Multi-stage management and control protection system for energy storage module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-stage management and control protection system for an energy storage module. The multi-stage management and control protection system comprises a master control module, wherein the master control module is in communication connection with the master control module; the master control module is provided with a daisy chain interface which is used for being in signal transmission connection with a daisy chain formed by the plurality of slave control modules; the plurality of slave control modules respectively correspond to a plurality of battery clusters; the master control module is in communication connection with the direct current converter of the high-voltage control module; the direct current converter is electrically connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the PCS host through the power control module. The main control module is in signal transmission connection with each contact point of the power control module; the power control module is electrically connected with the PCS host through an on-off switch, and the main control module is in signal transmission connection with a driving module of the on-off switch. According to the actual power output requirement and the SOC optimization load control strategy of each group of batteries, automatic adjustment is carried out to realize linkage control, the safe and stable operation of the energy storage module is ensured, and the service life of the batteries is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage management, in particular to a multi-level control and protection system for energy storage modules. Background Art

[0002] In medium- and large-scale energy storage systems, such as wind and solar power plants, grid-side peak and frequency regulation energy storage systems, and distributed microgrid energy storage systems, the large number and size of battery clusters make management and control difficult. The varying states of each battery cluster increase the probability of failure, impacting the safe and stable operation of the energy storage modules and severely reducing the battery lifespan, leading to a high level of safety risks in large-scale energy storage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-level control and protection system for energy storage modules, which automatically adjusts according to the actual power output requirements and the SOC optimization load control strategy of each battery group to achieve linkage control, ensure the safe and stable operation of the energy storage module, and promote the extension of battery life.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a multi-level management and protection system for energy storage modules, including a general control module, a master control module and a slave control module. The general control module is communicatively connected to the master control module through a communication module; the master control module is provided with a daisy chain interface for signal transmission connection with a daisy chain composed of multiple slave control modules; the multiple slave control modules correspond to multiple battery clusters respectively, and are used to collect and manage battery cluster status data; the general control module is communicatively connected to the DC converter of the high-voltage control module through the communication module; the high-voltage input end of the DC converter is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the PCS host through the power control module; the master control module is connected to each contact point of the power control module for signal transmission; the power control module and the PCS host are electrically connected through an on-off switch, and the master control module is connected to the drive module of the on-off switch for signal transmission.

[0005] Furthermore, the power control module includes a negative pole circuit connecting the negative pole of the high-voltage input terminal of the DC converter and the negative pole of the PCS host, and a positive pole circuit connecting the positive pole of the high-voltage input terminal of the converter and the positive pole of the PCS host. The negative pole circuit is provided with a negative pole contactor, and the positive pole circuit is connected in series with a positive pole contactor and a pre-charging resistor, and pre-charging contactors are arranged in parallel at both ends of the positive pole contactor and the pre-charging resistor.

[0006] Furthermore, the multiple control signal output terminals of the main control module are electrically connected to the negative contactor, the positive contactor and the pre-charge contactor respectively; the contact detection signal feedback output terminals of the negative contactor and the positive contactor, and the circuit breaker contact signal output terminal of the on-off switch are all electrically connected to the detection signal input terminal of the main control module.

[0007] Furthermore, the main control module is provided with a total voltage acquisition interface, an external voltage acquisition interface and a current acquisition interface. The total voltage acquisition interface is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage input terminal of the converter, and the external voltage acquisition interface is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the PCS host; the current acquisition interface is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the shunt, and the shunt is connected in series with the negative contactor.

[0008] Furthermore, the low-voltage output end of the DC converter is electrically connected to the power supply interface of the master control module.

[0009] Furthermore, the main control module is interlocked with the daisy chain.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The utility model provides a multi-level control and protection system for energy storage modules, which can collect battery cluster current and voltage, summarize internal single-cell voltage and temperature information, calculate battery cluster SOC / SOH and other states, execute balancing strategy judgment and battery fault diagnosis functions, and realize on-site protection and relay control of battery clusters according to battery fault information. It can cooperate with the PCS host, energy storage scheduling and monitoring system, etc., and automatically adjust the load control strategy according to the actual power output requirements and the SOC optimization of each battery group to achieve linkage control, ensure the safe and stable operation of the power station, and promote the extension of battery life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural framework of a multi-level control and protection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0013] As attached Figure 1 The multi-level management and protection system for energy storage modules includes a master control module 1, a main control module 2 and a slave control module 3. The master control module 1 is communicatively connected to the main control module 2 via a communication module 8; the main control module 2 is provided with a daisy chain interface for connecting to a daisy chain signal transmission formed by multiple slave control modules 3; the multiple slave control modules 3 correspond to multiple battery clusters respectively, and are used to collect and manage battery cluster status data.

[0014] In this solution, the slave control module utilizes a BMS module, primarily used to collect data such as battery cluster voltage and temperature, and to manage the corresponding battery cluster. By connecting multiple BMS modules in series to form a daisy chain, data from multiple battery clusters can be simultaneously acquired and uploaded to the master control module via daisy chain communication. The master control module controls the individual contacts of the power control module based on the acquired battery cluster data, thereby automatically regulating power based on actual power demand. The master control module also uploads battery cluster data to the master control module via the communication module, enabling managers to gain real-time insights into battery cluster status and proactively perform actions based on the battery cluster status, such as power regulation, autonomous parameter setting and modification, and event storage.

[0015] The master control module 1 is connected to the DC converter 4 of the high-voltage control module via the communication module 8. The high-voltage input of the DC converter 4 is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the PCS host 5 via the power control module 7. The low-voltage output of the DC converter 4 is electrically connected to the power supply interface of the master control module 1. The PCS host is connected to the battery cluster via a high-voltage control board consisting of a power regulation circuit and a DC converter, enabling protective charging and discharging of the battery cluster in coordination with the PCS. The DC converter is also connected to the power supply connectors of the main and master control modules to maintain the operation of the protection system.

[0016] The main control module 2 is connected to the power control module 7 through signal transmission at each contact point. The power control module 7 is electrically connected to the PCS host 5 via an on / off switch 6, and the main control module 2 is connected to the driver module for signal transmission. This allows the main control module to control the contacts in the power control module based on collected battery cluster data, achieving autonomous power regulation. Simultaneously, the contact status of each contact point is fed back to the main control module, serving as a criterion for the main control module to control the opening and closing of the on / off switch 6. This ensures stable power regulation and prevents instantaneous excessive currents that could damage the protection system and battery cluster, effectively guaranteeing the safe operation of the battery cluster and the protection system itself.

[0017] The power control module 7 includes a negative pole circuit connecting the negative pole of the high-voltage input terminal of the DC converter 4 and the negative pole of the PCS host 5, and a positive pole circuit connecting the positive pole of the high-voltage input terminal of the converter 4 and the positive pole of the PCS host 5. The negative pole circuit is provided with a negative pole contactor 71, and a positive pole contactor 72 and a pre-charging resistor 73 are connected in series in the positive pole circuit. A pre-charging contactor 74 is connected in parallel at both ends of the positive pole contactor 72 and the pre-charging resistor 73.

[0018] The negative contactor is used to control the on and off of the negative circuit, the positive contactor is used to control the on and off of the positive circuit, and the pre-charge contactor is used to control the connection and disconnection of the pre-charge resistor relative to the positive circuit. By connecting the pre-charge resistor in series with the positive contactor 72, it can be ensured that when the positive circuit connection instruction is executed, the pre-charge resistor is directly connected to the positive circuit by default, which serves to reduce the charging current, avoid the impact of instantaneous excessive current on the circuit, and protect the circuit. When the input power needs to be increased subsequently, the main control module outputs a control signal to the pre-charge contactor to connect it, so that the charging current does not pass through the pre-charge resistor, thereby achieving power increase.

[0019] The multiple control signal output terminals of the main control module 2 are electrically connected to the negative contactor 71, the positive contactor 72, and the pre-charge contactor 74, respectively; the contact detection signal feedback output terminals of the negative contactor 71 and the positive contactor 72, as well as the air-break contact signal output terminal of the on-off switch 6, are all electrically connected to the detection signal input terminal of the main control module 2. That is, the main control module can control the connection of the positive and negative circuits and the access of the pre-charge resistors as needed. Through the contact state feedback, it can ensure that each contact action is executed correctly. After confirming that it is correct, the on-off switch is controlled to be connected, achieving double protection, avoiding contactor failure leading to connection state errors, thereby damaging the circuit after the circuit is connected, and avoiding irreversible safety problems. At the same time, the air-break contact feedback of the on-off switch can ensure that the circuit is in a disconnected state when adjusting the action of each contact, avoiding the connection adjustment of each contactor when the on-off switch is connected, so as to avoid the execution error of each contactor causing damage to the circuit.

[0020] The main control module 2 is equipped with a total voltage acquisition interface, an external voltage acquisition interface, and a current acquisition interface. The total voltage acquisition interface is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage input terminal of the converter 4, and the external voltage acquisition interface is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the PCS host 5. The current acquisition interface is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the shunt 75, which is connected in series with the negative contactor 71. By collecting the voltage across the shunt, the current of the power regulation circuit is acquired. By collecting the status data of the total voltage, external voltage, and current, the main control module can control the disconnection of the on-off switch when the voltage and current status are abnormal. The on-off switch is composed of two switches with a connecting rod controlling the synchronous operation, and the two switches are used to connect the positive and negative circuits respectively.

[0021] The main control module 2 is interlocked with the daisy chain.

[0022] The slave control module includes two daisy-chain interfaces for series connection, which are connected to the previous module and the next module respectively. An acquisition unit is connected between the two daisy-chain interfaces. If it is the first slave control module, the interface connected to the previous module is connected to the master daisy-chain interface. If it is the last slave control module, the interface connected to the next module is connected to the master daisy-chain interface. The voltage acquisition connection of each acquisition unit should be increased sequentially from the acquisition channel C1. The power supply line of each acquisition port should be connected to the highest positive pole and the lowest negative pole of the module corresponding to the acquisition port. The temperature acquisition connection of the acquisition unit must be increased sequentially from the temperature acquisition A1. A temperature sensing ground is configured for every three or four temperature acquisitions. The corresponding temperature sensing grounds cannot be shared or connected together to avoid burning the module.

[0023] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-level control and protection system for energy storage modules, characterized by: The invention comprises a master control module (1), a main control module (2) and a slave control module (3), wherein the master control module (1) is connected to the master control module (2) through a communication module (8); the master control module (2) is provided with a daisy chain interface for signal transmission connection with a daisy chain composed of a plurality of the slave control modules (3); the plurality of the slave control modules (3) correspond to a plurality of battery clusters respectively and are used for collecting and managing battery cluster status data; the master control module (1) is connected to the DC converter (4) of the high-voltage control module through the communication module (8); the high-voltage input end of the DC converter (4) is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the PCS host (5) through the power control module (7); the master control module (2) and each contact point of the power control module (7) are connected for signal transmission; the power control module (7) and the PCS host (5) are electrically connected through an on-off switch (6), and the master control module (2) is connected for signal transmission with the drive module of the on-off switch (6).

2. The multi-level control and protection system for energy storage modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power control module (7) comprises a negative electrode circuit connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage input terminal of the DC converter (4) and the negative electrode of the PCS host (5), and a positive electrode circuit connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage input terminal of the converter (4) and the positive electrode of the PCS host (5). The negative electrode circuit is provided with a negative electrode contactor (71). The positive electrode circuit is connected in series with a positive electrode contactor (72) and a pre-charging resistor (73). Pre-charging contactors (74) are arranged in parallel at both ends of the positive electrode contactor (72) and the pre-charging resistor (73).

3. The multi-level control and protection system for energy storage modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple control signal output terminals of the main control module (2) are electrically connected to the negative contactor (71), the positive contactor (72) and the pre-charge contactor (74), respectively; the contact detection signal feedback output terminals of the negative contactor (71) and the positive contactor (72), and the circuit breaker contact signal output terminal of the on-off switch (6) are all electrically connected to the detection signal input terminal of the main control module (2).

4. The multi-level control and protection system for energy storage modules according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main control module (2) is provided with a total voltage acquisition interface, an external voltage acquisition interface and a current acquisition interface. The total voltage acquisition interface is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage input terminal of the converter (4), and the external voltage acquisition interface is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the PCS host (5); the current acquisition interface is electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the shunt (75), and the shunt (75) is connected in series with the negative contactor (71).

5. The multi-level control and protection system for energy storage modules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The low-voltage output end of the DC converter (4) is electrically connected to the power supply interface of the master control module (1).

6. The multi-level control and protection system for energy storage modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main control module (2) is interlocked with the daisy chain.

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