Fuel injection pump, fuel injection system and diesel engine

Abstract

The utility model provides a fuel injection pump, a fuel injection system and a diesel engine. The oil injection pump comprises a pump body, a shifting fork and an oil pipe connector, an installation cavity is formed in the pump body, a plunger is arranged in the installation cavity in a sliding and rotating mode, a lower bearing disc is arranged at the end of the plunger, the plunger is clamped to the pump body through the lower bearing disc, a shifting plate is fixedly arranged on the circumferential side wall of the plunger, and a shifting rod is arranged at the end, away from the plunger, of the shifting plate. The end, away from the shifting plate, of the shifting rod is provided with an arc-shaped protruding part, one end of the shifting fork is provided with a concave groove, the protruding part is located in the concave groove, and the other end of the shifting fork is provided with a driving mechanism which drives the shifting fork to rotate so that the shifting fork can push the shifting rod to rotate around the axis of the plunger. And a limiting piece for preventing the hose connected with the oil pipe connector from falling off is arranged on the oil pipe connector, so that the problem that in the prior art, the mode that the plunger is driven to rotate through a rack, the rack occupies a large space, and miniaturization of an engine is not facilitated is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel injection pumps, in particular to a fuel injection pump, a fuel injection system and a diesel engine. Background Art

[0002] The fuel injection pump is a key component of a diesel engine or other internal combustion engine. It is mainly composed of a plunger, a plunger sleeve, a spring, a valve seat and other components. It pressurizes the fuel to a high-pressure state through the plunger or electronic control, and accurately delivers the fuel to the fuel injector according to the working rhythm of the engine, so that the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber at high pressure, thereby achieving full combustion of the fuel. The fuel injection pump not only determines the injection amount and injection time of the fuel, but also affects parameters such as combustion efficiency and power output. Its stable operation is crucial to engine performance.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN217055432U discloses a high-power, full-speed-regulating P-type fuel injection pump, which is constructed by sleeve-mounting a gear ring on the outer wall of the plunger sleeve. The plunger cooperates with the oil quantity adjusting screw, and the gear ring is driven to rotate by the movement of the adjusting screw, thereby rotating the plunger and rotating the spiral bevel on the outer wall of the plunger shaft to another position, thereby changing the oil intake. The inventor found that although the rotation of the plunger is achieved by rotating the gear ring meshing with the rack, the rack moves in a straight line, and the length of the rack installed in the engine casing must be able to cover the entire stroke of the plunger, resulting in a larger installation space in the engine casing. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a fuel injection pump, which solves the problem in the prior art of driving the plunger to rotate by a rack, where the rack occupies a large space and is not conducive to engine miniaturization.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the utility model, a fuel injection pump includes a pump body, a shift fork and an oil pipe joint. An installation chamber is provided inside the pump body, and a plunger is provided in the installation chamber so as to slide and rotate. A lower supporting plate is provided at the end of the plunger, and the plunger is clamped on the pump body through the lower supporting plate. A toggle plate is fixedly provided on the circumferential side wall of the plunger, and a toggle rod is provided at the end of the toggle plate away from the plunger. An arc-shaped protrusion is provided at the end of the toggle plate away from the toggle plate, and a concave groove is provided at one end of the shift fork, and the protrusion is located in the concave groove. A driving mechanism for driving the shift fork to rotate so that the shift fork pushes the toggle rod to rotate around the axis of the plunger is provided at the other end of the shift fork. There are several oil pipe joints, which are arranged on the pump body and connected to the installation chamber. A limiting member is provided on the oil pipe joint to prevent the hose connected thereto from falling off.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by fixing a shift plate on the axial outer wall of the plunger, and arranging a shift rod and an arc-shaped protrusion on the shift plate, when the shift fork rotates in a circle under the drive of the driving mechanism, the shift fork drives the arc-shaped protrusion inserted into its concave groove to rotate around the axis of the plunger, thereby rotating the plunger, thereby changing the position of the spiral bevel on the plunger, and then adjusting the amount of oil entering the installation chamber. Since the shift fork that rotates the shift plunger rotates in an arc shape, the range it traverses is small, so that the installation space it occupies in the engine casing is also small, which is convenient for miniaturization of the engine.

[0007] Furthermore, the arc-shaped protrusion includes a hemispherical portion and a conical portion. The hemispherical portion is fixedly arranged at one end of the lever away from the toggle plate, and the conical portion is fixed at one end of the hemispherical portion away from the lever.

[0008] Furthermore, the limiting member is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the oil pipe joint, and the limiting member is in a frustum shape.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of strip-shaped protrusions are provided on the circumferential outer wall of one end of the oil pipe joint close to the pump body.

[0010] Furthermore, an installation notch is provided on the lower supporting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, an annular protrusion is provided on one side of the sinking plate close to the plunger.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a mounting plate, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the pump body, the mounting plate is diamond-shaped, and a mounting hole is opened on the mounting plate.

[0013] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a fuel injection system is also provided.

[0014] On the other hand, a diesel engine is also provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a front view of the pump body of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the plunger installation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower support plate structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] In the above drawings: 1. pump body; 2. plunger; 3. lower support plate; 4. toggle plate; 5. toggle rod; 6. arc-shaped protrusion; 7. fork; 8. drive mechanism; 9. oil pipe joint; 10. limiter; 601. hemispherical portion; 602. conical portion 602; 11. strip-shaped protrusion; 12. mounting notch; 13. annular protrusion; 14. mounting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the embodiment of the utility model proposes a fuel injection pump, including a pump body 1, a shift fork 7 and an oil pipe joint 9. An installation chamber is provided inside the pump body 1, and a plunger 2 is provided in the installation chamber for sliding and rotating. A lower support plate 3 is provided at the end of the plunger 2, and the plunger 2 is clamped on the pump body 1 through the lower support plate 3. A toggle plate 4 is fixedly provided on the circumferential side wall of the plunger 2, and a toggle rod 5 is provided at the end of the toggle plate 4 away from the plunger 2. An arc-shaped protrusion 6 is provided at the end of the toggle plate 4 away from the toggle plate 4, and a concave groove is provided at one end of the shift fork 7, and the protrusion is located in the concave groove. A driving mechanism 8 for driving the shift fork 7 to rotate so that the shift fork 7 pushes the toggle rod 5 to rotate around the axis of the plunger 2 is provided at the other end of the shift fork 7. There are several oil pipe joints 9, which are arranged on the pump body 1 and are connected to the installation chamber. A limiter 10 is provided on the oil pipe joint 9 to prevent the hose connected thereto from falling off. Specifically, the oil pipe joint 9 is connected to the external hose. In this embodiment, there are two oil pipe joints 9, one of which is connected to the oil inlet pipe and the other is connected to the oil return pipe. The oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe are conventional settings of the plunger 2 pump. The specific working principle is not repeated here. The limiter 10 on the oil pipe joint 9 plays a role in stabilizing the connection of the hose connected to the oil pipe joint 9. The driving mechanism 8 is installed in the engine casing. When adjusting the oil supply amount, the driving mechanism 8 is started. The driving mechanism 8 can be selected from the existing technology and can drive the fork 7 to rotate circumferentially. The driving mechanism 8 drives The shift fork 7 rotates, so that the shift fork 7 pushes the shift rod 5 engaged in its concave groove to rotate during the process of rotating along the arc line. The shift rod 5 drives the plunger 2 to rotate, thereby changing the position of the spiral bevel on the plunger 2, and the overlapping area of ​​the spiral bevel and the oil inlet of the injection pump changes, thereby changing the amount of oil entering the installation chamber. Since the device pushes the shift rod 5 to rotate around the axis of the plunger 2 when performing an arc rotation through the shift fork 7, the movable space required for the shift fork 7 during rotation is smaller, so that the installation space required for the engine casing is smaller, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the engine.

[0022] like Figure 1-2As shown, the arcuate protrusion 6 further includes a hemispherical portion 601 and a tapered portion 602. The hemispherical portion 601 is fixedly mounted on the end of the shift lever 5 away from the shift plate 4, while the tapered portion 602 is fixed to the end of the hemispherical portion 601 away from the shift lever 5. When the hemispherical portion 601 contacts the inner wall of the concave groove of the shift fork 7, the friction area is reduced, making the relative movement between the arcuate protrusion 6 and the concave groove smoother. The tapered portion 602 not only facilitates the installation and guidance of the arcuate protrusion 6 within the concave groove, but also ensures that the force applied to the arcuate protrusion 6 is evenly distributed within the tapered portion 602.

[0023] like Figure 1-2 As shown, further, the limiter 10 is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the oil pipe joint 9, and the limiter 10 is truncated. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cross-section of the limiter 10 along the axial direction of the oil pipe joint 9 is an isosceles trapezoid. Preferably, the end of the oil pipe joint 9 away from the pump body 1 is provided with a guiding inclined surface for facilitating the insertion of the hose. After the oil pipe joint 9 is inserted into the hose, the hose abuts against the outer wall of the pump body 1. Since the truncated cone-shaped limiter 10 is provided on the outer wall of the oil pipe joint 9 and the hose has a certain elasticity, after the hose and the oil pipe joint 9 are connected, the maximum diameter of the truncated cone-shaped limiter 10 will fit tightly with the inner wall of the hose. If the hose is to be pulled out, the end of the hose needs to continue to pass over the truncated cone-shaped limiter 10. The limiter 10 increases the friction of the hose movement and the resistance to pulling out the hose.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, further, a plurality of strip-shaped protrusions 11 are provided on the circumferential outer wall of the end of the oil pipe joint 9 close to the pump body 1. Specifically, the strip-shaped protrusions 11 are arranged along the axial direction of the oil pipe joint 9. A through hole for connecting the oil pipe joint 9 is opened on the side wall of the pump body 1. The connection between the oil pipe joint 9 and the pump body 1 adopts an interference fit method. In order to make the oil pipe joint 9 more tightly pressed on the through hole of the pump body 1, a strip-shaped protrusion 11 is provided on the end of the oil pipe joint 9 close to the pump body 1. When the oil pipe joint 9 is pressed into the through hole on the pump body 1, the strip-shaped protrusion 11 will deform, closing the gap between the oil pipe joint 9 and the through hole of the pump body 1, ensuring the sealing effect. The connection between the two is also tighter and will not fall off.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, further, a mounting notch 12 is provided on the lower support plate 3. When the end of the plunger 2 is connected to the sinking plate, the plunger 2 can be first inserted from the mounting notch 12, and then the plunger 2 is moved so that the plunger 2 is located in the center of the lower support plate 3. Preferably, a slot is provided on the side of the lower support plate 3 away from the plunger 2, and the slot is provided for the end of the plunger 2 to be inserted into.

[0026] like Figure 4As shown, further, an annular protrusion 13 is provided on one side of the sinking plate close to the plunger 2. Specifically, a return spring is connected between the plunger 2 and the lower support plate 3, and the annular protrusion 13 can play a positioning and limiting role in the installation of the return spring, facilitating the installation of the return spring.

[0027] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the fuel injection pump 1 is further provided with a mounting plate 14, which is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the pump body 1. The mounting plate 14 is in a diamond shape and has mounting holes formed therein. The mounting plate 14 serves to mount the fuel injection pump in the engine housing. The diamond-shaped mounting plate 14 not only reserves the mounting holes but also reduces the space occupied by the mounting plate 14, leaving space for the installation of other components, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the engine.

[0028] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a fuel injection system, wherein an output end of a fuel injection pump is connected to a fuel injector via a connecting pipe, so that the fuel injection pump delivers fuel to the fuel injector, and the fuel injector atomizes the fuel and injects it into a combustion chamber of an engine.

[0029] Another aspect of the invention provides a diesel engine including a fuel injection system. A fuel pump and a fuel injector are mounted in the engine housing. The fuel pump pumps high-pressure oil into the fuel injector. A small hole at the end of the fuel injector atomizes the high-pressure oil and sprays it into the engine's combustion chamber. The combustion releases energy, pushing the piston to produce work.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model and are not limiting. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A fuel injection pump, characterized in that: include: A pump body (1) is provided with an installation chamber inside the pump body (1), a plunger (2) is provided in a sliding and rotatable manner in the installation chamber, a lower support plate (3) is provided at the end of the plunger (2), the plunger (2) is clamped on the pump body (1) through the lower support plate (3), a toggle plate (4) is fixedly provided on the circumferential side wall of the plunger (2), a toggle rod (5) is provided at one end of the toggle plate (4) away from the plunger (2), and an arc-shaped protrusion (6) is provided at one end of the toggle rod (5) away from the toggle plate (4); A shift fork (7), one end of which is provided with a concave groove, the protrusion being located in the concave groove, and the other end of which is provided with a driving mechanism (8) for driving the shift fork (7) to rotate so as to push the shift rod (5) to rotate around the axis of the plunger (2); The oil pipe joints (9) are multiple and are arranged on the pump body (1) and communicate with the installation chamber. The oil pipe joints (9) are provided with a limiting member (10) for preventing the hose connected thereto from falling off.

2. A fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped protrusion (6) comprises a hemispherical portion (601) and a conical portion (602). The hemispherical portion (601) is fixedly arranged at one end of the shifting rod (5) away from the shifting plate (4), and the conical portion (602) is fixed at one end of the hemispherical portion (601) away from the shifting rod (5).

3. A fuel injection pump as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting member (10) is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the oil pipe joint (9), and the limiting member (10) is in a truncated cone shape.

4. A fuel injection pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of strip-shaped protrusions (11) are provided on the circumferential outer wall of one end of the oil pipe joint (9) close to the pump body (1).

5. A fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower supporting plate (3) is provided with a mounting notch (12).

6. A fuel injection pump according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular protrusion (13) is provided on one side of the sinking plate close to the plunger (2).

7. The fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump also includes a mounting plate (14) which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the pump body (1). The mounting plate (14) is diamond-shaped and has mounting holes.

8. A fuel injection system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fuel injection nozzle and the fuel injection pump according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fuel injection nozzle is connected to the output end of the fuel injection pump through a connecting pipe.

9. A diesel engine, characterized in that: A fuel injection system comprising the fuel injection system of claim 8.

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