External multi-stage coil full-channel magneto-rheological damper

Abstract

The utility model discloses an external multi-stage coil full-channel magneto-rheological shock absorber which mainly comprises a support, an end cover, a spring, a piston rod, a piston, an inner cylinder barrel, an outer cylinder barrel, a winding cylinder barrel, a magnetism isolating ring, a magnet exciting coil and the like. According to the magneto-rheological shock absorber, the magnet exciting coils are externally arranged and are arranged in a polarity alternating mode, meanwhile, the magnetism isolating rings are reasonably arranged, magnetic lines vertically pass through the whole section of liquid flow channel, the utilization rate of a magnetic field is effectively increased, and larger controllable damping force can be obtained. The magnet exciting coil is arranged externally, so that the magnet exciting coil is convenient to disassemble and maintain, and meanwhile, the influence of working heat on the magnetorheological fluid performance can be avoided. The shock absorber cylinder barrel and the spring are arranged in parallel, so that the shock absorber has the functions of relieving impact and reducing vibration at the same time. The shock absorber is stable in performance, compact in structure, large in output damping force and particularly suitable for the field of automobile shock absorption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a magnetorheological vibration damper, in particular to an external multi-stage coil full-channel magnetorheological vibration damper. Background Art

[0002] Magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is a new type of intelligent fluid that can transform from a liquid to a near-solid state under the influence of a magnetic field and then return to a liquid state upon removal of the magnetic field, with the transformation process occurring in milliseconds. Using MRF as a transmission medium, a variety of MR smart devices have been developed and widely used. A typical MR smart device is the MR damper. An input current generates an electromagnetic field within the damper, which in turn controls the viscosity of the MR fluid, resulting in a controllable output damping force.

[0003] Traditional magnetorheological dampers typically have a set of excitation coils wound around the piston head. Prolonged contact with the magnetorheological fluid can lead to corrosion and short circuits, making replacement and maintenance difficult. Furthermore, the heat generated by the excitation coils can affect the performance of the magnetorheological fluid. Furthermore, the magnetorheological effect occurs only in the region where magnetic lines of force pass perpendicularly, known as the effective damping gap. Traditional magnetorheological dampers typically have fluid flow channels located between the piston head and the cylinder barrel, with the effective damping gap limited to just two sections on the left and right sides of the piston head. This results in low magnetic field utilization and limited output damping force. A common method for increasing output damping force is to increase the piston head length, thereby lengthening the effective damping gap, but this increases the size of the damper.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional magnetorheological dampers only dissipate vibration energy and are unable to cushion transient vibration shocks. These factors result in low damping output, unstable performance, and difficulty in replacement and maintenance, limiting their widespread use in automotive vibration reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems of the magnetorheological damper described in the prior art and further meet the practical application requirements of magnetorheological dampers, the present invention proposes a full-channel magnetorheological damper with external multi-stage coils. The damper has a gap between the middle and inner cylinders, forming a fluid flow channel. Four evenly distributed waist-shaped holes are machined on both ends of the inner cylinder. The magnetorheological fluid in the cylinders is squeezed by the piston head and flows through the waist-shaped holes into the fluid flow channel. Furthermore, five sets of excitation coils with alternating polarity are evenly arranged in the damper, and magnetic isolation rings are placed between each of the five sets of excitation coils. When current is applied to the excitation coils, the magnetic induction intensity between adjacent excitation coils is enhanced due to the opposite polarity of the adjacent excitation coils. At the same time, due to the presence of the magnetic isolation rings, the magnetic lines of force generated by the excitation coils pass perpendicularly through the entire fluid flow channel, forming an effective full-channel damping gap in the magnetorheological damper. This effectively improves magnetic field utilization and increases the output damping force without increasing the size of the damper. The external excitation coil facilitates maintenance and replacement while preventing contact with the magnetorheological fluid, which could affect performance. Furthermore, a set of springs connected in parallel to the shock absorber effectively mitigates shock and vibration, further improving damping performance. Compared to traditional magnetorheological shock absorbers, this shock absorber offers stable performance, a compact structure, and greater output damping force, making it more suitable for automotive vibration reduction applications.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem includes: a left support (1), a left piston rod (2), a spring (3), a left end cover (4), an outer cylinder (5), a winding cylinder I (6), a magnetic isolation ring I (7), a winding cylinder II (8), a magnetic isolation ring II (9), a winding cylinder III (10), a magnetic isolation ring III (11), a winding cylinder IV (12), a magnetic isolation ring IV (13), a winding cylinder V (14), a magnetic isolation ring V (15), a winding cylinder VI (16), a right support (17), a right piston rod (18), a right end cover (19), an inner cylinder (20), an excitation coil I (21), an excitation coil II (22), a piston head (23), an excitation coil III (24), an excitation coil IV (25) and an excitation coil V (26). 6); the left support (1) and the left piston rod (2) are fixedly connected by threads; a circular through hole is processed in the middle of the left end cover (4); the left piston rod (2) and the inner surface clearance of the circular through hole of the left end cover (4) are matched, and are sealed by a sealing ring; the left end cover (4) and the inner surface clearance of the inner cylinder (20) are matched, and are sealed by a sealing ring; the right end of the winding cylinder I (6) and the left end of the magnetic isolation ring I (7) are interference matched, and are fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the magnetic isolation ring I (7) and the left end of the winding cylinder II (8) are interference matched, and are fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the winding cylinder II (8) and the left end of the magnetic isolation ring II (9) are interference matched, and are fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the magnetic isolation ring II (9) and the left end of the winding cylinder III (10) are interference matched, and are fixedly connected by welding. The right end of the winding cylinder barrel III (10) is interference-fitted with the left end of the magnetic isolation ring III (11) and fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the magnetic isolation ring III (11) is interference-fitted with the left end of the winding cylinder barrel IV (12) and fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the winding cylinder barrel IV (12) is interference-fitted with the left end of the magnetic isolation ring IV (13) and fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the magnetic isolation ring IV (13) is interference-fitted with the left end of the winding cylinder barrel V (14) and fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the winding cylinder barrel V (14) is interference-fitted with the left end of the magnetic isolation ring V (15) and fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the magnetic isolation ring V (15) is interference-fitted with the left end of the winding cylinder barrel VI (16) and fixedly connected by welding; the winding cylinder barrel I (6), the magnetic isolation ring I (7), the winding cylinder barrel The cylinder II (8), the magnetic isolation ring II (9), the winding cylinder III (10), the magnetic isolation ring III (11), the winding cylinder IV (12), the magnetic isolation ring IV (13), the winding cylinder V (14), the magnetic isolation ring V (15) and the winding cylinder VI (16) form an intermediate cylinder (101); a groove is formed between the winding cylinder I (6), the magnetic isolation ring I (7) and the winding cylinder II (8), and the excitation coil V (26) is wound clockwise in the groove; a groove is formed between the winding cylinder II (8), the magnetic isolation ring II (9) and the winding cylinder III (10), and the excitation coil IV (25) is wound counterclockwise in the groove; a groove is formed between the winding cylinder III (10), the magnetic isolation ring III (11) and the winding cylinder IV (12), and the excitation coil III (24) is wound clockwise in the groove;A groove is formed between the winding cylinder IV (12), the magnetic isolation ring IV (13) and the winding cylinder V (14), and the excitation coil II (22) is wound counterclockwise in the groove; a groove is formed between the winding cylinder V (14), the magnetic isolation ring V (15) and the winding cylinder VI (16), and the excitation coil I (21) is wound clockwise in the groove; the winding cylinder II (8), the winding cylinder III (10), the winding cylinder IV (12), the winding cylinder V (14) and the winding cylinder VI (16) are processed with lead grooves, the right end cover (19) and the right support (17) are processed with lead holes, and the excitation coil I (21) and the excitation coil II (2 2) The wires of the excitation coil III (24), the excitation coil IV (25) and the excitation coil V (26) are led out through the lead groove and the lead hole; the intermediate cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (20) are clearance-matched, and a liquid flow channel is formed between the two; the outer surface of the intermediate cylinder (101) and the inner surface of the outer cylinder (5) are interference-fitted; the right end face of the left end cover (4) is processed with an annular groove, and the left end faces of the outer cylinder (5), the intermediate cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (20) are tightly fitted with the annular groove of the right end face of the left end cover (4) and are fastened by bolts; a circular through hole is processed in the middle of the piston head (23), The left piston rod (2) and the circular through hole of the piston head (23) are interference fit and axial positioning is performed by a shaft shoulder; the right end of the left piston rod (2) is processed with an external thread, and the left end of the right piston rod (18) is processed with an internal thread. The left piston rod (2), the right piston rod (18) and the piston head (23) are fixedly connected by threads; the outer circumferential surface of the piston head (23) is clearance-matched with the inner circumferential surface of the inner cylinder (20) and sealed by a sealing ring; a circular through hole is processed in the middle of the right end cover (19), the right piston rod (18) and the inner surface of the circular through hole of the right end cover (19) are clearance-matched and sealed by a sealing ring; the right end cover (19) and the inner circumferential surface of the inner cylinder (20) are clearance-matched and sealed by a sealing ring; the left end face of the right end cover (19) is processed with an annular groove, and the outer cylinder ( 5) The right end faces of the middle cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (20) are tightly fitted with the annular groove of the left end face of the right end cover (19), and the right end face of the right end cover (19) is tightly fitted with the left end face of the right support (17) and fastened by bolts; the right end face of the left support (1) is fixedly connected to the left side of the spring (3), the inner circumferential surface of the spring (3) is clearance-matched with the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder (5), and the right side of the spring (3) is fixedly connected to the left end face of the right support (17).

[0007] Compared with the background technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0008] (1) The shock absorber is equipped with five sets of excitation coils with alternating polarity. At the same time, a magnetic isolation ring is added to each coil. When the excitation coil is energized, the magnetic lines of force generated will pass vertically through the entire fluid flow channel, forming a full-channel effective damping gap, which effectively improves the utilization rate of the magnetic field and the damping performance of the shock absorber.

[0009] (2) The shock absorber places the coil externally, avoiding direct contact between the excitation coil and the magnetorheological fluid, effectively solving the problem of heat affecting the performance of the magnetorheological fluid, and also facilitating the replacement and maintenance of the excitation coil. In addition, the piston head structure is simpler and the overall structure of the shock absorber is compact, effectively ensuring the working stability of the shock absorber;

[0010] (3) A set of parallel springs is set outside the shock absorber, so that it can simultaneously have the functions of alleviating sudden impacts and dissipating vibration energy. Compared with traditional magnetorheological shock absorbers, the magnetorheological shock absorber of this utility model can achieve compact structure, superior damping performance and high working stability, and is more suitable for use in the field of automobile vibration reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model.

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inner cylinder of the utility model.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid flow channel distribution of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the magnetic force line distribution of the excitation coil of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the left end cover of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the utility model comprises: a left support (1), a left piston rod (2), a spring (3), a left end cover (4), an outer cylinder (5), a winding cylinder I (6), a magnetic isolation ring I (7), a winding cylinder II (8), a magnetic isolation ring II (9), a winding cylinder III (10), a magnetic isolation ring III (11), a winding cylinder IV (12), a magnetic isolation ring IV (13), a winding cylinder V (14), a magnetic isolation ring V (15), a winding cylinder VI (16), a right support (17), a right piston rod (18), a right end cover (19), an inner cylinder (20), an excitation coil I (21), an excitation coil II (22), a piston head (23), an excitation coil III (24), an excitation coil IV (25) and an excitation coil V (26).

[0018] Figure 2The three-dimensional structure diagram of the inner cylinder of the utility model is shown. The left and right ends of the inner cylinder (20) are processed with four evenly distributed waist-shaped holes, and the magnetorheological fluid in the inner cylinder (20) can flow into the liquid flow channel through the waist-shaped holes.

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the fluid flow channel of the present invention. The inner cylinder (20) and the middle cylinder (101) are clearance-matched, forming a fluid flow channel between the two. The waist-shaped holes at the left and right ends of the inner cylinder (20) and the fluid flow channel between the inner cylinder (20) and the middle cylinder (101) connect the left and right chambers of the shock absorber.

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the magnetic field line distribution of the excitation coil of the present invention. The inner cylinder (20), outer cylinder (5), winding cylinder I (6), winding cylinder II (8), winding cylinder III (10), winding cylinder IV (12), winding cylinder V (14), and winding cylinder VI (16) are all made of No. 10 steel magnetic conductive material, and the magnetic isolation ring I (7), magnetic isolation ring II (9), magnetic isolation ring III (11), magnetic isolation ring IV (13), and magnetic isolation ring V (15) are all made of stainless steel non-magnetic conductive material. Taking the excitation coil V (26) as an example, the magnetic field lines generated by the electromagnetic effect pass through the winding cylinder I (6), inner cylinder (20), winding cylinder II (8), and outer cylinder (5) in sequence, forming a closed loop. Five groups of excitation coils are evenly wound on the middle cylinder (101). Excitation coil I (21), excitation coil III (24), and excitation coil V (26) are wound clockwise in the groove, and excitation coil II (22) and excitation coil IV (25) are wound counterclockwise in the groove, forming an arrangement with alternating polarities. When current is applied, the magnetic lines of force between the two excitation coils overlap.

[0021] Figure 5 The left end cover (4) is processed with two annular grooves on the right end surface, which are used for fastening and fixing the outer cylinder (5), the middle cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (20) respectively.

[0022] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0023] When subjected to external shock vibration, the left support (1) and the right support (17) will produce relative displacement, and the spring (2) connecting the left support (1) and the right support (17) will undergo elastic deformation, playing a buffering role; at the same time, the left support (1) and the left piston rod (2) are connected together, which will drive the piston head (23) to reciprocate in the shock absorber. The magnetorheological fluid is squeezed by the piston head (23) and flows back and forth through the liquid flow channel in the left and right chambers. When current is passed through the excitation coil I (21), the excitation coil II (22), the excitation coil III (24), the excitation coil IV (25) and the excitation coil V (26), the magnetic lines of force generated by the electromagnetic effect pass through and are perpendicular to the entire liquid flow channel. Under the action of the magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid flowing through the liquid flow channel will produce a magnetorheological effect. The viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid increases with the increase of magnetic induction intensity, thereby generating a controllable damping force, hindering the reciprocating motion of the piston head (23), and thus achieving the effect of suppressing vibration. According to different vibration levels, the input current can be controlled to achieve adaptive adjustment of the damping force and obtain better vibration reduction performance.

Claims

1. An external multi-stage coil full-channel magnetorheological damper, characterized in that include: Left support (1), left piston rod (2), spring (3), left end cover (4), outer cylinder (5), winding cylinder I (6), magnetic isolation ring I (7), winding cylinder II (8), magnetic isolation ring II (9), winding cylinder III (10), magnetic isolation ring III (11), winding cylinder IV (12), magnetic isolation ring IV (13), winding cylinder V (14), magnetic isolation ring V (15), winding cylinder VI (16), right support (17), right piston rod (18), right end cover (19), inner cylinder (20), excitation coil I (21), excitation coil II (22), piston head (23), excitation coil III (24), excitation coil IV (25) and excitation coil V (26); left support (1) and left piston rod (2) The left end cover (4) is fixedly connected by a thread; a circular through hole is processed in the middle of the left end cover (4); the left piston rod (2) and the inner surface of the circular through hole of the left end cover (4) are in clearance fit and are sealed by a sealing ring; the left end cover (4) and the inner surface of the inner cylinder (20) are in clearance fit and are sealed by a sealing ring; the right end of the winding cylinder I (6) and the left end of the magnetic isolation ring I (7) are in interference fit and are fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the magnetic isolation ring I (7) and the left end of the winding cylinder II (8) are in interference fit and are fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the winding cylinder II (8) and the left end of the magnetic isolation ring II (9) are in interference fit and are fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the magnetic isolation ring II (9) and the left end of the winding cylinder III (10) are in interference fit and are fixedly connected by welding; the winding cylinder III (10) The right end is interference fit with the left end of the magnetic isolation ring III (11) and is fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the magnetic isolation ring III (11) is interference fit with the left end of the winding cylinder IV (12) and is fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the winding cylinder IV (12) is interference fit with the left end of the magnetic isolation ring IV (13) and is fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the magnetic isolation ring IV (13) is interference fit with the left end of the winding cylinder V (14) and is fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the winding cylinder V (14) is interference fit with the left end of the magnetic isolation ring V (15) and is fixedly connected by welding; the right end of the magnetic isolation ring V (15) is interference fit with the left end of the winding cylinder VI (16) and is fixedly connected by welding; the winding cylinder I (6), the magnetic isolation ring I (7), the winding cylinder II (8), The magnetic isolation ring II (9), the winding cylinder III (10), the magnetic isolation ring III (11), the winding cylinder IV (12), the magnetic isolation ring IV (13), the winding cylinder V (14), the magnetic isolation ring V (15) and the winding cylinder VI (16) form an intermediate cylinder (101); a groove is formed between the winding cylinder I (6), the magnetic isolation ring I (7) and the winding cylinder II (8), and the excitation coil V (26) is wound clockwise in the groove; a groove is formed between the winding cylinder II (8), the magnetic isolation ring II (9) and the winding cylinder III (10), and the excitation coil IV (25) is wound counterclockwise in the groove; a groove is formed between the winding cylinder III (10), the magnetic isolation ring III (11) and the winding cylinder IV (12), and the excitation coil III (24) is wound clockwise in the groove;A groove is formed between the winding cylinder IV (12), the magnetic isolation ring IV (13) and the winding cylinder V (14), and the excitation coil II (22) is wound counterclockwise in the groove; a groove is formed between the winding cylinder V (14), the magnetic isolation ring V (15) and the winding cylinder VI (16), and the excitation coil I (21) is wound clockwise in the groove; the winding cylinder II (8), the winding cylinder III (10), the winding cylinder IV (12), the winding cylinder V (14) and the winding cylinder VI (16) are processed with lead grooves, the right end cover (19) and the right support (17) are processed with lead holes, and the excitation coil I (21), the excitation coil II (22) and the excitation coil III are processed with lead holes. (24), the wires of the excitation coil IV (25) and the excitation coil V (26) are led out through the lead groove and the lead hole; the intermediate cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (20) are positioned by the left end cover (4) and the right end cover (19), and a liquid flow channel is formed between the two; the outer surface of the intermediate cylinder (101) and the inner surface of the outer cylinder (5) are interference fit; the right end face of the left end cover (4) is processed with an annular groove, and the left end faces of the outer cylinder (5), the intermediate cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (20) are tightly fitted with the annular groove of the right end face of the left end cover (4) and are fastened by bolts; a circular through hole is processed in the middle of the piston head (23), The left piston rod (2) and the circular through hole of the piston head (23) are interference fit and axial positioning is performed by a shaft shoulder; the right end of the left piston rod (2) is processed with an external thread, and the left end of the right piston rod (18) is processed with an internal thread. The left piston rod (2), the right piston rod (18) and the piston head (23) are fixedly connected by threads; the outer circumferential surface of the piston head (23) is clearance-matched with the inner circumferential surface of the inner cylinder (20) and sealed by a sealing ring; a circular through hole is processed in the middle of the right end cover (19), the right piston rod (18) and the inner surface of the circular through hole of the right end cover (19) are clearance-matched and sealed by a sealing ring; the right end cover (19) and the inner circumferential surface of the inner cylinder (20) are clearance-matched and sealed by a sealing ring; the left end face of the right end cover (19) is processed with an annular groove, and the outer cylinder ( 5) The right end faces of the middle cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (20) are tightly fitted with the annular groove of the left end face of the right end cover (19), and the right end face of the right end cover (19) is tightly fitted with the left end face of the right support (17) and fastened by bolts; the right end face of the left support (1) is fixedly connected to the left side of the spring (3), the inner circumferential surface of the spring (3) is clearance-matched with the outer circumferential surface of the outer cylinder (5), and the right side of the spring (3) is fixedly connected to the left end face of the right support (17).

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