Heat exchange structure of horizontal garbage incinerator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a heat exchange structure of a horizontal garbage incinerator, which belongs to the technical field of horizontal garbage incinerators and comprises an inlet flue, a heat exchange device and an outlet flue, and smoke generated by garbage incineration sequentially passes through the inlet flue, the heat exchange device and the outlet flue and is finally discharged out of the incinerator. The heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange assembly and a flow guide assembly, and the flow guide assembly is used for optimizing the flow speed and the flow direction of flue gas so that the flue gas can make full contact with the heat exchange assembly. And an ash hopper is arranged below the heat exchange device. The heat exchange structure of the horizontal garbage incinerator can effectively solve the problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that the structure of the flue and the heat exchange tube panel affects the flowing path of smoke, part of the smoke forms a vortex or a low-speed area in the flowing process, the flowing speed of the smoke is reduced, and then the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube panel is affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of horizontal garbage incinerators, and specifically relates to a heat exchange structure of a horizontal garbage incinerator. Background Art

[0002] In the existing horizontal waste incinerator design, horizontally grouped and suspended heat exchange tube panels of similar height are usually used as the main heat exchange elements in the horizontal flue, and ash hoppers and baffles are arranged below to collect and process the ash generated during the incineration process. However, this traditional design has exposed several problems in actual application, mainly reflected in the following aspects: The shape of the flue and the heat exchange tube panel does not match: Due to the lack of precise matching between the cross-sectional shape of the flue and the layout of the heat exchange tube panel, a large gap space exists between the two. This mismatch not only affects the flow path of the flue gas, but also causes part of the flue gas to form vortices or low-speed areas during the flow process, reducing the flue gas flow rate, thereby affecting the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube panel; The flue gas flow rate is extremely low: Due to the diffusion changes in the flue cross-section and the unreasonable layout of the heat exchange tube panel, the flow rate of the flue gas when passing through the heat exchange tube panel is often extremely low. The low-flow flue gas cannot fully flush the surface of the tube panel, resulting in low heat transfer efficiency. It is necessary to increase the number or area of ​​the heat exchange tube panel to compensate for this defect, thereby increasing the use of metal consumables; low heat transfer capacity and high material cost: Due to the existence of the above problems, the existing horizontal waste incinerator performs poorly in heat exchange efficiency. In order to achieve the expected heat recovery effect, more heat exchange tube panel materials have to be used, which undoubtedly increases the manufacturing cost and operating cost of the equipment. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings by providing a heat exchange structure for a horizontal waste incinerator, so as to solve the problems in the prior art where the structure of the flue and heat exchange tube panels affects the flow path of the flue gas, and also causes some flue gas to form eddies or low-speed areas during the flow process, reducing the flue gas flow rate and thus affecting the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange tube panels. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0004] A heat exchange structure of a horizontal waste incinerator includes an inlet flue, a heat exchange device and an outlet flue. The flue gas generated by waste incineration passes through the inlet flue, the heat exchange device and the outlet flue in sequence and is finally discharged out of the incinerator; the heat exchange device includes a heat exchange component and a guide component, and the guide component is used to optimize the flow velocity and flow direction of the flue gas so that it is in full contact with the heat exchange component; an ash hopper is provided below the heat exchange device.

[0005] The ash hopper is in an inverted conical structure; the flow guide component is arranged at the upper opening position of the ash hopper.

[0006] The heat exchange assembly includes a plurality of heat exchange tube panels; the plurality of heat exchange tube panels are arranged in a horizontal hanging manner, and the distance between two adjacent heat exchange tube panels is the same.

[0007] The guide assembly includes a plurality of guide blades; the guide blades can rotate independently and are evenly spaced and arranged at the upper opening of the ash hopper.

[0008] When several guide vanes rotate to horizontal position, they can cover the upper opening of the ash hopper.

[0009] The guide blade is provided with a rotation regulator for adjusting the rotation angle of the guide blade.

[0010] The heat exchange device further comprises a plurality of soot blowers, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the heat exchange device close to the inlet flue and the outlet flue.

[0011] The inlet flue is arranged horizontally.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] The utility model discloses a heat exchange structure for a horizontal waste incinerator, which is equipped with multiple evenly spaced heat exchange tube panels to exchange heat with high-temperature flue gas. The multiple heat exchange tube panels are arranged at equal intervals to ensure that each heat exchange tube panel effectively contacts the high-temperature flue gas, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. Guide vanes are provided below the heat exchange tube panels to optimize the flue gas flow field and effectively increase the flue gas flow rate that flushes the heat exchange tube panels, thereby enhancing the heat exchange capacity between the panels. A soot blower is also provided to regularly blow soot from the heat exchange tube panels, effectively improving the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchange tube panels and extending their service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vortex structure formed without the guide vanes in the present invention;

[0016] In the attached figure: 1. Inlet flue; 2. Outlet flue; 3. Ash hopper; 4. Heat exchange tube panel; 5. Guide vane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition or explanation in subsequent figures. In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating positions or relationships, are based on the positions or relationships shown in the figures, or the positions or relationships in which the utility model product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely for ease of description and simplification of the description of the utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather may be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply refers to a direction that is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not imply that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather may be slightly tilted. It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] Example:

[0020] See attached Figures 1-2. This embodiment provides a heat exchange structure for a horizontal waste incinerator, which includes an inlet flue 1 and an outlet flue 2. A heat exchange device is provided between the inlet flue 1 and the outlet flue 2. The high-temperature flue gas flowing into the inlet flue 1 is cooled by the heat exchange device. At the same time, a large amount of dust and impurities are mixed in the flue gas generated by the waste incinerator. The heat exchange device plays a role in filtering the smoke to a certain extent. Finally, the heat-recovered and filtered flue gas flows through the outlet flue 2 to the next step for subsequent treatment. The arrows in the accompanying drawings are all directions of smoke flow. The heat exchange device of the utility model is a plurality of horizontally suspended heat exchange tube panels 4. A filter is provided on each heat exchange tube panel 4 to filter the smoke, and an ash hopper 3 is provided directly below the heat exchange tube panel 4 to collect the smoke. The intervals between two adjacent heat exchange tube panels 4 are arranged in the same manner, which can ensure that the high-temperature flue gas effectively contacts the middle heat exchange tube panel 4 and increase the contact time, thereby improving the overall heat exchange efficiency.

[0021] The inlet flue 1 is set horizontally to ensure that the high-temperature flue gas flowing in from the inlet flue 1 can vertically contact the heat exchange tube panel 4 at a certain speed and effectively contact each heat exchange tube panel 4. There is a certain difference between the height of the heat exchange tube panel 4 and the height of the inlet flue 1 to ensure that the flue gas can flow smoothly. As a result, the flue gas near the bottom cannot effectively contact the heat exchange tube panel 4 when flowing under the heat exchange tube panel 4, and the ash hopper 3 structure below the heat exchange tube panel 4 will cause the flue gas to form a vortex, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown, the arrows indicate the direction of flue gas flow, thereby slowing down the flue gas and further reducing the heat transfer capacity of the heat exchange tube panel 4. The present invention evenly arranges multiple guide vanes 5 at the opening of the ash hopper 3, directly below the heat exchange tube panel 4. Guide vanes 5 are designed with a large pitch to optimize the flue gas flow field passing through this area, ensuring that its velocity is not significantly reduced and that it effectively contacts the heat exchange tube panel 4 to complete heat transfer.

[0022] The guide vanes 5 are equipped with a rotational adjuster, preferably an automatic adjuster. This is achieved through the coordination of a small motor and bearing structure, along with control by a controller. This utilizes existing technology to precisely control the angle of the guide vanes 5. The optimal angle is adjusted based on factors such as the flue gas flow rate, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube panels 4 and preventing heat loss. The adjustable angle of the guide vanes 5 ensures that dust from the heat exchange tube panels 4 falls smoothly into the ash hopper 3. By adjusting the angle of each guide vane 5 to a vertical position, the soot blower is activated to blow dust from the heat exchange tube panels 4, collecting the dust in the ash hopper 3.

[0023] To further extend the service life of the heat exchange tube panel 4, soot blowers are evenly arranged on both sides of the heat exchange tube panel 4 near the inlet flue 1 and the outlet flue 2, and the soot blowers can adjust the soot blowing angle. The soot blower near the lower end can also blow soot on the guide vanes 5.

[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchange structure of a horizontal waste incinerator, characterized by: The invention comprises an inlet flue (1), a heat exchange device and an outlet flue (2); the flue gas generated by the garbage incineration passes through the inlet flue (1), the heat exchange device and the outlet flue (2) in sequence and is finally discharged out of the incinerator; the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchange component and a flow guide component; the flow guide component is used to optimize the flow velocity and flow direction of the flue gas so that the flue gas is in full contact with the heat exchange component; an ash hopper (3) is provided below the heat exchange device.

2. The heat exchange structure of a horizontal waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash hopper (3) is in an inverted conical structure; the flow guide component is arranged at the upper opening position of the ash hopper (3).

3. The heat exchange structure of a horizontal waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly comprises a plurality of heat exchange tube panels (4); the plurality of heat exchange tube panels (4) are arranged in a horizontally suspended manner, and the spacing between two adjacent heat exchange tube panels (4) is the same.

4. The heat exchange structure of a horizontal waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide assembly comprises a plurality of guide blades (5); the plurality of guide blades (5) can rotate independently and are evenly spaced and arranged at the upper opening of the ash hopper (3).

5. The heat exchange structure of a horizontal waste incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the plurality of guide blades (5) are rotated to a horizontal position, they can cover the upper end opening of the ash hopper (3).

6. The heat exchange structure of a horizontal waste incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide blade (5) is provided with a rotation regulator for adjusting the rotation angle of the guide blade (5).

7. The heat exchange structure of a horizontal waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange device further comprises a plurality of soot blowers, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the heat exchange device close to the inlet flue (1) and the outlet flue (2).

8. The heat exchange structure of a horizontal waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet flue (1) is arranged horizontally.

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