Vascular puncture sheath convenient to fix and turn and vascular puncture device

Abstract

The utility model provides a blood vessel puncture sheath convenient to fix and turn. The blood vessel puncture sheath comprises a puncture seat; the inner sheathing canal is communicated with the lower end of the puncture seat; the outer sheath tube is movably arranged on the outer side of the inner sheath tube in a sleeving manner; the metal support is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the outer sheath tube; wherein a cavity is formed between the inner sheath tube and the outer sheath tube, a plurality of through holes communicated with the cavity are formed in the tube wall of the outer sheath tube, the metal support comprises a plurality of memory metal wires, the lower ends of the memory metal wires are fixed to the outer wall of the outer sheath tube, and the upper ends of the memory metal wires penetrate into the cavity through the corresponding through holes and are connected to the tube wall of the inner sheath tube; an adjusting mechanism located above the metal support is further arranged in the cavity, and the outer sheath tube moves relative to the inner sheath tube so as to drive the adjusting mechanism to control the metal support to be unfolded or folded. The puncture sheath can be prevented from being separated from a blood vessel in an operation, so that the stability of the puncture sheath in the blood vessel is improved, and a clinician is assisted in operating a guide wire to steer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a blood vessel puncture sheath which is convenient for fixing and turning. Background Art

[0002] Vascular puncture sheath is a medical device used for vascular puncture. Its main function is to establish a surgical channel from the skin to the blood vessels, so that surgical instruments such as catheters and guide wires can enter the blood vessels and reach the lesion site.

[0003] At present, common vascular puncture sheaths have many problems during the surgical process. For example, it is difficult for the sheath to remain stably punctured in the blood vessel during the operation, and the sheath often falls off during the operation, which requires medical staff to perform a second puncture on the patient, increasing the difficulty of the operation, the incidence of puncture complications, and harm to the patient; in addition, when it is necessary to treat blood vessels in different directions / locations very close to the same end of the blood vessel and it is difficult to select the target blood vessel, or when it is necessary to perform surgery on the other end of the vascular sheath, the existing vascular sheath cannot be adjusted in direction. At this time, a second puncture is required to point the vascular puncture sheath to the target blood vessel, which also increases the difficulty of the operation, the risk of puncture complications, and harm to the patient; many times, the specificity and difficulty of the anatomy lead to the failure of the puncture, which will affect the outcome of the entire operation.

[0004] Secondly, due to the poor stability of the sheath in the blood vessel, when the clinician inserts the guidewire or other introduction and delivery devices used for vascular intervention into the sheath and during the delivery process, the guidewire or other introduction and delivery devices will inevitably come into contact with the sheath, thereby causing the sheath to move. This phenomenon further increases the difficulty for the clinician to operate the guidewire or other introduction and delivery devices to turn, making the operation process longer and requiring higher surgical experience from the clinician. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn, which can prevent the puncture sheath from being separated from the blood vessel during surgery, thereby improving the stability of the puncture sheath in the blood vessel, and further assisting clinical physicians in operating the guide wire to turn and facilitate entry into the target blood vessel.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A vascular puncture sheath that is convenient for fixation and steering, comprising:

[0008] puncture seat;

[0009] An inner sheath tube is connected to the lower end of the puncture seat;

[0010] The outer sheath is movably mounted on the outer side of the inner sheath;

[0011] A metal stent is fixed to the lower end of the outer sheath tube and is used to fix the outer sheath tube in the blood vessel;

[0012] There is a longitudinally extending chamber between the inner sheath tube and the outer sheath tube, a plurality of through holes communicating with the chamber are provided on the wall of the outer sheath tube, and the metal bracket includes a plurality of memory metal wires, the lower ends of the memory metal wires are fixed to the outer wall of the outer sheath tube, and the upper ends thereof penetrate into the chamber through the corresponding through holes and are connected to the wall of the inner sheath tube;

[0013] The chamber is also provided with an adjustment mechanism located above the metal stent. The outer sheath moves relative to the inner sheath, thereby driving the adjustment mechanism to control the expansion or contraction of the metal stent.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. Through the relative sliding between the outer and inner sheaths and the cooperation of the adjustment mechanism located in the chamber, the metal stent can be expanded or contracted within the blood vessel according to surgical needs. When the metal stent is deployed, it is tightly pressed against the blood vessel, preventing the outer sheath from detaching from the blood vessel during surgery, making it easier for clinicians to operate the guidewire for steering. When the metal stent is contracted, it is no longer in contact with the blood vessel, allowing clinicians to quickly withdraw the sheath from the blood vessel, thereby improving surgical efficiency.

[0016] 2. Through the engagement of the ratchet and the pawl, the outer sheath can only rotate in one direction relative to the inner sheath, thereby controlling the metal stent to be deployed step by step in the blood vessel to adapt to different blood vessel diameters and firmly fix the sheath in the blood vessel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn according to the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of deploying a metal stent in an embodiment of a vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn;

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The forward structural diagram of

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The forward structural diagram of

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Structural cross-section of

[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure of part A;

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure of part B;

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 Bottom view of

[0025] Figure 9 yes Figure 2 Bottom view of

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structural contraction of the metal bracket of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the metal bracket of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 12 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the regulating mechanism in use;

[0029] Figure 13 yes Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of the regulating mechanism in use;

[0030] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Structural cross-sectional view of the adjustment mechanism;

[0031] Figure 15 This is a simplified structural diagram of the elastic coating of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of a blood vessel puncture device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 17 It is a structural schematic diagram of the puncture core rod of the utility model.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 puncture seat, 101 handle, 102 liquid inlet tube, 2 inner sheath, 201 annular ridge, 3 outer sheath, 301 through hole, 4 metal bracket, 401 memory wire, 5 chamber, 6 adjustment mechanism, 61 ratchet, 62 pawl, 7 elastic coating, 8 puncture core rod, 81 puncture rod, 82 holding handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0036] like Figure 1-14 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn, provided by the present invention:

[0037] A vascular puncture sheath that is convenient for fixation and steering, comprising:

[0038] Puncture seat 1;

[0039] The inner sheath 2 is connected to the lower end of the puncture seat 1;

[0040] The outer sheath 3 is movably mounted on the outer side of the inner sheath 2;

[0041] The metal stent 4 is fixed to the lower end of the outer sheath 3 and is used to fix the outer sheath 3 in the blood vessel;

[0042] Among them, there is a longitudinally extending chamber 5 between the inner sheath tube 2 and the outer sheath tube 3, and a plurality of through holes 301 communicating with the chamber 5 are provided on the wall of the outer sheath tube 3. The metal bracket 4 includes a plurality of memory metal wires 401, and the lower ends of the memory metal wires 401 are fixed to the outer wall of the outer sheath tube 3, and the upper ends thereof penetrate into the chamber 5 through the corresponding through holes 301 and are connected to the wall of the inner sheath tube 2;

[0043] The chamber 5 is further provided with an adjustment mechanism 6 located above the metal stent 4 . The outer sheath 3 moves relative to the inner sheath 2 , thereby driving the adjustment mechanism 6 to control the expansion or contraction of the metal stent 4 .

[0044] The outer sheath tube 3 can slide up and down and rotate circumferentially relative to the inner sheath tube 2 . An annular ridge 201 is extended outward from the outer wall of the inner sheath tube 2 to prevent the outer sheath tube 3 from excessively sliding.

[0045] The upper end of the outer wall of the outer sheath tube 3 is surrounded by a circle of anti-skid patterns to increase friction and facilitate the rotation of the outer sheath tube 3.

[0046] An elastic sealing ring is also provided on the upper end surface of the annular protrusion 201 to prevent blood from entering the chamber 5 .

[0047] The adjustment mechanism 6 includes a ratchet 61 arranged on the outer wall of the inner sheath 2 and a pawl 62 fixed on the inner wall of the outer sheath 3;

[0048] The pawl 62 can engage or disengage with the ratchet 61 as the outer sheath tube 3 slides up and down. When the pawl 62 engages with the ratchet 61, the outer sheath tube 3 can rotate unidirectionally relative to the inner sheath tube 2 to gradually expand the metal bracket 4. When the pawl 62 disengages from the ratchet 61, the outer sheath tube 3 can rotate bidirectionally relative to the inner sheath tube 2 to reversely rotate and contract the metal bracket 4.

[0049] The ratchet 62 and the outer sheath 3 are integrally formed.

[0050] like Figure 14 As shown, there are two pairs of ratchet pawls 62 , which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the outer sheath tube 3 .

[0051] The ratchet 61 and the inner sheath 2 are integrally formed.

[0052] In certain embodiments, as Figure 15 As shown, an elastic coating 7 is connected between the middle sections of each adjacent memory metal wire 401. The elastic coating 7 can be deformed synergistically with the expansion or contraction of the metal bracket 4. The distance between the upper end of the memory metal wire 401 and the elastic coating 7 should not be less than the maximum distance that the outer sheath 3 slides up and down relative to the inner sheath 2, so that the upper end of the memory metal wire 401 can smoothly enter the chamber 5 through the through hole 301.

[0053] The through hole 301 and the memory metal wire 401 are clearance-fitted, and a sealing process is performed between the through hole 301 and the memory metal wire 401 .

[0054] A plurality of memory metal wires 401 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the outer sheath tube 3 .

[0055] The initial shape of the memory wire 401 is relative to the outer sheath 3, as shown in FIG. Figure 11 As shown, the middle section is curved outward, and a plurality of memory metal wires 401 are arranged circumferentially and spaced apart along the outer wall of the outer sheath tube 3 to form a flat disc-shaped metal bracket 4;

[0056] Before the outer sheath 3 is inserted into the patient's blood vessel, the ratchet 61 and the pawl 62 should be disengaged, and the outer sheath 3 should be rotated in the opposite direction relative to the unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet 61 and the pawl 62, so that the memory wire 401 is spirally wound on the outer wall of the outer sheath 3. When the ratchet 61 and the pawl 62 are engaged and rotated unidirectionally, several memory wires 401 can be elastically restored to their initial shape step by step as the outer sheath 3 continues to rotate relative to the inner sheath 2, thereby gradually adjusting the degree of deployment of the metal stent 4 according to the blood vessel diameter of different patients.

[0057] A handle 101 for easy gripping is provided on the left outer wall of the puncture seat 1 , and a liquid inlet tube 102 communicating with the puncture seat 1 is provided on the right outer wall of the puncture seat 1 .

[0058] The liquid inlet tube 102 is connected to an external pipeline and is used to transport drugs (such as heparin and other anti-thrombotic drugs) into the inner sheath tube 2.

[0059] like Figure 16-17 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a vascular puncture device according to the present invention, which includes the aforementioned vascular puncture sheath for facilitating fixation and steering and a puncture core rod 8;

[0060] The puncture core rod 8 includes a longitudinally extending puncture rod 81 and a gripping handle 82 fixed to the upper end of the puncture rod 81. The puncture rod 81 penetrates from the upper end of the puncture seat 1 and exits from the lower end of the inner sheath 2. The lower end of the puncture rod 81 is a conical structure. The puncture core rod 8 is provided with a longitudinally extending channel for accommodating the insertion of a guide wire.

[0061] The utility model provides a vascular puncture sheath and a puncture core rod that are easy to fix and turn. The method of using the puncture core rod together is roughly as follows:

[0062] The clinician selects a suitable puncture point on the patient and selectively cuts the skin at the puncture point according to the actual situation, and then inserts the puncture sheath with the puncture core rod 8 and the guide wire into the blood vessel (at this time, Figure 10 As shown, the metal stent 4 should be in a contracted state, and each memory metal wire 401 is spirally wound around the outer wall of the outer sheath 3, and as shown in FIG. Figure 12 As shown, the ratchet 61 and the pawl 62 are in the disengaged state), under the guidance of the guide wire, the puncture core rod 8 and the puncture sheath smoothly enter the patient's blood vessel, and then withdraw the puncture core rod 8. The clinician pushes the outer sheath tube 3 outside the patient's body so that the outer sheath tube 3 slides downward relative to the inner sheath tube 2 (at this time, as shown in FIG. Figure 13 As shown, the ratchet 61 and the pawl 62 are in meshing state, and the outer sheath tube 3 can only rotate in one direction relative to the inner sheath tube 2). Then, by continuously rotating the outer sheath tube 3 in one direction, the memory metal wire 401 spirally wound on the outer wall of the outer sheath tube 3 is elastically restored step by step, thereby unfolding the metal stent 4 and pressing it tightly against the inner wall of the patient's blood vessel, so that the outer sheath tube 3 is reliably fixed in the patient's blood vessel, so that the clinician can operate the guide wire in the lumen of the inner sheath tube 2 for steering or operate other surgical instruments for surgery. After the surgery is completed, the clinician pulls the outer sheath tube 3 outside the patient's body, so that the outer sheath tube 3 slides upward relative to the inner sheath tube 2 (at this time, the ratchet 61 and the pawl 62 are disengaged, and the outer sheath Tube 3 can rotate freely in the circumferential direction relative to the inner sheath tube 2), and then, relative to the unidirectional rotation direction of the ratchet 61 and the pawl 62, the outer sheath tube 3 is rotated in the opposite direction, so that the memory metal wire 401 is spirally wound around the outer wall of the outer sheath tube 3 again. At this time, the puncture sheath is withdrawn from the patient's body or the puncture sheath is pulled out until the bottom end of the puncture sheath is located at the puncture port. According to the above operation, the metal stent 4 is unfolded so that the metal stent 4 is fixedly supported at the puncture port, and the puncture sheath is fixed and remains in the blood vessel to avoid secondary puncture of the puncture sheath. Then, the guide wire is inserted and extended toward the other end of the blood vessel. Then, the metal stent 4 is retracted and the puncture sheath is extended along the direction of the guide wire to facilitate surgery on the other end of the blood vessel.

[0063] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn, characterized in that: It includes: Puncture seat (1); An inner sheath (2) is connected to the lower end of the puncture seat (1); An outer sheath tube (3) is movably sheathed on the outer side of the inner sheath tube (2); A metal stent (4) is fixed to the lower end of the outer sheath tube (3) and is used to fix the outer sheath tube (3) in the blood vessel; A longitudinally extending chamber (5) is provided between the inner sheath tube (2) and the outer sheath tube (3); a plurality of through holes (301) communicating with the chamber (5) are provided on the tube wall of the outer sheath tube (3); the metal bracket (4) comprises a plurality of memory metal wires (401); the lower ends of the memory metal wires (401) are fixed on the outer wall of the outer sheath tube (3); the upper ends of the memory metal wires (401) penetrate into the chamber (5) through the corresponding through holes (301) and are connected to the tube wall of the inner sheath tube (2); The chamber (5) is further provided with an adjustment mechanism (6) located above the metal stent (4); the outer sheath tube (3) moves relative to the inner sheath tube (2), thereby driving the adjustment mechanism (6) to control the expansion or contraction of the metal stent (4).

2. The vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sheath tube (3) can slide up and down and rotate circumferentially relative to the inner sheath tube (2), and an annular convex edge (201) is extended outward from the outer wall of the inner sheath tube (2) to prevent the outer sheath tube (3) from excessively sliding.

3. The vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism (6) comprises ratchet teeth (61) arranged around the outer wall of the inner sheath tube (2) and ratchet claws (62) fixed on the inner wall of the outer sheath tube (3); The ratchet (62) can be engaged with or disengaged from the ratchet (61) as the outer sheath (3) slides up and down. When the ratchet (62) is engaged with the ratchet (61), the outer sheath (3) can be rotated unidirectionally relative to the inner sheath (2) to gradually expand the metal bracket (4). When the ratchet (62) is disengaged from the ratchet (61), the outer sheath (3) can be rotated bidirectionally relative to the inner sheath (2) to reversely rotate and contract the metal bracket (4).

4. The vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle sections of adjacent memory metal wires (401) are connected with elastic coatings (7).

5. The vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole (301) and the memory metal wire (401) are clearance-fitted.

6. The vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of memory metal wires (401) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the outer sheath tube (3).

7. The vascular puncture sheath that is easy to fix and turn according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle portion (101) for easy gripping is provided on the left outer wall of the puncture seat (1), and a liquid inlet pipe (102) in communication with the puncture seat (1) is provided on the right outer wall of the puncture seat (1).

8. A blood vessel puncture device, characterized in that: It comprises a vascular puncture sheath and a puncture core rod (8) that are easy to fix and turn according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The puncture core rod (8) comprises a longitudinally extending puncture rod (81) and a gripping handle (82) fixed to the upper end of the puncture rod (81). The puncture rod (81) is inserted from the upper end of the puncture seat (1) and exits from the lower end of the inner sheath tube (2). The lower end of the puncture rod (81) is a conical structure. The puncture core rod (8) is provided with a longitudinally extending channel for accommodating the insertion of a guide wire.

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