Tunnel blasting protection device
Through the combined design of support rods, protective nets and fixtures, the problem of difficult support at high points of the tunnel section was solved, and full coverage protection of the tunnel end face and simplified construction were achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423024629.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-09
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the wire mesh is relatively high in the tunnel section. The wire mesh at the high position is difficult to build due to the lack of corresponding support, and it is impossible to completely protect the tunnel section.
The system adopts a combined design of support rods, protective nets and fixtures. The support rods are fixed to the inner surface of the tunnel through hooks, and the protective nets are hung on the support rods through hook holes. The fixtures fix the free ends of the protective nets to the ground. A through hole is designed to facilitate simultaneous drilling and blasting construction and the erection of protective devices, reducing the impact of shock waves on the protective nets.
It achieves full coverage protection of the tunnel end face, simplifies the construction process of the protective device, reduces construction time, and extends the service life of the protective device.
Smart Images
Figure CN223376504U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of blasting safety devices, and in particular relates to a tunnel blasting protection device. Background Art
[0002] Tunnels are key projects in highway and railway construction. With the development of railway construction and technological advancements, tunnel excavation methods have experienced rapid development. Common tunnel excavation methods include drilling and blasting, shield tunneling, and tunnel boring machine (TBM). Taking into account the complex geological conditions and economic factors of tunnels, a combination of TBM and drilling and blasting is increasingly used for tunnel excavation. Tunnel excavation trolleys are used for support while tunneling and drilling and blasting are being performed. However, both tunneling and drilling and blasting require the use of specialized large-scale machinery. To prevent damage to the equipment from blasting debris, all machinery and equipment near the tunnel excavation face, including the trolley, must be removed during blasting and protected with protective devices such as wire mesh.
[0003] Existing protective nets are usually made of wire mesh supported by a rectangular frame. However, the cross-section of a tunnel is not rectangular, so unless a special wire mesh is specially made, there will always be gaps that cannot be covered, and it cannot fully protect the tunnel. In addition, the tunnel cross-section is high, and the wire mesh at high places is difficult to set up due to the lack of corresponding support. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a tunnel blasting protection device, so as to provide a protection device which is simple to build and can protect the entire tunnel end face during tunnel blasting.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the solution of the utility model is as follows: a tunnel blasting protection device includes a support rod, a protection net and a fixer:
[0006] The support rod is a rigid rod, and a hook is provided on one end of the support rod;
[0007] The protective net is made of flexible material. Several hook holes are provided on the edge of the protective net. A front protective net is fixed in the middle of the protective net. A through hole is opened on one side of the protective net. A side protective net is provided on both sides of the through hole. One side of the side protective net is connected to the protective net and the other end is a free end. The fixer is installed on the free end of the side protective net. The fixer is used to fix the free end of the side protective net and the front protective net to the ground.
[0008] The working principle and beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: the end of the support rod away from the hook can be fixed to the support on the inner surface of the tunnel or the end face of the trolley facing the excavation surface, and the upper side of the protective net is hung on the hook of the support rod through the hook hole. The free ends of the front protective net and the side protective net are fixed to the ground by fasteners, and the front protective net is shielded in front of the through-port. The construction process of the entire protective device is simple and can be completed by hooking. The flexible protective net can be tensioned and fixed according to the end face of the tunnel to avoid blind spots in protection. In addition, the through-port design allows the construction of the protective device and the drilling and blasting construction to be carried out simultaneously. After the drilling and blasting construction is completed, it is possible to evacuate from the through-port. There is no need to wait for the drilling and blasting construction to be completed before constructing the protective device, which can save a lot of construction time. The front protective net can also protect the through-port. Due to the existence of the through-port, the shock wave generated by the explosion can also be released through the through-port, reducing the impact of the shock wave on the protective net and extending the service life of the protective device.
[0009] Optionally, the end of the support rod away from the hook is threaded. In the case of a tunnel excavation trolley, a corresponding threaded hole is opened on the frame body at the edge of the excavation trolley bracket, and the support rod is threadedly connected to the trolley, making the installation of the support rod more convenient and quick, and also making the support rod reusable.
[0010] Optionally, the side guard nets and the protective net are integrated.
[0011] Optionally, a tensioning mechanism is further included, one end of which is mounted on a fixture and the other end is connected to the protective net, the front protective net or the side protective net. When the protective net, the front protective net or the side protective net needs to be tightened, the tensioning mechanism is used to tighten the protective net.
[0012] Optionally, the fixing device includes one or more of a flexible rope, a ground spike, and a dedicated fixing device. The flexible rope is used to secure the protective net, side nets, and front nets to an attachment structure on the ground or wall. The ground spike is used to drive the nets into the ground or wall. If a trolley and trolley track are present, a dedicated fixing device can be used to secure the nets to the trolley track, minimizing damage to the ground or wall. Furthermore, the device is reusable and easier to install and remove.
[0013] Optionally, the dedicated fixing device includes two fixing clamps with grooves and holes for receiving bolts. The trolley track is typically I-shaped, and the two fixing brackets can be clamped to the track using the grooves in the fixing clamps. The two fixing brackets are then fastened together using bolts, and the edges of the front and side guardrails can be clamped between the two fixing clamps.
[0014] Optionally, the dedicated fixing device further comprises a fixing rod, which is mounted on the fixing clamp. The edges of the front guard net and the side guard net can be mounted on the fixing rod, making it easy to unfold the front guard net and the side guard net to increase the protection area.
[0015] Optionally, the dedicated fixing device includes a fixing hook, which is fixed or hinged to the fixing rod.
[0016] Optionally, the width of the free end of the side guard net is greater than the width of the connection between the side guard net and the protective net, so as to facilitate the fixing of the inner edge of the side guard net to the trolley track.
[0017] Optionally, an outer edge of the protective net is provided with an exoskeleton, and the exoskeleton is made of steel strands. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel blasting protection device in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a special fixing device in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the support rod in the embodiment of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:
[0022] The marks in the drawings of the specification include: trolley 1, support rod 2, threaded end 201, hook 202, exoskeleton 3, protective net 4, side protective net 5, front protective net 6, through-port 7, special fixing device 8, fixing clamp 801, bolt 802, fixing rod 803, trolley track 9.
[0023] Example
[0024] This embodiment is basically as Figure 1 As shown: In this example, the excavated tunnel is supported by a tunnel excavation trolley 1, the tunnel ground is hardened and a trolley track 9 made of I-beam is installed. The tunnel blasting protection device includes support rods 2, a protective net 4 and a fixture:
[0025] The support rod 2 is a rigid rod. Figure 3 As shown, a hook 202 is provided at one end of the support rod 2. The end of the support rod 2, away from the hook 202, is a threaded end 201 with standard threads. Correspondingly, corresponding threaded holes are provided on the frame at the edge of the excavation trolley 1, allowing the support rod 2 to be threadedly connected to the trolley 1. This makes installation of the support rod 2 more convenient and quick, and also makes the support rod 2 reusable.
[0026] The protective net 4 is made of a flexible material. A hook hole is provided at every 0.5m along the edge of the protective net 4. An exoskeleton 3 is provided on the outer edge of the protective net 4. The exoskeleton 3 is made of steel strands and reinforces the protective net 4. A front protective net 6 is fixed to the middle of the protective net 4. A through-hole 7 is provided on one side of the protective net 4. The through-hole 7 extends all the way to the edge of the protective net 4 and forms a gap on the edge of the protective net 4. A side guard net 5 is integrally formed on each side of the through-hole 7. One end of the side guard net 5 is connected to the protective net 4, and the other end is a free end. The width of the free end is greater than the width of the connection between the side guard net 5 and the protective net 4. This facilitates the fixing of the inner edge of the side guard net 5 to the trolley track 9.
[0027] In this embodiment, a fixer is also included, which is a special fixing device 8, as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, the dedicated fixing device 8 comprises two fixing clips 801, each with a groove and a through-hole for receiving a bolt 802. The grooves in the fixing clips 801 allow the two fixing clips to be clamped to the rails. The two fixing clips are then fastened together using the bolts 802, allowing the edges of the front and side guard nets 6 and 5 to be clamped between the two fixing clips 801. In this embodiment, the dedicated fixing device 8 also comprises two fixing rods 803, each clamped to the two rails. The fixing rods 803 are mounted between the two fixing clips 801, with both ends passing through the fixing clips 801 and locked to the fixing clips 801 by locking pins. A row of fixing hooks are also hingedly connected to the fixing rods 803. Hook holes on the edges of the front and side guard nets 6 and 5 hook onto the fixing rods 803 through these hook holes, facilitating their deployment and increasing the protective area.
[0028] A corner of the inner edge of the side guard net 5 is also fixed to the trolley track 9 on the opposite side by a special fixing device 8. The two side guard nets 5 are staggered, which not only makes the construction of the side guard net 5 easier, but also leaves a channel for part of the shock wave to pass through, thereby weakening the impact of the shock wave on the entire protective device. Usually, the lower end of the side guard net 5 receives the strongest impact, and the staggered side guard nets 5 can strengthen the protection of this area.
[0029] The entire protective device is simple to set up, requiring only hooks. The flexible protective net 4 can be tensioned and fixed to the tunnel end face, avoiding blind spots. Furthermore, the design of the through-hole 7 allows for simultaneous construction of the protective device and drilling and blasting. After drilling and blasting are complete, evacuation can be performed through the through-hole 7, eliminating the need to wait for drilling and blasting to complete before setting up the protective device, saving significant construction time. The front guard net 6 also protects the through-hole 7. Furthermore, the presence of the through-hole 7 allows the shock wave generated by the explosion to be released through the through-hole 7, reducing the impact of the shock wave on the protective net 4 and extending the service life of the protective device.
[0030] In other embodiments, a tensioning mechanism is further included, comprising an elastic band or a turnbuckle, one end of the tensioning mechanism being mounted on the holder and the other end being connected to the protective net 4, the front protective net 6, or the side protective net 5. When the protective net 4, the front protective net 6, or the side protective net 5 needs to be tightened, the tensioning mechanism is used to tighten the protective net 4, the front protective net 6, or the side protective net 5.
[0031] In other embodiments, the fixing means may also be a flexible rope or a ground spike, wherein the flexible rope is used to fasten the protective net 4, the side nets 5, and the front net 6 to an attachment structure on the ground or wall, thereby achieving fixation, while the ground spike is used to nail them into the ground or wall.
[0032] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the fields involved in this implementation case. Common knowledge such as the known specific structures and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. Ordinary technicians in the relevant field are aware of all common technical knowledge in the technical field to which the utility model belongs before the application date or priority date, can obtain all existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental means before that date. Ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the inspiration given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. Tunnel blasting protection device, characterized by: Includes support poles, netting and fixings: The support rod is a rigid rod, and a hook is provided on one end of the support rod; The protective net is made of flexible material. Several hook holes are provided on the edge of the protective net. A front protective net is fixed in the middle of the protective net. A through hole is opened on one side of the protective net. A side protective net is provided on both sides of the through hole. One side of the side protective net is connected to the protective net and the other end is a free end. The fixer is installed on the free end of the side protective net. The fixer is used to fix the free end of the side protective net and the front protective net to the ground.
2. The tunnel blasting protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the support rod away from the hook is a threaded end.
3. The tunnel blasting protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side guard net and the protective net are integrated.
4. The tunnel blasting protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tensioning mechanism, one end of which is installed on the fixer, and the other end is connected to the protective net, the front protective net or the side protective net.
5. The tunnel blasting protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing device includes one or more of a flexible rope, a ground spike and a special fixing device.
6. The tunnel blasting protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The special fixing device comprises two fixing clamps, each of which is provided with a groove and a through hole for passing a bolt.
7. The tunnel blasting protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dedicated fixing device further comprises a fixing rod, which is mounted on the fixing clamp.
8. The tunnel blasting protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dedicated fixing device comprises a fixing hook which is fixed or hinged on the fixing rod.
9. The tunnel blasting protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the free end of the side guard net is greater than the width of the connection between the side guard net and the protective net.
10. The tunnel blasting protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exoskeleton is provided on the outer edge of the protective net, and the exoskeleton is made of steel strands.