Fin type inner friction plate for brake and brake assembly

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fin type inner friction plate and a brake assembly for a brake, a main body of the inner friction plate is of a circular sheet structure, a plurality of fins extending outwards in the radial direction are arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the main body, the thickness of the fins is smaller than that of the main body, and the fins in the thickness direction are located in the middle of the outer cylindrical surface of the main body; the brake assembly comprises a plurality of outer friction plates and a plurality of fin type inner friction plates, the inner friction plates and the outer friction plates are alternately stacked in the axial direction, the inner friction plates and the outer friction plates are coaxial in the radial direction, main bodies of the inner friction plates and the outer friction plates are partially or completely overlapped, and the distance between the single-side end face of each fin and the corresponding-side end face of a main body of each inner friction plate is called the shoulder width. A wave-shaped spring piece is arranged between each fin and the adjacent outer friction plate, the thickness of the wave-shaped spring piece is not larger than the width of the shoulder on the corresponding side, and the free height of the wave-shaped spring piece is larger than the width of the shoulder on the corresponding side. The brake for the coal mining machine is simple in structure, convenient to install and capable of providing convenience for installation of the wave-shaped spring piece, and therefore the problem that the brake for the coal mining machine generates heat abnormally during brake loosening is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an inner friction plate used in a hydraulic brake for a coal mining machine and a brake assembly using the inner friction plate. The inner friction plate is a new type of inner friction plate that helps to solve the problem of abnormal heating when the brake is released. Background Art

[0002] As a shearer's anti-skid device, the brake directly impacts coal mine safety. When the shearer is stopped, the brake is engaged, preventing it from sliding down at a certain angle. When the unit's start command is issued, the brake quickly releases, allowing the shearer to begin moving.

[0003] Existing brakes for coal mining machines usually use disc friction plates. When the brake is released, the internal friction plates rotate and shear the oil film, which can easily cause heat. Moreover, the larger the torque of the brake, the more pairs of friction plates there are, and the more abnormal heating occurs, which often leads to failure and damage of the brake oil chamber seal.

[0004] After research, it was found that the thinner the oil film is, the more likely it is to cause abnormal heating. For this reason, the applicant of this application has improved the brake structure for coal mining machines. Specifically, a separation mechanism is installed to ensure that the adjacent inner and outer friction plates can be effectively separated to the required degree when the brake is released, avoiding the generation of an overly thin oil film. However, the existing friction plate structure is not convenient for the installation of the separation mechanism. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a fin-type inner friction plate and a brake assembly for a brake, which can facilitate the installation of the above-mentioned separation mechanism and thus solve the problem of abnormal heating when the brake of a coal mining machine is released.

[0006] The main technical solutions of this utility model are:

[0007] A fin-type inner friction plate for a brake, whose main body is a circular sheet structure, the inner edge of the main body is provided with a plurality of inner claws extending radially inward, and the outer cylindrical surface of the main body is provided with a plurality of fins extending radially outward, the thickness of the fins is less than the thickness of the main body, and the fins are located in the middle of the outer cylindrical surface of the main body in the thickness direction.

[0008] The plurality of fins are preferably evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0009] The number of fins may be 4-6, and the central angle corresponding to the width of a single fin may be between 20° and 30°.

[0010] The number of inner claws can be 3-5.

[0011] The fin is preferably arranged centrally relative to the main body in the thickness direction.

[0012] A brake assembly comprises a plurality of outer friction plates and a plurality of fin-type inner friction plates for brakes, wherein the main body of the outer friction plate is also a circular sheet structure, wherein the inner and outer friction plates are alternately stacked in the axial direction, and are coaxial in the radial direction, and their main bodies remain partially or completely overlapped, and the outer edge of the main body of the outer friction plate is provided with a plurality of outer claws extending radially outward, and the distance between the single-side end face of the fin and the corresponding side end face of the main body of the inner friction plate is called the shoulder width, and a wave spring plate is arranged between each fin and the adjacent outer friction plate, wherein the thickness of the wave spring plate is not greater than the corresponding side shoulder width, and the free height of the wave spring plate is greater than the corresponding side shoulder width.

[0013] The number of outer jaws can be 5-8.

[0014] When the brake is released, the main body distance between adjacent inner and outer friction plates is preferably maintained at 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

[0015] The thickness of the main body of the inner friction plate is 1.5 mm, the shoulder width is 0.55 mm, and the free height of the wave spring leaf is 1.0 mm.

[0016] The brake assembly may further include a spline sleeve and an outer shell, the inner hole of the spline sleeve being a spline hole, a plurality of axially penetrating external grooves being provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the spline sleeve, the inner friction plate being sleeved on the spline sleeve and the inner claws being embedded in the outer grooves one-to-one and connected to the corresponding outer grooves for sliding back and forth, the inner cylindrical surface of the outer shell being provided with a plurality of axially penetrating internal grooves, the outer friction plate being installed in the inner hole of the outer shell and the outer claws being embedded in the inner grooves one-to-one and connected to the corresponding inner grooves for sliding back and forth.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0018] By setting fins, a two-way axial limit is provided for the wave spring sheet outside the outer cylindrical surface of the inner friction plate, which can ensure that each pair of adjacent inner and outer friction plates can be effectively separated when the brake is released, preventing the gap between the inner and outer friction plates from being too small, resulting in the oil film thickness between the inner and outer friction plates being too thin, and then preventing a large amount of heat caused by the continuous shearing of the thin oil film during the rotation of the inner friction plate, thereby solving the problem of abnormal brake heating caused by shearing the oil film.

[0019] The brake assembly uses a wave spring sheet as a separation mechanism, which has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has reliable separation. The material of the wave spring sheet is usually 65Mn, which can withstand the high temperature during the operation of the coal mining machine brake, especially the local high temperature of more than 100 degrees between the friction plates, compared with rubber materials. It is not easy to age, deform, or even burn out, and is more reliable in operation and has a longer service life.

[0020] The force of the wave spring sheet to open the outer friction plate acts on the outer friction plate in multiple areas evenly distributed on the entire annular plane, so that the axial force on the outer friction plate is more uniform and there will be no tilting or jamming. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A front view of an embodiment of the fin-type inner friction plate for a brake;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional view;

[0023] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the brake assembly (in the brake holding state);

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 K magnified image;

[0025] Figure 5 To adopt Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a coal mining machine brake of the brake assembly shown.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Piston; 2. Cylinder; 3. Spring; 4. Spline sleeve; 5. Housing; 6. Inner friction plate; 61. Main body of the inner friction plate; 62. Inner claw; 63. Fin; 7. Outer friction plate; 8. Rear cover; 9. Wave spring plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the utility model discloses a fin-type internal friction plate 6 (hereinafter referred to as the internal friction plate) for a brake. Its main body 61 is an annular sheet-like structure. The inner edge of the main body is provided with multiple radially inwardly extending inner claws 62. The outer cylindrical surface of the main body is provided with multiple radially outwardly extending fins 63. The thickness of the fins is less than that of the main body. In the thickness direction, the fins are located in the middle of the outer cylindrical surface of the main body, that is, there is a distance between the end surface of one side of the fin and the corresponding end surface of the inner friction plate main body. The outer cylindrical surface of the main body on both sides of the fin in the axial direction can be used to install wave springs 9, i.e., the aforementioned separation mechanism.

[0029] The multiple fins are preferably evenly distributed circumferentially to facilitate processing and provide a more stable axial limiting effect on the wave spring sheet.

[0030] The number of fins can be 4-6, and the fins are preferably fan-shaped. The central angle corresponding to the width of a single fin can be between 20° and 30°, ensuring that the width of a single fin and the total width of all fins reach a certain level, ensuring that the fins better play an axial limiting role on the wave spring sheet.

[0031] The number of inner claws can be 3-5.

[0032] The fin is preferably arranged centered relative to the main body in the thickness direction, so that the wave spring sheets installed on multiple inner friction plates in the same brake assembly using the inner friction plate have the same specifications, are easy to manage, and the force driving each pair of adjacent inner and outer friction plates to bounce apart is uniform.

[0033] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the present invention also discloses a brake assembly comprising a plurality of outer friction plates 7 and a plurality of fin-type inner friction plates 6 for use in the brake. The outer friction plates are also annular in shape. The inner and outer friction plates are alternately stacked in the axial direction and coaxial in the radial direction, with their respective bodies partially or completely overlapping. The annular disc surfaces of the bodies of adjacent inner and outer friction plates form a set of friction pairs, and the brake has multiple sets of friction pairs. The outer edge of the body of the outer friction plate is provided with a plurality of radially outwardly extending outer claws. For simplicity of expression, the distance between a single end face of the fin and the corresponding side end face of the body of the inner friction plate can be referred to as the shoulder width w. A wave spring plate 9 is provided between each fin and the adjacent outer friction plate. The thickness of the wave spring plate is not greater than the corresponding side shoulder width w, and the free height of the wave spring plate is greater than the corresponding side shoulder width w.

[0034] During brake application, the wave spring is nearly flattened and positioned between the fin and the adjacent outer friction plate. Because the free height of the wave spring is greater than the shoulder width w, once the axial pressure during brake application is removed, the wave spring expands axially to its free height, evenly pushing the adjacent inner and outer friction plates apart. This prevents the gap between the inner and outer friction plates from being too small, leading to an excessively thin oil film between them. This in turn prevents excessive heat generation caused by the inner friction plate continuously shearing the thin oil film as it rotates, thereby resolving the issue of abnormal brake heating caused by shearing the oil film.

[0035] When the brake is running, the temperature is high, especially the local temperature between the friction plates is higher, which may reach more than 100 degrees. The material of the wave spring sheet is usually 65Mn, which is not easy to age, deform or even burn out compared with rubber material, and is more reliable in operation and has a longer service life.

[0036] The wave spring is naturally positioned in the annular space formed by the outer cylindrical surface of the inner friction plate, the inner friction plate's fins, and the adjacent outer friction plate. The structure is very simple and easy to assemble. Furthermore, the wave spring's force to open the outer friction plate acts on the outer friction plate in multiple areas evenly distributed across the entire annular plane, making the axial force on the outer friction plate more uniform and preventing tilting or jamming.

[0037] The number of outer jaws can be 5-8.

[0038] When releasing the brake, the main body distance between adjacent inner and outer friction plates is preferably maintained at 0.3-0.5mm. This can not only avoid abnormal heating caused by the thin oil film sheared during the rotation of the inner friction plate, but also avoid insensitive braking caused by the thick oil film between the inner and outer friction plates.

[0039] In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the thickness of the main body of the inner friction plate is 1.5 mm, the shoulder width is 0.55 mm, the thickness of the wave spring plate is 0.4 mm, and the free height is 1.0 mm.

[0040] The brake assembly may further include a splined sleeve 4 and a housing 5. The inner hole of the splined sleeve is a splined hole, and the outer cylindrical surface of the splined sleeve is provided with a plurality of axially extending external grooves. The inner friction plate is mounted on the splined sleeve, and the inner claws are embedded in the outer grooves one-to-one and connected to the corresponding outer grooves in a forward and backward sliding manner. The housing is a circular disk-like component, and the inner cylindrical surface of the housing is provided with a plurality of axially extending internal grooves. The outer friction plate is installed in the inner hole of the housing, and the outer claws are embedded in the inner grooves one-to-one and connected to the corresponding inner grooves in a forward and backward sliding manner. The external grooves are used to limit the rotation of the outer friction plate, and the internal grooves are used to synchronize the rotation or stop of the splined sleeve and the inner friction plate. The external and internal grooves are preferably evenly distributed around the circumference of their respective axes.

[0041] The front and rear ends of the brake assembly are outer friction plates. Since the outer friction plates do not rotate, unnecessary collision and wear between the brake assembly and other structural parts at the front and rear ends can be avoided when assembling the brake.

[0042] Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of an embodiment of the brake assembly applied to a shearer disc brake. The brake also includes a rear cover 8 and a single-rod piston cylinder. The single-rod piston cylinder serves as the brake's operating mechanism and comprises a cylinder barrel 2, a piston 1, and a spring 3. The front and rear chambers of the single-rod piston cylinder are respectively a rodless chamber and a rod chamber. The rodless chamber houses a spring 3, which remains compressed. The rod chamber is connected to a low-pressure hydraulic control circuit. The rear cover is a circular disc-like component. The cylinder barrel, outer shell, and rear cover of the single-rod piston cylinder are arranged in sequence from front to back and coaxially fixed together by long bolts. A circular groove is defined on the extended end surface of the piston rod of the single-rod piston cylinder. The front and rear portions of the spline sleeve are respectively positioned within the circular groove and the central through-hole of the rear cover. The spline sleeve and rear cover are positioned axially and radially by stoppers, and rearward movement of the spline sleeve is limited by a retaining ring mounted on the rear cover. The piston rod and rear cover 8 of the single-rod piston cylinder axially limit the friction plate assembly from the front and rear directions, respectively.

[0043] Circular stoppers allow for axial and radial positioning between the cylinder 2 and the housing 5. Circular stoppers also allow for axial and radial positioning between the housing 5 and the rear cover 8. In the accompanying drawings, the housing is a ring without a stopper. The rear end of the cylinder and the front end of the rear cover each have a circular outer stopper. Sealing gaskets are provided at the junction of the rear end of the cylinder and the front end of the rear cover with the housing.

[0044] When oil returns to the rod chamber, piston 1 in the piston cylinder moves backward under the thrust of spring 3. The axial pressure of spring 3 compresses the inner and outer friction plates against each other through the piston, causing the brake to engage. In this engaged state, the adjacent inner and outer friction plates are in close contact and do not rotate relative to each other. The splined sleeve also remains stationary with the inner friction plate relative to the housing, applying a braking torque to the drive shaft mounted in the splined sleeve. The wave spring is axially compressed between the fins of the outer friction plate and the adjacent inner friction plate. Due to the low spring force of the wave spring, it does not affect the braking torque. When oil enters the rod chamber, piston 1 moves forward under the action of hydraulic pressure, overcoming the spring force of spring 3. This removes the axial pressure between the adjacent inner and outer friction plates, releasing the brake. The splined sleeve drives the inner friction plate to rotate relative to the housing, thus not affecting the rotation of the drive shaft.

[0045] The front and back mentioned in this article correspond to Figure 3 、 5 Left and right in the perspective are for the convenience of expression, not for limiting the absolute direction.

Claims

1. A fin-type internal friction plate for a brake, characterized by: Its main body is a circular sheet structure, the inner edge of the main body is provided with multiple inner claws extending radially inward, and the outer cylindrical surface of the main body is provided with multiple fins extending radially outward. The thickness of the fins is less than the thickness of the main body, and the fins are located in the middle of the outer cylindrical surface of the main body in the thickness direction.

2. The fin-type internal friction plate for a brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple fins are evenly distributed around the circumference.

3. The fin-type internal friction plate for a brake according to claim 1, wherein: The number of fins is 4-6, and the central angle corresponding to the width of a single fin is between 20° and 30°.

4. The fin-type internal friction plate for a brake according to claim 1, wherein: The number of inner claws is 3-5.

5. The fin-type inner friction plate for a brake according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The fin is centrally arranged relative to the main body in the thickness direction.

6. A brake assembly, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of outer friction plates and a plurality of fin-type inner friction plates for brakes as described in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the main body of the outer friction plate is also a circular sheet structure, the inner and outer friction plates are alternately stacked in the axial direction, and the inner and outer friction plates are coaxial in the radial direction and their respective main bodies remain partially or completely overlapped, the outer edge of the main body of the outer friction plate is provided with a plurality of outer claws extending radially outward, the distance between the single-side end face of the fin and the corresponding side end face of the main body of the inner friction plate is called the shoulder width, a wave spring plate is arranged between each fin and the adjacent outer friction plate, the thickness of the wave spring plate is not greater than the corresponding side shoulder width, and the free height of the wave spring plate is greater than the corresponding side shoulder width.

7. The brake assembly according to claim 6, wherein: The number of outer jaws is 5-8.

8. The brake assembly according to claim 6, wherein: When the brake is released, the main body distance between adjacent inner and outer friction plates is maintained at 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

9. The brake assembly according to claim 6, wherein: The thickness of the main body of the inner friction plate is 1.5 mm, the shoulder width is 0.55 mm, and the free height of the wave spring leaf is 1.0 mm.

10. The brake assembly according to claim 6, 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that: It also includes a spline sleeve and an outer shell. The inner hole of the spline sleeve is a spline hole. The outer cylindrical surface of the spline sleeve is provided with a plurality of axially penetrating external grooves. The inner friction plate is sleeved on the spline sleeve and the inner claws are embedded in the outer grooves one by one and are connected to the corresponding outer grooves for sliding back and forth. The inner cylindrical surface of the outer shell is provided with a plurality of axially penetrating internal grooves. The outer friction plate is installed in the inner hole of the outer shell and the outer claws are embedded in the inner grooves one by one and are connected to the corresponding inner grooves for sliding back and forth.

Images