Overload protection circuit of convenient plug-in PCI-E (Peripheral Component Interconnect-Express) expansion interface

Abstract

The utility model provides a convenient plug-in type PCI-E expansion interface overload protection circuit, and belongs to the technical field of overload protection circuits. Comprising a PCI-E expansion interface module; the power monitoring chip is connected with a power supply input line on the PCI-E expansion interface module, and the power monitoring chip is used for monitoring the power consumption of the PCI-E expansion interface module in real time; and the high-speed fuse is connected to the power supply input line behind the power monitoring chip and is used for rapidly cutting off the circuit under the condition of serious overload or short circuit. According to the utility model, the power monitoring chip, the control chip, the fast-acting fuse, the recoverable over-current protector and other elements are matched to realize the purpose of overload protection of the PCI-E expansion interface, and the electromagnetic interference filter is arranged and is matched with the power monitoring chip, the fast-acting fuse, the recoverable over-current protector and other elements; the purpose of effectively coping with electromagnetic interference is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of overload protection circuits, in particular to an overload protection circuit for a convenient plug-in PCI-E expansion interface. Background Art

[0002] In today's era of rapid development of electronic information technology, the PCI-E (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) expansion interface plays a vital role as a key high-speed data transmission channel in computer systems. With its high bandwidth and low latency, it provides a stable and reliable connection solution for various high-performance external devices such as graphics cards, professional audio equipment, and high-speed network cards, greatly enriching the functional expandability of computer systems and meeting the needs of different users in professional graphics processing, multimedia creation, high-speed network communication, and other aspects.

[0003] However, in actual usage scenarios, when multiple high-power devices are connected to the PCI-E expansion interface at the same time, or when the power consumption of a device suddenly increases significantly due to internal failure, software abnormality, etc., the PCI-E expansion interface may face the risk of current overload; for example, when performing high-intensity graphics processing tasks, high-end graphics cards may consume a large amount of power instantly, causing the current passing through the PCI-E expansion interface to rise sharply; if there is a lack of an effective overload protection mechanism at this time, it is easy to cause irreversible damage to the interface itself and the devices connected to it. In severe cases, it may even cause failure of the entire computer system, causing great trouble and economic losses to users. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an overload protection circuit for a convenient plug-in PCI-E expansion interface, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing PCI-E expansion interface lacks effective overload protection measures during use and cannot effectively cope with electromagnetic interference.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a convenient plug-in overload protection circuit for PCI-E expansion interface, comprising: a PCI-E expansion interface module; a power monitoring chip connected to the power input line on the PCI-E expansion interface module, the power monitoring chip being used to monitor the power consumption of the PCI-E expansion interface module in real time; a fast fuse connected to the power input line after the power monitoring chip, which quickly cuts off the circuit in the event of a serious overload or short circuit; a recoverable overcurrent protector connected to the power input line, which automatically disconnects when the current is too large and automatically resumes conduction after the fault is eliminated; a control chip The chip is connected to the output pin of the power monitoring chip, and the output pin of the control chip is connected to the control pin of the recoverable overcurrent protector. The control chip is used to receive the signal of the power monitoring chip and control the disconnection action of the recoverable overcurrent protector, wherein the accuracy error of the power monitoring chip does not exceed ±1% to ensure accurate monitoring of power consumption; the fusing current of the fast fuse can be set to 10A, and the response time is within 5 milliseconds; the overcurrent protection threshold of the recoverable overcurrent protector is set to 8A, and the recovery conduction time after the fault is eliminated is within 10 seconds; the processing speed of the control chip is 100 signal processing times per second, and the stability is above 99.9%.

[0006] In a further embodiment, an electromagnetic interference filter is connected to the power input line. The electromagnetic interference filter is located after the fast fuse. The electromagnetic interference filter is used to filter out external electromagnetic interference signals. The filtering frequency range of the electromagnetic interference filter is 100kHz-1GHz, and the attenuation capability of the interference signal is above 30dB. The installation position should be as close to the fast fuse as possible, and the power consumption of the filter itself shall not exceed 0.5W.

[0007] In a further embodiment, a varistor is connected to the power input line and in parallel with the PCI-E expansion interface module to protect the PCI-E expansion interface module when an overvoltage surge occurs. The varistor has a withstand voltage of 500V and a response time of less than 1 microsecond. The reliability is such that the varistor can still operate normally after 1,000 overvoltage shock tests.

[0008] In a further embodiment, an indicator light is connected to the output pin of the control chip and is used to indicate the working status of the circuit. The indicator light can be set to use different colors or flashing modes. The indicator light can convey to the user whether the system is working normally, whether it is in an overload protection state, or whether there is a fault. For example, the brightness of the indicator light is 500mcd, red indicates a fault, green indicates normal operation, and yellow indicates overload protection; the flashing frequency is 1 time per second for a fault, constant light for normal operation, and slow flashing (1 time every 2 seconds) for overload protection; the control logic accuracy of the control chip for the indicator light is above 99.9%.

[0009] In a further embodiment, a detection resistor is connected between the current detection pin of the power monitoring chip and the power input line. The detection resistor is used to assist the power monitoring chip in current detection. The resistance of the detection resistor is 0.1 ohm, and the accuracy error does not exceed ±0.5%; the temperature coefficient is 50ppm / ℃, ensuring high measurement accuracy at different temperatures.

[0010] In a further embodiment, one end of the varistor is connected to the power input circuit and the other end is grounded. The positive terminal of the indicator light is connected to an output pin of the control chip and the negative terminal is grounded. The connection resistance between the varistor, the power input circuit, and the ground is less than 0.1 ohm. The insulation resistance of the connection circuit of the indicator light is greater than 100M ohms to prevent short circuits and leakage. The control logic accuracy of the control chip for the indicator light is greater than 99.9%.

[0011] In a further embodiment, the input pin of the electromagnetic interference filter is connected to a fast fuse, and the output pin of the electromagnetic interference filter is connected to a recoverable overcurrent protector, wherein the connection resistance of the input and output pins of the electromagnetic interference filter is less than 0.05 ohms to prevent electromagnetic interference problems caused by poor contact; the parameters of the filter are adjusted according to the electromagnetic compatibility requirements of the system, and the attenuation capability of the 500MHz interference signal is above 40dB; the installation position of the filter should be as close as possible to the fast fuse and the recoverable overcurrent protector, within 5cm, to reduce the propagation of electromagnetic interference on the line.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the power input pin and the voltage detection pin on the power monitoring chip are both connected to the power input line, wherein the isolation resistance between the power input pin and the voltage detection pin of the power monitoring chip is greater than 1000M ohms to prevent mutual interference; the anti-interference ability of the connecting line is such that when facing electromagnetic interference of 100V / m, the measurement error does not exceed ±0.5%; the chip should be able to adapt to the power input voltage range of 12V-24V to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0013] In a further embodiment, the recoverable overcurrent protector is connected to the power input pin of the power monitoring chip to achieve overcurrent protection for the power monitoring chip itself, wherein the connection resistance between the recoverable overcurrent protector and the power monitoring chip is less than 0.05 ohms, ensuring that the current can be cut off in time in the event of overcurrent; the overcurrent protection threshold of the protector is set to 1.2 times the maximum tolerable current of the power monitoring chip, and the recovery conduction time after the fault is eliminated is within 10 seconds.

[0014] Beneficial effects: 1. The power consumption of the PCI-E expansion interface module is monitored in real time through the power monitoring chip, and the signal is transmitted to the control chip; when an overload occurs, the control chip controls the recoverable overcurrent protector to automatically disconnect, and at the same time, the fast fuse quickly cuts off the circuit in the event of severe overload or short circuit, thus achieving the purpose of overload protection for the PCI-E expansion interface and preventing damage to the interface and connected devices due to overload.

[0015] 2. The electromagnetic interference filter is connected to the power input line and is located after the fast fuse. It filters out external electromagnetic interference signals and works together with components such as the power monitoring chip, fast fuse, and recoverable overcurrent protector to effectively deal with electromagnetic interference. It also improves data transmission stability and equipment reliability. In actual use, it reduces the impact of electromagnetic interference on the PCI-E expansion interface module and other components, ensures the accuracy and integrity of data transmission, and reduces the incidence of equipment failures caused by electromagnetic interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the practical embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the utility model.

[0018] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1. PCI-E expansion interface module; 2. Power monitoring chip; 201. Detection resistor; 3. Fast fuse; 4. Electromagnetic interference filter; 5. Recoverable overcurrent protector; 6. Varistor; 7. Control chip; 8. Indicator light. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of this practical embodiment more clear, the technical solutions in this practical embodiment are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this practical, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this practical, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this practical.

[0020] The present invention provides an overload protection circuit for a convenient, pluggable PCI-E expansion interface, resolving the technical issues of existing PCI-E expansion interfaces lacking effective overload protection measures and being unable to effectively address electromagnetic interference. In actual use, overload protection for the PCI-E expansion interface is implemented, preventing damage to the interface and connected devices caused by overload. It also effectively addresses electromagnetic interference, improving data transmission stability and device reliability.

[0021] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 , an overload protection circuit for a convenient plug-in PCI-E expansion interface, comprising: a PCI-E expansion interface module 1; a power monitoring chip 2, connected to the power input line on the PCI-E expansion interface module 1, the power monitoring chip 2 being used to monitor the power consumption of the PCI-E expansion interface module 1 in real time; a fast fuse 3, connected to the power input line after the power monitoring chip 2, quickly cutting off the circuit in the event of a severe overload or short circuit; a recoverable overcurrent protector 5, connected to the power input line, automatically disconnecting when the current is too large, and automatically resuming conduction after the fault is eliminated; a control chip 7, connected to the output pin of the power monitoring chip 2, and the output pin of the control chip 7 is connected to the control pin of the recoverable overcurrent protector 5, the control chip 7 being used to receive the signal of the power monitoring chip 2 and control the disconnection action of the recoverable overcurrent protector 5.

[0023] The PCI-E expansion interface module 1 serves as the core connection part of the entire system, providing an interface for high-speed data transmission and power connection for external devices; the power monitoring chip 2 connected to it monitors the power consumption of the PCI-E expansion interface module 1 in real time, providing a data basis for subsequent protection mechanisms, so as to detect power anomalies in time; when a serious overload or short circuit occurs, the fast fuse 3 quickly cuts off the circuit to prevent excessive current from causing irreversible damage to the entire system; the recoverable overcurrent protector 5 automatically disconnects when the current is too large, and automatically resumes conduction after the fault is eliminated, protecting the circuit from excessive current shocks; the control chip 7 receives the signal from the power monitoring chip 2, and controls the disconnection action of the recoverable overcurrent protector 5 according to the signal, thereby realizing intelligent protection of the circuit.

[0024] The electromagnetic interference filter 4 is connected to the power input line. The electromagnetic interference filter 4 is located after the fast fuse 3 and is used to filter out external electromagnetic interference signals.

[0025] The electromagnetic interference filter 4 is connected to the power input line and is located after the fast fuse 3 to filter out external electromagnetic interference signals, providing a relatively clean electromagnetic environment for the PCI-E expansion interface module 1 and other circuit components, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0026] The varistor 6 is connected to the power input line and in parallel with the PCI-E expansion interface module 1 to protect the PCI-E expansion interface module 1 when an overvoltage surge occurs.

[0027] The varistor 6 is connected to the power input line in parallel with the PCI-E expansion interface module 1. When an overvoltage surge occurs, the varistor 6 shunts the overvoltage to the ground, protecting the PCI-E expansion interface module 1 and other circuit components from damage due to excessive voltage.

[0028] The indicator light 8 is connected to the output pin of the control chip 7 and is used to indicate the working status of the circuit.

[0029] The indicator light 8 is connected to the output pin of the control chip 7, and indicates the working status of the circuit through different colors or flashing modes, such as normal operation, overload protection or fault, etc., providing the user with intuitive feedback on the system operation status.

[0030] The detection resistor 201 is connected between the current detection pin of the power monitoring chip 2 and the power input line. The detection resistor 201 is used to assist the power monitoring chip 2 in current detection.

[0031] The detection resistor 201 is connected between the current detection pin of the power monitoring chip 2 and the power input line, assisting the power monitoring chip 2 in current detection. By generating a voltage drop proportional to the current, the power monitoring chip 2 can accurately measure the current value and provide key data for calculating power consumption.

[0032] One end of the varistor 6 is connected to the power input line, and the other end is grounded. The positive electrode of the indicator light 8 is connected to the output pin of the control chip 7, and the negative electrode is grounded.

[0033] One end of the varistor 6 is connected to the power input line and the other end is grounded to ensure effective shunting during overvoltage surges; the positive pole of the indicator light 8 is connected to the output pin of the control chip 7 and the negative pole is grounded. Its on and off state is controlled by the control chip 7 to reflect the working status of the system.

[0034] The input pin of the electromagnetic interference filter 4 is connected to the fast fuse 3 , and the output pin of the electromagnetic interference filter 4 is connected to the recoverable overcurrent protector 5 .

[0035] The input pin of the electromagnetic interference filter 4 is connected to the fast fuse 3 to receive the power input signal passing through the fast fuse 3, and the output pin is connected to the recoverable overcurrent protector 5 to transmit the filtered power signal to the subsequent circuit to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference on the entire system.

[0036] The power input pin and the voltage detection pin on the power monitoring chip 2 are both connected to the power input circuit.

[0037] The power input pin and voltage detection pin on the power monitoring chip 2 are both connected to the power input line, and simultaneously monitor the current and voltage of the power input, accurately calculate the power consumption of the PCI-E expansion interface module 1, and provide accurate data support for the system protection mechanism.

[0038] The recoverable overcurrent protector 5 is connected to the power input pin of the power monitoring chip 2 to implement overcurrent protection for the power monitoring chip 2 itself.

[0039] The recoverable overcurrent protector 5 is connected to the power input pin of the power monitoring chip 2 to realize overcurrent protection of the power monitoring chip 2 itself. When excessive current appears in the circuit, it not only protects the PCI-E expansion interface module 1, but also prevents excessive current from damaging the power monitoring chip 2.

[0040] During use, the PCI-E expansion interface module 1 serves as the core connection part, providing high-speed data transmission and power connection for external devices; the power monitoring chip 2 monitors the power consumption of the PCI-E expansion interface module 1 in real time, providing a data basis for subsequent protection mechanisms; once a power anomaly is detected, the signal will be transmitted to the control chip 7; when a serious overload or short circuit occurs, the fast fuse 3 quickly cuts off the circuit to prevent excessive current from causing irreversible damage to the entire system; at the same time, the recoverable overcurrent protector 5 will automatically disconnect when the current is too large, and automatically resume conduction after the fault is eliminated, further protecting the circuit from excessive current shocks; after the control chip 7 receives the signal from the power monitoring chip 2, it controls the disconnection action of the recoverable overcurrent protector 5 according to the signal to achieve intelligent protection of the circuit; during the entire process, if there is an external electromagnetic interference signal, the circuit connected to the power input The electromagnetic interference filter 4 on the line and located after the fast fuse 3 will filter out these interference signals, provide a relatively clean electromagnetic environment for the system, and improve the stability and reliability of the system; in addition, the varistor 6 is connected to the power input line in parallel with the PCI-E expansion interface module 1. When an overvoltage surge occurs, the overvoltage is diverted to the ground to protect the system from damage due to excessive voltage; the indicator light 8 is connected to the output pin of the control chip 7, and indicates the working status of the circuit through different colors or flashing modes, providing the user with intuitive feedback on the system operation status; the detection resistor 201 is connected between the current detection pin of the power monitoring chip 2 and the power input line, assisting the power monitoring chip 2 in current detection to ensure the accuracy of power monitoring; the recoverable overcurrent protector 5 is also connected to the power input pin of the power monitoring chip 2 to realize overcurrent protection of the power monitoring chip 2 itself.

[0041] The figures shown in the accompanying drawings are example figures, and their purpose is only to more intuitively demonstrate the key structure and connection relationship of the overload protection circuit of a convenient plug-in PCI-E expansion interface of the utility model; in actual application, the appearance and size of the device can be adjusted and optimized according to specific needs, and the various data appearing in the specification are all example data, which serve as a reference and are not absolute limitations on the device; in actual application, the appearance, size and various data of the device can be adjusted and optimized according to specific usage scenarios, equipment requirements and technical conditions and other factors to meet the needs and actual conditions of different users.

[0042] This invention encompasses any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this invention. While specific details are described in detail in the preferred embodiments of this invention to provide a thorough understanding, those skilled in the art will be able to fully understand this invention without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary confusion regarding the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail.

[0043] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An overload protection circuit for a convenient plug-in PCI-E expansion interface, characterized in that: include: PCI-E expansion interface module (1); A power monitoring chip (2) is connected to a power input line on the PCI-E expansion interface module (1), and the power monitoring chip (2) is used to monitor the power consumption of the PCI-E expansion interface module (1) in real time; A fast fuse (3) is connected to the power input line after the power monitoring chip (2) to quickly cut off the circuit in the event of a severe overload or short circuit; A recoverable overcurrent protector (5) is connected to the power input line and automatically disconnects when the current is too large and automatically resumes conduction after the fault is eliminated; A control chip (7) is connected to an output pin of the power monitoring chip (2), and the output pin of the control chip (7) is connected to a control pin of the recoverable overcurrent protector (5). The control chip (7) is used to receive a signal from the power monitoring chip (2) and control the disconnection action of the recoverable overcurrent protector (5).

2. The overload protection circuit of the convenient plug-in PCI-E expansion interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An electromagnetic interference filter (4) is connected to a power input line. The electromagnetic interference filter (4) is located after the fast fuse (3). The electromagnetic interference filter (4) is used to filter out external electromagnetic interference signals.

3. The overload protection circuit of the convenient plug-in PCI-E expansion interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A varistor (6) is connected to a power input line and is connected in parallel with the PCI-E expansion interface module (1) to protect the PCI-E expansion interface module (1) when an overvoltage surge occurs.

4. The overload protection circuit of the convenient plug-in PCI-E expansion interface according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: The indicator light (8) is connected to the output pin of the control chip (7) and is used to indicate the working status of the circuit.

5. The overload protection circuit of the convenient plug-in PCI-E expansion interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A detection resistor (201) is connected between a current detection pin of a power monitoring chip (2) and a power input line, and the detection resistor (201) is used to assist the power monitoring chip (2) in performing current detection.

6. The overload protection circuit of the convenient pluggable PCI-E expansion interface according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the varistor (6) is connected to the power input line, and the other end is grounded; the positive electrode of the indicator light (8) is connected to the output pin of the control chip (7), and the negative electrode is grounded.

7. The overload protection circuit of the convenient pluggable PCI-E expansion interface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The input pin of the electromagnetic interference filter (4) is connected to the fast fuse (3), and the output pin of the electromagnetic interference filter (4) is connected to the recoverable overcurrent protector (5).

8. The overload protection circuit of the convenient pluggable PCI-E expansion interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power input pin and the voltage detection pin on the power monitoring chip (2) are both connected to the power input circuit.

9. The overload protection circuit of the convenient pluggable PCI-E expansion interface according to claim 8, characterized in that: The recoverable overcurrent protector (5) is connected to the power input pin of the power monitoring chip (2) to achieve overcurrent protection for the power monitoring chip (2) itself.

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