Motor control protection circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of DC brush motor protection, and provides a motor control protection circuit comprising a sampling circuit connected in parallel with a motor, a control module, a switch module and a motor driving module. The sampling end of the control module is connected with the sampling circuit, and the output end of the control module is connected with the switch module; the switch module is connected in series between a power supply input end and the motor driving module, and the motor driving module is electrically connected with the motor and the sampling circuit. According to the utility model, the sampling circuit is connected in parallel at the two ends of the motor to detect the input current of the motor in real time, so that the locked-rotor can be timely fed back to the control module after the locked-rotor occurs, and the control module drives the switch module to cut off the power input to the motor driving module, thereby cutting off the motor input. The motor is protected from being damaged, the system safety is improved, the system performance is optimized, and the service life of the motor is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of DC brushed motor protection, in particular to a motor control protection circuit. Background Art

[0002] A brushed DC motor is a type of DC motor with fixed main magnetic poles and brushes mounted on the stator, and armature windings and a commutator mounted on the rotor. Electric energy from a DC power source flows through the brushes and commutator into the armature windings, generating armature current. The magnetic field generated by the armature current interacts with the main magnetic field to produce electromagnetic torque, which rotates the motor and drives the load.

[0003] Motors are widely used in various industrial fields. However, motors may become stalled due to various reasons. In this stalled state, the motor current increases sharply, causing the motor to overheat or even be damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to detect and protect the motor from stalling during operation.

[0004] Brushed DC motors are widely used due to their low price, simple control, and easy maintenance. However, when an abnormality occurs in existing brushed DC motors, they typically rely on either software or hardware protection. Both software and hardware protections can cause circuit failures due to failure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The utility model provides a motor control protection circuit, which solves the technical problems of the existing motor protection structure being complex, high cost and low motor safety.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a motor control protection circuit, including a sampling circuit connected in parallel with the motor, and also including a control module, a switch module and a motor drive module; the sampling end of the control module is connected to the sampling circuit, and the output end is connected to the switch module; the switch module is connected in series between the power input end and the motor drive module, and the motor drive module is electrically connected to the motor and the sampling circuit.

[0007] This basic solution connects sampling circuits in parallel at both ends of the motor to detect the motor input current in real time. After a stall occurs, it can provide timely feedback to the control module, which then drives the switch module to disconnect the power input to the motor drive module, thereby disconnecting the motor input, protecting the motor from damage, improving system safety, optimizing system performance, and extending motor life.

[0008] In a further embodiment, the sampling circuit includes a first sampling resistor RS1, a second sampling resistor RS2, a third sampling resistor RS3 and a first capacitor C1; one end of the first sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the first input terminal of the motor, and the other end is grounded through the third sampling resistor RS3; one end of the second sampling resistor RS2 is connected to the second input terminal of the motor, and the other end is grounded through the third sampling resistor RS3; the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the third sampling resistor R3.

[0009] This solution uses a simple series-parallel resistor combination to monitor the motor's operating current in real time, thereby determining whether the motor is stalled. Upon stall protection, the AC motor power supply is disconnected. The sampling resistors are relatively inexpensive, and no complex sensors or controllers are required, making them very simple to install and use. This reduces the overall cost of the detection system.

[0010] In a further implementation scheme, the motor drive module includes a motor drive chip U1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a second capacitor C2; the input terminal IN1 of the motor drive chip is connected to the switch module through the first resistor R1, the input terminal IN2 is connected to the switch module through the second resistor R2, and the output terminal OUT1 and the output terminal OUT2 are respectively connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the motor; the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the motor.

[0011] The motor driver chip U1 in this solution uses advanced electronic technology and control algorithms to precisely control the motor's parameters and operating status, thereby improving the motor's efficiency and accuracy. This not only enhances the motor's performance but also ensures its stable operation under various operating conditions.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the switch module includes a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a third resistor R3 to a sixth resistor R6, a third capacitor C1 and a fourth capacitor C2;

[0013] The first end of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the power input end, the second end is connected to the motor drive module, and the control end is connected to the first end of the second switch tube Q2 through the fourth resistor R4; the two ends of the third resistor R3 are respectively connected to the first end and the control end of the first switch tube Q1; the third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the third resistor R3;

[0014] The second end of the second switch tube Q2 is grounded, and the control end is connected to the control module through the fifth resistor R5; the two ends of the sixth resistor R6 are respectively connected to the first end and the control end of the second switch tube Q2; the fourth capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the sixth resistor R6.

[0015] In a further embodiment, the first switch tube Q1 is an N-channel MOS tube or a P-channel MOS tube.

[0016] In a further embodiment, the second switch tube Q2 is an NPN transistor or a PNP transistor.

[0017] This solution combines transistors with MOS transistors. The transistors are used to control the on and off of the MOS transistors, while the MOS transistors are used to control high-voltage or high-power loads. This achieves precise control of the output voltage and current, provides stable control signals, and can withstand high current loads with low power consumption.

[0018] In a further embodiment, an indication module is further included. The indication module includes at least one LED lamp. The LED lamp is connected to the output end of the switch module and the other end is grounded.

[0019] This solution provides indicator lights to help users intuitively understand the operating status of the equipment, thereby avoiding misoperation or unnecessary risks.

[0020] In a further embodiment, the control module includes an MCU. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a system framework diagram of a motor control protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial hardware circuit diagram provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial hardware circuit diagram provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Among them: sampling circuit 1, control module 2, switch module 3, motor drive module 4, indication module 5, motor P. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following describes the implementation methods of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. The accompanying drawings are provided for reference and illustration purposes only and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of patent protection of the present invention, because many changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0026] The present invention provides a motor control protection circuit, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, it includes a sampling circuit 1 connected in parallel with the motor P, and also includes a control module 2, a switch module 3 and a motor drive module 4; the sampling end of the control module 2 is connected to the sampling circuit 1, and the output end is connected to the switch module 3; the switch module 3 is connected in series between the power input end VIN and the motor drive module 4, and the motor drive module 4 is electrically connected to the motor P and the sampling circuit 1.

[0027] In this embodiment, the sampling circuit 1 includes a first sampling resistor RS1, a second sampling resistor RS2, a third sampling resistor RS3, and a first capacitor C1; one end of the first sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the first input terminal of the motor P, and the other end is grounded through the third sampling resistor RS3; one end of the second sampling resistor RS2 is connected to the second input terminal of the motor P, and the other end is grounded through the third sampling resistor RS3; the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the third sampling resistor R3.

[0028] This embodiment uses a simple series-parallel resistor combination to monitor the operating current of the motor P in real time, thereby determining whether the motor P is stalled. Upon stall protection, the AC power supply to the motor P is disconnected. The sampling resistors are relatively inexpensive, and no complex sensors or controllers are required. Installation and use are simple, thus reducing the cost of the overall detection system.

[0029] In this embodiment, the motor drive module 4 includes a motor drive chip U1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a second capacitor C2; the input terminal IN1 of the motor drive chip is connected to the switch module 3 through the first resistor R1, and the input terminal IN2 is connected to the switch module 3 (such as Figure 3 The output terminal OUT1 and the output terminal OUT2 are connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the motor P respectively; the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the motor P respectively.

[0030] The motor driver chip U1 in this embodiment uses advanced electronic technology and control algorithms to precisely control the parameters and operating status of the motor P, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the motor P. This not only improves the performance of the motor P but also ensures its stable operation under various operating conditions.

[0031] In this embodiment, the switch module 3 includes a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a third resistor R3 to a sixth resistor R6, a third capacitor C1 and a fourth capacitor C2;

[0032] The first end of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the power input end, the second end is connected to the motor drive module 4, and the control end is connected to the first end of the second switch tube Q2 through the fourth resistor R4; the two ends of the third resistor R3 are respectively connected to the first end and the control end of the first switch tube Q1; the third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the third resistor R3;

[0033] The second end of the second switch tube Q2 is grounded, and the control end is connected to the control module 2 through the fifth resistor R5; the two ends of the sixth resistor R6 are respectively connected to the first end and the control end of the second switch tube Q2; the fourth capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the sixth resistor R6.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first switch tube Q1 is an N-channel MOS tube or a P-channel MOS tube.

[0035] In this embodiment, the second switch tube Q2 is an NPN transistor or a PNP transistor.

[0036] This embodiment combines a triode with a MOS transistor. The triode is used to control the on / off state of the MOS transistor, while the MOS transistor is used to control high-voltage or high-power loads. This achieves precise control of the output voltage and current, provides a stable control signal, and can withstand high current loads with low power consumption.

[0037] In this embodiment, an indication module 5 is further included. The indication module 5 includes at least one LED lamp. The LED lamp is connected to the output end of the switch module 3 and the other end is grounded.

[0038] This embodiment provides an indicator light so that the user can intuitively understand the operating status of the device, thereby avoiding misoperation or unnecessary risks.

[0039] In this embodiment, the control module 2 includes an MCU or a single-chip microcomputer. For example, the MCU included in the motor control system or the MCU originally installed in the device. Taking the motor P as a DC brushed motor as an example, the working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0040] The control module 2 outputs a low level to the first switch tube Q1, the first switch tube Q1 is turned on, the second switch tube Q2 is turned on, the motor drive chip U1 is powered on, and the LED light of the indicator module 5 is lit.

[0041] When the input terminal IN2 of the motor driver chip U1 is at a low level and the input terminal IN1 is at a high level, its output terminal OUT2 outputs 24V and the output terminal OUT1 outputs 0V, and the motor P rotates. At the same time, the second sampling resistor RS2 and the third sampling resistor RS3 divide the voltage, and a voltage signal is obtained at the ADC sampling terminal. If the motor P is blocked for some reason, the output terminals OUT2 and OUT1 of the motor driver chip U1 are in a high-impedance state at the same time, so that the signal of the motor driver chip U1 becomes 0. At this time, the control module 2 detects and then adjusts the drive signals of the input terminals IN2 and IN1 (such as Figure 2 Knead-PWM2 and Knead-PWM1) effectively protect the motor P from being damaged and prevent fire caused by heating of the motor coil.

[0042] Alternatively, the control module 2 outputs a low level to the first switch tube Q1, the first switch tube Q1 is turned off, the second switch tube Q2 is turned off, the power input is cut off, the circuit is protected, and the LED light of the indicator module 5 is turned off.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, a sampling circuit 1 is connected in parallel at both ends of the motor to detect the motor input current in real time, and then timely feedback can be given to the control module 2 after a stall occurs. Then, the control module 2 drives the switch module 3 to disconnect the power input to the motor drive module 4, thereby disconnecting the motor input, protecting the motor from damage, improving system safety, optimizing system performance and extending the life of the motor.

[0044] The above embodiments are preferred implementation methods of the present invention, but the implementation methods of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered as equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor control protection circuit, characterized in that: The motor drive module includes a sampling circuit connected in parallel with the motor, a control module, a switch module and a motor drive module; the sampling terminal of the control module is connected to the sampling circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the switch module; the switch module is connected in series between the power input terminal and the motor drive module, and the motor drive module is electrically connected to the motor and the sampling circuit; The sampling circuit includes a first sampling resistor RS1, a second sampling resistor RS2, a third sampling resistor RS3, and a first capacitor C1; one end of the first sampling resistor RS1 is connected to the first input end of the motor, and the other end is grounded through the third sampling resistor RS3; one end of the second sampling resistor RS2 is connected to the second input end of the motor, and the other end is grounded through the third sampling resistor RS3; the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the third sampling resistor R3.

2. The motor control protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The motor drive module includes a motor drive chip U1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2 and a second capacitor C2; the input end IN1 of the motor drive chip is connected to the switch module through the first resistor R1, the input end IN2 is connected to the switch module through the second resistor R2, the output end OUT1 and the output end OUT2 are respectively connected to the first input end and the second input end of the motor; the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the first input end and the second input end of the motor.

3. The motor control protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The switch module includes a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a third resistor R3 to a sixth resistor R6, a third capacitor C1 and a fourth capacitor C2; The first end of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the power input end, the second end is connected to the motor drive module, and the control end is connected to the first end of the second switch tube Q2 through the fourth resistor R4; the two ends of the third resistor R3 are respectively connected to the first end and the control end of the first switch tube Q1; the third capacitor C3 is connected in parallel with the third resistor R3; The second end of the second switch tube Q2 is grounded, and the control end is connected to the control module through the fifth resistor R5; the two ends of the sixth resistor R6 are respectively connected to the first end and the control end of the second switch tube Q2; the fourth capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the sixth resistor R6.

4. The motor control protection circuit according to claim 3, wherein: The first switch tube Q1 is an N-channel MOS tube or a P-channel MOS tube.

5. The motor control protection circuit according to claim 3, wherein: The second switch tube Q2 is an NPN transistor or a PNP transistor.

6. The motor control protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an indication module, which includes at least one LED lamp. The LED lamp is connected to the output end of the switch module and the other end is grounded.

7. The motor control protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The control module includes an MCU.

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