Earth and rockfill dam water seepage detection device

Abstract

The earth and rockfill dam water seepage detection device comprises a solar cell panel, a storage battery, a short message module, a detection mechanism and a detection circuit, each set of detection mechanism comprises a probe, a guide pipe and an insulation sleeve, a plurality of fixing grooves are formed in the outer side of the guide pipe, each group of probe is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped metal sheets, the plurality of metal sheets in each group are respectively arranged on the outer side of each group of insulation sleeve, and the inner sides of the plurality of groups of insulation sleeves are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the plurality of fixing grooves; the solar cell panel is installed at the sunny position of the earth and rockfill dam top, and the storage battery, the short message module and the detection circuit are installed in the element box and electrically connected. According to the utility model, the construction cost is saved, the expenditure of electric energy cost is reduced, manual inspection is not needed, the expenditure of labor cost is correspondingly saved, and when water seepage occurs at any monitoring position, a short message can be pushed to a mobile phone of a related manager in time; and favorable technical support is provided for related departments to deal with earth and rockfill dam dangers as early as possible and prevent the earth and rockfill dam from breaking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of earth-rock monitoring equipment, in particular to an earth-rock dam water seepage detection device. Background Art

[0002] Earth-rock dams are widely used due to their adaptability to geological and topographical conditions, readily available materials, and mature construction methods. However, their operational safety is inferior to that of concrete gravity dams and arch dams. According to statistics, between 1956 and 2000, earth-rock dam failures in China accounted for 97.8% of all failures. In reality, the initial stage of an earth-rock dam failure typically begins with leakage, which then progresses to a major failure when leakage reaches a certain level. Existing earth-rock dam safety management involves the deployment of specialized inspectors to conduct regular or irregular safety inspections of earth-rock dams to identify and address any problems as early as possible, thereby preventing the serious secondary disasters caused by a dam failure. However, due to the height and bulk of earth-rock dams, this inspection method requires numerous inspection points, which can be inconvenient for inspectors and cannot guarantee that they can inspect every point. This also increases management personnel costs. In addition, when initial leakage occurs inside the corresponding position of the earth-rock dam and the soil is only soaked without forming water flow (penetrating to the downstream side of the earth-rock dam), the inspection personnel will not be able to check the specific situation in time. More importantly, the manual inspection method cannot guarantee continuity, which means that when serious leakage occurs, it is possible that there will be a time period when there are no inspection personnel, so there is a major safety hazard.

[0003] With the development of science and technology, earth-rock dam safety management technology has also advanced. my country's authorized patent number "202221498539.0," entitled "A Geomembrane-Based Earth-Rock Dam Leakage Defect Inspection Device," states that "In this geomembrane-based earth-rock dam leakage defect inspection device, the water's own buoyancy causes the foam block to float. When the foam block floats, the connecting rod drives the connecting block upward, allowing personnel to easily observe changes in the water level inside the detection tube. This change in water level allows personnel to conveniently inspect the geomembrane's waterproofing." As can be seen from the above, while the comparative patent achieves the claimed utility model's technical effects to a certain extent, like other existing earth-rock dam safety monitoring devices in the field, it also suffers from various problems caused by the need for manual observation of leakage. More importantly, this patent only alerts inspectors when the earth-rock dam is leaking and the water level fluctuates significantly. This means that it cannot effectively alert inspectors when only minor leakage occurs, thus limiting its application. In summary, it is very necessary to provide a device that does not require manual inspection and can alert remote staff as early as possible when water seepage occurs. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the drawbacks of existing earth-rock dam seepage detection equipment due to structural limitations as described in the background, the utility model provides an earth-rock dam seepage detection device that is mainly used for monitoring areas where leakage is prone to occur in earth-rock dams (such as the narrowest part of the earth-rock dam relative to the width). It does not require human on-site inspections. When a small amount of seepage occurs or the water content of the earth-rock dam is slightly higher (on the basis of no water flow), it can promptly notify remote relevant management personnel via SMS, thereby providing favorable technical support for relevant departments to deal with dangerous situations of earth-rock dams as soon as possible and prevent earth-rock dam collapse.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] A device for detecting water seepage in an earth-rock dam comprises a solar panel, a battery, and a text message module, and is characterized in that it also comprises a detection mechanism and a detection circuit. The detection mechanism comprises multiple sets, each set comprising a probe, a guide tube, and an insulating sleeve. The outer side of the guide tube has multiple fixing slots. The probes and insulating sleeves each comprise multiple sets of probes, each set of probes comprising multiple arc-shaped metal sheets. The multiple metal sheets of each set are respectively mounted on the outer side of each set of insulating sleeves at an annular spacing, and the inner sides of the multiple sets of insulating sleeves are respectively mounted on the outer side of the multiple fixing slots. The solar panel is mounted in a sunny position on the top of the earth-rock dam, and the battery, text message module, and detection circuit are mounted in a component box. The two poles of the solar panel are electrically connected to the two poles of the battery, the text message module, and the power input of the detection circuit, and the signal output of the detection circuit is electrically connected to the signal input of the text message module. The guide tubes of the multiple sets of detection mechanisms are respectively inserted into multiple positions of the earth-rock dam body. Among the multiple sets of probes in the detection mechanism, between each two adjacent metal sheets, one metal sheet and the other metal sheet of the multiple sets of probes are electrically connected together and are respectively electrically connected to the two signal inputs of the detection circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the plurality of metal sheets of each group of probes and the outer diameter of the insulating sleeve are smaller than the outer diameter of the guide tube.

[0008] Furthermore, a fixing plate is installed on the outer upper end of the guide tube, and a fixing seat is installed on the upper end of the fixing plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a pointed tapered insertion rod is installed at the lower end of the guide tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the detection circuit includes a diode, a resistor and a transistor that are electrically connected, one end of the resistor is connected to the base of the transistor, and the collector of the transistor is connected to the cathode of the diode.

[0011] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) the present invention is mainly used for monitoring areas where leakage is prone to occur in earth-rock dams (such as the narrowest part of the earth-rock dam). It is powered by solar panels and batteries, and does not require the construction of power supply lines, saving construction costs and reducing electricity costs. Since no human inspection is required, labor costs are also saved accordingly; (2) in the present invention, under the joint action of the detection mechanism and the detection circuit, when water seepage occurs at any monitoring location, it can send text messages in time through the existing mature text message module to push text messages to the mobile phones of relevant managers, which provides favorable technical support for relevant departments to deal with the danger of earth-rock dams as soon as possible and prevent the collapse of earth-rock dams. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and local enlarged structure of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Figure 1 、 2As shown in , 3, the earth-rock dam seepage detection device includes a solar panel G1, a battery G2, a power switch S1, and a text message module W1, and also has a detection mechanism and a detection circuit 1; the detection mechanism has multiple sets, each detection mechanism includes a probe 21, a guide tube 22, and an insulating sleeve 23. The guide tube 22 has multiple concave annular fixing grooves 24 distributed on the outside from top to bottom. There are multiple groups of probes 21 and insulating sleeves 23, each group of probes 21 is composed of multiple arc-shaped copper metal sheets T1N and T2N. The inner rings of each group of multiple metal sheets T1N and T2N are heat-melted and welded to the outside of each group of insulating sleeves 23 at a certain distance, and the interval between every two metal sheets T1N and T2N is about 2 mm. The shape of the outer sides of the multiple metal sheets T1N and T2N is circular, and the multiple groups of insulating sleeves 2 3 (plastic material) are respectively tightly sleeved on the outer sides of multiple fixing grooves 24; the wires welded on the rear sides of the multiple sets of probes 21 are led out to the inner side of the insulating sleeve 23 through the openings of the insulating sleeve 23 (the openings are sealed with sealant), and are introduced into the guide tube 22 through the multiple openings distributed in an annular manner in the multiple fixing grooves 24 (the openings are sealed with sealant), and then led out through the upper end of the guide tube 22; a rubber wire harness tube 25 is tightly sealed inside the upper end of the guide tube 22, and the wires connected to the multiple metal sheets T1N and T2N are tightly sealed in the middle of the wire harness tube 25 and led out to the upper outer end; the solar cell panel G1 is installed in a sunny position on the top of the earth-rock dam through a support frame, and the battery G2, power switch S1, SMS module W1, and detection circuit 1 are installed in the component box 3, and the component box 3 is installed at the lower end of the support frame.

[0017] Figure 1 、 2As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the outer diameter of the multiple metal sheets T1N and T2N of each probe group, as well as the outer diameter of the insulating sleeve, is smaller than the outer diameter of the guide tube 22. A fixing plate 26 is welded to the upper end of the outer side of the guide tube. A hollow fixing seat 27 is welded to the upper end of fixing plate 26 to facilitate insertion of the guide tube 22 into the ground using a hammer or pressure device. The right side of fixing seat 27 has an opening (sealed with sealant), through which the wire harness is led to the right outer end. A tapered insertion rod 28 is welded to the lower end of the guide tube 22 to facilitate insertion of the guide tube into the lower part of the earth-rock dam. The lower end of the guide tube 22 is closed. In this novel design, to minimize the impact of rainfall on the top of the earth-rock dam, the fixed groove at the upper end of the guide tube is located at a certain height (e.g., 2 meters) below the upper end of the guide tube. Furthermore, in extreme cases, if personnel subsequently receive a text message alert indicating potential dam seepage, they can use the internet to determine whether rain has occurred at the dam site (e.g., if heavy rain has occurred at the dam site for several consecutive days, it is possible that groundwater has seeped into the soil). The detection circuit includes a diode VD1, a resistor R1, and a transistor Q1, connected via circuit board wiring. One end of resistor R1 is connected to the base of transistor Q1, and the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the cathode of diode VD1. The guide tubes 22 of the multiple detection mechanisms are inserted from top to bottom at locations on the earth-rock dam body that are particularly prone to water seepage (e.g., from the middle of the narrower part of the dam).

[0018] Figure 1 、 2 As shown in , 3, the two poles of the solar panel G1 and the two poles of the battery G2, the power input terminal of the SMS module W1, and the emitter of the transistor Q1 at the power input terminal of the detection circuit are connected via wires, and the positive pole of the diode VD1 at the signal output terminal of the detection circuit and the signal input terminal 3 pin of the SMS module W1 are connected via wires; in the multiple sets of probes 21 of the multiple sets of detection mechanisms, between every two adjacent metal pieces T1N and T2N, one metal piece T1N and the other metal piece T2N of the multiple sets of probes are respectively connected together via wires, one metal piece T1N of the multiple sets of probes of the multiple sets of detection mechanisms is connected to the positive pole of the battery G2 via a wire, and the other metal piece T2N is connected to the other end of the resistor R1 via a wire.

[0019] Figure 1 、 2As shown in Figure 3, this new device is primarily used for monitoring areas of earth-rock dams prone to leakage (e.g., the narrowest areas of the dam). The guide tubes 22 of multiple detection mechanisms are inserted into the ground through mounting brackets 27 using hammering or pressure equipment (distributed at various locations of the dam prone to leakage). Normally, solar panel G1 generates sunlight to charge battery G2, ensuring normal operation of the device's electrical components at night and on rainy days. (Turning on power switch S1 energizes the SMS module and notification circuit, and also energizes one of the metal plates T1N in the multiple probes of the multiple detection mechanisms.) In actual situations, when there is no water seepage in the earth-rock dam at the corresponding monitoring position (for example, the soil moisture is less than 60%), the resistance value between the corresponding set of probes installed on the guide tube 22 of the corresponding set of detection mechanisms and each adjacent two metal sheets T1N and T2N (each set of probes is equipped with multiple T1N and T2N so that the moisture content of the corresponding soil layer of the earth-rock dam can be detected in the circumferential direction, and the guide tube is equipped with multiple sets of detection heads from top to bottom so that the moisture content of the corresponding soil layer of the earth-rock dam can be detected in the vertical direction and at multiple points as much as possible to achieve better detection effect) is relatively large. In this way, the power output by the battery G2 enters the base of the transistor Q1 through the resistor R1 for voltage reduction and current limiting. The base is lower than the conduction voltage (0.7V) of the transistor Q1, and the transistor Q1 is cut off and no text message is sent. In actual operation, when water seepage occurs in the earth-rock dam at any monitoring position (for example, the soil moisture is greater than 60 %), after the corresponding two metal pieces T1N and T2N of the corresponding set of probes on the guide tube 22 of the corresponding set of detection mechanisms detect that the soil moisture between the two metal pieces T1N and T2N increases and the resistance value decreases, the power output from the battery G2 enters the transistor Q1 through the resistor R1 to reduce the voltage and limit the current. The base of the transistor Q1 is higher than the conduction voltage of the transistor Q1, and the transistor Q1 is turned on. The collector output is low and is unidirectionally conducted through the diode VD1 to enter the 3rd pin of the SMS module W1. Then, the SMS module W1, under the action of the internal circuit, sends a pre-selected and stored SMS message. After the mobile phone of the relevant remote management personnel receives the SMS message, they can promptly learn about the problems of the earth-rock dam. Water seepage occurs at the corresponding location; the management personnel can conduct detailed inspections on the location of the earth-rock dam where the detection mechanism is installed, and find out at which specific location under the earth-rock dam the water seepage occurs (specifically, if the staff cannot visually understand at which specific monitoring location the water seepage occurs when they arrive at the site, they can disconnect the wires connecting the corresponding set of detection mechanisms and the positive pole of the battery and the other end of the resistor R1 one by one, and then use the resistance range of the multimeter to measure the resistance value between each group of multiple metal sheets T1N and T2N, and touch the two test leads of the multimeter to each group of multiple metal sheets T1N and T2N respectively. When the resistance reading is less than 1K, it means that leakage has occurred under the earth-rock dam at the monitoring location).Then, the monitoring position of the earth-rock dam was inspected in detail, and other equipment was used to reinforce it later to prevent major dam collapse accidents (for example, using heavy pressure such as rollers to make the soil layers of the earth-rock dam more compact to prevent water seepage). This provided favorable technical support for relevant departments to deal with the danger of the earth-rock dam as soon as possible and prevent the collapse of the earth-rock dam.

[0020] Figure 3 The battery G2 is 12V / 100Ah; the solar panel G1 has a power of 50W (output voltage 12V, actual no-load voltage is higher than 12V, to facilitate charging the 12V battery G2); the SMS module W1 is YED The A4106 six-input SMS alarm has two power input terminals (pins 1-2) and six low-level trigger terminals (pins 3-8). The internal circuit board has a SIM card, which has one or more SMS messages stored in advance through the SMS module's own function. Each trigger terminal can send a corresponding SMS message when a low-level trigger signal is input; the diode VD1 model is 1N4007; the resistance of resistor R1 is 100Ω (during production, the larger the resistance of the resistor, the higher the relative humidity at the detection point, the more transistor Q1 will turn on, that is, the new humidity detection threshold becomes larger; the smaller the resistance of the resistor, the lower the relative humidity at the detection point, the more transistor Q1 will turn on, that is, the new humidity detection threshold becomes smaller; the specific resistance value is selected by technicians based on the specific detection threshold); transistor Q1 is a 9013 NPN transistor. Figure 3 The components used in the present invention are all existing mature industrial products, and this application does not elaborate on their working principles.

[0021] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0022] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in the embodiments can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An earth-rock dam seepage detection device, comprising a solar panel, a battery, and a text message module, characterized in that: It also has a detection mechanism and a detection circuit; the detection mechanism has multiple sets, each set of detection mechanisms includes a probe, a guide tube, and an insulating sleeve, the outer side of the guide tube has multiple fixing grooves, and there are multiple groups of probes and insulating sleeves respectively, each group of probes is composed of multiple arc-shaped metal sheets, and each group of multiple metal sheets is installed on the outer side of each group of insulating sleeves at a ring-shaped interval, and the inner sides of the multiple groups of insulating sleeves are installed on the outer sides of the multiple fixing grooves respectively; the solar cell panel is installed in a sunny position on the top of the earth-rock dam, the battery, the SMS module, and the detection circuit are installed in the component box, the two poles of the solar cell panel and the two poles of the battery, the SMS module, and the power input end of the detection circuit are electrically connected, and the signal output end of the detection circuit is electrically connected to the signal input end of the SMS module; the guide tubes of the multiple sets of detection mechanisms are respectively inserted into multiple positions of the earth-rock dam body, and in the multiple groups of probes of the detection mechanism, between each two adjacent metal sheets, one metal sheet and the other metal sheet of the multiple groups of probes are electrically connected together, and are electrically connected to the two signal input ends of the detection circuit respectively.

2. The earth-rock dam seepage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the plurality of metal sheets of each probe group and the outer diameter of the insulating sleeve are smaller than the outer diameter of the guide tube.

3. The earth-rock dam seepage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing plate is installed on the outer upper end of the guide tube, and a fixing seat is installed on the upper end of the fixing plate.

4. The earth-rock dam seepage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pointed tapered insertion rod is installed at the lower end of the guide tube.

5. The earth-rock dam seepage detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection circuit comprises a diode, a resistor and a transistor which are electrically connected. One end of the resistor is connected to the base of the transistor, and the collector of the transistor is connected to the cathode of the diode.

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