the growth chamber and the vertical isolation layer are both made of acrylic board material.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The research device of the present invention integrates the salinity and alkali degree in the horizontal and vertical directions into one growth space, and can maintain independence, and can truly realize field salinization and alkali patching. The crop roots will grow in different saline-alkali habitats, thereby reflecting the impact of different habitats on the growth of crop plants above ground and underground roots.

[0016] 2. The research device of the present invention can effectively achieve the effect of inconsistent salinity and alkali in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and can be monitored in real time in situ. Soils with different degrees of salinity and alkali in the horizontal and vertical directions are placed in the same growth device. Each soil is independent of each other and can accurately simulate spatial heterogeneity.

[0017] 3. This utility model can accurately simulate the phenomenon of saline-alkali patchiness in dryland farmland, thereby analyzing the growth status of crops in saline-alkali patchy soils. For example, it can clarify the dynamic transfer patterns of sodium ions under saline-alkali patchy conditions, nutrient absorption characteristics, the changing patterns of rhizosphere soil nutrients, and the root-soil-microorganism interaction effects, thereby elucidating the mechanism of efficient crop nutrient utilization under saline-alkali patchy conditions. At the same time, it provides a scientific basis and technical support for the sustainable development of agriculture in saline-alkali lands in arid areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-section of AA.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the new box clip used in this paper.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the use state of the utility model.

[0024] In the figure, there are a growth box 1, a vertical isolation plate 2, a horizontal isolation layer 3, a drip irrigation pipe 4, a soil monitoring sensor 5, an upper box body 11, a lower box body 12, a step portion 13, a raised portion 14, a buckle 15, a fastener 16, and a vertical slide 21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. However, the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention in detail and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

[0026] Example 1: A dynamic in-situ study device for salt-alkali heterogeneity, see Figures 1 to 6 , including a growth box 1, a vertical isolation board 2, a horizontal isolation layer 3, a drip irrigation pipe 4, and a soil monitoring sensor 5. The growth box 1 includes an upper box body 11 and a lower box body 12. The upper box body 11 and the lower box body 12 are stacked. The upper box body 11 does not have a bottom surface so that the upper and lower boxes can be connected. The lower box body 12 has a bottom surface and the bottom surface has water permeable holes.

[0027] The top edge of the lower box 12 is provided with a step 13, and the bottom edge of the upper box is provided with a raised portion 14 corresponding to the step 13. The joint between the upper and lower boxes forms a tongue-and-groove shape, which enhances sealing and makes docking more convenient. As a further improvement, a rotatable buckle 15 can be provided on the side of the upper box 11, and a fastener 16 corresponding to the buckle 15 can be provided on the side of the lower box 12. After the upper and lower boxes are docked, they are locked with a snap to ensure the stability of the box structure.

[0028] A transverse isolation layer 3 is positioned between the upper and lower housings. Vertical isolation panels 2 are positioned within the upper and lower housings, above and below the transverse isolation layer 3. Vertical chutes 21 are provided on the inner side of the growth chamber, within which the vertical isolation panels 2 are positioned. Both the growth chamber 1 and the vertical isolation layer 2 are made of PVC or acrylic sheet. The transverse isolation layer is a layer of quartz sand, which allows crop roots to penetrate. The vertical isolation panels 2 and transverse isolation layer 3 divide the growth chamber into multiple cavities for soil storage. Drip irrigation pipes 4 and soil monitoring sensors 5 are connected to the sides of the growth chamber and located within the cavities.

[0029] In this embodiment, the upper box 11 has an inner diameter of 80.2 cm, a height of 42 cm, a width of 40 cm, and a thickness of 0.8 cm. It is bottomless. The lower box 12 has an inner diameter of 80.2 cm, a width of 40 cm, a height of 42 cm, and a thickness of 0.8 cm. It has a bottom and is provided with holes. The soil isolation plate is 0.2 cm thick, 40 cm wide, and 40 cm high, ensuring that crop roots can grow naturally in the left and right chambers after root separation and during growth. The soil isolation layer is 2 cm thick, 40 cm long, and 40 cm wide. The quartz sand particle size and thickness are selected to ensure that crop roots can continue to grow through the isolation layer while also cutting off the capillary action between the upper and lower layers.

[0030] When used, the following method is used: (1) Step 1: Sampling and pretreatment of soils with different degrees of salinization. Soil sampling is carried out in the salinized patchy area of ​​the field. With the salinized patch as the center point, samples are taken at 1 meter and 1.2 meters away from the center, and soil samples are taken from the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers respectively. Soils at the same distance and soil layer are mixed separately, debris is picked out, sieved, set aside, and the water content is measured. The salinized patchy soil in the arid area is salinized patchy wasteland with a vegetation coverage of less than 50%, a salt content of 0.8%, a pH of 9.0, and a double deficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus (total nitrogen 0.63 g / kg, total phosphorus 0.59 g / kg). The debris in the soil is crop residues, straw, stones, etc. The sieve hole diameter is 2-4 mm.

[0031] (2) Step 2: Load soil samples into the research device at different distances and layers. First, load the salinized soil at 20-30 cm below the 1.0 m and 1.2 m layers prepared in step 1 into the left and right chambers of the lower growth chamber in turn and compact them. Fill the chambers with water until they are saturated and no water leaks from the bottom, then insert soil monitoring sensors and drip irrigation pipes. Then, spread 2 cm of quartz sand and compact it. Then, place the upper growth chamber, align it up and down, and load the salinized soil at 0-20 cm above the 1.0 m and 1.2 m layers prepared in step 1 into the left and right chambers in turn and compact them. Fill the chambers with water until they are saturated and no water leaks from the bottom, then insert soil monitoring sensors and drip irrigation pipes.

[0032] (3) Step 3: Planting crops. Plant the target crops at the upper partition. Divide the root system into two equal parts before planting. Select the planting spacing based on the growth characteristics of the crops. The target crops are salt- and alkali-tolerant crops such as millet, sorghum, and broomcorn millet.

[0033] (4) Step 4: After the crops are planted, soil monitoring sensors are used for real-time monitoring, and drip irrigation pipes are used to maintain the moisture content of each chamber. According to the experimental purpose, the growth of crops in the left and right chambers of the soil partition and the upper and lower chambers of the partition layer is observed after they are expanded into the four chambers with different degrees of salinization.

[0034] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, the various specific parameters in the above embodiments may be changed to form multiple specific embodiments, which are all within the common variation range of the present invention and will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A dynamic in-situ study device for saline-alkali heterogeneity, characterized by: The device comprises a growth chamber, a vertical isolation plate, a horizontal isolation layer, a drip irrigation pipe, and a soil monitoring sensor. The growth chamber comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, which are stacked. The upper box body does not have a bottom surface so that the upper and lower boxes can be connected. The horizontal isolation layer is arranged between the upper and lower boxes. The vertical isolation plates are arranged inside the upper and lower boxes and are located on both sides of the horizontal isolation layer. The vertical isolation plates and the horizontal isolation layers divide the growth chamber into multiple accommodating chambers for loading soil. The drip irrigation pipe and the soil monitoring sensor are plugged into the side of the growth chamber and are located inside the accommodating chambers.

2. The dynamic in-situ research device for salt-alkali heterogeneity according to claim 1, characterized in that: A step portion is provided on the top edge of the lower box body, and a convex portion corresponding to the step portion is provided on the bottom edge of the upper box body.

3. The dynamic in-situ research device for saline-alkali heterogeneity according to claim 2, characterized in that: A buckle is provided on the side of the upper box body, and a fastener corresponding to the buckle is provided on the side of the lower box body.

4. The dynamic in-situ research device for salt-alkali heterogeneity according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical slide groove is provided on the inner side of the growth box, and the vertical isolation plate is arranged in the vertical slide groove.

5. The dynamic in-situ research device for salt-alkali heterogeneity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse isolation layer is a quartz sand layer, which allows crop roots to pass through.

6. The dynamic in-situ research device for salt-alkali heterogeneity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the lower box body is provided with water holes.

7. The dynamic in-situ research device for salt-alkali heterogeneity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The growth chamber and the vertical isolation layer are both made of acrylic board material.

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