Quick-plug electric connector, microwave circuit and quantum computer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a quick-plug electric connector, a microwave circuit and a quantum computer, which comprise a first shell, a second shell, a plurality of plug assemblies, socket assemblies with the same number as the plug assemblies, alignment structures respectively arranged on the first shell and the second shell and used for forming alignment between the plug assemblies and the socket assemblies, furthermore, the first inner conductor and the second inner conductor are electrically connected, the second outer conductor partially wraps the periphery of the first outer conductor so that the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor are in counterpoint connection, the inner diameter of one end, close to the first conductor, of the second outer conductor is gradually reduced to form a necking, and interference fit is carried out. Through step-by-step guiding, the inner conductor is finally guided and abutted, thereby realizing high-density bunch multi-channel rapid blind insertion. Meanwhile, the plug assembly and the socket assembly are separated through the alignment structure, it is guaranteed that signals are not subjected to crosstalk, normal connection of cables is guaranteed while rapid installation is achieved, the installation efficiency and the channel percent of pass are improved, and the space utilization rate of the dilution refrigerator is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of quantum computers, and in particular to a quick-plug electrical connector, a microwave circuit and a quantum computer. Background Art

[0002] A superconducting quantum computer consists of a quantum chip, a microwave measurement and control system, a dilution refrigerator, cryogenic electronic components, and a display and control system. To ensure the proper functioning of the superconducting quantum chip, these components are typically placed inside an insulated cryogenic vacuum tank maintained at milli-Kelvin temperatures by the dilution refrigerator. External control signals and power supply are then transmitted to the dilution refrigerator via several coaxial microwave cables.

[0003] At present, the signal transmission cables and power supply cables of superconducting quantum computers mostly use plug-and-socket electrical connectors to achieve wire connection. The main connection methods for the plugs and sockets of the electrical connectors include threaded connection, snap connection, blind plug connection and other connection methods.

[0004] The ordinary blind-plug connection method relies on the elastic contact of the outer conductor from the inside to the outside. The installation process is relatively fast, but it cannot meet the requirements of use in low-temperature environments. The installation of electrical connectors with threaded connections requires a relatively large space, resulting in a small number of channels that can be installed in the dilution refrigerator, a small number of connected chips, and low space utilization of the dilution refrigerator.

[0005] However, superconducting quantum computer chips operate in a sealed, cryogenic vacuum environment. While the dilution refrigerator provides this low-temperature vacuum, it also generates mechanical vibrations due to its own operation. This vibration can cause poor contact, and at temperatures below 10mK (-273.15°C), thermal expansion and contraction can cause poor contact. A dilution refrigerator can take five days to heat up and down. Due to the unique nature of superconducting quantum computers, troubleshooting is difficult. If a poor electrical connector at temperatures below 10mK causes the superconducting quantum computer to malfunction, it's impossible to troubleshoot and replace the connector as is the case with conventional equipment. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a quick-plug electrical connector, a microwave circuit and a quantum computer.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a quick-plug electrical connector, comprising a first shell and a second shell, including:

[0008] A plurality of plug assemblies are disposed on the first housing, each of the plug assemblies comprising a first outer conductor and a first inner conductor;

[0009] The socket assemblies corresponding to the number of the plug assemblies are arranged on the second housing, and each of the socket assemblies includes a second outer conductor and a second inner conductor.

[0010] an alignment structure for aligning the plug assembly with the socket assembly and further electrically connecting the first inner conductor to the second inner conductor, with the second outer conductor partially covering the first outer conductor to align the first outer conductor to the second outer conductor;

[0011] The inner diameter of the second outer conductor close to one end of the first conductor gradually decreases to form a necking to achieve interference fit.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution, the alignment structure includes an elastic alignment component, which is arranged between the plug assembly and the first shell, and is used to enable the plug assembly to move freely towards or away from the first shell.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution, the alignment structure includes an elastic alignment component, which is arranged between the socket assembly and the second shell, and the elastic alignment component is used to enable the socket assembly to move freely towards or away from the second shell.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution, the alignment structure includes a housing guide component, the housing guide component includes a first frame provided on the first housing, and the plurality of plug assemblies are located in the first frame; and / or

[0015] The housing guide component includes a second frame body provided on the second housing body. The plurality of socket assemblies are located in the second frame body. A locking limit is formed between the second frame body and the first frame body.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution, the alignment structure includes:

[0017] A first guide groove is formed on the first shell. The first outer conductor is located in the first guide groove. The inner diameter of the first guide groove is adapted to the outer diameter of the second outer conductor so that the second outer conductor slides along the first guide groove to a target position.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution, the alignment structure includes:

[0019] The second guide groove is formed on the second outer conductor. The inner diameter of the second guide groove matches the outer diameter of the first outer conductor so as to enable the first outer conductor to slide to a target position along the second guide groove.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution, the inner diameter of the second guide groove is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the first outer conductor, so that the second outer conductor partially covers the first outer conductor.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution, several of the plug assemblies are arranged on the first shell, several of the socket assemblies are arranged on the second shell, and the elastic alignment components are arranged on the inner side of the first shell or the second shell and are limited by the cover plate.

[0022] Also included is a method for installing a quick-plug electrical connector, which is applicable to the electrical connector according to any one of the above technical solutions, comprising:

[0023] The plug and socket components are polished and gold plated on the outside;

[0024] Arrange several of the plug assemblies on the first housing, arrange several of the socket assemblies on the second housing, install elastic alignment components, and limit them through the cover plate;

[0025] The first housing and the second housing are matched together through the housing guide component, and the plug assembly and the socket assembly are matched together through the first guide groove and the second guide groove.

[0026] It also includes a microwave circuit, one end of which is provided with an electrical connector according to any one of the above technical solutions.

[0027] It also includes a quantum computer, which is suitable for the electrical connector and microwave circuit described in any one of the above technical solutions.

[0028] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. A multi-level docking structure is set up. By sequentially plugging and matching the first shell and the second shell, the plug assembly and the socket assembly, each part is installed through step-by-step guidance, and finally the first inner conductor and the second inner conductor are electrically connected to achieve high-density bundle multi-channel fast blind plugging; at the same time, several plug assemblies or socket assemblies are isolated by the shell guide component to ensure that the signals do not crosstalk, and the normal connection of the cables is guaranteed during the rapid installation process, thereby improving the installation efficiency and channel qualification rate, and improving the space utilization rate of the dilution refrigerator.

[0030] 2. The inner diameter of the second guide groove is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the first outer conductor, so that the second outer conductor partially covers the first outer conductor, thereby increasing the contact area and improving the insertion and removal force of the outer conductor, thereby ensuring that the electrical connector is not subject to poor contact of the outer conductor due to thermal expansion and contraction, ensuring that the electrical connector transmits microwave signals normally at low temperatures <10mK (-273.15°C) and in ultra-vacuum conditions (5E^-6mbar~1E^-7mbar), and improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0031] 3. The second outer conductor is subjected to a shrinking treatment. After shrinking, the inner diameter of the second outer conductor of the socket assembly is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the first outer conductor of the plug assembly, forming a covering force from the outside to the inside, increasing the contact area between the second outer conductor and the first outer conductor, improving the plugging and unplugging force, and ensuring that the electrical connector is not subject to poor contact of the outer conductor due to thermal expansion and contraction factors. Microwave signals are transmitted normally at low temperatures <10mK (-273.15℃) and ultra-vacuum conditions (5E^-6mbar~1E^-7mbar). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the quick-connect connector proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the quick-connect connector plug assembly and socket assembly proposed in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a first-level guide diagram of the inter-mating process between the plug assembly and the socket assembly of the quick-connect connector proposed in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second-level guidance process of the mutual mating process between the plug assembly and the socket assembly of the quick-connect connector proposed in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third-level guide for the inter-mating process between the plug assembly and the socket assembly of the quick-connect connector proposed in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the plug assembly and the socket assembly of the quick-connect connector proposed in the present invention are fully mated with each other;

[0038] Figure 7 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the internal electrical connector of the quick-connect connector plug assembly and the socket assembly proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-connect connector plug assembly and the socket assembly after mating in an outer covering contact manner.

[0040] Legend:

[0041] 1. First shell; 2. Second shell; 3. Plug assembly; 31. First outer conductor; 32. First inner conductor; 4. Socket assembly; 41. Second outer conductor; 42. Second inner conductor; 5. First cover; 6. Second cover; 7. Elastic alignment component; 8. First guide groove; 9. Second guide groove; 10. First frame; 11. Second frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0044] Reference Figures 1-8 The present invention provides an embodiment of a quick-plug electrical connector, comprising:

[0045] comprising a first shell and a second shell;

[0046] A plurality of plug assemblies are disposed on the first housing, each plug assembly comprising a first outer conductor and a first inner conductor;

[0047] The socket assemblies corresponding to the number of plug assemblies are arranged on the second housing, and each socket assembly includes a second outer conductor and a second inner conductor.

[0048] An alignment structure for aligning the plug assembly with the socket assembly and further electrically connecting the first inner conductor to the second inner conductor, with the second outer conductor partially covering the first outer conductor to align the first and second outer conductors;

[0049] The inner diameter of the second outer conductor close to one end of the first conductor gradually decreases to form a necking to achieve interference fit.

[0050] During their research, the applicant discovered that to ensure stable operation of superconducting quantum chips, they are typically placed alongside cryogenic electronic components within a heat-insulated, low-temperature vacuum vessel maintained at milli-kelvin temperatures within a dilution refrigerator. Power and control signals are introduced into the refrigerator via coaxial microwave cables. To maintain the ultra-low temperatures (as low as 5mK-10mK) and ultra-high vacuum (5E^-6mbar to 1E^-7mbar) within the dilution refrigerator, the wires used must possess high electrical conductivity while meeting the operating current requirements. This reduces the impact of heat generated by the electrical connectors on the quantum chip and maintains the ultra-low temperature environment within.

[0051] Currently, signal and power cables in superconducting quantum computers mostly rely on pin-and-socket connectors for threaded connections. These connectors achieve circuit continuity through physical contact between the pin and the socket. To optimize conductivity, connectors are often made of gold-plated copper to minimize contact resistance during mating.

[0052] Although this threaded electrical connector method ensures excellent conductivity, it ignores the installation space of the dilution refrigerator. For small-bit superconducting quantum computers, this design can still maintain the working environment of the quantum chip. However, as the number of bits in the quantum chip increases, the number of cables connected to the dilution refrigerator increases exponentially, and the number of connectors required also increases sharply. At this time, the dilution refrigerator has limited space. Traditional threaded electrical connectors do not have enough room to install, and the signal crosstalk problem between the large number of cables and the electrical connector connections is becoming increasingly serious. At the same time, the magnetic induction of the electrical connector is also increasing, causing magnetocaloric effect, which affects the cooling of the dilution refrigerator.

[0053] Therefore, when designing cable electrical connectors for large-bit superconducting quantum computers, it is necessary to comprehensively consider requirements such as heat dissipation performance, electrical isolation, magnetocaloric effect, installation convenience, and electrical conductivity in ultra-low temperature environments to ensure the stability and efficiency of the system.

[0054] In this embodiment, a plug assembly and a socket assembly are integrated on the designed first shell and the second shell for plug-in matching, so that the first shell extends into the inner side of the second shell through the shell guide component, and the socket assembly provided on the second shell is inserted into the inner side of the first guide groove and matched with the plug assembly. The plug assembly is inserted into the inner side of the socket assembly, so that the first outer conductor is inserted into the inner side of the second outer conductor through the second guide groove, so that the second outer conductor is partially covered on the outer periphery of the first outer conductor, thereby realizing alignment connection, and electrically connecting the first inner conductor and the second inner conductor. Each part is installed through step-by-step guidance to realize high-density bundle multi-channel fast blind plugging; at the same time, each plug assembly and socket assembly are isolated by the shell guide component to ensure that each signal does not crosstalk, and the normal connection of the cable is guaranteed during the rapid installation process, thereby improving the installation efficiency and channel qualification rate, and improving the space utilization rate of the dilution refrigerator.

[0055] The alignment structure includes an elastic alignment component, which is arranged between the plug assembly and the first shell, and is used to enable the plug assembly to move freely toward or away from the first shell;

[0056] The alignment structure includes an elastic alignment component, which is arranged between the socket assembly and the second shell. The elastic alignment component is used to enable the socket assembly to move freely towards or away from the second shell.

[0057] In this embodiment, a first cover plate is provided on the side of the first shell away from the second shell to limit the first outer conductor, and a volume cavity is formed between the first cover plate, the first outer conductor, and the first shell, and an elastic alignment component is placed inside. A second cover plate is provided on one side of the second shell to limit the second outer conductor, and the second cover plate, the second outer conductor, and the second shell form a volume cavity, and an elastic alignment component is placed inside. During the plug-in assembly process, the plug assembly and the socket assembly can be offset a certain distance in the axial or radial direction. The elastic alignment component is selected from a spring, a spring, a rubber gasket, or other material with a rebound function, preferably a non-magnetic spring, a non-magnetic spring, or a rubber gasket.

[0058] During the plug-in assembly process, it is difficult to ensure the consistency of part dimensions by relying on equipment. As long as there is a deviation in one dimension, the plug assembly and the socket assembly of the high-density cluster quick-plug connector will not be able to mate normally, resulting in structural failure. The embodiment of the present application can effectively absorb the processing tolerances and overall assembly tolerances of the parts by adding elastic alignment components. The axial tolerance of each hole of the shell guide component of the high-density cluster connector can be relaxed from the original [-0.01, 0.01] mm to [-0.20, 0.20] mm, and the hole spacing tolerance is relaxed from the original [-0.01, 0.01] mm to [-0.20, 0.20] mm, reducing the processing difficulty and cost. The elastic alignment component allows a single electrical connector to move freely up, down, left, and right, ensuring that the internal single electrical connector is automatically corrected and accurately docked during the overall assembly of the high-density cluster quick-plug connector.

[0059] The alignment structure includes a housing guide component, the housing guide component includes a first frame provided on the first housing, and the plurality of plug assemblies are located in the first frame; and / or

[0060] The shell guide component comprises a second frame body arranged on the second shell body, a plurality of socket components are located in the second frame body, and a clamping limit is formed between the second frame body and the first frame body.

[0061] In this embodiment, the first shell is integrally connected to the first frame, the first frame extends outward, and is provided with a plurality of first guide grooves, which serve as connection channels corresponding to the setting positions of the socket components, so that the socket components are inserted into the inner side of the first frame, and a plug component is arranged inside the first guide groove to isolate the plurality of plug components.

[0062] The second shell is integrally connected to the second frame, and the second frame cooperates with the first frame so that the first frame can be engaged with the inner side of the second frame, and the second frame limits the first frame.

[0063] The housing guide components isolate the plug assembly from the socket assembly, effectively preventing signal crosstalk from a single electrical connector. The integrated module can effectively reduce installation space, allowing more electrical connectors to be installed within the same space, making installation much simpler.

[0064] The first guide groove is formed on the first shell. The first outer conductor is located in the first guide groove. The inner diameter of the first guide groove is adapted to the outer diameter of the second outer conductor so that the second outer conductor slides along the first guide groove to a target position.

[0065] In this embodiment, a plurality of first guide grooves are provided on the first frame, and the socket assembly is inserted into the inner side of the first guide grooves, so that the second outer conductor moves along the setting direction of the first guide grooves until the second outer conductor is matched with the first outer conductor; the plug assembly includes a first outer conductor and a first inner conductor, and the socket assembly includes a second outer conductor and a second inner conductor. The outer diameter of the first outer conductor is smaller than the inner diameter of the second outer conductor, so that the first outer conductor is inserted into the inner side of the second outer conductor.

[0066] The alignment structure includes a second guide groove formed on the second outer conductor. The inner diameter of the second guide groove matches the outer diameter of the first outer conductor so as to enable the first outer conductor to slide to a target position along the second guide groove.

[0067] The inner diameter of the second guide groove is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the first outer conductor, so that the second outer conductor partially covers the first outer conductor.

[0068] The high-density bundle quick-connect connector is composed of multiple individual quick-connect electrical connectors. According to the principle of microwave signal transmission, microwave signals propagate along the outer surface of the inner conductor and the inner surface of the outer conductor. The reliability of the connection between the first inner conductor and the second inner conductor, and the connection between the first outer conductor and the second outer conductor, determines whether the microwave signal is effectively transmitted. According to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, all materials will shrink in low-temperature environments. To ensure that the electrical connector can properly transmit microwave signals in ultra-low temperature environments (<10mK), the outer conductor is configured with an outer sheath contact method.

[0069] In this embodiment, a second guide groove is defined in the second outer conductor, and a narrowing process is performed on the side proximal to the first outer conductor to enclose the first outer conductor. The first and second outer conductors mate so that the first outer conductor is inserted into the interior of the second outer conductor. The second outer conductor forms an outer-enclosing contact with the first outer conductor, and the first and second outer conductors form an interference fit. The outer-enclosing contact is achieved by slotting and narrowing the second outer conductor. After narrowing, the inner diameter of the second outer conductor of the socket assembly interferes with the outer diameter of the first outer conductor of the plug assembly by [0.06-0.10] mm. When the socket assembly and the plug assembly are mated, the second outer conductor forms an outer-enclosing force from the outside to the inside of the first outer conductor, increasing the contact area and improving the insertion and removal force of the outer conductor. This ensures that the electrical connector is not susceptible to poor contact of the outer conductors due to thermal expansion and contraction, ensuring normal microwave signal transmission in the electrical connector at low temperatures (<10mK) (-273.15°C) and ultra-vacuum conditions (5E^-6mbar to 1E^-7mbar). The groove also enhances heat dissipation.

[0070] The second inner conductor is inserted into the inner side of the first outer conductor and abuts against the first inner conductor.

[0071] In this embodiment, a groove is further provided on the end surface of the first inner conductor, so that the second inner conductor can be inserted into the inner side of the first inner conductor to achieve electrical connection of the inner conductors.

[0072] Furthermore, because high-density quick-connect connectors are assembled from multiple machined parts and have numerous structural features in their housings, the axial depth and longitudinal position of each hole have tolerances. This leads to inconsistent tolerances among different machining equipment and workers. According to electrical connector principles, to meet the electrical performance requirements of connectors, the dimensional tolerances of the inner and outer conductors must be controlled within [-0.01, 0.01] mm, and the coaxiality between the inner and outer conductors must be controlled within [-0.01, 0.01] mm. The axial depth tolerance of each hole in the housing guide component of high-density connectors must be controlled within [-0.01, 0.01] mm, and the hole spacing tolerance must be controlled within [-0.01, 0.01] mm.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] A method for installing a quick-plug electrical connector includes polishing a plug assembly and a socket assembly and performing gold plating on the outer sides;

[0075] Several plug assemblies are arranged on the first housing, several socket assemblies are arranged on the second housing, and elastic alignment components are installed, and the cover plate is used to limit the position;

[0076] The first shell and the second shell are matched through the shell guide component, and the plug assembly and the socket assembly are matched through the first guide groove and the second guide groove.

[0077] In this embodiment, because magnetic flux density can affect the proper functioning of the superconducting quantum computer chip, the magnetocaloric effect can cause the temperature inside the adiabatic cryogenic vacuum vessel to rise, increasing the dilution refrigerator's energy consumption and disrupting the low-temperature environment within the adiabatic cryogenic vacuum vessel. The electrical connector is used in conjunction with a cable, which introduces external heat into the adiabatic cryogenic vacuum vessel. This connector is required to quickly dissipate this heat to the dilution refrigerator's refrigeration system. Both the magnetocaloric effect and the heat dissipation effect prevent the dilution refrigerator from cooling below 10 mK.

[0078] In order to reduce the magnetocaloric effect, the first outer conductor, the second outer conductor, the first inner conductor and the second inner conductor are all made of high-purity oxygen-free copper, non-magnetic beryllium copper or other non-magnetic or weakly magnetic (magnetic induction intensity <10mGs) materials and are polished.

[0079] Heat introduced from the cable is transferred through the first and second outer conductors of the electrical connector to the first and second shells, which then conduct the heat to the dilution refrigerator's cooling system for rapid heat dissipation. To enhance heat dissipation, the surface is mirror-polished and gold-plated. The outer conductors of the electrical connector's plug assembly and socket assembly must be in close contact, as well as the outer conductors and shell, increasing the contact area and improving heat dissipation. Pure gold or nickel-gold plating is preferred, as it resists oxidation during temperature fluctuations.

[0080] After processing is completed, the plug assembly and the socket assembly are installed, and the plug assembly or the socket assembly is limited by the shell and the cover plate. An elastic alignment component is set between the first shell and the plug assembly or between the second shell and the socket assembly, so that the plug assembly and the socket assembly can effectively absorb the processing tolerance of the parts and the overall assembly tolerance during the matching process.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] The present invention also provides a microwave circuit comprising the clustered quick-connect connectors of the aforementioned embodiments. The specific structure of the clustered quick-connect connectors is referenced from the aforementioned embodiments. Since the present microwave circuit utilizes all the technical solutions of all the aforementioned embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects of the technical solutions of the aforementioned embodiments, and therefore will not be further elaborated upon here.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] The present invention also provides a quantum computer, which includes the cluster quick-plug connector provided by the above embodiment. The specific structure of the cluster quick-plug connector refers to the above embodiment. Since the quantum computer adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-plug electrical connector, comprising a first shell and a second shell, characterized in that: include: A plurality of plug assemblies are disposed on the first housing, each of the plug assemblies comprising a first outer conductor and a first inner conductor; The socket assemblies corresponding to the number of the plug assemblies are arranged on the second housing, and each of the socket assemblies includes a second outer conductor and a second inner conductor. an alignment structure for aligning the plug assembly with the socket assembly and further electrically connecting the first inner conductor to the second inner conductor, with the second outer conductor partially covering the first outer conductor to align the first outer conductor to the second outer conductor; The inner diameter of the second outer conductor close to one end of the first outer conductor gradually decreases to form a necking to achieve interference fit.

2. The quick-plug electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alignment structure includes an elastic alignment component, which is arranged between the plug assembly and the first shell. The elastic alignment component is used to enable the plug assembly to move freely towards or away from the first shell.

3. The quick-plug electrical connector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The alignment structure includes an elastic alignment component, which is arranged between the socket assembly and the second shell. The elastic alignment component is used to enable the socket assembly to move freely towards or away from the second shell.

4. The quick-plug electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alignment structure includes a housing guide component, the housing guide component includes a first frame provided on the first housing, and the plurality of plug assemblies are located in the first frame; and / or The housing guide component includes a second frame body provided on the second housing body. The plurality of socket assemblies are located in the second frame body. A locking limit is formed between the second frame body and the first frame body.

5. The quick-plug electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alignment structure includes: A first guide groove is formed on the first shell. The first outer conductor is located in the first guide groove. The inner diameter of the first guide groove is adapted to the outer diameter of the second outer conductor so that the second outer conductor slides along the first guide groove to a target position.

6. The quick-plug electrical connector according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The alignment structure includes: The second guide groove is formed on the second outer conductor. The inner diameter of the second guide groove matches the outer diameter of the first outer conductor so as to enable the first outer conductor to slide to a target position along the second guide groove.

7. The quick-plug electrical connector according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the second guide groove is interference-fitted with the outer diameter of the first outer conductor, so that the second outer conductor partially covers the first outer conductor.

8. The quick-plug electrical connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: Several of the plug assemblies are arranged on the first shell, several of the socket assemblies are arranged on the second shell, and the elastic alignment component is arranged on the inner side of the first shell or the second shell and is limited by the cover plate.

9. A microwave circuit, characterized in that: One end of the microwave line is provided with an electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A quantum computer, characterized in that: The quantum computer is applicable to the electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and the microwave circuit according to claim 9.

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