Workpiece and speed reducer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a workpiece and a speed reducer, and relates to the technical field of workpiece machining. The convex part and the concave part are arranged on the hole wall of the corresponding position of the center hole of the workpiece, when the clamp clamps the workpiece, the tensioning part is arranged in the center hole in a penetrating mode, the side wall of the tensioning part abuts against the convex part, and the effect of limiting the position of the workpiece can be achieved. Due to the fact that the protruding part is located in the first area of the center hole, under the partition of the through hole, pressure generated by the clamp is difficult to transmit to the outer wall face of the workpiece when the tensioning part abuts against the protruding part. And when the tensioning part and the concave part are arranged at intervals, the pressure generated by the clamp can be prevented from being transmitted to the workpiece through the concave part, so that the fluctuation uniformity of the outer wall surface when the cycloidal gear is clamped is ensured, and the machining precision of the workpiece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of workpiece processing, in particular to a workpiece and a reducer. Background Art

[0002] When processing the outer teeth of the cycloidal wheel of the RV reducer, an internal expansion clamp is required to clamp and position the cycloidal wheel. For example, the clamp includes a tensioning part, which cooperates with the center hole of the cycloidal wheel, and the tensioning part can expand to clamp the cycloidal wheel. The pressure generated by the clamp is usually transmitted to the outer wall of the cycloidal wheel, causing a certain degree of elastic deformation of the outer wall. Since the cycloidal wheel is also provided with crankshaft holes, special-shaped holes and other holes, when the clamp clamps the cycloidal wheel, the pressure generated by the clamp is difficult to be transmitted to the outer wall of the cycloidal wheel through the special-shaped holes or crankshaft holes, which will cause uneven deformation of the outer wall of the cycloidal wheel. After the outer teeth of the cycloidal wheel are machined and the clamp is released, the elastic deformation of the outer wall of the cycloidal wheel will rebound, resulting in an increase in the radial runout and pitch error of the cycloidal wheel, which affects the stability of the RV reducer during operation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a workpiece that can improve the uneven deformation during the clamping process, thereby improving the machining accuracy.

[0004] The utility model also provides a reducer with the workpiece.

[0005] According to the workpiece of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model, the outer peripheral wall of the workpiece is a bearing portion, the workpiece has a center hole and a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals around the center hole, along the circumference of the center hole, the area where the maximum central angle of each through hole corresponding to the center of the center hole is located is the first area, the hole wall of the center hole is provided with a convex portion within the first area, and a concave portion is formed between two adjacent convex portions.

[0006] The workpiece according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0007] By providing a convex portion and a concave portion on the wall of the workpiece at corresponding locations on the center hole, when the clamp is clamping the workpiece to process the load-bearing portion, the tensioning portion passes through the center hole, and the sidewall of the tensioning portion abuts the convex portion, thereby restricting the position of the workpiece. Because the convex portion is located in the first region of the center hole, the abutment of the tensioning portion and the convex portion by the through hole prevents the pressure generated by the clamp from being transmitted to the outer wall of the workpiece. Furthermore, the spacing between the tensioning portion and the concave portion prevents the pressure generated by the clamp from being transmitted to the workpiece through the concave portion, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the undulations on the outer wall of the cycloid wheel when it is clamped, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, along the radial direction of the central hole, the maximum depth of the recess is H, and H ≥ 0.01 mm.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the workpiece is a cycloid wheel, the through hole is a special-shaped hole for the support column of the planetary carrier to pass through, and the bearing portion is configured as an annular external tooth portion.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cycloid wheel is also provided with a plurality of crankshaft holes for the crankshaft to pass through, and the crankshaft holes are located between at least partially adjacent special-shaped holes. Along the circumference of the center hole, the area where the maximum central angle of each crankshaft hole corresponding to the center of the center hole is located is the second area, and one of the recesses is provided in the second area along the circumference of the center hole, and both ends of the recess are located outside the second area.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, along the radial direction of the center hole, the minimum distance between the special-shaped hole and the center hole is smaller than the minimum distance between the crankshaft hole and the center hole; and / or, on the projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the center hole, the opening area of ​​the crankshaft hole is smaller than the opening area of ​​the special-shaped hole.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the workpiece is a cycloidal wheel, the bearing portion is configured as an annular external tooth portion, the through hole is a crankshaft hole for the crankshaft to pass through, and special-shaped holes are provided between adjacent crankshaft holes. Along the circumference of the center hole, the area where the maximum central angle of the center hole corresponding to the center hole between each adjacent two crankshaft holes is located is the third area, and at least part of the structure of one of the recesses is located within a corresponding third area.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, along the radial direction of the center hole, the minimum distance between the crankshaft hole and the center hole is smaller than the minimum distance between the special-shaped hole and the center hole; and / or, on the projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the center hole, the opening area of ​​the special-shaped hole is smaller than the opening area of ​​the crankshaft hole.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the workpiece is a cycloidal wheel, the bearing portion is configured as an annular external tooth portion, the through hole is a first mounting hole for the support column of the planetary carrier to pass through, and the three first mounting holes arranged in sequence along the circumference of the center hole constitute a hole group, and the hole groups are spaced apart by two groups, and crankshaft holes are provided between adjacent hole groups. Along the circumference of the center hole, the area where the maximum central angle of the center of the center hole between adjacent hole groups is located is the fourth area, and at least part of the structure of one of the recesses is located within the corresponding fourth area.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, along the radial direction of the center hole, the minimum distance between the first mounting hole and the center hole is smaller than the minimum distance between the crankshaft hole and the center hole; and / or, on the projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the center hole, the opening area of ​​the crankshaft hole is smaller than the opening area of ​​the first mounting hole.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the workpiece is a flange, the bearing portion is configured as an annular first outer raceway, the through hole is a first matching hole, and a plurality of the first matching holes are evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole; or, the workpiece is a planetary carrier, the bearing portion is configured as an annular second outer raceway, the through hole is a second matching hole for the crankshaft to pass through, and a plurality of the second matching holes are evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, on a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the central hole, the central hole has a symmetrical structure.

[0018] According to the workpiece of the embodiment of the second aspect of the present utility model, the workpiece has a center hole and a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals around the center hole. Along the circumference of the center hole, the area where the maximum central angle of the through hole corresponding to the center of the center hole is located is the fifth area. The outer wall surface of the workpiece is provided with a convex portion in the fifth area, and a concave portion is formed between two adjacent convex portions.

[0019] The workpiece according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] By providing convex and concave portions at corresponding locations on the outer wall of the workpiece, when the clamp is clamping the workpiece, the tensioning portion is sheathed against the outer wall of the workpiece, and the sidewalls of the tensioning portion abut against the convex portion, thereby restricting the position of the workpiece. Because the convex portion is located in the fifth region of the center hole, the abutment of the tensioning portion and the convex portion by the through hole prevents the pressure generated by the clamp from being transmitted to the outer wall of the workpiece. Furthermore, the spacing between the tensioning portion and the concave portion prevents the pressure generated by the clamp from being transmitted to the workpiece through the concave portion, thereby ensuring uniformity in the undulations of the inner wall of the workpiece when clamped. This reduces machining errors, improves machining accuracy, and thus extends the durability of the workpiece.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the workpiece is a rigid wheel, the bearing portion is configured as an annular inner tooth portion, and the through hole is a second mounting hole for a fastener to pass through.

[0022] The reducer according to the embodiment of the third aspect of the present utility model includes the workpiece described in the above embodiment.

[0023] The reducer according to the embodiment of the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] By adopting the workpiece of the embodiment of the first aspect, by providing a convex portion and a concave portion on the hole wall corresponding to the center hole of the workpiece, when a fixture is clamped to process the load-bearing portion, the tensioning portion is inserted into the center hole, and the sidewall of the tensioning portion abuts the convex portion, thereby limiting the position of the workpiece. Because the convex portion is located in the first region of the center hole, the abutment of the tensioning portion and the convex portion by the through hole makes it difficult for the pressure generated by the fixture to be transmitted to the outer wall surface of the workpiece. Moreover, when the tensioning portion and the concave portion are spaced apart, the pressure generated by the fixture can be prevented from being transmitted to the workpiece through the concave portion, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the undulations of the outer wall surface when the cycloid wheel is clamped, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and will become apparent from the following description or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an RV reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a clamp holding a cycloid wheel in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a fixture and a cycloid wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a fixture and a cycloid wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a top view of the cycloid wheel of the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 1 is a top view of a cycloid wheel according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 1 is a top view of a cycloid wheel according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a top view of a flange according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a top view of the structure of a planetary carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a top view of a rigid wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of radial runout when the cycloid wheel of one embodiment of the present utility model is not provided with convex parts and concave parts;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of radial runout when a cycloid wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with convex and concave parts.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] Workpiece 100; center hole 110; protrusion 111; recess 112; first end 1121; second end 1122; through hole 120; first region 130; second region 140; third region 150; fourth region 160;

[0041] Clamp 200; tensioning portion 210; main body 211; liquid inlet channel 212; liquid reservoir 213; flexible ring 214; first positioning block 220; second positioning block 230; support portion 240; clamping portion 250; fastener 260;

[0042] RV reducer 300; cycloid gear 310; special-shaped hole 311; crankshaft hole 312; first mounting hole 313; hole group 314; crankshaft 320; pin gear housing 330; planet carrier 340; second matching hole 341; support column 342; flange 350; first matching hole 351;

[0043] The wheel 400 ; the second mounting hole 410 ; and the fifth area 420 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "many" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the workpiece 100 of an embodiment of the present invention can be a cycloid wheel 310, a flange 350 and a planetary carrier 340 used in an RV reducer 300; or it can be a cycloid wheel 310 used in a cycloid reducer. The outer peripheral wall of the workpiece 100 is a bearing portion, and the bearing portion can only be processed after the workpiece 100 is clamped by the fixture 200. For example, when the workpiece 100 is a cycloid wheel 310, the outer teeth of the cycloid wheel 310 are processed; when the workpiece 100 is a flange 350, a planetary carrier 340 or a pinion housing 330, the first outer raceway of the flange 350, the second outer raceway of the planetary carrier 340 or the inner raceway of the pinion housing 330 are processed. Therefore, depending on the type of the workpiece 100, the bearing portion can be an annular outer tooth portion, an annular outer raceway, an annular inner raceway, an annular inner tooth portion, etc.

[0049] The workpiece 100 needs to be clamped by the fixture 200 during processing. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the fixture 200 includes a tensioning portion 210, a first positioning block 220, a second positioning block 230, a support portion 240, a clamping portion 250 and a fastener 260. The tensioning portion 210 is connected to the upper end of the support portion 240, and the clamping portion 250 is connected to the upper end of the tensioning portion 210 and can be limited by the fastener 260. A clamping space for clamping the workpiece 100 is formed between the clamping portion 250 and the support portion 240. The first positioning block 220 and the second positioning block 230 are arranged on the upper end surface of the support portion 240. The workpiece 100 has a center hole 110 and a plurality of through holes 120, and the plurality of through holes 120 are arranged at intervals around the axis of the center hole 110. Unless otherwise specified, for the convenience of explanation, the subsequent embodiments are described as the cycloid wheel 310, and the bearing portion is configured as an annular outer tooth portion. When clamping the cycloid wheel 310, the tensioning portion 210 penetrates the center hole 110 of the workpiece 100, while the supporting portion 240 supports the workpiece 100. The clamping portion 250 abuts against the upper end surface of the workpiece 100, thereby limiting axial displacement of the workpiece 100. The first and second positioning blocks 220 and 230 mate with the through hole 120 to determine the relative position of the cycloid wheel 310 and the fixture. The outer diameter of the tensioning portion 210 is expandable, abutting against the wall of the center hole 110 to limit radial displacement of the workpiece 100.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the expansion and deformation mechanism of the tensioning portion 210 is as follows: the tensioning portion 210 comprises a main body 211 and a flexible annular sleeve 214. The main body 211 is provided with a liquid inlet channel 212, and the outer wall of the main body 211 is surrounded by a liquid reservoir 213. The flexible annular sleeve 214 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main body 211 and closes the opening of the liquid reservoir 213. A liquid storage space is formed between the flexible annular sleeve 214 and the liquid reservoir 213, which is connected to the liquid inlet channel 212. For example, the liquid storage space can store hydraulic oil. It is understood that a pressure screw or piston can be provided in the liquid inlet channel 212. For example, pushing the pressure screw can reduce the volume of the liquid inlet channel 212 and allow the hydraulic oil to flow into the liquid reservoir 213. Because the flexible annular sleeve 214 can produce elastic deformation, it expands under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, thereby increasing its outer diameter and abutting against the wall of the center hole 110 to limit the radial position of the cycloid wheel 310.

[0051] When tensioning the tensioning portion 210, it transfers pressure to the outer wall of the cycloidal wheel 310, causing it to bulge. Because the cycloidal wheel 310 is surrounded by multiple through-holes 120, these through-holes 120 act as barriers, making it difficult for the clamp 200 to effectively transfer pressure to the outer wall of the cycloidal wheel 310. This results in uneven deformation of the outer wall of the cycloidal wheel 310. After machining the outer teeth and releasing the clamp 200, the outer wall of the cycloidal wheel 310 rebounds, causing uneven deformation of the machined outer teeth, increasing radial runout and pitch error.

[0052] In order to improve the uneven deformation during the clamping process of the clamp 200, refer to Figure 5 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, along the circumference of the center hole 110, the area where the maximum central angle of the through hole 120 corresponding to the center of the center hole 110 is located is the first area 130, for example Figure 5 The area enclosed by the two dotted lines at an angle α is the first area 130. The wall of the center hole 110 is provided with a protrusion 111 within the first area 130. Specifically, the through hole 120 is provided with a protrusion 111 at the wall corresponding to the center hole 110, with a recess 112 formed between two adjacent protrusions 111. When the clamp 200 clamps the cycloid wheel 310, the tensioning portion 210 is inserted into the center hole 110, with the sidewall of the tensioning portion 210 abutting against the protrusion 111, and the sidewall of the tensioning portion 210 and the recess 112 spaced apart. It should be noted that the convex portion 111 provided in the first region 130 may be that the convex portion 111 is completely located in the first region 130, or that both ends of the convex portion 111 along the circumferential direction just coincide with the edge of the first region 130, or that one end of the convex portion 111 along the circumferential direction just coincides with the edge of the first region 130, and the other end of the convex portion 111 is located in the first region 130. It should also be noted that, in order to conveniently illustrate the positional relationship between the convex portion 111 and the concave portion 112, Figure 5 The depth of the concave portion 112 is increased to a certain extent to facilitate understanding. The figures are merely illustrative and do not necessarily represent the proportional relationship in the actual product. The concave portion 112 and the convex portion 111 in the other figures are similar and will not be described in detail.

[0053] It can be understood that by adopting the above-mentioned scheme, since the protrusion 111 is located in the first area 130 of the center hole 110, under the partition of the through hole 120, it is difficult to transmit the pressure generated by the clamp 200 to the outer wall surface of the cycloid wheel 310 when the tensioning portion 210 and the protrusion 111 abut against each other; and when the tensioning portion 210 and the recess 112 are arranged at intervals, the pressure generated by the clamp 200 can be avoided from being transmitted to the cycloid wheel 310 through the recess 112, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the undulation of the outer wall surface when the cycloid wheel 310 is clamped, and reducing the radial runout and pitch error of the outer teeth of the cycloid wheel 310, so as to improve the processing accuracy of the cycloid wheel 310, thereby extending the durability of the cycloid wheel 310 and improving the stability of the torsional rigidity of the RV reducer.

[0054] Specific effects refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, Figure 11 is the radial runout when the cycloid wheel 310 is not provided with the convex portion 111 and the concave portion 112, Figure 12 Schematic diagram of radial runout when the cycloid wheel 310 is provided with the convex portion 111 and the concave portion 112, Figure 11 and Figure 12 The abscissa represents different locations along the circumference of the outer wall of the cycloid wheel 310, while the ordinate represents the radial runout. Radial runout is defined as the fluctuation in the distance between the center of the stylus ball and the center of the cycloid wheel 310, as measured by contacting the tooth surfaces of each tooth groove of the cycloid wheel 310's external teeth with a stylus ball of a certain diameter. A positive radial runout indicates that the external teeth at that location are far from the center of the cycloid wheel 310. A negative radial runout indicates that the external teeth at that location are close to the center of the cycloid wheel 310.

[0055] Therefore, from Figure 11 It can be seen from the figure that when the convex portion 111 and the concave portion 112 are not provided, the radial runout of the cycloid wheel 310 is more obvious and changes periodically. The reason is that the pressure generated by the clamp 200 cannot be transmitted to the outer wall of the cycloid wheel 310 due to the partition of the through hole 120. Therefore, the part where the radial runout is more obvious is related to the position distribution of the through hole 120. Figure 12 It can be seen that after the convex portion 111 and the concave portion 112 are provided, the radial runout of the cycloid wheel 310 is significantly reduced, and the runout value is small, indicating that the provision of the convex portion 111 and the concave portion 112 can effectively improve the machining accuracy of the outer teeth of the cycloid wheel 310.

[0056] It should be noted that when center hole 110 does not need to mate with other parts, or when convex portion 111 and concave portion 112 do not affect the stability of the mate, the final cycloid gear 310 can retain the features of convex portion 111 and concave portion 112. If concave portion 112 and convex portion 111 affect the mateability of cycloid gear 310 with other parts, convex portion 111 can be removed by turning after machining the outer teeth of cycloid gear 310, leaving the wall of center hole 110 with a complete circular arc surface. The appropriate machining method should be selected based on the actual situation.

[0057] Reference Figure 5 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, along the radial direction of the center hole 110, the maximum depth of the recess 112 is H, which satisfies: H ≥ 0.01 mm. For example, the value of H can be 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, etc. Among them, H can be the difference between the radius of the arc surface of the convex portion 111 and the radius of the arc surface of the recess 112. It should be noted that the hole wall of the center hole 110 is provided with a plurality of recesses 112, and the maximum depths of different recesses 112 can be the same or different. When H is less than 0.01 mm, that is, the depth of the recess 112 is shallow, since the tensioning portion 210 will expand and deform to a certain extent, it may cause the tensioning portion 210 and the wall surface of the recess 112 to abut, thereby transmitting pressure to the cycloid wheel 310, causing uneven deformation of the outer wall surface of the cycloid wheel 310, resulting in reduced processing accuracy of the outer tooth portion of the cycloid wheel 310. To this end, by setting H to be greater than or equal to 0.01 mm to avoid the tensioning portion 210 and the recess 112 from abutting each other, it is possible to ensure that the tensioning portion 210 and the recess 112 are spaced apart to ensure the uniformity of the undulation of the outer wall surface when the cycloidal wheel 310 is clamped, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the cycloidal wheel 310.

[0058] Continue to refer to Figure 5As shown, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the through hole 120 is a special-shaped hole 311, and the special-shaped hole 311 is used for the support column 342 of the planetary carrier 340 to pass through. It is understandable that since two cycloid wheels 310 are generally provided in the RV reducer 300, the cycloid wheels 310 will swing back and forth under the drive of the crankshaft 320. A single cycloid wheel 310 will cause the RV reducer 300 to run unsteadily, so two cycloid wheels 310 need to be provided. The phase difference between the two cycloid wheels 310 is 180 degrees, which helps to offset the radial runout of the cycloid wheel 310 during movement, thereby significantly improving the stability of the RV reducer 300. In order to ensure that the two cycloid wheels 310 have a specific phase difference, a plurality of special-shaped holes 311 are provided on the cycloid wheels 310. The plurality of special-shaped holes 311 cooperate with the support columns 342 of the planetary carrier 340. One of the cycloid wheels 310 is rotated 180 degrees relative to the other cycloid wheel 310 and then cooperates with the support part 240, thereby ensuring that a phase difference of 180 degrees is maintained between the two cycloid wheels 310.

[0059] Continue to refer to Figure 5 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the cycloid wheel 310 is further provided with a crankshaft hole 312, and the crankshaft hole 312 is used to cooperate with the crankshaft 320, and can drive the cycloid wheel 310 to swing when the crankshaft 320 rotates. The crankshaft hole 312 is provided between at least some adjacent special-shaped holes 311. For example, there may be a crankshaft hole 312 between every two adjacent special-shaped holes 311; or there may be a crankshaft hole 312 between every other special-shaped hole 311 and the next adjacent special-shaped hole 311. Along the circumference of the center hole 110, the area where the maximum central angle of each crankshaft hole 312 corresponding to the center of the center hole 110 is located is the second area 140. Along the circumference of the center hole 110, a recess 112 is provided in the second area 140, and the two ends of the recess 112 are respectively located outside the second area. For example Figure 5 As shown in FIG, two ends of the recess 112 along the circumferential direction are respectively a first end 1121 and a second end 1122 , and the first end 1121 and the second end 1122 are located outside the second region 140 .

[0060] It should be noted that the distance between the crankshaft hole 312 and the center hole 110, as well as the opening area of ​​the crankshaft hole 312, will affect the transmission of force. The farther the distance between the crankshaft hole 312 and the center hole 110, the greater the impact on the amplitude of the protrusion of the outer wall of the cycloid wheel 310 when the hole wall of the center hole 110 corresponding to the crankshaft hole 312 abuts against the fixture. The smaller the opening area of ​​the crankshaft hole 312, the greater the impact on the amplitude of the protrusion of the outer wall of the cycloid wheel 310 when the hole wall of the center hole 110 corresponding to the crankshaft hole 312 abuts against the fixture. The same applies to other holes, and the reasons will not be repeated later.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, along the radial direction of the center hole 110, the minimum distance between the special-shaped hole 311 and the center hole 110 is smaller than the minimum distance between the crankshaft hole 312 and the center hole 110; and on the projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the center hole 110, the opening area of ​​the special-shaped hole 311 is smaller than the opening area of ​​the crankshaft hole 312. Therefore, since the crankshaft hole 312 of this embodiment is farther away from the center hole 110, if the tensioning portion 210 abuts against the hole wall of the center hole 110 corresponding to the crankshaft hole 312, it is easy to cause the pressure of the clamp 200 to be transmitted to the outer wall of the cycloid wheel 310. Therefore, the hole wall of the center hole 110 corresponding to the crankshaft hole 312 is also provided with a recess 112, so as to ensure the uniformity of the undulation of the outer wall when the cycloid wheel 310 is clamped.

[0062] It should be noted that, depending on the size of the crankshaft hole 312 and the distance from the center hole 110, the hole wall of the center hole 110 corresponding to the crankshaft hole 312 can also be set as a recess 112. The structure of the center hole 110 is designed based on whether it will cause a large degree of uneven deformation of the outer wall of the cycloid wheel 310.

[0063] Continue to refer to Figure 5 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, there are six special-shaped holes 311, with two special-shaped holes 311 forming a group, for a total of three groups of special-shaped holes 311. These three groups of special-shaped holes 311 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole 110. There are three crankshaft holes 312, with one crankshaft hole 312 between each group of special-shaped holes 311. The crankshaft holes 312 are also evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole 110. It is understood that by adopting the above-mentioned solution, the uniform distribution of the protrusions 111 and recesses 112 can be ensured. For example, on a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the center hole 110, the center hole 110 has a symmetrical structure. Therefore, when the tensioning portion 210 clamps the cycloid wheel 310, uneven force on the cycloid wheel 310 is reduced. It should be noted that the number of the special-shaped holes 311 and the crankshaft holes 312 can also be other numbers, for example, the number of the special-shaped holes 311 is two, three, four, or five, and the number of the crankshaft holes 312 is two, four, or five, etc. The appropriate solution can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0064] Reference Figure 6As shown, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the cycloidal wheel 310 of this embodiment is similar to the structure of the cycloidal wheel 310 of the above embodiment, the difference is that the through hole 120 of the cycloidal wheel 310 of this embodiment is a crankshaft hole 312 for the crankshaft 320 to pass through, and a special-shaped hole 311 is provided between adjacent crankshaft holes 312, and the crankshaft hole 312 is closer to the center hole 110 than the special-shaped hole 311. For example, there are three crankshaft holes 312 and three special-shaped holes 311, and the three crankshaft holes 312 and the three special-shaped holes 311 are alternately and evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole 110. Of course, the number of crankshaft holes 312 and special-shaped holes 311 can also be two, four, etc., and the appropriate scheme can be selected according to the actual situation. Along the circumference of the center hole 110, the area where the maximum central angle between two adjacent crankshaft holes 312 corresponding to the center of the center hole 110 is located is the third area 150, as shown Figure 6 The area enclosed by the two dotted lines is the third area 150, and at least part of the structure of one of the recesses 112 is located in the corresponding third area 150. The definition of the first area 130 is similar to that of the above embodiment and is not repeated here. It should be noted that when at least part of the structure of one of the recesses 112 is located in the corresponding third area 150, the recess 112 may be completely located in the third area 150, or part of the structure of the recess 112 may be located in the third area 150, while both ends of the recess 112 protrude from the third area 150; or one end of the recess 112 may be located in the third area 150, while the other end protrudes from the third area 150.

[0065] It is understandable that since the crankshaft hole 312 is closer to the center hole 110 than the shaped hole 311, when the tensioning portion 210 abuts the hole wall of the center hole 110 corresponding to the shaped hole 311, it is also easy to transfer the pressure of the tensioning portion 210 to the outer wall surface around the shaped hole 311. In addition, the aperture of the crankshaft hole 312 is relatively large, so the protrusion 111 is provided at the hole wall of the crankshaft hole 312 corresponding to the center hole 110, and the recess 112 is provided at other locations. Under the separation of the crankshaft hole 312 and the recess 112, it is difficult for the tensioning portion 210 and the protrusion 111 to abut against each other to transfer the pressure generated by the clamp 200 to the outer wall surface of the cycloidal wheel 310. This can reduce the radial runout and pitch error of the outer teeth of the cycloidal wheel 310, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the cycloidal wheel 310, thereby extending the durability of the cycloidal wheel 310 and improving the stability of the torsional rigidity of the RV reducer.

[0066] Reference Figure 7As shown, in the third embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the cycloidal wheel 310 of this embodiment is similar to the structure of the cycloidal wheel 310 of the above-mentioned embodiment, except that the through hole 120 of the cycloidal wheel 310 of this embodiment is a first mounting hole 313 for the support column 342 of the planetary carrier 340 to pass through, and the first mounting hole 313 is a circular hole. The three first mounting holes 313 arranged in sequence along the circumference of the center hole 110 constitute a hole group 314, and the hole groups 314 are provided with two groups at intervals. A crankshaft hole 312 is provided between the two ends of adjacent hole groups 314, that is, there are two crankshaft holes 312, and the first mounting hole 313 is closer to the center hole 110 than the crankshaft hole 312. Along the circumference of the center hole 110, the area where the maximum central angle between adjacent hole groups 314 corresponding to the center of the center hole 110 is located is the fourth area 160, as shown Figure 7 The area enclosed by the two dotted lines is the fourth region 160. At least a portion of the structure of one of the recesses 112 is located within the corresponding fourth region 160. It should be noted that the presence of a recess 112 within the fourth region 160 may mean that the recess 112 is completely located within the fourth region 160; it may also mean that the recess 112 is partially located within the fourth region 160, with both ends of the recess 112 protruding from the fourth region 160; or it may mean that one end of the recess 112 is located within the fourth region 160, with the other end of the recess 112 protruding from the fourth region 160.

[0067] It is understood that because the first mounting hole 313 is closer to the center hole 110 than the crankshaft hole 312, when the tensioning portion 210 abuts the wall of the center hole 110 corresponding to the crankshaft hole 312, the pressure of the tensioning portion 210 is easily transmitted to the outer wall surface surrounding the crankshaft hole 312. Furthermore, the first mounting hole 313 has a relatively large diameter, so a protrusion 111 is provided at the wall of the first mounting hole 313 corresponding to the center hole 110, and a recess 112 is provided at other locations. Simply put, a recess 112 is provided on the wall of the center hole 110 corresponding to each of adjacent first mounting holes 313. Under the partition of the first mounting hole 313 and the recess 112, it is difficult to transmit the pressure generated by the clamp 200 to the outer wall surface of the cycloid wheel 310 when the tensioning part 210 and the protrusion 111 abut against each other, which can reduce the radial runout and pitch error of the outer teeth of the cycloid wheel 310, so as to improve the processing accuracy of the cycloid wheel 310, thereby extending the durability of the cycloid wheel 310 and improving the stability of the torsional rigidity of the RV reducer.

[0068] Reference Figure 8As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece 100 is a flange 350, and the bearing portion is configured as an annular first outer raceway. The through hole 120 is a first mating hole 351, and a plurality of first mating holes 351 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole 110. For example, there are three first mating holes 351, and the three first mating holes 351 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole 110. Of course, the first mating holes 351 can also be other numbers, such as two, four, etc., and the appropriate number is selected according to the actual situation. Among them, the first mating hole 351 is used to cooperate with the crankshaft 320 of the RV reducer 300, and one end of the crankshaft 320 is provided with a bearing, and the bearing is embedded in the first mating hole 351 to ensure that the crankshaft 320 can rotate smoothly. Since the first mating holes 351 are evenly spaced, it is beneficial to evenly arrange the protrusions 111 and the recesses 112. Therefore, when the tensioning portion 210 clamps the flange 350 , uneven force on the flange 350 can be reduced, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the first outer raceway.

[0069] It should be noted that when the center hole 110 of the flange 350 needs to mate with other parts, the center hole 110 of the flange 350 can be turned to remove the protrusion 111, so that the center hole 110 of the flange 350 is configured as a complete arc surface. If the protrusion 111 and the recess 112 do not affect the mating effect of the flange 350 and other parts, the protrusion 111 and the recess 112 can also be retained.

[0070] Reference Figure 9 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece 100 is a planetary carrier 340, and the bearing portion is configured as an annular second outer raceway. The through-hole 120 is a second mating hole 341, and multiple second mating holes 341 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole 110. For example, there are three second mating holes 341, and the three second mating holes 341 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole 110. Of course, the number of second mating holes 341 can also be other numbers, such as two or four, and the appropriate number is selected according to the actual situation. The second mating holes 341 are used to mate with the crankshaft 320 of the RV reducer 300. For example, the crankshaft 320 is inserted into the second mating hole 341 to ensure smooth rotation of the crankshaft 320. The evenly spaced second mating holes 341 facilitate the uniform arrangement of the protrusions 111 and the recesses 112. Therefore, when the tensioning portion 210 clamps the planetary carrier 340, it can reduce the uneven force on the planetary carrier 340, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the second outer raceway.

[0071] It should be noted that when the center hole 110 of the planet carrier 340 needs to mate with other parts, the center hole 110 of the planet carrier 340 can be turned to remove the protrusion 111, so that the center hole 110 of the planet carrier 340 is configured as a complete circular arc surface. If the protrusion 111 and the recess 112 do not affect the mating effect of the planet carrier 340 and other parts, the protrusion 111 and the recess 112 can also be retained.

[0072] Reference Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, on a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the center hole 110, the center hole 110 is a symmetrical structure. It should be noted that the convex portion 111 and the concave portion 112 belong to the structure of the center hole 110. It can be understood that the convex portion 111 is the main force-bearing part of the workpiece 100. In order to ensure the uniformity of the force on the workpiece 100, the center hole 110 is designed to be a symmetrical structure. By reasonably designing the position of the convex portion 111, for example, multiple convex portions 111 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole 110, or every two or three convex portions 111 are a group, and each group of convex portions 111 is evenly spaced, it can be ensured that when the fixture 200 clamps the workpiece 100, the workpiece 100 is subjected to uniform force, and the processing accuracy of the workpiece 100 can be improved.

[0073] For some workpieces 100 that need to have their inner wall surfaces machined, such as the inner teeth of a rigid wheel 400, or the inner teeth or inner raceway of a pinion housing 330, a fixture 200 is required to clamp the outer wall of the workpiece 100. The workpiece 100 is provided with a center hole 110 and a plurality of through holes 120 arranged around the center hole 110. When the fixture 200 clamps the workpiece 100, pressure is transferred to the hole wall of the center hole 110, causing the hole wall of the center hole 110 to undergo a certain degree of elastic deformation. Due to the partitioning effect of the through holes 120, the pressure generated by the fixture 200 is difficult to be transferred to the hole wall of the center hole 110 corresponding to the through holes 120, thereby causing uneven elastic deformation of the hole wall of the center hole 110. After the inner teeth are machined on the hole wall of the center hole 110 and the fixture 200 is removed, the hole wall of the center hole 110 will rebound to a certain extent, thereby increasing the radial runout and pitch error of the inner teeth.

[0074] In order to improve the machining accuracy of the workpiece 100, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 10As shown, the workpiece 100 of another embodiment of the present invention can be a pinion housing 330 used in an RV reducer 300; or a rigid wheel 400 used in a harmonic reducer. In the embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece 100 is configured to be clamped by the annular tensioning portion 210 of the clamp 200, and the annular tensioning portion 210 is not shown in the schematic diagram. The workpiece 100 has a center hole 110 and a plurality of through holes 120 spaced apart around the center hole 110. Along the circumference of the center hole 110, the area where the maximum central angle of the through hole 120 corresponding to the center of the center hole 110 is located is the fifth area 420. The outer wall surface of the workpiece 100 is provided with a convex portion 111 in the fifth area 420, and a concave portion 112 is formed between two adjacent convex portions 111. When the fixture 200 clamps the workpiece 100, the tensioning portion 210 is sleeved onto the outer wall of the workpiece 100, with the inner wall of the tensioning portion 210 abutting against the convex portion 111, and the inner wall of the tensioning portion 210 spaced from the concave portion 112. It should be noted that the inner wall of the annular tensioning portion 210 can expand to clamp the outer wall of the workpiece 100, thereby facilitating machining of the wall of the center hole 110 of the workpiece 100.

[0075] It can be understood that by adopting the above-mentioned scheme, since the protrusion 111 is located at the fifth area 420 of the center hole 110, under the partition of the through hole 120, it is difficult to transmit the pressure generated by the clamp 200 to the outer wall surface of the workpiece 100 when the tensioning portion 210 and the protrusion 111 abut against each other; and when the tensioning portion 210 and the recess 112 are arranged at intervals, it is possible to avoid the pressure generated by the clamp 200 from being transmitted to the workpiece 100 through the recess 112, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the undulation of the inner wall surface when the workpiece 100 is clamped, and reducing the processing error of the workpiece 100 to improve the processing accuracy of the workpiece 100, thereby extending the durability of the workpiece 100.

[0076] Reference Figure 10As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece 100 is a rigid wheel 400, and the through-hole 120 is a second mounting hole 410. The second mounting hole 410 is used to pass fasteners such as screws and bolts through the workpiece to mount the rigid wheel 400 on a robot or other device; alternatively, the second mounting hole 410 is used to position the rigid wheel 400 with a structure such as a pin. The rigid wheel 400 is a harmonic reducer, which also includes a flexspline and a wave generator. The wave generator is embedded in the flexspline, and the outer teeth of the flexspline mesh with the inner teeth of the rigid wheel 400. The rotation of the wave generator drives the flexspline and the rigid wheel 400 to move relative to each other. Therefore, the internal teeth of the rigid wheel 400 need to be machined. During machining, the outer wall of the rigid wheel 400 must be clamped by a fixture 200. Because the rigid wheel 400 is provided with multiple second mounting holes 410, when the fixture 200 clamps the rigid wheel 400, uneven elastic deformation may occur at the center hole 110 of the rigid wheel 400. Therefore, by providing protrusions 111 at corresponding positions of the first mounting hole 313 and recesses 112 between adjacent protrusions 111, the uniformity of the inner wall surface undulation when the workpiece 100 is clamped can be improved, the machining accuracy of the rigid wheel 400 can be improved, and the smooth operation of the harmonic reducer can be enhanced. It should be noted that when the outer wall of the rigid wheel 400 needs to be mated with other parts, the outer wall of the rigid wheel 400 can be turned to remove the protrusions 111, so that the outer wall surface of the rigid wheel 400 is constructed as a complete circular arc surface. When the protrusions 111 and recesses 112 do not affect the mating effect of the rigid wheel 400 and other parts, the protrusions 111 and recesses 112 can also be retained.

[0077] Continue to refer to Figure 10 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of second mounting holes 410 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the rigid wheel 400, so the protrusions 111 are also evenly spaced on the outer wall of the rigid wheel 400, which can improve the uniformity of the force applied to the rigid wheel 400 when the clamp 200 clamps the rigid wheel 400, thereby avoiding deformation of the entire rigid wheel 400 and increasing processing errors.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present invention, the workpiece 100 may also be a pinion housing 330, the through hole 120 is a third mounting hole, and a plurality of third mounting holes are evenly spaced along the circumference of the pinion housing 330. The effect is similar to that when the workpiece 100 is a rigid wheel 400, and will not be repeated here.

[0079] A reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the workpiece 100 of the above embodiment. Depending on the type of part being processed, the reducer can be an RV reducer 300, a harmonic reducer, or a cycloid reducer. The reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention uses the workpiece 100 of the above embodiment. By providing a convex portion 111 and a concave portion 112 on the hole wall corresponding to the center hole 110 of the workpiece 100, when the fixture 200 clamps the workpiece 100, the tensioning portion 210 is passed through the center hole 110, and the side wall of the tensioning portion 210 abuts against the convex portion 111, thereby limiting the position of the workpiece 100. Since the convex portion 111 is located in the first area 130 of the center hole 110, it is difficult to transmit the pressure generated by the clamp 200 to the outer wall surface of the workpiece 100 when the tensioning portion 210 and the convex portion 111 are in contact with each other due to the isolation of the through hole 120; and when the tensioning portion 210 and the concave portion 112 are arranged at intervals, it can also prevent the pressure generated by the clamp 200 from being transmitted to the workpiece 100 through the concave portion 112, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the undulation of the outer wall surface when the cycloid wheel 310 is clamped, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece 100.

[0080] Since the reducer adopts all the technical solutions of the workpiece 100 of the above embodiment, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.

[0081] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A workpiece, characterized in that The outer peripheral wall of the workpiece is a bearing portion, and the workpiece has a center hole and a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals around the center hole. Along the circumference of the center hole, the area where the maximum central angle of each through hole corresponding to the center of the center hole is located is the first area, and the hole wall of the center hole is provided with a convex portion within the first area, and a concave portion is formed between two adjacent convex portions.

2. The workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: Along the radial direction of the central hole, the maximum depth of the recess is H, satisfying H≥0.01 mm.

3. The workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: The workpiece is a cycloid wheel, the through hole is a special-shaped hole for the support column of the planetary carrier to pass through, and the bearing portion is configured as an annular external tooth portion.

4. The workpiece according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cycloid wheel is also provided with a plurality of crankshaft holes for the crankshaft to pass through, and the crankshaft holes are located between at least partially adjacent special-shaped holes. Along the circumference of the center hole, the area where the maximum central angle of each crankshaft hole corresponding to the center of the center hole is located is the second area, and one of the recesses is provided in the second area along the circumference of the center hole, and both ends of the recess are located outside the second area.

5. The workpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that: Along the radial direction of the center hole, the minimum distance between the special-shaped hole and the center hole is smaller than the minimum distance between the crankshaft hole and the center hole; and / or, On a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the central hole, the opening area of ​​the crankshaft hole is smaller than the opening area of ​​the special-shaped hole.

6. The workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: The workpiece is a cycloidal wheel, the bearing portion is configured as an annular external tooth portion, the through hole is a crankshaft hole for the crankshaft to pass through, and special-shaped holes are provided between adjacent crankshaft holes. Along the circumference of the center hole, the area where the maximum central angle of the center hole between each two adjacent crankshaft holes is located is the third area, and at least part of the structure of one of the recesses is located within a corresponding third area.

7. The workpiece according to claim 6, characterized in that: Along the radial direction of the center hole, the minimum distance between the crankshaft hole and the center hole is smaller than the minimum distance between the special-shaped hole and the center hole; and / or, On a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the central hole, an opening area of ​​the special-shaped hole is smaller than an opening area of ​​the crankshaft hole.

8. The workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: The workpiece is a cycloidal wheel, the bearing portion is configured as an annular external tooth portion, the through hole is a first mounting hole for the support column of the planetary carrier to pass through, and three first mounting holes arranged in sequence along the circumference of the center hole constitute a hole group, and two groups of hole groups are arranged at intervals, and crankshaft holes are provided between adjacent hole groups. Along the circumference of the center hole, the area where the maximum central angle of the center of the center hole between adjacent hole groups is located is the fourth area, and at least part of the structure of one of the recesses is located within a corresponding fourth area.

9. The workpiece according to claim 8, characterized in that: Along the radial direction of the center hole, the minimum distance between the first mounting hole and the center hole is smaller than the minimum distance between the crankshaft hole and the center hole; and / or, On a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the central hole, an opening area of ​​the crankshaft hole is smaller than an opening area of ​​the first mounting hole.

10. The workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: The workpiece is a flange, the bearing portion is configured as an annular first outer raceway, the through hole is a first matching hole, and a plurality of the first matching holes are evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole; or, The workpiece is a planetary carrier, the bearing portion is configured as an annular second outer raceway, the through hole is a second matching hole for the crankshaft to pass through, and a plurality of the second matching holes are evenly spaced along the circumference of the center hole.

11. The workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: On a projection plane perpendicular to the axis of the central hole, the central hole has a symmetrical structure.

12. A workpiece, characterized in that The workpiece has a center hole and a plurality of through holes spaced apart around the center hole. The hole wall of the center hole is a bearing portion. Along the circumference of the center hole, the area where the maximum central angle of the through hole corresponding to the center of the center hole is located is the fifth area. The outer wall surface of the workpiece is provided with a convex portion within the fifth area, and a concave portion is formed between two adjacent convex portions.

13. The workpiece according to claim 12, characterized in that: The workpiece is a rigid wheel, the bearing portion is configured as an annular inner tooth portion, and the through hole is a second mounting hole for a fastener to pass through.

14. Reducer, characterized in that: Comprising a workpiece as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13.

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