Multi-element organic waste pretreatment machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-element organic waste pretreatment machine, which relates to the technical field of organic waste pretreatment, and comprises a screening unit, a crushing unit and a mixing unit, the discharge end of the screening unit is connected with the feed end of the crushing unit, and the discharge end of the crushing unit is communicated with the inlet end of the mixing unit through a fan; and a liquid spraying unit is mounted above the mixing unit. According to the multi-element organic waste pretreatment machine disclosed by the utility model, large-particle impurities and plastic products in organic wastes such as crop wastes and livestock and poultry manure can be pre-screened by the screening unit, so that the crushing unit is prevented from being damaged by impurities such as sandstones, frozen soil and plastic films and subsequent rotating parts are prevented from being wound by the impurities; the crushing motor can further crush the organic waste first and then crush the organic waste, the physical form and crystal structure of the organic waste can be broken, the fermentation reaction is facilitated, the mixing unit can mix the microbial inoculum with the crushed organic waste, and the microbial decomposition and utilization difficulty is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of organic waste pretreatment, in particular to a multi-element organic waste pretreatment machine. Background Art

[0002] The deteriorating environment and the extreme shortage of energy have created a broad space for the development of biogas projects that use anaerobic fermentation of organic waste as a means to produce clean energy. At present, the main fermentation raw materials have been transformed from agricultural waste to a mixed raw material of organic waste such as crop waste, livestock and poultry manure, restaurant kitchen waste and digested sludge.

[0003] Mixed fermentation of multiple organic wastes can balance the nutritional status of the fermentation system, optimize the rheological properties of the fermentation system, dilute certain toxic factors that may endanger the stability of the fermentation system during the fermentation of a single material, and at the same time increase the processing capacity of organic waste and the anaerobic fermentation gas production rate, thereby improving the economic efficiency of the biogas project.

[0004] Organic waste requires pretreatment before entering the anaerobic digestion process. In practice, the large amount of sand, gravel, and impurities in organic waste often cause wear, entanglement, and blockage of equipment and pipelines, and can even render the entire system inoperable, affecting operational stability and safety. Furthermore, frequent equipment replacement and maintenance significantly increases operating costs, reducing economic benefits.

[0005] How to develop a multi-element organic waste pretreatment machine that can effectively screen impurities such as sand, gravel, frozen soil and plastic film in organic waste, and at the same time use one or several combinations of functional microbial preparations and / or other treatment agents to destroy the crystal structure of organic waste, thereby improving the gas production rate and anaerobic digestion reaction efficiency of organic waste, has become a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-component organic waste pre-processor to solve the problems listed in the background technology.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The utility model discloses a multi-organic waste pretreatment machine, which comprises a screening unit, a crushing unit and a mixing unit. The discharge end of the screening unit is connected to the feed end of the crushing unit, the discharge end of the crushing unit is connected to the inlet end of the mixing unit through a fan, and a liquid spraying unit is installed above the mixing unit.

[0009] Preferably, the screening unit includes a material guide trough, a feeding motor, a collecting hopper and a screening crawler. The collecting hopper is installed at the lower end of the material guide trough, the feeding motor is installed on the outer side wall of the material guide trough, the screening crawler is installed on the inner side wall of the material guide trough, and an electromagnet is installed on the bottom inner wall of the material guide trough. The working end of the feeding motor is fixedly connected to the driving end of the screening crawler.

[0010] Preferably, a feeding rod is installed on the screening crawler.

[0011] Preferably, the crushing unit includes a crushing bin, a crushing roller group and a crushing cutter shaft, the crushing roller group and the crushing cutter shaft are installed on the inner wall of the crushing bin in sequence from top to bottom, and a gear box is installed on the outer wall of the crushing bin, the output end of the gear box is fixedly connected to the crushing roller group and the crushing cutter shaft respectively; the input end of the gear box is fixedly connected to the output end of the crushing motor.

[0012] Preferably, it further comprises a storage bin body, wherein the upper opening of the storage bin body is fixedly connected to the lower opening of the crushing bin body, and a filter is installed at the connection between the storage bin body and the crushing bin body.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom side wall of the pulverizing bin is connected to the air inlet of the fan via a reducing interface, and the reducing interface is arranged to be inclined upward.

[0014] Preferably, the mixing unit includes a mixing bin and a stirring rod, the stirring rod is installed inside the mixing bin, an auger is installed on the outer circumference of the stirring rod, a mixing motor is installed on the outer circumference of the mixing bin, and the working end of the mixing motor is fixedly connected to the stirring rod.

[0015] Preferably, a liquid spray port is provided at the upper end of the mixing bin body, and a material discharge port is provided at the lower end of the mixing bin body.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid spraying unit includes a liquid storage barrel and a liquid spraying pipe fitting, a pump is installed inside the liquid storage barrel, the pump is connected to the liquid spraying pipe fitting through a pipeline, and the liquid spraying pipe fitting is installed at the upper end opening of the mixing bin body.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The utility model provides a multi-element organic waste pretreatment machine. The screening unit can pre-screen out large particles of impurities and plastic products in the organic waste, reducing impurities such as sand, gravel, frozen soil and plastic film in the organic waste, avoiding damage to the crushing unit and entanglement of subsequent rotating parts. The crushing cutter shaft can further crush the organic waste first and then crush it, which is beneficial to breaking the physical form and crystal structure of the organic waste and facilitating fermentation reaction. The mixing unit can mix the bacterial agent with the crushed organic waste, reducing the difficulty of microbial decomposition and utilization. The organic waste is pretreated by one or a combination of functional microbial preparations and / or other treatment agents, which is beneficial to accelerating the biogas production rate and biogas production of the organic waste in the subsequent reaction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a multi-organic waste pretreatment machine of the present invention (first perspective);

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a multi-element organic waste pre-processing machine of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of a multi-element organic waste pre-processing machine of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of a multi-element organic waste pre-processing machine of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a multi-organic waste pre-treatment machine of the present invention (second viewing angle);

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the kiln crushing roller group and the crushing cutter shaft of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the feeding rod and screening crawler of the utility model.

[0027] Description of the drawings: 1. Material guide chute; 2. Feeding motor; 3. Collecting hopper; 4. Feeding rod; 5. Screening track; 6. Crushing bin; 7. Crushing roller group; 8. Fan; 9. Liquid storage barrel; 10. Liquid spray pipe; 11. Mixing bin; 12. Gear box; 13. Crushing motor; 14. Auger; 15. Stirring rod; 16. Variable diameter interface; 17. Storage bin; 18. Mixing motor; 19. Discharge port; 20. Crushing blade shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1-7 As shown, a multi-organic waste pretreater includes a screening unit, a crushing unit and a mixing unit. The discharge end of the screening unit is connected to the feed end of the crushing unit, and the discharge end of the crushing unit is connected to the inlet end of the mixing unit through a fan 8. A spray unit is installed above the mixing unit. The screening unit can screen out large particles of impurities and plastic products in the organic waste, reducing impurities such as sand, gravel, frozen soil and plastic film in the organic waste, avoiding damage to the crushing unit and entanglement with subsequent rotating parts. The crushing motor can further crush the organic waste first and then crush it, which is beneficial to breaking the physical form and crystal structure of the organic waste and facilitating the fermentation reaction. The mixing unit can mix the bacterial agent with the crushed organic waste, reducing the difficulty of microbial decomposition and utilization, and accelerating the anaerobic fermentation process of the organic waste in the later stage.

[0030] Specifically, the screening unit includes a guide trough 1, a feeding motor 2, a collecting hopper 3 and a screening crawler 5. The collecting hopper 3 is installed at the lower end of the guide trough 1, the feeding motor 2 is installed on the outer side wall of the guide trough 1, the screening crawler 5 is installed on the inner side wall of the guide trough 1, and an electromagnet is installed on the bottom inner wall of the guide trough 1. The working end of the feeding motor 2 is fixedly connected to the driving end of the screening crawler 5;

[0031] During operation, the electromagnet is energized and works. After the organic waste is loaded into the collecting hopper, the feeding motor drives the screening crawler to run, and the organic waste is transferred to the crushing bin along the guide trough. The electromagnet can attract the iron sand in the organic waste to achieve the iron sand elimination operation. Furthermore, through holes are opened on the screening crawler to facilitate the screening of large particles in the organic waste, so as to prevent large particles from damaging the roller group and cutter disc in the crushing unit.

[0032] Specifically, a feeding rod 4 is installed on the screening crawler 5. When the screening crawler is running, the plastic film is easily wound around the feeding rod, so that the feeding rod can screen out the plastic film in the organic waste.

[0033] Specifically, the crushing unit includes a crushing bin 6, a crushing roller group 7 and a crushing cutter shaft 20. The crushing roller group 7 and the crushing cutter shaft 20 are sequentially installed on the inner wall of the crushing bin 6 from top to bottom. A gear box 12 is installed on the outer wall of the crushing bin 6. The output end of the gear box 12 is fixedly connected to the crushing roller group 7 and the crushing cutter shaft 20 respectively; the input end of the gear box 12 is fixedly connected to the output end of the crushing motor 13.

[0034] During operation, the organic waste is first crushed by the crushing roller group to crush the unscreened particles in the organic waste, preventing the unscreened particles from damaging the crushing shaft, thereby extending the service life of the crushing shaft. Furthermore, the organic waste can also be pre-crushed and crushed. After the crushing and crushing operation is completed, it is further crushed by the crushing shaft to change the physical form and internal structure of the organic waste, making it easier for microorganisms to process it. Through physical treatment, the gas production rate of the organic waste is increased.

[0035] Specifically, it also includes a storage bin 17, the upper opening of the storage bin 17 is fixedly connected to the lower opening of the crushing bin 6, and a filter is installed at the connection between the storage bin 17 and the crushing bin 6, which can filter the sand in the organic waste so that the sand is stored in the storage bin after filtering.

[0036] Specifically, the bottom side wall of the crushing bin 6 is connected to the air inlet of the fan 8 through a reducing interface 16, and the reducing interface 16 is tilted upward, so that the fan can transport the crushed organic waste. The inclined reducing interface makes it easier for the fan to separate from the sand while sucking and transporting the crushed organic waste.

[0037] Specifically, the mixing unit includes a mixing bin body 11 and a stirring rod 15. The stirring rod 15 is installed inside the mixing bin body 11. An auger 14 is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring rod 15. A mixing motor 18 is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the mixing bin body 11. The working end of the mixing motor 18 is fixedly connected to the stirring rod 15. A liquid spray port is provided at the upper end of the mixing bin body 11, and a discharge port 19 is provided at the lower end of the mixing bin body 11. The crushed organic waste is fully mixed with the liquid sprayed from the liquid spray port and is transmitted outward under the action of the auger.

[0038] Specifically, the liquid spray unit includes a liquid storage barrel 9 and a liquid spray pipe 10. A pump is installed inside the liquid storage barrel 9, and the pump is connected to the liquid spray pipe 10 through a pipeline. The liquid spray pipe 10 is installed at the upper end opening of the mixing bin 11. Furthermore, the liquid storage barrel is filled with functional microbial preparations and / or other treatment reagents. By spraying one or a combination of reagents into the mixing bin, the treatment efficiency, gas production rate and moisture content of organic waste are improved; the setting of the liquid spray unit can also suppress the powder in the organic waste blown in by the fan and reduce dust pollution; wherein, the functional microbial preparations and / or other treatment agents can remove lignin in straw and cow dung, thereby opening the crystal structure of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, releasing cellulose and hemicellulose, which is beneficial to the functional microbial preparations to hydrolyze and saccharify the cellulose raw materials, convert them into reducing sugars and accumulate them for later fermentation and conversion into biogas; further, the microbial flora reacts mildly, has low energy consumption, and causes less pollution to the environment. It can also ensure the activity of subsequent microbial action by controlling the pH value.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or seal that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or seal.

[0040] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present invention made by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-component organic waste pre-processor, characterized by: It comprises a screening unit, a crushing unit and a mixing unit, wherein the discharge end of the screening unit is connected to the feed end of the crushing unit, the discharge end of the crushing unit is connected to the inlet end of the mixing unit via a fan (8), and a liquid spraying unit is installed above the mixing unit; The screening unit comprises a guide trough (1), a feeding motor (2), a collecting hopper (3) and a screening crawler (5); the collecting hopper (3) is installed at the lower end of the guide trough (1); the feeding motor (2) is installed on the outer side wall of the guide trough (1); the screening crawler (5) is installed on the inner side wall of the guide trough (1); an electromagnet is installed on the bottom inner wall of the guide trough (1); the working end of the feeding motor (2) is fixedly connected to the driving end of the screening crawler (5); A loading rod (4) is installed on the screening crawler (5).

2. The multi-organic waste pre-processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing unit comprises a pulverizing bin (6), a crushing roller group (7) and a pulverizing blade shaft (20), wherein the crushing roller group (7) and the pulverizing blade shaft (20) are sequentially mounted on the inner side wall of the pulverizing bin (6) from top to bottom, and a gear box (12) is mounted on the outer side wall of the pulverizing bin (6), wherein the output end of the gear box (12) is fixedly connected to the crushing roller group (7) and the pulverizing blade shaft (20), respectively; and the input end of the gear box (12) is fixedly connected to the output end of the pulverizing motor (13).

3. The multi-organic waste pre-processor according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a storage bin (17), the upper opening of the storage bin (17) is fixedly connected to the lower opening of the crushing bin (6), and a filter is installed at the connection between the storage bin (17) and the crushing bin (6).

4. The multi-organic waste pre-processor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom side wall of the crushing bin (6) is connected to the air inlet of the fan (8) via a reducing interface (16), and the reducing interface (16) is arranged to be inclined upward.

5. The multi-organic waste pre-processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing unit comprises a mixing chamber (11) and a stirring rod (15), wherein the stirring rod (15) is installed inside the mixing chamber (11), an auger (14) is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the stirring rod (15), and a mixing motor (18) is installed on the outer peripheral surface of the mixing chamber (11), and a working end of the mixing motor (18) is fixedly connected to the stirring rod (15).

6. A multi-organic waste pre-processor according to claim 5, characterized in that The upper end of the mixing bin (11) is provided with a liquid spray port, and the lower end of the mixing bin (11) is provided with a discharge port (19).

7. A multi-organic waste pre-processor according to claim 6, characterized in that The liquid spraying unit comprises a liquid storage barrel (9) and a liquid spraying pipe (10). A pump is installed inside the liquid storage barrel (9). The pump is connected to the liquid spraying pipe (10) through a pipeline. The liquid spraying pipe (10) is installed at the upper end opening of the mixing chamber (11).

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