High-pressure fuel system, engine and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-pressure fuel system, an engine and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of automobiles, the high-pressure fuel system comprises a fuel pump, a fuel guide rail and a fuel injector which are installed on an engine cylinder cover, and the outlet end of the fuel pump is connected with the inlet end of the fuel guide rail; the outlet end of the fuel guide rail is connected with the inlet end of the fuel injector; a crankcase ventilation pipe is arranged on the engine cylinder cover, the fuel pump is arranged below the crankcase ventilation pipe, and an included angle is formed between the connecting line between the inlet end of the fuel pump and the outlet end of the fuel pump and the axis of the engine cylinder cover. According to the high-pressure fuel system, by optimizing installation and arrangement of the fuel pump, the installation space below the crankcase ventilation pipe is reasonably utilized, interference with peripheral parts is reduced, the space utilization rate of the whole machine is increased, and the overall arrangement is more compact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to a high-pressure fuel system, an engine, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The high-pressure fuel system primarily consists of a high-pressure fuel pump, high-pressure pipe, fuel rail, and fuel injectors. The high-pressure fuel pump is directly controlled by the engine control unit (ECU). Based on the required fuel system pressure, the ECU calculates the required fuel mass, converts it into fuel volume, and then, based on the required fuel volume, determines the energization timing of the high-pressure fuel pump's relief valve, thereby ensuring timely and precise delivery of fuel to the fuel rail. The fuel rail distributes the high-pressure fuel pumped by the high-pressure fuel pump to each fuel injector. The fuel injected by the fuel injector mixes with the air in the cylinder and directly burns.

[0003] Existing high-pressure fuel systems have the problems of large size, non-compact structure and high risk of component interference. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a high-pressure fuel system, an engine, and a vehicle, aiming to solve the problems of existing high-pressure fuel systems such as large size, non-compact structure, and high risk of component interference.

[0005] The present application provides a high-pressure fuel system, including a fuel pump and a fuel rail installed on an engine cylinder head, wherein the outlet end of the fuel pump is connected to the inlet end of the fuel rail; a crankcase ventilation pipe is provided on the engine cylinder head, and the fuel pump is arranged below the crankcase ventilation pipe, and a line connecting the inlet end of the fuel pump and the outlet end of the fuel pump is arranged at an angle to the axis of the engine cylinder head.

[0006] Optionally, the inlet end of the fuel pump is arranged toward a side close to the crankcase ventilation pipe, the inlet end of the fuel pump is connected to a low-pressure fuel pipe, and the low-pressure fuel pipe is arranged below the crankcase ventilation pipe.

[0007] Optionally, the fuel rail is arranged on the intake side of the engine cylinder head, and the outlet end of the fuel pump is tilted toward the intake side of the engine cylinder head.

[0008] Optionally, along the axial direction of the engine cylinder head, the inlet end of the fuel rail and the outlet end of the fuel pump are both arranged at the same end of the engine cylinder head.

[0009] Optionally, along the axial direction of the engine cylinder head, the inlet end of the fuel rail is arranged close to the middle of the engine cylinder head relative to the outlet end of the fuel pump.

[0010] Optionally, the outlet end of the fuel pump and the inlet end of the fuel rail are connected by a high-pressure fuel pipe; the high-pressure fuel pipe includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section; the first pipe section is connected to the outlet end of the fuel pump and extends along the inclined direction of the outlet end of the fuel pump; the second pipe section is connected to the first pipe section and is bent relative to the first pipe section toward the side close to the fuel rail to be connected to the inlet end of the fuel rail.

[0011] Optionally, a connection between the second pipe segment and the first pipe segment, and a connection between the second pipe segment and the inlet end of the fuel rail are both provided with an arc-shaped transition structure.

[0012] Optionally, along the axial direction of the engine cylinder head, the middle portion of the second pipe segment is bent toward the middle portion of the engine cylinder head.

[0013] Optionally, a sealing structure is provided between the outlet end of the high-pressure fuel pipe and the inlet end of the fuel rail.

[0014] Optionally, a plunger is provided inside the fuel pump, and a TAC coating is provided on the plunger.

[0015] Optionally, a spring is provided inside the fuel pump, and the material of the spring includes 1.4125 alloy steel.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The high-pressure fuel system described in this application includes a fuel pump and a fuel rail mounted on an engine cylinder head, wherein the outlet of the fuel pump is connected to the inlet of the fuel rail. A crankcase ventilation pipe is provided on the engine cylinder head, and the fuel pump is arranged below the crankcase ventilation pipe. The line connecting the inlet and outlet of the fuel pump forms an angle with the axis of the engine cylinder head. By arranging the fuel pump below the crankcase ventilation pipe, this application rationally utilizes the space below the crankcase ventilation pipe. At the same time, the application adopts an inclined arrangement so that the line connecting the inlet and outlet of the fuel pump forms a certain angle with the axis of the engine cylinder head. This avoids the position of the connection interface between the crankcase ventilation pipe and the engine cylinder head, reduces interference with surrounding parts, reduces space occupation, and makes the structure more compact.

[0018] The present application also provides an engine comprising the high-pressure fuel system described above.

[0019] The advantages of the engine and the above-mentioned high-pressure fuel system over the prior art are the same and will not be described in detail here.

[0020] The present application also provides a vehicle comprising the high-pressure fuel system or engine as described above.

[0021] The advantages of the vehicle, the engine, and the high-pressure fuel system described above over the prior art are the same and will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-pressure fuel system proposed in one embodiment of the present application, viewed from above the engine cylinder head;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of a high-pressure fuel system proposed in one embodiment of the present application, viewed from the side of the intake side of the engine cylinder head.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Crankcase ventilation pipe; 2. Fuel pump; 3. High-pressure fuel pipe; 31. First pipe section; 32. Second pipe section; 4. Fuel pump seat; 5. Fuel rail; 6. Engine cylinder head; 7. Supercharger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] In related technologies, the high-pressure fuel system primarily consists of components such as a high-pressure fuel pump, high-pressure pipe, fuel rail, and fuel injectors. The operation of the high-pressure fuel pump is directly controlled by the engine control unit (ECU). Based on the required pressure of the high-pressure fuel system, the ECU calculates the required fuel mass, converts it into fuel volume, and, based on the required fuel volume, calculates the energization timing of the high-pressure fuel pump's relief valve, thereby ensuring timely and precise delivery of fuel to the fuel rail. The fuel rail distributes the fuel pumped from the high-pressure fuel pump to the various fuel injectors. The fuel injected by the fuel injectors mixes with the air in the cylinder and directly participates in combustion.

[0029] Existing high-pressure fuel systems have the problems of large size, non-compact structure and high risk of component interference.

[0030] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a high-pressure fuel system.

[0031] See also Figure 1 A high-pressure fuel system includes a fuel pump 2 and a fuel rail 5 installed on an engine cylinder head 6, the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 is connected to the inlet end of the fuel rail 5; a crankcase ventilation pipe 1 is provided on the engine cylinder head 6, and the fuel pump 2 is arranged below the crankcase ventilation pipe 1, and the line between the inlet end of the fuel pump 2 and the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 is arranged at an angle to the axis of the engine cylinder head 6.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure fuel system when viewed from above the engine cylinder head 6. In the figure, the end where A is located is the front end of the engine cylinder head 6, the end where B is located is the rear end of the engine cylinder head 6, the side where C is located is the exhaust side of the engine cylinder head 6, and the side where D is located is the intake side of the engine cylinder head 6. The axial direction of the engine cylinder head 6 is also the front-to-back direction of the engine cylinder head 6.

[0033] The high-pressure fuel system includes a fuel pump 2, a fuel rail 5, and fuel injectors, all mounted on the engine cylinder head 6. For example, using methanol as the fuel medium, low-pressure methanol enters the fuel pump 2 through its inlet. The plunger of the fuel pump 2 moves up and down, and in conjunction with the opening and closing of the solenoid valve, high pressure is generated, which is then discharged from the outlet of the fuel pump 2. The inlet of the fuel rail 5 is connected to the outlet of the fuel pump 2, and the outlet of the fuel rail 5 is connected to the inlet of the fuel injectors. This system receives the high-pressure methanol output from the fuel pump 2 and distributes it to the various fuel injectors. Ultimately, the methanol is ejected from the fuel injectors, mixed with air in the cylinder, and directly burned.

[0034] In this embodiment, the fuel pump 2 is arranged on the engine cylinder head 6 through the fuel pump seat 4, and is arranged close to the intake side of the supercharger 7. Since the intake side of the supercharger 7 has a lower temperature than the outlet side of the supercharger 7, arranging the fuel pump 2 on the intake side of the supercharger 7 can keep it away from heat sources, avoid fire caused by fuel leakage at high temperature, and ensure the safety of the system. A cylinder head cover is provided on the engine cylinder head 6, and an interface for the crankcase ventilation pipe 1 is provided on the cylinder head cover. The crankcase ventilation pipe 1 is installed on the engine cylinder head 6 through the interface, and a certain space is formed between the bottom of the crankcase ventilation pipe 1 and the engine cylinder head 6. The fuel pump 2 is arranged below the crankcase ventilation pipe 1 and is arranged inclined. The line between the inlet end of the fuel pump 2 and the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 forms a certain angle with the axis of the engine cylinder head 6, which can cleverly utilize the installation space below the crankcase ventilation pipe 1. At the same time, it is convenient to avoid the interface position of the crankcase ventilation pipe 1, the intake pipe position of the supercharger 7, etc. when arranging the fuel pipe later, thereby reducing interference with surrounding components, improving space utilization, and making the overall structure more compact.

[0035] Optionally, the inlet end of the fuel pump 2 is arranged toward a side close to the crankcase ventilation pipe 1 , and the inlet end of the fuel pump 2 is connected to a low-pressure fuel pipe, which is arranged below the crankcase ventilation pipe 1 .

[0036] Specifically, a low-pressure fuel pipe is connected to the inlet end of the fuel pump 2 so that the low-pressure fuel medium flows along the low-pressure fuel pipe into the fuel pump 2. In this embodiment, the inlet end of the fuel pump 2 is arranged toward the side close to the crankcase ventilation pipe 1, so that the low-pressure fuel pipe can be arranged in an overlapping manner below the crankcase ventilation pipe 1, thereby maximizing the use of the installation space below the crankcase ventilation pipe 1, improving the space utilization of the entire machine, and making the overall layout more compact.

[0037] Optionally, the fuel rail 5 is arranged on the air intake side of the engine cylinder head 6 , and the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 is tilted toward the air intake side of the engine cylinder head 6 .

[0038] Specifically, in order to facilitate the supply of fuel to the cylinders, the fuel rail 5 and the fuel injector are usually arranged on the intake side of the engine cylinder head 6, and the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 needs to be connected to the fuel rail 5 so as to pump high-pressure fuel medium into the fuel rail 5. Therefore, in this embodiment, the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 is tilted toward the intake side of the engine cylinder head 6, which can make the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 closer to the side where the fuel rail 5 is located, helping to shorten the connection path between the fuel pump 2 and the fuel rail 5, thereby simplifying the pipeline layout and making the structure more compact.

[0039] Optionally, along the axial direction of the engine cylinder head 6 , the inlet end of the fuel rail 5 and the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 are both arranged at the same end of the engine cylinder head 6 .

[0040] Specifically, since the outlet of the fuel pump 2 needs to be connected to the inlet of the fuel rail 5 in order to pump high-pressure fuel into the fuel rail 5, arranging the inlet of the fuel rail 5 and the outlet of the fuel pump 2 at the same end of the engine cylinder head 6 can further shorten the connection path between the fuel pump 2 and the fuel rail 5, thereby further simplifying the pipeline layout. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the end where A is located is the front end of the engine cylinder head 6, and the end where B is located is the rear end of the engine cylinder head 6. In this embodiment, the inlet end of the fuel rail 5 and the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 are both arranged at the rear end of the engine cylinder head 6.

[0041] Optionally, along the axial direction of the engine cylinder head 6 , the inlet end of the fuel rail 5 is arranged close to the middle of the engine cylinder head 6 relative to the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 .

[0042] For details, see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the outlet of fuel pump 2 is located at the rear edge of engine cylinder head 6, while the inlet of fuel rail 5 is located closer to the center of engine cylinder head 6, that is, further forward, than the outlet of fuel pump 2. If the inlet of fuel rail 5 were positioned further back or closer to the edge, it would likely extend beyond the rear edge of engine cylinder head 6, occupying more space and hindering overall engine size reduction. Positioning the inlet of fuel rail 5 closer to the front and center maximizes the use of the space in the center of engine cylinder head 6, minimizing the portion protruding beyond the outer edge of engine cylinder head 6. This reduces space waste and makes the overall structure more compact.

[0043] Optionally, the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 and the inlet end of the fuel rail 5 are connected via a high-pressure fuel pipe 3; the high-pressure fuel pipe 3 includes a first pipe section 31 and a second pipe section 32; the first pipe section 31 is connected to the outlet end of the fuel pump 2 and extends along the inclined direction of the outlet end of the fuel pump 2; the second pipe section 32 is connected to the first pipe section 31 and is bent relative to the first pipe section 31 toward the side close to the fuel rail 5 to be connected to the inlet end of the fuel rail 5.

[0044] Specifically, a high-pressure fuel pipe 3 is disposed between the fuel pump 2 and the fuel rail 5. The inlet of the high-pressure fuel pipe 3 is connected to the outlet of the fuel pump 2, and the outlet of the high-pressure fuel pipe 3 is connected to the inlet of the fuel rail 5. High-pressure fuel medium output from the fuel pump 2 flows through the high-pressure fuel pipe 3, enters the fuel rail 5, and is distributed to the fuel injectors. The ECU controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valves to inject the high-pressure fuel medium into the combustion chamber, achieving combustion. High-pressure fuel pipe 3 includes a first pipe section 31 and a second pipe section 32. First pipe section 31 is connected to the outlet of the fuel pump 2 and extends along an inclined direction relative to the outlet of the fuel pump 2. High-pressure fuel medium flowing from the outlet of the fuel pump 2 can continue to flow in the original direction through the first pipe section 31. Second pipe section 32 is connected to the first pipe section 31 and bends toward the side closer to the fuel rail 5 until it connects to the inlet of the fuel rail 5. The bent second pipe section 32 changes the extension direction of the high-pressure fuel pipe 3, thereby enabling connection to the inlet of the fuel rail 5.

[0045] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the high-pressure fuel system as viewed from the side of the intake side of the engine cylinder head 6. The first pipe section 31 of the high-pressure fuel pipe 3 extends obliquely upward relative to the fuel rail 5, and the second pipe section 32 is bent in a direction close to the fuel rail 5. In this embodiment, the first pipe section 31 and the bent second pipe section 32 are provided to optimize the route of the high-pressure fuel pipe 3. After simulation analysis, the high-pressure fuel pipe 3 provided in this embodiment can avoid the engine's own vibration and avoid the fuel pulsation excitation frequency, which helps to suppress its own high-frequency vibration.

[0046] Optionally, an arc-shaped transition structure is provided at the connection between the second pipe section 32 and the first pipe section 31 , and at the connection between the second pipe section 32 and the inlet end of the fuel rail 5 .

[0047] Specifically, an arc-shaped transition structure is provided at the connection between the second pipe section 32 and the first pipe section 31, and at the connection between the second pipe section 32 and the inlet end of the fuel rail 5. The arc-shaped transition structure can adopt an arc-shaped elbow, so that the transition at the turning point of the high-pressure fuel pipe 3 is smoother, which can reduce the high-pressure impact at the turning point of the high-pressure fuel pipe 3, ensure the smooth flow of the fuel medium in the high-pressure fuel pipe 3, help reduce fluid-induced vibrations, and thus play a role in suppressing high-frequency vibrations of the high-pressure fuel pipe 3.

[0048] Optionally, along the axial direction of the engine cylinder head 6 , the middle portion of the second pipe segment 32 is bent toward the middle portion of the engine cylinder head 6 .

[0049] Specifically, along the axial direction of the engine cylinder head 6, the middle portion of the second pipe section 32 is bent toward the middle portion of the engine cylinder head 6, see Figure 1Most of the area of ​​the second pipe section 32 is located outside the rear end edge of the engine cylinder head 6, and the middle area of ​​the second pipe section 32 is bent toward the middle position of the engine cylinder head 6, so that the position of the bent part is closer to the inside, thereby reducing the space occupied by the second pipe section 32 protruding beyond the boundary of the engine cylinder head 6, further reducing interference with surrounding components, and making the structure more compact and centralized.

[0050] Optionally, a sealing structure is provided between the outlet end of the high-pressure fuel pipe 3 and the inlet end of the fuel rail 5. The provision of the sealing structure can ensure the sealing performance of the high-pressure fuel pipe 3 and prevent leakage of the fuel medium.

[0051] Optionally, a TAC coating is provided on the plunger inside the fuel pump 2 .

[0052] Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon (TAC) coating is a hydrogen-free carbon coating with physical and chemical properties similar to diamond, including high hardness, high elastic modulus, good adhesion resistance, and temperature resistance. In this embodiment, applying TAC coating to the plunger can increase its hardness and durability.

[0053] Optionally, a spring structure is provided inside the fuel pump 2 , and the spring structure is made of 1.4125 alloy steel.

[0054] 1.4125 alloy steel is a stainless steel material with high strength and high corrosion resistance, and has excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability. In this embodiment, for corrosive fuel media such as methanol, the spring structure uses 1.4125 alloy steel to better adapt to its corrosiveness and help improve the durability of the fuel pump 2.

[0055] An embodiment of the present application also provides an engine, comprising the high-pressure fuel system as described above.

[0056] The advantages of the engine and the above-mentioned high-pressure fuel system over the prior art are the same and will not be described in detail here.

[0057] An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle comprising the high-pressure fuel system or engine as described above.

[0058] The advantages of the vehicle, the engine, and the high-pressure fuel system described above over the prior art are the same and will not be elaborated here.

[0059] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0060] It should also be noted that, in this article, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or terminal device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or terminal device that includes the element.

[0061] The technical solutions provided by this application are described in detail above. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only intended to help understand this application, and the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to this application, there may be various changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here, and obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high-pressure fuel system, characterized in that: include: A fuel pump and a fuel rail mounted on the engine cylinder head, wherein the outlet end of the fuel pump is connected to the inlet end of the fuel rail; A crankcase ventilation pipe is provided on the engine cylinder head, and the fuel pump is arranged below the crankcase ventilation pipe. The line between the inlet end of the fuel pump and the outlet end of the fuel pump is arranged at an angle to the axis of the engine cylinder head.

2. The high-pressure fuel system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet end of the fuel pump is arranged toward a side close to the crankcase ventilation pipe. The inlet end of the fuel pump is connected to a low-pressure fuel pipe, and the low-pressure fuel pipe is arranged below the crankcase ventilation pipe.

3. The high-pressure fuel system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel rail is arranged on the intake side of the engine cylinder head, and the outlet end of the fuel pump is inclined toward the intake side of the engine cylinder head.

4. The high-pressure fuel system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the axial direction of the engine cylinder head, the inlet end of the fuel rail and the outlet end of the fuel pump are both arranged at the same end of the engine cylinder head.

5. The high-pressure fuel system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the axial direction of the engine cylinder head, the inlet end of the fuel rail is arranged close to the middle of the engine cylinder head relative to the outlet end of the fuel pump.

6. The high-pressure fuel system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the fuel pump is connected to the inlet end of the fuel rail via a high-pressure fuel pipe; The high-pressure fuel pipe includes a first pipe section and a second pipe section; The first pipe section is connected to the outlet end of the fuel pump and extends along the inclined direction of the outlet end of the fuel pump; the second pipe section is connected to the first pipe section and is bent relative to the first pipe section toward the side close to the fuel rail to be connected to the inlet end of the fuel rail.

7. The high-pressure fuel system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A connection between the second pipe section and the first pipe section, and a connection between the second pipe section and the inlet end of the fuel rail are both provided with an arc-shaped transition structure.

8. The high-pressure fuel system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Along the axial direction of the engine cylinder head, the middle portion of the second pipe segment is bent toward the middle portion of the engine cylinder head.

9. An engine, characterized in that: Comprising the high pressure fuel system according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The method comprises the high-pressure fuel system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or the engine according to claim 9.

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