Locking mechanism and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, and provides a locking mechanism and a vehicle, the locking mechanism comprises a locking assembly and a locking seat; the locking assembly comprises a mounting seat; the first guide shaft is rotationally connected to the mounting seat; the spring bolt is connected to the first guide shaft and protrudes out of the peripheral surface of the first guide shaft; the driving end of the rotary driving part is in transmission connection with the first guiding shaft and used for driving the first guiding shaft to rotate around the axis of the first guiding shaft; the locking seat is provided with a first positioning hole allowing the first guide shaft to penetrate through and an avoiding groove used for avoiding the spring bolt, and in the locking state, the spring bolt and the avoiding groove are staggered and abut against the locking seat. Through the arrangement, the radial impact on the first guide shaft is very small when a vehicle bumps up and down, so that the problems of deformation and clamping stagnation are effectively solved; in addition, the first guide shaft integrates two functions of locking and guiding, and when the first guide shaft drives the spring bolt to rotate, the occupied space is very small, so that the problem of space occupation can be effectively solved, and the space utilization rate can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, and in particular to a locking mechanism and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle market and the increasing penetration of electric vehicles, battery swapping technology, as a quick way to replenish energy, has gradually become an effective means of addressing issues such as long charging times and short driving ranges in electric vehicles. During the battery swap process, ensuring that the battery pack can be safely and securely installed on the vehicle chassis is a critical technical step. Therefore, the design of the battery locking mechanism has become particularly important.

[0003] At present, the battery swap locking mechanism mostly adopts the pin type and swing arm hook type. After the battery swap battery box falls and is placed on the bottom support, the pins in multiple directions extend or the swing arm hook swings to the upper plane of the battery box bottom beam, and cooperates with the guide parts to fix the battery box to prevent it from detaching.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned related technologies, the pin shaft of the latch-type locking mechanism is easily deformed and bent under the impact of the load. The deformed pin shaft will cause a jamming failure with the matching pin hole when extending and retracting, resulting in locking failure; the swing arm hook-type locking mechanism occupies a large space and the space utilization rate is not high. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a locking mechanism and a vehicle, which are used to solve the defects of the locking mechanism in the prior art that the locking mechanism has poor stability in use and occupies a large space, and has the advantages of high stability in use and small space occupation.

[0006] The utility model provides a locking mechanism, comprising a locking assembly and a locking seat;

[0007] The locking assembly is used to be connected to the first component and includes:

[0008] Mounting seat;

[0009] a first guide shaft, rotatably connected to the mounting seat;

[0010] a locking tongue connected to the first guide shaft and protruding from an outer circumferential surface of the first guide shaft;

[0011] A rotary driving member, a driving end of which is in driving connection with the first guide shaft and is used to drive the first guide shaft to rotate around its own axis;

[0012] The locking seat is used to be connected to the second component. The locking seat is provided with a first positioning hole for the first guide shaft to pass through and an avoidance groove for avoiding the locking tongue. In the locked state, the locking tongue is misaligned with the avoidance groove and abuts against the locking seat.

[0013] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, the lock tongue is provided with a first mating surface, and the locking seat is provided with a second mating surface, and the first mating surface and the second mating surface are used to abut against each other in the locked state;

[0014] At least one of the first mating surface and the second mating surface is tilted so that the mating clearance between the first mating surface and the second mating surface can increase or decrease during the rotation of the first guide shaft around its own axis.

[0015] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, the first mating surface and the second mating surface are both configured as helical surfaces, and the thread lead angle is smaller than the friction self-locking angle.

[0016] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, a mounting hole is provided on the first guide shaft, and the mounting hole radially penetrates the first guide shaft; the locking tongue is penetrated by the mounting hole and protrudes from opposite sides of the first guide shaft in the radial direction.

[0017] According to a locking mechanism provided by the utility model, it also includes a fixing pin;

[0018] A fixing hole is provided on the first guide shaft, the fixing hole radially passes through the first guide shaft and vertically penetrates the mounting hole;

[0019] The lock tongue is provided with an arc-shaped groove, which is coaxial with the fixing hole; the fixing pin is passed through the fixing hole and partially embedded in the arc-shaped groove.

[0020] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, the rotary drive member includes:

[0021] Support seat;

[0022] a swing arm, one end of which is fixedly connected to the first guide shaft, and the other end of which extends radially along the first guide shaft;

[0023] A linear drive element has a driving direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the first guide shaft, a driving end of the linear drive element is hinged to the swing arm, and the other end is hinged to the support seat.

[0024] According to a locking mechanism provided by the utility model, it also includes an elastic component, and the linear drive element and the support seat are elastically connected through the elastic component. The elastic force direction of the elastic component is parallel to the driving direction of the linear drive element, and under the elastic force of the elastic component, the linear drive element tends to move toward its own driving end.

[0025] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, the elastic component includes:

[0026] A follower plate is hinged to the support seat;

[0027] a limit rod slidably disposed on the follower plate, with one end fixedly connected to the linear drive element and the other end provided with a limit portion for preventing the limit rod from being separated from the follower plate;

[0028] The compression spring is sleeved on the limiting rod and is arranged between the follower plate and the linear drive element.

[0029] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, the locking mechanism further includes a second guide shaft, which is used to be connected to the first component, and the second component is provided with a second positioning hole corresponding to the position of the second guide shaft.

[0030] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, a bearing is fixedly connected inside the mounting seat, and the first guide shaft is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing.

[0031] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, the first guide shaft is used to pass through the first positioning hole at one end thereof and has a reduced diameter.

[0032] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, the linear drive element includes a cylinder.

[0033] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, the limiting portion includes a limiting nut, and the limiting nut is threadedly connected to the limiting rod.

[0034] According to a locking mechanism provided by the present invention, the second guide shaft is used to pass through the second positioning hole at one end thereof and has a reduced diameter.

[0035] The utility model also provides a vehicle, comprising a base, a battery box, and any one of the locking mechanisms described above; the locking assembly of the locking mechanism is fixedly connected to the base, and the locking seat of the locking mechanism is fixedly connected to the battery box.

[0036] The locking mechanism and vehicle provided by the present invention utilize the above-mentioned locking mechanism to connect the base bracket and the battery box, so that the mounting base is fixedly connected to the base bracket, thereby connecting the locking assembly to the base bracket, and fixing the locking base to the battery box, and making the first guide shaft correspond to the first positioning hole of the locking base in the upper and lower directions. When installing the battery box, the battery box falls from above and is placed on the base bracket. During the falling process of the battery box, the first guide shaft is correspondingly inserted into the first positioning hole, and the avoidance groove can provide a space for the lock tongue to ensure that the structure composed of the first guide shaft and the lock tongue can smoothly pass through the first positioning hole. After the battery box falls into place, the rotating driving member drives the first guide shaft to rotate around its own axis, and the lock tongue rotates accordingly and is misaligned with the avoidance groove and aligned with the locking base. The battery box is abutted to achieve the connection and fixation of the battery box on the base bracket; when removing the battery box, the rotary drive member drives the first guide shaft to rotate around its own axis, and the lock tongue rotates accordingly to correspond to the position of the avoidance groove, and then the battery box can be removed from the base bracket by pulling it upward; compared with the relevant technology, the battery box and the base bracket are mainly positioned by the cooperation between the lock tongue and the lock seat. When the vehicle bumps up and down, the impact force is mainly concentrated on the cooperation part between the lock tongue and the lock seat, and the radial impact on the first guide shaft is very small, which effectively solves the problem of deformation and jamming; in addition, the first guide shaft integrates the two functions of locking and guiding, and when the first guide shaft drives the lock tongue to rotate, the space occupied is very small, which can effectively solve the problem of space occupation and is conducive to improving space utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the locking mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present utility model in cooperation with the base support and the battery box.

[0039] Figure 2 This is one of the structural diagrams of the locking assembly provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking seat provided by an embodiment of the utility model.

[0041] Figure 4 This is the second structural diagram of the locking assembly provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lock tongue provided by an embodiment of the utility model.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the mating state between the first mating surface and the second mating surface in the initial state provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the mating state between the first mating surface and the second mating surface in the locked state provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8 This is the third structural diagram of the locking assembly provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] 1. Locking assembly; 10. Mounting seat; 11. First guide shaft; 110. Mounting hole; 111. Fixing hole; 12. Lock tongue; 120. Arc groove; 121. First mating surface; 13. Rotary drive member; 130. Support seat; 131. Swing arm; 132. Linear drive element; 133. Y-type joint; 14. Fixing pin; 15. Elastic assembly; 150. Follower plate; 151. Limit rod; 152. Compression spring; 153. Limiting part; 16. Second guide shaft; 2. Locking seat; 20. First positioning hole; 21. Avoidance groove; 22. Second mating surface; 3. Bottom bracket; 4. Battery box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the following will be combined with the accompanying drawings to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] To facilitate understanding of the locking mechanism and vehicle provided by this utility model, we first introduce its application background. Battery replacement technology, as a method for quickly replenishing energy in electric vehicles, has gradually become one of the effective means to solve the problems of long charging times and short driving range of electric vehicles. During the battery replacement process, ensuring that the battery box can be safely and reliably installed on the vehicle chassis is a critical technical step. Therefore, the design of the battery locking mechanism becomes particularly important.

[0050] In related technologies, the battery swap locking mechanism mostly adopts the latch type and the swing arm hook type. After the battery swap battery box falls and is placed on the bottom support, the latches in multiple directions extend or the swing arm hooks swing to the upper plane of the battery box bottom beam, and cooperate with the guide parts to fix the battery box to prevent it from detaching.

[0051] However, the above-mentioned related technologies have at least the following problems:

[0052] The pin of a latch-type locking mechanism must withstand the impact of vehicle movement during use, especially when the vehicle is jolted up and down on uneven roads. This creates frequent impact and vibration between the pin and the pin hole. This can cause the pin to deform over time, causing it to become stuck in the mating pin hole when extending and retracting, leading to locking failure. The swing arm of a swing-arm locking mechanism, on the other hand, occupies a large space when in motion, resulting in low space utilization.

[0053] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a locking mechanism and a vehicle, which have the advantages of high stability in use and small space occupation.

[0054] The following combination Figures 1-8 The locking mechanism and vehicle of the present invention are described.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 A locking mechanism can be used to connect a first component and a second component, such as a base 3 and a battery box 4. The locking mechanism includes a locking assembly 1 and a locking seat 2.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 The locking assembly 1 includes a mounting seat 10, a first guide shaft 11, a locking tongue 12 and a rotating drive member 13; wherein the mounting seat 10 is used to be connected to the first component, and can provide a connection basis for other components of the locking assembly 1; the first guide shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 10; the locking tongue 12 is connected to the first guide shaft 11 and protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the first guide shaft 11; the driving end of the rotating drive member 13 is transmission-connected to the first guide shaft 11, and is used to drive the first guide shaft 11 to rotate around its own axis.

[0057] Reference Figure 3 The locking seat 2 is used to be connected to the second component. The locking seat 2 is provided with a first positioning hole 20 for the first guide shaft 11 to pass through and an avoidance groove 21 for avoiding the lock tongue 12. In the locked state, the lock tongue 12 is misaligned with the avoidance groove 21 and abuts against the locking seat 2.

[0058] In a specific application scenario, when the above-mentioned locking mechanism is used to connect the base bracket 3 and the battery box 4, the mounting base 10 is fixedly connected to the base bracket 3, thereby connecting the locking assembly 1 to the base bracket 3, and fixing the locking base 2 to the battery box 4. In addition, the first guide shaft 11 and the first positioning hole 20 of the locking base 2 correspond in the upper and lower directions. When the battery box 4 is installed, the battery box 4 falls from the top and is placed on the base bracket 3. During the falling process of the battery box 4, the first guide shaft 11 is correspondingly inserted into the first positioning hole 20, and the avoidance groove 21 can provide a space for the lock tongue 12 to make way, thereby ensuring To ensure that the structure composed of the first guide shaft 11 and the lock tongue 12 can pass through the mounting seat 10 smoothly, after the battery box 4 falls into place, the rotating driving member 13 drives the first guide shaft 11 to rotate around its own axis, and the lock tongue 12 rotates accordingly and is misaligned with the avoidance groove 21 and abuts against the locking seat 2, thereby realizing the connection and fixation of the battery box 4 on the base 3; when removing the battery box 4, the rotating driving member 13 drives the first guide shaft 11 to rotate around its own axis, and the lock tongue 12 rotates accordingly and corresponds to the position of the avoidance groove 21, and then the battery box 4 can be removed from the base 3 by pulling it upwards.

[0059] Compared with the related art, the battery box 4 and the base 3 are mainly positioned through the cooperation between the lock tongue 12 and the lock seat 2. When the vehicle bumps up and down, the impact force is mainly concentrated on the cooperation position between the lock tongue 12 and the lock seat 2, and the first guide shaft 11 is subjected to very small radial impact, which effectively solves the problem of deformation and jamming; in addition, the first guide shaft 11 integrates the two functions of locking and guiding, and when the first guide shaft 11 drives the lock tongue 12 to rotate, the space occupied is very small, which can effectively solve the space occupation problem and is conducive to improving space utilization.

[0060] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 The mounting base 10 is externally connected to a flange to facilitate docking with the first component. A bearing is fixedly connected to the mounting base 10. The first guide shaft 11 is inserted into the inner ring of the bearing and fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing to improve the smoothness of the rotation of the first guide shaft 11. The first guide shaft 11 is generally cylindrical in shape. Its material and specifications can be selected according to actual needs and are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present invention. The end of the first guide shaft 11 that is intended to pass through the first positioning hole 20 is reduced in diameter to form a pointed end to facilitate positioning between the first guide shaft 11 and the first positioning hole 20.

[0061] The lock tongue 12 is connected to the first guide shaft 11 near the tip. The lock tongue 12 can protrude from one side of the first guide shaft 11 in the radial direction, or it can protrude from both sides of the first guide shaft 11 in the radial direction. The specific configuration can be based on actual needs. In this embodiment, in order to ensure balanced force and improve the stability of locking, the lock tongue 12 protrudes from the opposite sides of the first guide shaft 11 in the radial direction.

[0062] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 A mounting hole 110 is provided on the first guide shaft 11, and the mounting hole 110 radially penetrates the first guide shaft 11. The lock tongue 12 is inserted into the mounting hole 110, so that the lock tongue 12 protrudes from the opposite sides of the first guide shaft 11 in the radial direction. This is conducive to improving the convenience of assembling the lock tongue 12 and the first guide shaft 11, and ensuring the connection strength between the lock tongue 12 and the first guide shaft 11.

[0063] More specifically, in order to facilitate the connection and fixation of the lock tongue 12 and the first guide shaft 11, the locking assembly 1 also includes a fixing pin 14, and a fixing hole 111 is provided on the first guide shaft 11, which radially penetrates the first guide shaft 11 and is vertically connected to the mounting hole 110; an arc-shaped groove 120 is provided on the lock tongue 12, and the arc-shaped groove 120 is coaxial with the fixing hole 111, and the fixing pin 14 is passed through the fixing hole 111 and partially embedded in the arc-shaped groove 120.

[0064] During assembly, the lock tongue 12 is first inserted into one end of the mounting hole 110 and exited from the other end. The arc groove 120 on the lock tongue 12 corresponds to the position of the fixing hole 111. The fixing pin 14 is passed through the fixing hole 111 and then positioned using a clip. The fixing pin 14 can position the lock tongue 12 to prevent the lock tongue 12 from being pulled out of the mounting hole 110, thereby achieving the installation of the lock tongue 12 on the first guide shaft 11. When the lock tongue 12 is subjected to a radial impact force, the impact force will be transmitted to the first guide shaft 11, and the fixing pin 14 will not be subjected to the force, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of the fixing pin 14 being deformed by the force.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figures 3 to 7 A first mating surface 121 is provided on the lock tongue 12, and a second mating surface 22 is provided on the locking seat 2. The first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 are used to abut against each other in the locked state; at least one of the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 is inclined so that the mating clearance between the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 can increase or decrease during the rotation of the first guide shaft 11 around its own axis.

[0066] In actual application, in order to ensure that the two parts of the locking mechanism can cooperate smoothly and avoid the situation where the lock cannot be locked, a matching gap needs to be set between the two parts of any type of locking mechanism, such as between the pin and the pin hole of the pin-type locking mechanism, and between the swing arm hook and the bottom beam of the battery box 4 of the swing arm hook type locking mechanism. The existence of the matching gap will cause the battery box 4 to jump when the vehicle is bumpy, resulting in increased vibration. In this embodiment, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7By tilting at least one of the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22, the mating gap between the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 can increase or decrease with the rotation of the first guide shaft 11. When the battery box 4 is placed in place on the base 3, in the initial state, there is a gap H between the first mating surface 121 of the lock tongue 12 and the second mating surface 22 of the lock seat 2. By rotating the first guide shaft 11, the mating gap between the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 gradually decreases and eventually disappears. The first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 are pressed together. In this way, the mating gap can be eliminated, which effectively avoids the problem of the battery box 4 jumping during the bumpy driving of the vehicle and reduces vibration.

[0067] When removing the battery box 4, rotate the first guide shaft 11 in the opposite direction, and the fitting clearance between the first fitting surface 121 and the second fitting surface 22 gradually increases. When the lock tongue 12 corresponds to the position of the avoidance groove 21, pull the battery box 4 upward to remove the battery box 4 from the base 3.

[0068] Specifically, the first mating surface 121 is formed at the bottom of the lock tongue 12, and the second mating surface 22 is formed at the upper end of the locking seat 2. There is a gap between the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 in the initial position. The above-mentioned initial position refers to the position corresponding to the lock tongue 12 and the avoidance groove 21.

[0069] At least one of the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 may be configured as an inclined surface. An inclined surface is a plane with one end lower than the other. For example, when the second mating surface 22 is configured as an inclined surface, the end of the second mating surface 22 away from the avoidance groove 21 is higher, while the surface closer to the avoidance groove 21 is lower. When the first mating surface 121 is configured as an inclined surface, the height of the first mating surface 121 gradually increases in the locking rotation direction of the first guide shaft 11.

[0070] Of course, the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 are not limited to inclined surfaces. In this embodiment, the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 are both set to spiral surfaces, and the thread lead angle is smaller than the friction self-locking angle. In this way, in the locked state, the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 can not only fit without gap, but also be in a friction self-locking state, which effectively avoids the problem of loosening of the lock tongue 12 and the lock seat 2 when the vehicle is driving bumpy, thereby ensuring the stability of the positioning.

[0071] It can be understood that the thread lead angles of the first mating surface 121 and the second mating surface 22 can be adaptively adjusted according to the different materials selected for the lock tongue 12 and the lock seat 2. In this embodiment, the lock tongue 12 and the lock seat 2 are both made of steel. Since the friction coefficient μ of steel is generally 0.15, the self-locking friction angle α is 8.53 degrees, so the angle of the inclined surface is less than 8.53 degrees.

[0072] The driving end of the rotary driving member 13 is in transmission connection with the other end of the first guide shaft 11 relative to the tip thereof, and is used to drive the first guide shaft 11 to rotate around its own axial direction.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 8 The rotary drive member 13 includes a support seat 130, a swing arm 131, and a linear drive element 132. The swing arm 131 has one end fixedly connected to the first guide shaft 11, and the other end extends radially along the first guide shaft 11. The support seat 130 is adapted to be connected to the first member and can provide a connection base for the linear drive element 132. The driving direction of the linear drive element 132 is perpendicular to the axis of the first guide shaft 11. Furthermore, the driving end of the linear drive element 132 is hinged to the swing arm 131, and the other end is hinged to the support seat 130. The linear drive element 132 drives the swing arm 131 to move away from one end of the first guide shaft 11, thereby driving the first guide shaft 11 to rotate about its own axis, thereby achieving locking and unlocking of the locking assembly 1 and the locking seat 2.

[0074] It can be understood that when the linear drive element 132 drives the swing arm 131 to move, the angle between the swing arm 131 and the driving end of the linear drive element 132 and the linear drive element 132 and the support seat 130 will change. Therefore, it is necessary to set the connection method between the driving end of the linear drive element 132 and the swing arm 131 and the linear drive element 132 and the support seat 130 to be hinged.

[0075] Specifically, the linear drive element 132 can be any form of linear drive component such as a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric push rod, etc. In this embodiment, the linear drive element 132 is a cylinder, and the piston rod of the cylinder is hinged to the swing arm 131 through a Y-type joint 133.

[0076] In one embodiment of the present invention, the locking assembly 1 also includes an elastic assembly 15, and the linear drive element 132 is elastically connected to the support seat 130 through the elastic assembly 15. The elastic force direction of the elastic assembly 15 is parallel to the driving direction of the linear drive element 132, and under the elastic force of the elastic assembly 15, the linear drive element 132 tends to move toward its own driving end.

[0077] The elastic component 15 can provide preload and adaptive compensation. When the actual driving distance of the linear drive element 132 is greater than the theoretical driving distance due to processing errors or other reasons, the elastic component 15 can elastically deform for buffering. When the actual driving distance of the linear drive element 132 is less than the theoretical driving distance, the elastic component 15 can provide compensation to ensure that the first mating surface 121 of the lock tongue 12 and the second mating surface 22 of the locking seat 2 are matched without gap.

[0078] Specifically, the elastic component 15 includes a follower plate 150, a limiting rod 151 and a compression spring 152; wherein the follower plate 150 is hinged to the support seat 130; the limiting rod 151 is slidably arranged on the follower plate 150, and one end of the limiting rod 151 is fixedly connected to the linear drive element 132, thereby realizing the hinge of the linear drive element 132 on the support seat 130, and the other end is provided with a limiting portion 153 for preventing the limiting rod 151 from being separated from the follower plate 150; the compression spring 152 is sleeved on the limiting rod 151 and is located between the follower plate 150 and the linear drive element 132, one end of the compression spring 152 elastically abuts against the follower plate 150, and the other end elastically abuts against the linear drive element 132.

[0079] Specifically, the limiting portion 153 may be a limiting nut, which is threadedly connected to the limiting rod 151 .

[0080] In order to improve the accuracy of positioning and connection between the first component and the second component, the locking mechanism also includes a second guide shaft 16, which is used to be connected to the first component. A second positioning hole corresponding to the position of the second guide shaft 16 is provided on the second component, and the second guide shaft 16 is used to pass through the second positioning hole at one end with a reduced diameter.

[0081] The first guide shaft 11 and the second guide shaft 16 can achieve multi-level positioning. The first level positioning can be achieved by plugging and fitting the first guide shaft 11 into the first positioning hole 20, and the second level positioning can be achieved by plugging and fitting the second guide shaft 16 into the second positioning hole. The second guide shaft 16 is used to provide a precision guide section. Specifically, the positioning accuracy of the second guide shaft 16 can be improved by controlling the fitting tolerance between the second guide shaft 16 and the second positioning hole.

[0082] It is understood that those skilled in the art may combine and integrate different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without mutual contradiction.

[0083] The vehicle provided by the present invention is described below. The vehicle described below and the locking mechanism described above can be referenced to each other.

[0084] A vehicle includes a base 3, a battery box 4, and a locking mechanism provided by any of the above embodiments; wherein the base 3 is a first component, the battery box 4 is a second component, the locking assembly 1 is fixedly connected to the base 3, the locking seat 2 is fixedly connected to the battery box 4, and the locking assembly 1 and the locking seat 2 cooperate to lock the battery box 4 to the base 3.

[0085] Through the locking mechanism and vehicle provided by the utility model, the battery box 4 and the base 3 are mainly positioned by the cooperation between the lock tongue 12 and the locking seat 2. When the vehicle bumps up and down, the impact force is mainly concentrated on the cooperation position between the lock tongue 12 and the locking seat 2, and the first guide shaft 11 is subjected to very little radial impact, which effectively solves the problem of deformation and jamming; in addition, the first guide shaft 11 integrates the two functions of locking and guiding, and when the first guide shaft 11 drives the lock tongue 12 to rotate, the space occupied is very small, which can effectively solve the problem of space occupation and is conducive to improving space utilization.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a locking assembly (1) and a locking seat (2); The locking assembly (1) is used to be connected to the first component and comprises: Mounting seat (10); A first guide shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the mounting seat (10); A locking tongue (12) connected to the first guide shaft (11) and protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the first guide shaft (11); A rotary drive member (13), a driving end of which is in transmission connection with the first guide shaft (11) and is used to drive the first guide shaft (11) to rotate around its own axis; The locking seat (2) is used to be connected to the second component. The locking seat (2) is provided with a first positioning hole (20) for allowing the first guide shaft (11) to pass through and an avoidance groove (21) for avoiding the locking tongue (12). In a locked state, the locking tongue (12) is misaligned with the avoidance groove (21) and abuts against the locking seat (2).

2. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The lock tongue (12) is provided with a first mating surface (121), and the locking seat (2) is provided with a second mating surface (22), and the first mating surface (121) and the second mating surface (22) are used to abut against each other in a locked state; At least one of the first mating surface (121) and the second mating surface (22) is tilted so that the mating clearance between the first mating surface (121) and the second mating surface (22) can increase or decrease during the rotation of the first guide shaft (11) around its own axis.

3. The locking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: The first mating surface (121) and the second mating surface (22) are both configured as helical surfaces, and the thread lead angle is smaller than the friction self-locking angle.

4. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The first guide shaft (11) is provided with a mounting hole (110), and the mounting hole (110) radially penetrates the first guide shaft (11); the locking tongue (12) is passed through the mounting hole (110) and protrudes from opposite sides of the first guide shaft (11) in the radial direction.

5. The locking mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes a fixing pin (14); A fixing hole (111) is provided on the first guide shaft (11), and the fixing hole (111) radially penetrates the first guide shaft (11) and vertically penetrates the mounting hole (110); The locking tongue (12) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (120), and the arc-shaped groove (120) is coaxial with the fixing hole (111); the fixing pin (14) is passed through the fixing hole (111) and partially embedded in the arc-shaped groove (120).

6. The locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The rotary drive member (13) comprises: Support seat (130); a swing arm (131), one end of which is fixedly connected to the first guide shaft (11), and the other end of which extends radially along the first guide shaft (11); A linear drive element (132) has a driving direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the first guide shaft (11), a driving end of the linear drive element (132) being hinged to the swing arm (131), and the other end being hinged to the support seat (130).

7. The locking mechanism according to claim 6, wherein: It also includes an elastic component (15), and the linear drive element (132) and the support seat (130) are elastically connected via the elastic component (15); The elastic force direction of the elastic component (15) is parallel to the driving direction of the linear driving element (132), and under the elastic force of the elastic component (15), the linear driving element (132) has a tendency to move toward its own driving end.

8. The locking mechanism according to claim 7, wherein: The elastic component (15) comprises: A follower plate (150) is hinged to the support seat (130); A limiting rod (151) is slidably disposed on the follower plate (150), one end of which is fixedly connected to the linear drive element (132), and the other end of which is provided with a limiting portion (153) for preventing the limiting rod (151) from being separated from the follower plate (150); The compression spring (152) is sleeved on the limiting rod (151) and is arranged between the follower plate (150) and the linear drive element (132).

9. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a second guide shaft (16), which is used to be connected to the first component, and the second component is provided with a second positioning hole corresponding to the position of the second guide shaft (16).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a base (3), a battery box (4), and a locking mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the locking assembly (1) of the locking mechanism is fixedly connected to the base (3), and the locking seat (2) of the locking mechanism is fixedly connected to the battery box (4).

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