Formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system which comprises a hydrogen production box body, a cracking reaction unit, a heat exchange unit, a filtering unit, a power generation unit, a control unit and a purification unit, wherein the cracking reaction unit, the heat exchange unit, the filtering unit, the power generation unit and the control unit are arranged in the hydrogen production box body; a first layer plate, a second layer plate and a third layer plate are arranged in the hydrogen production box body; preparing formic acid into mixed gas under the action of a catalyst through the cracking reaction unit; hydrogen-rich gas is obtained through the filtering unit and purified through the purification unit to obtain high-purity hydrogen, and hydrogen supply and power generation of the power generation unit are achieved; according to the hydrogen production system, the plurality of laminates are arranged in the hydrogen production box body, and the plurality of hydrogen production working units are orderly mounted on the plurality of laminates, so that the plurality of working units of the hydrogen production system are tightly arranged in the hydrogen production box body, the whole structure of the hydrogen production system is more compact, the volume of the whole structure is reduced, and the occupied area of the hydrogen production system is reduced; the system can be used without a limited large-area scene, and is higher in portability and more convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy utilization, in particular to a formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system. Background Art

[0002] Traditional emergency backup power sources are gasoline and diesel generators, which use non-renewable fossil fuels. These generators are noisy and polluting. Hydrogen, as a high-energy-density, clean, and renewable green energy source, is widely used in power generation, transportation, and manufacturing. Research and development of hydrogen energy technology can help promote the development of sustainable energy, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and address climate change and environmental pollution.

[0003] The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system utilizes the catalytic decomposition reaction of formic acid. The hydrogen produced by formic acid production is used as the hydrogen feedstock for the fuel cell. The hydrogen is then transmitted to the fuel cell, where it reacts to generate electricity to supply the load. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system structure in the prior art utilizes formic acid cracking reaction to purify hydrogen with low purity and low energy utilization. Furthermore, due to the large number of internal unit structures, the formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system structure is large in overall size and occupies an increased floor space, which in turn limits its application scenarios and makes it inconvenient to use. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the present invention aims to solve the problems in the structure of the formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system in the prior art, namely, the low purity of hydrogen purified by formic acid cracking reaction when using formic acid to produce hydrogen, the large overall structure volume, large footprint, easily limited application scenarios, and inconvenient use, thereby providing a formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions of the present utility model are as follows:

[0006] A formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system, comprising:

[0007] The hydrogen production box has a first plate, a second plate and a third plate arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and is also provided with a formic acid inlet and a gas-liquid discharge port;

[0008] a cracking reaction unit, disposed on the first plate and connected to the formic acid inlet, wherein the cracking reaction unit is suitable for containing a catalyst;

[0009] A heat exchange unit is provided on the third plate and connected above the cracking reaction unit, wherein the heat exchange unit is adapted to heat or cool the generated mixed gas when the cracking reaction unit is working to produce hydrogen;

[0010] a filter unit, disposed on the second plate and connected to the heat exchange unit, adapted to filter and separate gaseous formic acid from the mixed gas to obtain hydrogen-rich gas;

[0011] A purification unit, located outside the hydrogen production box and connected to the filtering unit, is suitable for filtering out impurity gases in the hydrogen-rich gas to obtain hydrogen;

[0012] A power generation unit is provided on the first layer and is connected to the purification unit, wherein the hydrogen obtained in the purification unit is suitable for providing hydrogen to the power generation unit for power generation;

[0013] A control unit is arranged on the inner wall of the hydrogen production box and is located above the cracking reaction unit. The control unit is connected to the cracking reaction unit, the heat exchange unit, the filtering unit, the purification unit and the power generation unit, and is suitable for monitoring the working status and controlling the start and stop of the cracking reaction unit, the heat exchange unit, the filtering unit, the purification unit and the power generation unit.

[0014] Furthermore, an air collecting hood is provided on the top of the hydrogen production box, and an air exhaust port is provided on the air collecting hood. The formic acid liquid inlet and the gas-liquid discharge port are both provided on the bottom side wall of the hydrogen production box, and the formic acid liquid inlet is suitable for being connected to the formic acid supply structure through a liquid inlet pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the cracking reaction unit includes a formic acid supply structure and a cracking reactor connected to the formic acid supply structure; the formic acid supply structure is connected to the formic acid inlet, the cracking reactor is suitable for holding a catalyst, and the cracking reactor is provided with an injection port suitable for adding a catalyst.

[0016] Furthermore, the formic acid supply structure includes an external formic acid supply port, a breathing valve port, a formic acid supply port and a first liquid level sensor. The external formic acid supply port is connected to the formic acid inlet, and the formic acid supply port is connected to the cracking reactor.

[0017] Furthermore, the cracking reactor is also provided with a gas outlet, a window, a second liquid inlet, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid return port, a second liquid level sensor and a pressure relief port; the pressure relief port is connected to the gas-liquid discharge port, the second liquid inlet is connected to the formic acid supply port, and the second liquid level sensor is connected to the cracking reactor.

[0018] Furthermore, the heat exchange unit includes a liquid barrier arranged between the cracking reaction unit and the filtering unit, the liquid barrier is located above the cracking reactor, and the liquid barrier is provided with an air outlet port, an air inlet port connected to the air outlet of the cracking reactor, and a liquid return port connected to the liquid return port.

[0019] Furthermore, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and an air-cooled heat exchanger are sequentially arranged between the liquid resistor and the filter unit; the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet port of the liquid resistor; and the air cooling.

[0020] Furthermore, the filtration unit includes a gas-liquid separator, a gaseous formic acid filter and a water filter.

[0021] Furthermore, the purification unit includes a pressure swing adsorption purification module independently arranged in the purification box, and the pressure swing adsorption purification module is suitable for separating carbon dioxide from hydrogen-rich gas; the purification box is provided with a pure hydrogen output port connected to the pressure swing adsorption purification module.

[0022] Furthermore, the power generation unit 6 includes a fuel cell body arranged on the first layer and a thermal management module arranged on the third layer; the fuel cell body is provided with a hydrogen inlet valve seat connected to the pure hydrogen output port, and the thermal management module is suitable for controlling the temperature of the fuel cell body.

[0023] The technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system provided by the utility model uses a cracking reaction unit to make formic acid undergo a cracking reaction under the action of a catalyst, thereby producing a mixed gas; a hydrogen-rich gas is obtained by a filtration unit, and high-purity hydrogen is obtained after removing impurity gases and purifying them by a purification unit, thereby realizing the use of hydrogen to supply hydrogen to the power generation unit for power generation; by arranging multiple layers in the hydrogen production box and orderly installing multiple hydrogen production working units on the multiple layers, the multiple working units of the hydrogen production system are closely arranged in the hydrogen production box, making the overall structure of the hydrogen production system more compact, reducing the volume of the overall structure, and reducing the footprint of the hydrogen production system. It can be used without a limited large area scene, and is more portable and more convenient to use.

[0025] 2. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system provided by the present invention comprises a cracking reaction unit comprising a formic acid supply structure and a cracking reactor connected to the formic acid supply structure. The formic acid supply structure is connected to the formic acid inlet, and the cracking reactor is suitable for holding a catalyst. The cracking reactor is provided with a feed port for adding the catalyst. This arrangement facilitates a continuous supply of formic acid feedstock during the hydrogen production process, ensuring efficient hydrogen production.

[0026] 3. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system provided by the present invention comprises a formic acid supply structure comprising an external formic acid supply port, a breathing valve port, a formic acid supply port, and a first liquid level sensor. The external formic acid supply port is connected to the formic acid liquid inlet, and the formic acid supply port is connected to the cracking reactor. With this arrangement, formic acid is input into the formic acid supply structure through the external formic acid supply port; the breathing valve port can balance the pressure difference caused by the formic acid supply structure during the flow of formic acid, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the formic acid supply structure; the formic acid supply port can provide formic acid to the cracking reactor during operation; and the first liquid level sensor can monitor the liquid level of the formic acid supply structure in real time, facilitating timely response when the liquid level of the formic acid supply structure is too high or too low.

[0027] 4. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system provided by the present invention further comprises a cracking reactor equipped with an air outlet, a viewing window, a second liquid inlet, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a liquid return port, a second liquid level sensor, and a pressure relief port. The pressure relief port is connected to the gas-liquid discharge port, the second liquid inlet is connected to the formic acid supply port, and the second liquid level sensor is connected to the cracking reactor. This arrangement allows for real-time monitoring of the internal conditions of the cracking reactor during operation through the viewing window; overpressure protection is provided through the pressure relief port during operation of the cracking reactor; the operating temperature of the cracking reactor is monitored in real time through the temperature sensor; and the pressure of the cracking reactor is monitored in real time through the pressure sensor.

[0028] 5. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system provided by the present invention comprises a heat exchange unit comprising a liquid blocker disposed between the cracking reaction unit and the filtration unit, the liquid blocker being located above the cracking reactor and being provided with an air outlet port, an air inlet port connected to the air outlet of the cracking reactor, and a liquid return port connected to the liquid return port. With such a configuration, the liquid blocker can prevent the catalyst and raw materials in the cracking reactor from surging during hydrogen production, thereby preventing the catalyst from being lost and formic acid from entering the rear-end components and damaging them.

[0029] 6. In the formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system provided by the present invention, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and an air-cooled heat exchanger are sequentially disposed between the liquid blocker and the filter unit; the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected to the gas outlet port of the liquid blocker; and the air cooling is performed. With this arrangement, the reaction gas can be cooled by the shell-and-tube heat exchanger and further cooled by the air-cooled heat exchanger.

[0030] 7. The formic acid hydrogen fuel power generation system provided by the present invention comprises a filtration unit comprising a gas-liquid separator, a gaseous formic acid filter, and a water filter. This arrangement allows the gas-liquid separator to separate most of the water from the mixed gas, the gaseous formic acid filter to separate the gaseous formic acid from the mixed gas, and the water filter to further dry the mixed gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system provided by the utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a front view of the formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system provided by the utility model;

[0034] Figure 3 A side view of the formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the formic acid supply structure in the utility model;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cracking reactor in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid resistance device in the utility model.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. hydrogen production box; 11. first box; 111. gas-liquid discharge port; 112. air collecting hood; 113. formic acid inlet; 12. first layer; 13. second layer; 14. third layer; 2. cracking reaction unit; 21. formic acid supply structure; 2101. external formic acid supply port; 2102. breathing valve port; 2103. formic acid supply port; 2104. first liquid level sensor; 22. cracking reactor; 2201. gas outlet; 2202. viewing window; 2203. injection port; 2204. second liquid inlet; 2205. temperature sensor; 22 06. Pressure sensor; 2207. Liquid return port; 2208. Second liquid level sensor; 2209. Pressure relief port; 3. Heat exchange unit; 31. Liquid resistor; 3101. Air inlet port; 3102. Liquid return port; 3103. Air outlet port; 32. Shell-and-tube heat exchanger; 33. Air-cooled heat exchanger; 4. Filter unit; 41. Vapor-liquid separator; 42. Gaseous formic acid filter; 43. Water filter; 5. Purification unit; 51. Second tank; 52. Pressure swing adsorption purification module; 6. Power generation unit; 61. Fuel cell body; 62. Thermal management module; 7. Control unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating positions or relationships, are based on the positions or relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this utility model and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0043] like Figure 1-6 The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system shown includes a hydrogen production box 1, a cracking reaction unit 2 arranged in the hydrogen production box 1, a heat exchange unit 3, a filtering unit 4, a power generation unit 6, a control unit 7, and a purification unit 5 located outside the hydrogen production box 1;

[0044] Specifically, the hydrogen production box 1 is provided with a first plate 12, a second plate 13 and a third plate 14 from bottom to top, and a formic acid inlet 113 and a gas-liquid discharge port 111 are also provided thereon;

[0045] The cracking reaction unit 2 is arranged on the first layer plate 12 and is connected to the formic acid inlet 113. The cracking reaction unit 2 is suitable for containing the catalyst;

[0046] The heat exchange unit 3 is arranged on the third layer plate 14 and is connected above the cracking reaction unit 2. The heat exchange unit 3 is suitable for heating or cooling the generated mixed gas when the cracking reaction unit 2 is working to produce hydrogen;

[0047] The filter unit 4 is disposed on the second plate 13 and is connected to the heat exchange unit 3, and is suitable for filtering and separating the gaseous formic acid in the mixed gas to obtain hydrogen-rich gas;

[0048] The purification unit 5 is located outside the hydrogen production box 1 and is connected to the filtering unit 4, and is suitable for filtering out impurity gases in the hydrogen-rich gas to obtain hydrogen;

[0049] The power generation unit 6 is arranged on the first plate 12 and is connected to the purification unit 5. The hydrogen obtained in the purification unit 5 is suitable for providing hydrogen to the power generation unit 6 for power generation;

[0050] The control unit 7 is arranged on the inner wall of the hydrogen production box 1 and is located above the cracking reaction unit 2. The control unit 7 is connected to the cracking reaction unit 2, the heat exchange unit 3, the filtering unit 4, the purification unit 5 and the power generation unit 6, and is suitable for monitoring the working status and controlling the start and stop of the cracking reaction unit 2, the heat exchange unit 3, the filtering unit 4, the purification unit 5 and the power generation unit 6.

[0051] This formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system uses a cracking reaction unit 2 to cause formic acid to undergo a cracking reaction under the action of a catalyst, thereby producing a mixed gas; a hydrogen-rich gas is obtained through a filtration unit 4, and high-purity hydrogen is obtained after removing impurity gases and purifying through a purification unit 5, thereby realizing the use of hydrogen to supply hydrogen to the power generation unit 6 for power generation; by arranging multiple layers in the hydrogen production box 1 and orderly installing multiple hydrogen production working units on the multiple layers, the multiple working units of the hydrogen production system are closely arranged in the hydrogen production box 1, making the overall structure of the hydrogen production system more compact, reducing the volume of the overall structure, and reducing the footprint of the hydrogen production system. It can be used without a limited large area, and is more portable and more convenient to use.

[0052] In this embodiment, the hydrogen production box 1 includes a first box 11, a second box 51 is provided on one side of the first box 11, and the purification unit 5 is installed in the second box 51. Specifically, the first layer plate 12 is the bottom plate of the first box 11, the second layer plate 13 is installed above the first layer plate 12 at intervals and is located in the middle of the first box 11, and the third layer plate 14 is installed above the second layer plate 13 at intervals and is located in the upper middle part of the first box 11. The top of the first box 11 is provided with an air collecting hood 112, the cross section of the air collecting hood 112 is conical, and an exhaust port is opened at the top of the air collecting hood 112.

[0053] In this embodiment, the formic acid inlet 113 and the gas-liquid discharge port 111 are both provided on the side wall of the bottom of the first housing 11. The formic acid inlet 113 is adapted to be connected to the formic acid supply structure 21 via a liquid inlet pipe. Specifically, at least four groups of gas-liquid discharge ports 111 are provided.

[0054] In this embodiment, the cracking reaction unit 2 is mounted on the left side of the first plate 12 and includes a formic acid supply structure 21 and a cracking reactor 22 connected to the formic acid supply structure 21. The formic acid supply structure 21 is connected to the formic acid inlet 113. The cracking reactor 22 is suitable for holding a catalyst and is provided with a feed port 2203 for adding the catalyst. This arrangement facilitates a continuous supply of formic acid feedstock during the hydrogen production process, ensuring efficient hydrogen production.

[0055] In this embodiment, the formic acid supply structure 21 includes an external formic acid supply port 2101, a breathing valve port 2102, a formic acid supply port 2103, and a first liquid level sensor 2104. The external formic acid supply port 2101 is connected to the formic acid inlet 113, and the formic acid supply port 2103 is connected to the cracking reactor 22. This arrangement allows formic acid to be introduced into the formic acid supply structure 21 through the external formic acid supply port 2101; the breathing valve port 2102 balances the pressure differential created by the flow of formic acid through the formic acid supply structure 21, thereby ensuring smooth operation of the formic acid supply structure 21; the formic acid supply port 2103 provides formic acid to the cracking reactor 22 during operation; and the first liquid level sensor 2104 monitors the liquid level of the formic acid supply structure 21 in real time, facilitating timely response when the liquid level in the formic acid supply structure 21 is too high or too low.

[0056] In this embodiment, the cracking reactor 22 is further provided with a gas outlet 2201, a viewing window 2202, a second liquid inlet 2204, a temperature sensor 2205, a pressure sensor 2206, a liquid return port 2207, a second liquid level sensor 2208, and a pressure relief port 2209. The pressure relief port 2209 is connected to the gas-liquid discharge port 111, the second liquid inlet 2204 is connected to the formic acid supply port 2103, and the second liquid level sensor 2208 is connected to the cracking reactor 22. With this arrangement, the internal conditions of the cracking reactor 22 during operation can be monitored in real time through the viewing window 2202; overpressure protection can be provided during operation of the cracking reactor 22 through the pressure relief port 2209; the operating temperature of the cracking reactor 22 can be monitored in real time through the temperature sensor 2205; and the pressure of the cracking reactor 22 during operation can be monitored in real time through the pressure sensor 2206.

[0057] In the present embodiment, the heat exchange unit 3 includes a liquid blocker 31 arranged between the cracking reaction unit 2 and the filtering unit 4, the liquid blocker 31 is located above the cracking reactor 22, and the liquid blocker 31 is provided with an outlet port 3103, an air inlet port 3101 connected to the air outlet 2201 of the cracking reactor 22, and a liquid return port 3102 connected to the liquid return port 2207. In this manner, when performing a hydrogen production operation, the liquid blocker 31 can be used to prevent the catalyst and raw materials in the cracking reactor 22 from surging, thereby preventing the catalyst from being lost and formic acid from entering the rear-end components and damaging the rear-end components.

[0058] In this embodiment, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 32 and an air-cooled heat exchanger 33 are sequentially disposed between the liquid blocker 31 and the filter unit 4. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger 32 is connected to the outlet port 3103 of the liquid blocker 31, and air cooling is employed. This arrangement allows the reaction gases to be cooled by the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 32 and further cooled by the air-cooled heat exchanger 33, as the temperature of the mixed gas can reach nearly 100°C after passing through the liquid blocker 31. Specifically, when the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 32 is working, formic acid enters from the head inlet of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 32, flows in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 32, and then flows out from the tail outlet of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 32; since the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 32 is located above the liquid blocker 31, and the liquid blocker 31 is located above the cracking reactor 22, after the formic acid enters the cracking reactor 22, the heat absorbed by the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 32 will gradually be transferred to the cracking reactor 22 for heat exchange. While the gas-liquid mixture in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 32 is cooled, the temperature of the formic acid in the cracking reactor 22 is increased, thereby preheating the formic acid and increasing the reaction rate of the formic acid in the cracking reactor 22.

[0059] In this embodiment, the filtration unit 4 includes a gas-liquid separator 41 located on the left side of the second plate 13, a gaseous formic acid filter 42 located on the right side of the second plate 13, and a water filter 43. This arrangement allows the gas-liquid separator to separate most of the water from the mixed gas, the gaseous formic acid filter 42 to separate the gaseous formic acid from the mixed gas, and the water filter 43 to further dry the mixed gas.

[0060] In this embodiment, the purification unit 5 includes a second box body 51 independently arranged on the side outside the first box body 11 and a PSA pressure swing adsorption purification module 52 arranged in the second box body 51. The pressure swing adsorption purification module 52 is suitable for separating carbon dioxide from hydrogen-rich gas; a pure hydrogen output port connected to the pressure swing adsorption purification module 52 is provided on the purification box body.

[0061] In this embodiment, the power generation unit 6 includes a fuel cell body 61 arranged on the first layer 12 and a thermal management module 62 arranged on the third layer 14; the fuel cell body 61 is provided with a hydrogen inlet valve seat connected to the pure hydrogen output port, and the thermal management module 62 is suitable for controlling the temperature of the fuel cell body 61.

[0062] Working principle: Formic acid undergoes a cracking reaction under the action of the catalyst in the cracking reactor 22, producing a gas-liquid mixture. A set of liquid blockers 31 is set to prevent the catalyst and raw materials in the cracking reactor 22 from surging into the gas pipeline, reducing the loss of catalyst and reducing damage to the rear-end components. When the mixed gas passes through the liquid blocker 31, the temperature can reach nearly 100°C. Therefore, the mixed gas is cooled by setting a shell and tube heat exchanger 32 and an air-cooled heat exchanger 33. At the same time, the shell and tube heat exchanger 32 can also preheat the formic acid, increasing the reaction rate in the cracking reactor 22, achieving multiple goals at one stroke. Subsequently, the cooled mixed gas passes through a multi-channel separation device including a vapor-liquid separator 41, a gaseous formic acid filter 42, and a water filter 43 to obtain hydrogen-rich gas that meets the standards. Finally, after purification by the PSA pressure swing adsorption purification unit 5, it can reach 99.999% high-purity hydrogen. At this point, the process of producing hydrogen through the formic acid cracking reaction is completed and can supply hydrogen to the fuel cell power generation unit 6 for power generation.

[0063] To sum up, this formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system uses the cracking reaction unit 2 to make formic acid undergo a cracking reaction under the action of a catalyst, thereby producing a mixed gas; hydrogen-rich gas is obtained through the filtration unit 4, and high-purity hydrogen is obtained after removing impurity gas and purifying it through the purification unit 5, thereby realizing the use of hydrogen to supply hydrogen to the power generation unit 6 for power generation; by arranging multiple layers in the hydrogen production box 1, and orderly installing multiple hydrogen production working units on the multiple layers, the multiple working units of the hydrogen production system are tightly arranged in the hydrogen production box 1, making the overall structure of the hydrogen production system more compact, reducing the volume of the overall structure, and reducing the footprint of the hydrogen production system. It can be used without a limited large area scene, and is more portable and more convenient to use.

[0064] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system, characterized in that: include: A hydrogen production box (1) is provided with a first plate (12), a second plate (13) and a third plate (14) in order from bottom to top, and is also provided with a formic acid liquid inlet (113) and a gas-liquid discharge port (111); A cracking reaction unit (2) is provided on the first layer plate (12) and is connected to the formic acid inlet (113), wherein the cracking reaction unit (2) is suitable for containing a catalyst; A heat exchange unit (3) is provided on the third plate (14) and is connected above the cracking reaction unit (2). The heat exchange unit (3) is suitable for heating or cooling the generated mixed gas when the cracking reaction unit (2) is working to produce hydrogen. A filter unit (4) is provided on the second plate (13) and is connected to the heat exchange unit (3), and is suitable for filtering and separating gaseous formic acid from the mixed gas to obtain hydrogen-rich gas; A purification unit (5), located outside the hydrogen production box (1) and connected to the filtering unit (4), is suitable for filtering out impurity gases in the hydrogen-rich gas to obtain hydrogen; A power generation unit (6) is provided on the first layer plate (12) and is connected to the purification unit (5), wherein the hydrogen obtained in the purification unit (5) is suitable for supplying hydrogen to the power generation unit (6) for power generation; A control unit (7) is arranged on the inner wall of the hydrogen production box (1) and is located above the cracking reaction unit (2). The control unit (7) is connected to the cracking reaction unit (2), the heat exchange unit (3), the filtering unit (4), the purification unit (5) and the power generation unit (6), and is suitable for monitoring the working status of the cracking reaction unit (2), the heat exchange unit (3), the filtering unit (4), the purification unit (5) and the power generation unit (6) and controlling the start and stop of the cracking reaction unit (2), the heat exchange unit (3), the filtering unit (4), the purification unit (5) and the power generation unit (6).

2. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the hydrogen production box (1) is provided with an air collecting hood (112), and the air exhaust port is provided on the air collecting hood (112). The formic acid liquid inlet (113) and the gas-liquid discharge port (111) are both provided on the bottom side wall of the hydrogen production box (1), and the formic acid liquid inlet (113) is suitable for being connected to the formic acid supply structure (21) through a liquid inlet pipe.

3. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cracking reaction unit (2) comprises a formic acid supply structure (21) and a cracking reactor (22) connected to the formic acid supply structure (21); the formic acid supply structure (21) is connected to the formic acid liquid inlet (113); the cracking reactor (22) is suitable for containing a catalyst, and the cracking reactor (22) is provided with an injection port (2203) suitable for adding a catalyst.

4. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The formic acid supply structure (21) includes an external formic acid supply port (2101), a breathing valve port (2102), a formic acid supply port (2103) and a first liquid level sensor (2104). The external formic acid supply port (2101) is connected to the formic acid liquid inlet (113), and the formic acid supply port (2103) is connected to the cracking reactor (22).

5. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cracking reactor (22) is also provided with a gas outlet (2201), a viewing window (2202), a second liquid inlet (2204), a temperature sensor (2205), a pressure sensor (2206), a liquid return port (2207), a second liquid level sensor (2208) and a pressure relief port (2209); the pressure relief port (2209) is connected to the gas-liquid discharge port (111), the second liquid inlet (2204) is connected to the formic acid supply port (2103), and the second liquid level sensor (2208) is connected to the cracking reactor (22).

6. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat exchange unit (3) comprises a liquid blocker (31) arranged between the cracking reaction unit (2) and the filtering unit (4), wherein the liquid blocker (31) is located above the cracking reactor (22), and the liquid blocker (31) is provided with an air outlet port (3103), an air inlet port (3101) connected to the air outlet (2201) of the cracking reactor (22), and a liquid return port (3102) connected to the liquid return port (2207).

7. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A shell-and-tube heat exchanger (32) and an air-cooled heat exchanger (33) are sequentially arranged between the liquid blocker (31) and the filter unit (4); the shell-and-tube heat exchanger (32) is connected to the air outlet port (3103) of the liquid blocker (31); and the air cooling.

8. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtering unit (4) comprises a vapor-liquid separator (41), a gaseous formic acid filter (42) and a water filter (43).

9. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The purification unit (5) comprises a pressure swing adsorption purification module (52) independently arranged in a purification box, wherein the pressure swing adsorption purification module (52) is suitable for separating carbon dioxide from hydrogen-rich gas; and the purification box is provided with a pure hydrogen output port connected to the pressure swing adsorption purification module (52).

10. The formic acid hydrogen production fuel power generation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The power generation unit (6) comprises a fuel cell body (61) arranged on the first layer plate (12) and a thermal management module (62) arranged on the third layer plate (14); a hydrogen inlet valve seat connected to the pure hydrogen output port is provided on the fuel cell body (61), and the thermal management module (62) is suitable for controlling the temperature of the fuel cell body (61).

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