Intelligent beehive based on stm32

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of intelligent agricultural cultivation, in particular to an intelligent beehive based on stm32. The intelligent beehive comprises a beehive body, a folding solar panel arranged on the surface of the top end of the beehive body, an inner camera and an outer camera arranged on the surface, and a positioning communication module arranged on the upper portion of the surface of one end of the beehive body. The STM32 single chip microcomputer is adopted as a main controller, the cost is lower than that of a traditional intelligent beehive, more kinds of honey, pollen and royal jelly can be collected, the folding solar panel is adopted, the area is larger, the number of times of replacing a lithium battery is reduced compared with the traditional intelligent beehive, and the intelligent beehive is more convenient to use. Meanwhile, 4G is adopted as a transmission path, the link is more stable, the camera in the honeycomb is carried, management is convenient, the honeycomb opening frequency is reduced, and the overall use efficiency can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of intelligent agricultural breeding, in particular to an intelligent beehive based on STM32. Background Art

[0002] After searching the Chinese patent literature with the existing announcement number CN221449511U, a smart beehive is disclosed, which includes a beehive cover, a super (honey-producing box), a bottom box (egg-laying box) and a base. The inside of the super and the bottom box are equipped with thermal insulation layers and vents to help maintain a suitable environment for the beehive. The queen excluder isolates the queen bee in the bottom box to prevent the queen bee from entering the honey-producing area. The base is equipped with pollen collection equipment, feeding devices, depollenation devices and nest doors to facilitate beekeeper management. A mesh-structured heating film is provided inside the box, evenly distributed on the inner wall of the bottom box to provide a constant temperature environment. Cameras are integrated on the top of the super and the bottom box, and sound sensors are integrated on the bottom. The devices provide beekeepers with valuable data analysis by monitoring the behavior and sounds of the bee colony in real time, helping to discover and solve problems and maximize the efficiency of beekeeping and honey production.

[0003] The primary equipment for beekeeping is the beehive. Existing technologies utilize traditional Lang's hives, improved wooden hives, and portable plastic insulated boxes. Existing beehives use Raspberry Pis as the main controller, which is costly; they only collect honey, with a limited variety of bee products; they have small solar panels and low power generation; they use Wi-Fi as the data link, but Wi-Fi signal coverage is difficult when deployed over large areas; and they lack in-hive cameras, making it difficult to monitor the hive's conditions, resulting in poor overall practicality. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects of the existing technology and provide an intelligent beehive based on STM32, aiming to solve the technical problems that the existing beehives use Raspberry Pi as the main control, which is high in cost; can only collect honey, and the variety of bee products collected is small; the solar panel area is small and the power generation is low; WIFI is used as the data link, and the WIFI signal is difficult to cover when deployed over a large area; there is no camera inside the nest, which makes it difficult to know the specific situation inside the nest, resulting in poor overall practicality.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model discloses an intelligent beehive based on STM32, comprising a beehive body, the top surface of the beehive body is provided with a folding solar panel, the bottom surface of the folding solar panel is provided with an internal camera, one side of the bottom surface of the folding solar panel is provided with an external camera, the upper surface of one end of the beehive body is provided with a positioning communication module, the upper surface of the other end of the beehive body is provided with a semiconductor refrigerator and an air quality sensor in sequence, the inside of the beehive body is provided with a feeding and water trough, a pull-out honey comb, a lithium battery, a weighing sensor, a pollen remover, a variable bee door, a pollen collection tank, a royal jelly collection area and a main board in sequence, and the bottom surface of the pollen remover is provided with a collection funnel.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0008] The beehive body and the foldable solar panel are fixedly connected, the foldable solar panel is electrically connected to the lithium battery, the foldable solar panel is fixedly connected to the inner camera and the outer camera, and the surface of the inner camera is provided with a talcum powder layer and a red light.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The beehive body and the positioning communication module are fixedly connected. The positioning communication module includes a display, an EC800M4G module and an ATGM336H positioning module. The beehive body is connected to a semiconductor cooler and an air quality sensor. The air quality sensor adopts an MQ2 sensor.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The semiconductor refrigerator realizes temperature control through semiconductor refrigeration and relays, and realizes humidity detection through the DHT11 sensor. The mainboard includes an STM32 single-chip microcomputer, and the overall operation is controlled by connecting the mainboard with the lithium battery circuit. A groove corresponding to the pull-out honey comb is provided in the middle of the surface of one side of the beehive body.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The beehive body, lithium battery, weighing sensor, pollen remover, variable bee door, pollen collection tank, royal jelly collection area and main board are all fixed on the inner surface of the beehive body. The variable bee door is controlled by a servo and can be closed remotely. A servo valve is provided behind the collection funnel.

[0015] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] In this utility model, by adopting STM32 single-chip microcomputer as main control, the cost is lower than traditional smart beehives, and more types of honey, pollen, and royal jelly can be collected. In addition, foldable solar panels are used, which have a larger area. Compared with traditional smart beehives, the number of times lithium batteries need to be replaced is reduced. At the same time, 4G is used as the transmission path, and the link is more stable. It is equipped with a camera in the hive for easy management, reducing the number of times the hive is opened, and can effectively improve the overall utilization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the foldable solar panel of the utility model in the unfolded state;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall right side structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall left-side structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal process structure of the utility model;

[0024] In the picture: 1. Beehive body; 2. Folding solar panel; 3. Internal camera; 4. External camera; 5. Positioning and communication module; 6. Semiconductor refrigerator; 7. Air quality sensor; 8. Feeding and water trough; 9. Pull-out honey comb; 10. Lithium battery; 11. Weighing sensor; 12. Pollen remover; 13. Variable bee door; 14. Pollen collection tank; 15. Royal jelly collection area; 16. Main board; 17. Collection funnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] In the drawings, the same reference numerals all refer to the same components.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Reference Figure 1-6The utility model provides an embodiment: an intelligent beehive based on stm32, comprising a beehive body 1, a foldable solar panel 2 is provided on the top surface of the beehive body 1, an internal camera 3 is provided on the bottom surface of the foldable solar panel 2, an external camera 4 is provided on one side of the bottom surface of the foldable solar panel 2, a positioning communication module 5 is provided on the upper surface of one end of the beehive body 1, a semiconductor refrigerator 6 and an air quality sensor 7 are provided in sequence on the upper surface of the other end of the beehive body 1, a feeding and water trough 8, a pull-out honey comb 9, a lithium battery 10, a weighing sensor 11, a pollen remover 12, a variable bee door 13, a pollen collection tank 14, a royal jelly collection area 15 and a main board 16 are provided in sequence inside the beehive body 1, and a collecting funnel 17 is provided on the bottom surface of the pollen remover 12.

[0029] The beehive body 1 and the foldable solar panel 2 are fixedly connected, the foldable solar panel 2 is electrically connected to the lithium battery 10, and the foldable solar panel 2 is fixedly connected to the internal camera 3 and the external camera 4. The surface of the internal camera 3 is provided with a talcum powder layer and is equipped with a red light.

[0030] The beehive body 1 and the positioning communication module 5 are fixedly connected. The positioning communication module 5 includes a display, an EC800M4G module and an ATGM336H positioning module. The beehive body 1 is connected to a semiconductor cooler 6 and an air quality sensor 7. The air quality sensor 7 uses an MQ2 sensor.

[0031] The semiconductor refrigerator 6 realizes temperature control through semiconductor refrigeration and relays, and realizes humidity detection through the DHT11 sensor. The main board 16 includes an STM32 microcontroller, and the overall operation is controlled by connecting the main board 16 with the lithium battery 10 circuit. A groove corresponding to the pull-out honey comb 9 is provided in the middle of the surface of one side of the beehive body 1.

[0032] The beehive body 1, lithium battery 10, weighing sensor 11, pollen remover 12, variable bee door 13, pollen collection tank 14, royal jelly collection area 15 and main board 16 are all fixed on the inner surface of the beehive body 1. The variable bee door 13 is controlled by a servo and can be closed remotely. A servo valve is provided behind the collecting funnel 17.

[0033] Specifically, its structure consists of a beehive body 1, a foldable solar panel 2, an internal camera 3, an external camera 4, a positioning communication module 5, a semiconductor refrigerator 6, an air quality sensor 7, a feeding and water trough 8, a pull-out honey comb 9, a lithium battery 10, a weighing sensor 11, a pollen remover 12, a variable bee door 13, a pollen collection tank 14, a royal jelly collection area 15, a main board 16 and a collection funnel 17 to form an STM32-based smart beehive. The beehive body 1 and the foldable solar panel 2 form a room-type beehive as a whole. The foldable solar panel 2 provides electrical energy and powers the lithium battery 10. The solar panel can be folded during storage or transportation. The internal camera 3 with a red light can be used to view the situation inside the beehive body 1, taking advantage of the fact that bees are insensitive to red light. Even when the camera is operating, it does not affect the bees. Talcum powder is applied to the camera's periphery to prevent bees from applying propolis and affecting the image. External cameras 4 allow viewing of conditions outside the hive, providing beekeepers with a comprehensive monitoring and observation tool. This allows them to observe both the external environment of the beehive and real-time monitoring of internal conditions within the colony, such as queen placement warnings. The positioning communication module 5 provides the intelligent beehive's latitude and longitude information and 4G network, uploading status data to the cloud and downloading instructions. The EC800M 4G module enables real-time uploading of data collected by various sensors, such as temperature and humidity, air quality, liquid levels, and internal hive conditions, to the cloud server. The ATGM336H positioning module supports GPS and Beidou positioning systems to determine the precise location of the beehive. This is crucial for tracking the hive's geographic location, understanding the range of bee activity, and collecting geographic information data. The use of the positioning module helps beekeepers better understand bee activities and migrations, providing more information for bee management. The hive temperature is regulated by a semiconductor cooler 6, which is controlled through semiconductor coolers and relays. The system automatically monitors the hive temperature and takes appropriate control measures. When the temperature rises, the refrigeration system will start to cool the air inside the beehive to ensure that the bees do not overheat. Conversely, when the temperature drops, the relay will energize and change the polarity of the semiconductor refrigeration chip to heat the inside of the beehive, ensuring that the bees stay warm in cold weather. This automatic temperature control helps maintain the health and comfort of the bees. Humidity detection is achieved through the DHT11 sensor, which is used to monitor the humidity level in the beehive in real time. The sensor feeds humidity data back to the system. If the humidity exceeds the safety or comfort range of the bees, the ultrasonic humidifier is automatically activated to maintain the appropriate humidity level to ensure the survival and production environment of the bees. Air quality data is collected by the air quality sensor 7 for monitoring the air quality inside the beehive body 1. When the concentration of harmful gases exceeds a predetermined threshold, the system will trigger a buzzer to alarm.Once the MQ2 sensor detects that the concentration of harmful gases has reached a predetermined threshold, the app will issue an alert, prompting the manager. The bees are provided with supplementary feeding via the feeding and watering trough 8 during the non-nectar flow period. An internal liquid level sensor detects the remaining feed. Honey is collected from the side of the smart beehive via the retractable honey comb 9, which is pulled out from the bees' honey production area. A lithium battery 10 provides power at night, when the foldable solar panel is unable to provide power. A weighing sensor 11 measures the overall weight of the beehive to determine the colony's condition and honey production. A pollen remover 12 scrapes off pollen clumps attached to the bees, dropping them into a collection hopper 17 below. A servo-operated valve at the rear prevents bees from entering the hive. A variable bee door 13, controlled by a servo, can be remotely closed. By adjusting the door's size, beekeepers can restrict or allow bees to enter or leave the hive. This is crucial for managing the bee colony, controlling their range, and ensuring their safety. In the event of natural enemies such as rats and wasps, the hive door can be remotely closed using a camera outside the hive, minimizing losses. Pollen falling from the collection hopper 17 through the pollen collection tank 14 ultimately lands here. The royal jelly collection area 15 houses the queen cell foundation frame. Royal jelly is produced within the queen cell and is placed here by the main control chip and power management system 16. Pollen clumps from the depollinator are collected by the collection hopper 17 and eventually land in the pollen collection area. The STM32-based smart beehive utilizes advanced sensors to monitor key parameters of the bee colony, such as temperature, humidity, hive activity level, and bee health. Furthermore, by connecting the hive to the internet, beekeepers can remotely monitor the hive's status anytime, anywhere and receive real-time data and alerts. By providing real-time data and alerts, smart beehives will enhance beekeepers' management capabilities, increase honey production efficiency, protect the bee population, and mitigate the decline in bee populations. Sensors can detect health issues in the bee colony at an early stage, enabling beekeepers to take swift preventative measures and reduce the risk of disease transmission.

[0034] The STM32-based smart beehive can be used for bee collection, pollen collection, and royal jelly collection. Honey collection uses a weight sensor to determine if the honey is full, and an internal camera 3 to determine if the retractable honeycomb 9 is capped. The app then prompts the administrator to collect the honey. Pollen collection uses the app to control the servo to open the door of the pollen remover 12. As bees enter and exit, the pollen is carried away by the servo 12, which then falls into the collection funnel 17 and into the pollen collection tank 14. Royal jelly is collected by placing dedicated queen cells in the royal jelly collection area 15. The app then controls the servo to open the doors between the main hive and the royal jelly collection area, allowing the bees to build their queen cells and excrete royal jelly before collecting it. The overall working principle is as follows:

[0035] ①Data collection and monitoring

[0036] The temperature and humidity detection uses the DHT11 sensor to monitor the environment inside the beehive in real time; the air quality detection MQ2 sensor is used to detect the concentration of harmful gases; the weighing sensor 11 weight sensor monitors the amount of honey; the image monitoring cameras inside and outside the hive monitor the internal situation; GPS positioning uses the ATGM336H module to provide accurate location information.

[0037] ②Automated control

[0038] The temperature and humidity are automatically controlled by semiconductor heating / cooling and ultrasonic humidifiers. Bee product collection is automated through servo control of 12 doors of the pollen remover and 15 doors of the royal jelly collection area. The bee door control adjusts the size of the bee door as needed to ensure the safety of the bees.

[0039] ④Data transmission and management

[0040] 4G communication uses the EC800M module to achieve high-speed data exchange between the beehive and the cloud server.

[0041] ⑤Power supply

[0042] The foldable solar panel 2 generates electricity to provide the required power for operation and to charge the lithium battery 10. When the charging conditions of the foldable solar panel 2 are not met, the battery supplies power.

[0043] Usage process:

[0044] Initialize the settings. Insert the nest foundation with bee colonies into the beehive body 1 in advance, place the beehive in a suitable location, configure the network according to the mini-program prompts, unfold and fold the solar panels 2, and check the mini-program to see if the solar power generation is normal.

[0045] For daily monitoring, the environmental parameter monitoring system automatically collects data such as temperature, humidity, air quality, and the remaining amount in the feeding and water troughs. When deploying beehives in batches, the mini program automatically pins the numbers of beehives with abnormal data to the top and points them on the map using their longitude and latitude information. Bee product management uses cameras and sensors to determine whether honey, pollen, royal jelly, etc. need to be collected. Equipment maintenance automatically pushes information such as equipment failure, low battery, and insufficient remaining amount in the feeding and water troughs to the mini program to remind users to perform maintenance.

[0046] Automated operation, collection action execution When the conditions are met, the system automatically triggers the corresponding mechanism (such as the de-powdering device servo) to work, and when the safety protection detects an abnormality (such as the invasion of natural enemies), the variable bee door 13 is automatically closed remotely. Environmental control: The ambient temperature and humidity are automatically controlled. If the ambient temperature exceeds the threshold set in advance in the mini program, the semiconductor cooler 6 is automatically triggered to work.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent beehive based on stm32, comprising a beehive body (1), characterized in that: The top surface of the beehive body (1) is provided with a folding solar panel (2), the bottom surface of the folding solar panel (2) is provided with an internal camera (3), and one side of the bottom surface of the folding solar panel (2) is provided with an external camera (4). The upper surface of one end of the beehive body (1) is provided with a positioning communication module (5), and the upper surface of the other end of the beehive body (1) is provided with a semiconductor refrigerator (6) and an air quality sensor (7) in sequence. The inside of the beehive body (1) is provided with a feeding and water trough (8), a retractable honey comb (9), a lithium battery (10), a weighing sensor (11), a pollen remover (12), a variable bee door (13), a pollen collection tank (14), a royal jelly collection area (15) and a main board (16). The bottom surface of the pollen remover (12) is provided with a collecting funnel (17).

2. A smart beehive based on stm32 according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beehive body (1) and the foldable solar panel (2) are fixedly connected, the foldable solar panel (2) is electrically connected to the lithium battery (10), the foldable solar panel (2) is fixedly connected to the inner camera (3) and the outer camera (4), and the inner camera (3) is provided with a talcum powder layer on its surface and is provided with a red light.

3. A smart beehive based on stm32 according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beehive body (1) and the positioning communication module (5) are fixedly connected. The positioning communication module (5) includes a display, an EC800M4G module and an ATGM336H positioning module. The air quality sensor (7) adopts an MQ2 sensor.

4. A smart beehive based on stm32 according to claim 1, characterized in that, The semiconductor refrigerator (6) realizes temperature control through semiconductor cooling and relays, and realizes humidity detection through a DHT11 sensor. The mainboard (16) includes an STM32 single-chip microcomputer, and the overall operation is controlled by connecting the mainboard (16) with the lithium battery (10). A groove corresponding to the pull-out honey comb (9) is provided in the middle of one side surface of the beehive body (1).

5. The intelligent beehive based on stm32 according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beehive body (1), the lithium battery (10), the weighing sensor (11), the pollen remover (12), the variable bee door (13), the pollen collection tank (14), the royal jelly collection area (15) and the main board (16) are all fixed on the inner surface of the beehive body (1). The variable bee door (13) is controlled by a servo and can be closed remotely. A servo valve is provided behind the collecting funnel (17).

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