Elevator transmission mechanism with anti-falling protection function

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of elevator speed limiting protection devices, and discloses an elevator transmission mechanism with an anti-falling protection function, which is characterized in that a motor body, a brake body, a transmission frame, a speed reducer, a transmission plate, a weighing sensing pin and a motor main shaft form a transmission mechanism body; a transmission plate is mounted in the transmission frame, a lug plate is mounted on one side of the transmission frame, and a weighing sensing pin is mounted on the lug plate; the other end of the motor body is provided with an outer spline sleeve; an inner spline sleeve is sleeved on the outer spline sleeve, flail block seats in sliding fit with flail blocks are uniformly distributed on the inner spline sleeve, the flail blocks are tightly pressed on the inner spline sleeve through tension springs, and friction plates are fixed on the flail blocks; a friction shell is fixedly arranged on a rear end cover of the motor body, a gap is formed between the friction plate and the inner wall of the friction shell, and self-adaptive safety protection is formed. Two linkage devices are arranged on the friction shell in an axial symmetry mode, a pressure plate is arranged on the flail block, and linkage type safety protection is formed. The device is low in manufacturing cost, and drives a load to fall safely in a dynamic balance mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of elevator speed limiting protection devices, in particular to an elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection. Background Art

[0002] Rack and pinion elevators are the most widely used elevators. The introduction and widespread application of intelligent elevators in recent years has led to significant progress in elevator technology and performance, effectively promoting product updates and iterations. Currently, the applications of intelligent elevators include intelligent passenger and cargo elevators, intelligent material elevators, and intelligent industrial elevators. The operating characteristics of intelligent elevators are that they use modern sensing and monitoring technology to safely lift the load vertically off the ground through an automatic control system without human intervention, and achieve precise vertical positioning at high altitudes (or automatic leveling). However, the unmanned operation of intelligent elevators weakens the ability of professional operators to track equipment operation on-site and diagnose faults in real time, objectively giving rise to two important issues: fall prevention safety technical guarantees and the safe handling of sudden faults.

[0003] (1) Problems with existing methods for handling sudden elevator failures

[0004] During the operation of intelligent elevators, sudden equipment failures are often inevitable. The cage carrying the load is far away from the ground and cannot operate due to the failure. At this time, the elevator needs to be quickly lowered to the ground for emergency escape of the passengers and unloading and maintenance. Currently, there are only three ways to return to the ground:

[0005] ① If it is an unmanned material lift or intelligent lift, professional maintenance personnel must climb from the ground through the lift standard section to the top of the lift cage, use the manual release handle of the motor brake, intermittently manually open the brake, and slowly lower the cage and load from a height to the ground in sections.

[0006] ② If the passenger and cargo lift is driven by a professional, the professional is required to climb through the skylight inside the elevator cage to the top of the cage, and also use the manual release handle of the motor brake to manually open the brake intermittently, and then slowly lower the cage and load from a height to the ground in sections.

[0007] ③The latest generation of unmanned intelligent elevators is equipped with a high-power emergency backup power supply. When the main power supply suddenly fails, the backup power supply is activated to access the power control system and safely return the cage and load to the ground.

[0008] Of the three methods mentioned above for returning the load to the ground in the event of a fault, methods 1 and 2 are clumsy, slow, outdated, and unsafe. They also cause significant frictional wear on the brake, shortening its service life at best and potentially introducing new safety hazards. While method 3 achieves return function through a backup power supply and power system, the higher-power backup power supply increases the weight and cost of the equipment. Furthermore, this method has limitations and can only be applied in the event of a power outage and without any other faults in the power control system. If the fault occurs due to a failure of electronic control components, inverters, or motors, the return function will not be achieved.

[0009] (2) Insufficient issues with the current anti-fall safety devices used in elevators

[0010] At present, the only safety device used for anti-fall safety protection of rack and pinion elevators is called a progressive anti-fall safety device, but this anti-fall safety device has the following disadvantages:

[0011] ① The anti-fall safety device is installed at the end of the power system, that is, the rack position. The required braking force and braking torque are more than twice the sum of the total mass of the moving parts of the elevator and the maximum load. The strength of its structural parts is required to be high. Therefore, this type of anti-fall safety device is bulky and has a high manufacturing cost.

[0012] ② The action of the anti-fall safety device is a locking safety protection when the load occurs in the process of falling. That is, the power system of the elevator loses the braking force and the load falls to a certain height and reaches the set speed, which is an impact braking. Once it is started, it will cause strong impact damage to the power system and even the entire elevator.

[0013] The relevant reference CN114408695A discloses a manual uniform speed descent speed limiting mechanism for a construction elevator, which is provided with a manual trigger mechanism. The manual trigger mechanism includes a hand brake, a pulling transmission rod, a rotating lever, a linkage round rod, a transmission plate, an eccentric dial wheel A and an eccentric dial wheel B. The eccentric dial wheel includes an eccentric shaft. The two eccentric dial wheels are both installed on the speed limiter housing and can push the limit ring relatively away from the centrifugal block. The two ends of the linkage round rod are respectively connected to the rotating lever and the pulling transmission rod. The rotating lever and the pulling transmission rod are both connected to the transmission plate, and the transmission plate is respectively connected to the eccentric dial wheel A and the eccentric dial wheel B; it adopts the form of an eccentric shaft. When the elevator descends rapidly, the step surface of the eccentric shaft is easily broken due to the centrifugal inertia force, and the manufacturing precision of the eccentric shaft is high, and the manufacturing cost is relatively high. Utility Model Content

[0014] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a lift transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection which has low manufacturing cost, keeps the linkage device in good working condition, and drives the load to fall safely in a dynamic balanced manner.

[0015] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection, comprising a motor body and a brake body. The motor body, brake body, transmission frame, reducer, transmission plate, weighing sensor pin, and motor main shaft constitute the transmission mechanism body. The transmission plate is installed in the transmission frame, and a lug plate is installed on one side of the transmission frame. The weighing sensor pin is installed on the lug plate through a lug plate safety plate. The reducer and motor body are sequentially installed on the transmission plate. The reducer is installed on the motor main shaft at one end of the motor body, and an external spline sleeve is installed on the motor main shaft at the other end of the motor body. An internal spline sleeve is mounted on the external spline sleeve, and swing block seats are evenly distributed on the internal spline sleeve. The swing block seats and the swing blocks are slidably matched. The swing blocks are tightly pressed against the internal spline sleeve by tension springs surrounding the arc grooves of the swing blocks. Friction plates are fixed to the swing blocks. A friction housing is fixed to the rear end cover of the motor body, and a gap is formed between the friction plates and the inner wall of the friction housing, forming an adaptive safety protection.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor body and reducer are installed in a linked manner on the transmission plate, a weighing sensor pin is installed on the transmission frame, and the motor main shaft is equipped with a swing block equipped with a friction plate through internal and external spline sleeves. The swing block is slidably matched with the swing block seat. The centrifugal principle automatically triggers the adaptive braking safety protection function, which responds quickly and increases operational stability. The power system drives the load to fall safely in a dynamic balance, preventing the cage and load from falling and avoiding safety accidents. The elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection has a lower manufacturing cost than the traditional elevator anti-fall safety device and transmission mechanism combined.

[0017] Preferably, there are a plurality of throwing block seats uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, a throwing block cavity is provided on the throwing block, and the throwing block cavity and the throwing block seat are slidably matched.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the swing block is swung out in radial parallel, and at the same time drives the friction plate to contact the inner wall of the friction housing, resulting in a large contact area and high friction torque.

[0019] Preferably, a brake fixing disc is provided on the friction housing, and a brake body is mounted on the brake fixing disc; the brake disc of the brake body is connected to the motor main shaft, and a release handle is provided on the brake body.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when abnormal situations such as power failure and emergency shutdown occur, the drive of the elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection can be stopped quickly, and the elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection will not be damaged.

[0021] Preferably, a pressure plate is provided in the slot of the swing block; a pressure plate mounting block is provided on the inner spline sleeve, and the pressure plate is mounted on the pressure plate mounting block by a pressure plate fixing screw; a compression spring is sleeved on the pressure plate fixing screw.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the pressure plate and the linkage device cooperate to achieve safety protection of the cage and load against falling.

[0023] Preferably, two sets of linkage devices are axially symmetrically arranged on the friction shell.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the linkage device is symmetrically arranged to ensure that the pressure plate is pushed smoothly.

[0025] Preferably, the linkage device includes a steel sleeve, a connecting shaft, an oil-free bearing, an inner pull plate, an outer pull plate, a passive shaft, a bearing and a pull rod, and the steel sleeve is installed in the linkage hole of the friction shell; an oil-free bearing is arranged in the steel sleeve, and a connecting shaft is arranged in the oil-free bearing, and the inner pull plate and the outer pull plate are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting shaft; a columnar passive shaft is installed in the passive hole of the inner pull plate, and a bearing is arranged on the passive shaft; a pull rod is installed on the outer pull plate through the pull rod hole, and the pull rod is connected to the release handle.

[0026] By adopting this technical solution, a linkage device equipped with a bearing on a cylindrical passive shaft is combined with a pressure plate, which is connected to the motor body and brake via a pull rod. This seamlessly integrates the three functions of drive, braking, and safety protection. The entire main structure is compact and the design is small. The manufacturing cost is less than half that of a progressive fall arrester. This low manufacturing cost overcomes the shortcomings of progressive fall arresters, such as high manufacturing costs and the impact damage caused by locking safety protection. It solves the problem of personnel escape and safe landing in the event of sudden high-altitude failure. It is not only safe and reliable, but also has no hidden dangers.

[0027] Preferably, a protective cover is installed on the outer ring of the friction housing.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the protective cover can surround and cover the swing block, brake and other components.

[0029] Preferably, a keyway is provided on the motor main shaft at one end of the motor body, and an input shaft is provided on the reducer, and the keyway is connected to the input shaft through a flat key and a coupling.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor body is connected by a coupling and a closed reducer, which has high transmission efficiency. The reducer can reduce energy consumption to a certain extent and improve energy utilization efficiency by increasing the output torque.

[0031] Preferably, an input gear is installed on the motor main shaft at one end of the motor body, a transmission gear is provided in the reducer, and the input gear and the transmission gear are meshed and connected.

[0032] By adopting this technical solution, the motor body is connected to the open reducer through a gear transmission method, making the entire drive unit compact and taking up little space. By increasing the output torque, the reducer can reduce energy consumption to a certain extent and improve energy utilization efficiency.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. The motor body and reducer of this utility model are installed in a linkage manner on the transmission plate, a weighing sensor pin is installed on the transmission frame, and the motor main shaft is installed with a swing block equipped with a friction plate through internal and external spline sleeves. The swing block is in a sliding fit with the swing block seat. The centrifugal principle automatically triggers the adaptive braking safety protection function, which responds quickly and increases operational stability. The power system drives the load to fall safely in a dynamic balance manner, preventing the cage and load from falling and avoiding safety accidents. The elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection has a lower manufacturing cost than the traditional elevator anti-fall safety device and transmission mechanism.

[0035] 2. The swing blocks in the main structure of this utility model are circumferentially dispersed within the friction housing. The internal splined sleeve is connected to the motor body via the external splined sleeve. The transmission frame, weighing sensor pin, main structure, reducer, motor body, and brake body are integrated together. The transmission mechanism is compact, the design is small, and the manufacturing cost is low. This overcomes the shortcomings of progressive anti-fall safety devices, which are high in manufacturing cost and locking safety protection, which can cause impact damage to the elevator. It solves the problem of personnel escape and safe landing in the event of sudden high-altitude failure. It is not only safe and reliable, but also has no adverse hidden dangers.

[0036] 3. In the present invention, when the brake suddenly fails and the cage and the load descend rapidly, the throw block overcomes the tension of the tension spring under the action of centrifugal force and is swung toward the inner wall of the friction shell. The friction of the friction plate forms a braking torque, and the protection mechanism is automatically triggered by the mechanical centrifugal force. The braking torque is transmitted to the motor main shaft through the inner and outer spline sleeves, and then transmitted to the transmission system through the motor main shaft, forcing the cage and the load to decelerate. After the power system decelerates, the centrifugal force of the throw block decreases, the friction of the friction plate decreases, the braking torque decreases, and the protection mechanism is triggered again. This cycle repeats itself, and the transmission system carries the cage and the load down at a uniform speed in a dynamic balance manner without damaging the landing ground, achieving adaptive uniform descent.

[0037] 4. In the case of a sudden elevator failure requiring emergency landing, the utility model toggles the release handle to release the brake of the brake body. At this time, the pull rod is subjected to the linkage effect of the brake release handle, overcomes the spring force of the two compression springs to compress it, and pushes the pressure plate to the right, so that the annular retaining ring on the left side of the pressure plate that originally pressed the swing block is disengaged from the groove of the three swing blocks. The three swing blocks equipped with friction plates overcome the tension of the tension spring under the action of centrifugal force and are thrown out from the swing block seat of the inner spline sleeve. The braking torque is generated by the friction between the friction plate and the inner wall of the friction shell, driving the load to a set safe speed fixed value, forming a dynamic balanced safe falling state, and realizing a linked uniform descent.

[0038] 5. The bearing of the utility model is rotatably arranged on the columnar passive shaft, which is simple and easy to assemble, and avoids breaking the step surface of the eccentric thumbwheel due to the rotational inertia force, thereby maintaining the linkage device in good working condition, reducing manufacturing costs, and increasing the service life of the brake motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0040] Figure 2 This is the assembly diagram of the utility model.

[0041] Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 Assembly diagram of Example 1 of the present invention with the protective cover removed.

[0043] Figure 5 Explosion diagram of embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

[0044] Figure 6 This is an assembly diagram of the second embodiment of the present utility model.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a side view of embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

[0046] Figure 8 This is a partial enlarged view of the second embodiment of the present utility model.

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the utility model with the protective cover removed.

[0048] Figure number: 1. Transmission frame, 2. Reducer, 3. Transmission plate, 4. Round nut, 5. Retaining washer, 6. Output gear, 7. Input gear, 8. Ear plate, 9. Safety pin, 10. Weighing sensor pin, 11. Motor body, 12. External spline sleeve, 13. Motor main shaft, 14. Ear plate safety disc, 15. Guide roller, 16. Bottom foot, 17. Friction housing, 18. Protective cover bracket, 19. Connecting shaft, 20. Oil-free bearing, 21. Shaft elastic ring, 22. Washer, 23. Bearing, 24. Driven shaft, 25. Inner pull plate, 26. .Steel sleeve, 27. External pull plate, 28. Fixing screw, 29. Pull rod, 30. Cross recessed countersunk screw, 31. Friction plate, 32. Throwing block, 33. Inner spline sleeve, 34. Pressure plate, 35. Brake fixing plate, 36. Brake disc, 37. Brake body, 38. Encoder, 39. Fan, 40. Protective cover, 41. Tension spring, 42. Compression spring, 43. Pressure plate fixing screw, 44. Release handle, 45. Linkage rod, 46. Throwing block seat, 47. Throwing block arc groove, 48. Pressure plate mounting block, 49. Coupling, 50. Backrest wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following describes two usage scenarios of the elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection of the present application and its different structures and functional principles with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Use scenario 1: Adaptive constant speed safety protection for low-speed elevators

[0051] (1) Applicable objects and scope

[0052] 1. Intelligent or ordinary material lift;

[0053] 2. Intelligent or ordinary low-speed passenger and cargo lift;

[0054] 3. Low-speed lifting machinery with independent brakes;

[0055] 4. Other low-speed lifting machinery driven by motors and brakes.

[0056] (2) Structural characteristics

[0057] Example 1, overall structure and appearance: see the structural anatomy and appearance diagram of the elevator transmission mechanism (adaptive type) with anti-fall protection.

[0058] like Figure 1 The functional parts shown in the figure are assembled as follows:

[0059] The motor body is composed of the motor front cover, motor rotor, motor stator and motor rear cover. Figure 2 As shown, the motor body 11, brake body 37, transmission frame 1, reducer 2, transmission plate 3, weighing sensor pin 10, and motor main shaft 13 constitute the transmission mechanism. The transmission plate 3 is mounted within the transmission frame 1. A lug plate 8 is mounted on the bottom edge of the transmission frame 1. The weighing sensor pin 10 is mounted on the lug plate 8 via a lug plate safety plate 14. The weighing sensor pin 10 passes through the lug plate 8 and the connecting lug plate of the hoist cage. The motor body 11 is fixedly mounted on the transmission plate 3. A keyway is provided on the motor main shaft 13 at one end of the motor body 11. The reducer 2 is provided with an input shaft, and the keyway is connected to the input shaft via a flat key and a coupling 49. The reducer 2 is fixedly mounted on the transmission plate 3. Guide rollers 15 are mounted at the four corners of the back of the transmission frame 1. A backrest wheel 50 is mounted in the middle of the back of the transmission plate 3. The output shaft of the reducer 2 is mounted to the output gear 6 via a retaining washer 5 and a round nut 4.

[0060] The motor main shaft 13 at the rear of the motor rotor is fitted with an external splined sleeve 12, which is fitted with an internal splined sleeve 33. Three swing blocks 32 are evenly spaced and slidably mounted on the swing block seats 46 of the internal splined sleeve 33. The swing blocks 32 are pressed against the internal splined sleeve 33 by two tension springs 41 extending in opposite directions around the swing block circular grooves 47. Friction plates 31 are fixed to the swing blocks 32. The friction housing 17 is fixed to the rear end cover of the motor. A single-sided gap is left between the friction plates 31 on the swing blocks 32 and the inner hole of the friction housing 17. These components form the main structure of the elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection.

[0061] like Figure 3As shown, there are a number of circumferentially evenly distributed block seats 46, and three are used in this embodiment. A block cavity is provided on the block 32, and the block cavity and the block seat 46 are slidably matched. The block 32 is thrown out radially and parallel, and at the same time drives the friction plate 31 to contact the inner wall of the friction housing 17, resulting in a large contact area and a high friction torque.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the rear portion of the motor anti-fall uniform speed protection main structure is mounted with a brake body 37 via a brake fixing disc 35. The brake fixing disc 35 is securely mounted on the friction housing 17, and the brake body 37 is mounted on the brake fixing disc 35. The brake disc of the brake body 37 is connected to the motor main shaft 13. A brake release handle 44 is mounted on the brake body 37. The release handle 44 is shaped like a fork with a column and a transition seat.

[0063] An encoder 38 and a fan 39 are also mounted on the motor main shaft 13 at the rear of the motor rotor. The motor protective cover 40 is mounted on the outer ring of the friction housing 17 and surrounds the main structure of the motor's anti-fall and uniform speed protection, the brake, the fan 39, etc. from the outside.

[0064] A swing block 32 equipped with a friction plate 31 is mounted on the motor main shaft 13 via internal and external splined sleeves. The swing block 32 is slidably mated to the swing block seat 46. The centrifugal principle automatically triggers the adaptive braking safety protection function, providing a rapid response and increased operational stability. This allows the power system to safely lower the load in a dynamically balanced manner, preventing the cage and load from falling and avoiding safety accidents. This main structure is compact and inexpensive to manufacture, costing less than half that of a progressive anti-fall safety device.

[0065] (3) Functional principle

[0066] When the elevator drives the cage and the load to operate normally, the motor rotor drives the outer spline sleeve 12, the inner spline sleeve 33, the swing block 32 equipped with the friction plate 31 and the tension spring 41 to rotate at the same speed. The rotation speed at this time is lower than the action speed corresponding to the set uniform speed. At this time, the adaptive uniform speed protection has not yet been activated and is in the off state. When the cage and the load run to the required height, the encoder 38 sends a position signal to the elevator control system. The control system issues a command, the motor stops, the brake body 37 brakes, the elevator achieves automatic leveling, and the cage and the load then stop precisely at this height.

[0067] A. Power system brake failure (failure to brake or insufficient braking torque)

[0068] Here’s how it works:

[0069] If, for some reason, the brakes (or independent brakes) of an elevator or other lifting machinery suddenly fail, resulting in no braking or insufficient braking torque, the cage and load lose braking force and fall rapidly. Simultaneously, the cage and load drive the motor rotor, along with the outer splined sleeve 12, the inner splined sleeve 33, the swing blocks 32 equipped with friction plates 31, and the tension spring 41, to rotate in the opposite direction at a speed higher than normal operation. When the rotational speed reaches the set adaptive action speed, the three swing blocks 32 equipped with friction plates 31, under the action of centrifugal force, overcome the tension of the tension spring 41 and are ejected from the swing block seat 46 of the inner splined sleeve 33. The friction plates 31 cling to the inner wall of the friction housing 17, generating a braking torque. This braking torque is transmitted through the inner splined sleeve 33 to the outer splined sleeve 12 and the motor rotor. The motor rotor's braking torque is then transmitted to the elevator transmission system, forcing the cage and load to decelerate. After the motor decelerates the transmission system, the centrifugal force of the swing weight 32 decreases, and the friction between the friction plate 31 and the inner wall of the friction housing 17 decreases accordingly. This reduces the braking torque, and the motor rotor accelerates again under the action of the cage and the load. After acceleration, the centrifugal force of the swing weight 32 increases again, and the friction between the friction plate 31 and the inner wall of the friction housing 17 increases accordingly. This cycle repeats until the power system of the elevator (or other lifting machinery) drives the load at a set safe speed, achieving a dynamic equilibrium and safe descent. This set fixed speed is known as the adaptive rated uniform speed.

[0070] When the transmission mechanism of the elevator (or other lifting machinery) drives the cage and load down to the ground or initial position at the rated uniform speed, the system speed drops to zero, the centrifugal force disappears, and the swing block 32 falls back to its original position on the internal splined sleeve 33, automatically resetting. This completes the adaptive uniform speed safety protection.

[0071] B. The power system cannot work (no power output or insufficient power output and the system is in braking state)

[0072] When an elevator or other lifting machinery has a sudden failure (except for mechanical obstruction of the motor and power system), such as a sudden power outage, inverter failure, electronic control component failure, motor failure, etc., resulting in no power output or insufficient power output and the power system brake is in a braking state, facing the impossibility of operation and requiring emergency landing, after manually operating or using a spare small-capacity power supply device, manually or remotely releasing the brake (or independent brake), its "adaptive uniform speed braking function" is automatically triggered, driving the cage and load to descend at a safe and uniform speed without damaging the landing ground.

[0073] Here’s how it works:

[0074] For some reason, the elevator motor brake (or other lifting machinery's independent brake) fails to release, rendering the power system unable to drive the load normally. This failure can manifest as a sudden power outage, failure of electronic control components, inverter failure, or motor failure, resulting in no or insufficient power output, putting the power system in a braking state. This makes operation impossible and necessitates an emergency landing. In this case, the power system, especially the load, must be urgently lowered to the ground or its initial position.

[0075] Depending on the fault situation, the release handle 44 on the brake body 37 will first forcibly release the brake body 37 (i.e., release the brake) via the elevator's manual control or the elevator's electronic control unit (in the event of a power outage, the elevator's backup power supply can be used). At this point, the cage and load lose braking force and fall at a faster speed. Subsequently, adaptive uniform speed safety protection is implemented using the same principle as in step A.

[0076] Application scenario 2: Linked uniform speed safety protection for medium and high speed elevators

[0077] (1) Applicable objects and scope

[0078] 1. Intelligent manned lift with higher speed;

[0079] 2. Ordinary manned lifts with higher speeds;

[0080] 3. Ordinary non-passenger lifts with higher speeds;

[0081] 4. Hoisting machinery with independent brakes capable of higher speeds;

[0082] 5. Other lifting machinery with high speed or above driven by motors and brakes.

[0083] (2) Structural characteristics

[0084] Example 2, overall structure: see the structural anatomy and appearance diagram of the anti-fall protection brake motor (linkage type).

[0085] like Figure 5 The functional parts shown in the figure are assembled as follows:

[0086] The motor body is composed of the motor front cover, motor rotor, motor stator, motor rear cover and other parts. Figure 6 As shown, the motor body 11, brake body 37, transmission frame 1, reducer 2, transmission plate 3, weighing sensor pin 10, and motor main shaft 13 constitute the transmission mechanism body. The transmission plate 3 is installed in the transmission frame 1, and the bottom edge of the transmission frame 1 is installed with a lug plate 8. The weighing sensor pin 10 is installed on the lug plate 8 through the lug plate safety plate 14; the weighing sensor pin 10 passes through the lug plate 8 and the connecting lug plate of the cage. Figure 7As shown, guide rollers 15 are mounted on the back of the transmission frame 1. The motor body 11 is mounted on the transmission plate via feet 16. An input gear 7 is mounted on the motor main shaft 13 at one end of the motor body 11. The reducer 2 is provided with a transmission gear, and the input gear 7 and the transmission gear are meshed. The reducer 2 is fixedly mounted on the transmission plate 3. The output shaft of the reducer 2 is mounted on the output gear 6 via a retaining washer 5 and a round nut 4.

[0087] like Figure 8 As shown, the motor main shaft 13 at the rear of the motor rotor is equipped with an external splined sleeve 12, which is fitted with an internal splined sleeve 33. Three swing blocks 32 are evenly spaced and slidably mounted on the swing block seats 46 of the internal splined sleeve 33. The swing blocks 32 are pressed against the internal splined sleeve 33 by two tension springs 41 extending in opposite directions around the swing block circular grooves 47. Friction plates 31 are fixed to the swing blocks 32. A pressure plate 34 is floatingly secured to the outer side of the internal splined sleeve 33 by compression springs 42, pressure plate fixing screws 43, and a locknut. The friction housing 17 is fixed to the rear end cover of the motor. A single-sided clearance is left between the friction plates 31 on the swing blocks 32 and the inner bore of the friction housing 17. The linkage assembly, consisting of a steel sleeve 26, a connecting shaft 19, an oil-free bearing 20, an inner pull plate 25, an outer pull plate 27, a driven shaft 24, a washer 22, a bearing 23, and a pull rod 29, is secured to the friction housing 17 by two set screws. The above-mentioned structural parts constitute the main structure of the elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection.

[0088] The block seats 46 are uniformly distributed around the circumference, and three are used in this embodiment. The block 32 is provided with a block cavity, and the block cavity and the block seat 46 are slidably matched. The block 32 is thrown out radially and parallel, and at the same time drives the friction plate 31 to contact the inner wall of the friction housing 17, resulting in a large contact area and a high friction torque.

[0089] A pressure plate 34 is positioned in the slot of the swing block 32. A pressure plate mounting block 48 is mounted on the internal splined sleeve 33. The pressure plate 34 is mounted on this mounting block 48 via a pressure plate fixing screw 43 and a locknut. A compression spring 42 is mounted on the pressure plate fixing screw 43. The pressure plate 34 and the linkage mechanism work together to prevent the cage and load from falling.

[0090] There are two groups of linkage devices. The two groups of linkage devices are axially symmetrically arranged to ensure that the pressure plate 34 is pushed smoothly. The linkage device is installed in the linkage hole of the friction shell 17 through its steel sleeve 26. An oil-free bearing 20 is arranged in the steel sleeve 26, and a connecting shaft 19 is arranged in the oil-free bearing 20. The inner pull plate 25 and the outer pull plate 27 are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting shaft 19 and fastened by fixing screws. The passive shaft 24 is installed in the passive hole of the inner pull plate 25, and a bearing 23 is arranged on the passive shaft 24. A washer 22 and a retaining ring are arranged at the tail of the passive shaft 24. A pull rod hole is opened on the outer pull plate 27, and a pull rod 29 is installed in the pull rod hole by a bolt; the pull rod 29 is connected to the transition seat of the release handle 44. The linkage device is installed on the friction shell 17. Pulling the release handle 44 pulls the outer pull plate 27, which transmits force to the inner pull plate 25 through the connecting shaft 19, and then the bearing 23 pushes the pressure plate 34, so that the three throw blocks 32 equipped with friction plates 31 overcome the tension of the tension spring 41 under the action of centrifugal force and are thrown out. The friction plates 31 are tightly attached to the inner wall of the friction shell 17 to form a braking torque, achieving dynamic balance, and the power system performs a safe and uniform falling action. When the power system with the cage and load is lowered to the position, the power system speed drops to zero, the centrifugal force disappears, the throw blocks 32 fall back to the initial position of the inner spline sleeve 33, the throw blocks 32 automatically reset, the release handle 44 returns to its position, and the pressure plate 34 automatically resets. The cylindrical passive shaft 24 of this application does not need to consider the axial eccentricity of the passive shaft 24 when processing, which reduces the manufacturing cost. The bearing 23 is rotatably installed on the cylindrical passive shaft 24 to avoid breaking the step surface of the eccentric dial wheel due to the rotational inertia force, keep the linkage device in good working condition, and improve the service life of the brake motor. This system features a compact structure and a small design, costing less than half that of a progressive anti-fall safety device. The linkage mechanism, combined with the pressure plate 34 and connected to the motor body 11 and brake body 37 via a pull rod 29, overcomes the high manufacturing cost of progressive anti-fall safety devices and the impact damage to the elevator caused by locking safety protection. It provides a safe solution for personnel escape and non-destructive landing in the event of a sudden high-altitude accident. It is not only safe and reliable, but also eliminates potential safety hazards.

[0091] like Figure 9 As shown, the rear part of the main structure of the motor anti-fall linkage type uniform speed protection is installed with a brake body 37 through a brake fixing disc 35, wherein the brake fixing disc 35 is fastened to the friction housing 17, the brake body 37 is installed on the brake fixing disc 35, the brake disc of the brake body 37 is connected to the rotating shaft, and the brake release handle 44 is installed on the brake body 37. The release handle 44 is shaped like a fork with a column and a transition seat. Two groups of pull rods 29 are connected between the transition seat of the brake release handle 44 and the linkage device. By adopting the method of connecting the transition seat of the release handle 44 and the pull rod 29 of the linkage device, when a sudden fault occurs, the handle 44 is released manually or remotely, pushing the pressure plate 34, and the throwing block 32 is thrown out, and the anti-fall protection of the device is activated. The structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the practicality is strong.

[0092] An encoder 38 and a fan 39 are also mounted on the motor main shaft 13 at the rear of the motor rotor.

[0093] The motor protective cover 40 is mounted on the outer ring of the friction housing 17 through the protective cover bracket 18 and surrounds the main structure of the motor anti-fall linkage type uniform speed protection, the brake body 37, the fan 39, etc. from the outside.

[0094] (3) Functional principle

[0095] When the elevator drives the cage and the load to operate normally at the normal operating speed, the motor main shaft 13 drives the outer spline sleeve 12, the inner spline sleeve 33, the swing block 32 equipped with the friction plate 31 and the tension spring 41 to rotate at the same speed, and the pressure plate 34, the compression spring 42 and the pressure plate fixing screw 43 are driven to rotate at the same speed. At this time, the annular retaining ring on the left side of the pressure plate 34 is stuck in the groove of the three swing blocks 32. Even if the centrifugal force of the swing block 32 exceeds its own inertia, it still cannot be thrown out to implement friction braking. At this time, the linkage type uniform speed protection has not yet been activated and is in the closed state. When the cage and the load run to the required height, the encoder 38 sends the position signal to the elevator control system. The control system issues a command, the elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection stops, the brake body 37 brakes, the elevator achieves automatic leveling, and the cage and the load then stop precisely at this height.

[0096] When a sudden failure occurs and the power system has no power output or the power output is insufficient and the system is in a braking state, the "linked uniform braking safety protection function" is triggered through manual or electric operation, driving the cage and load to descend at a set safe speed without damaging the landing ground.

[0097] Here’s how it works:

[0098] When a sudden fault occurs (except for mechanical obstruction of the motor and power system), such as a sudden power outage, inverter failure, electronic control component failure, motor failure, etc., resulting in no power output or insufficient power output and the brake of the power system is in a braking state, facing the impossibility of operation and requiring emergency landing, the brake release handle 44 is manually operated or manually or remotely operated through a spare small-capacity power supply device to release the brake of the brake body 37 (or independent brake). At this time, the pull rod 29 is linked to the action of the brake release handle 44, overcoming the two compression springs 4 2 is compressed by the spring force and pushes the pressure plate 34 to the right, so that the annular retaining ring on the left side of the pressure plate 34 that originally pressed the throw block 32 is disengaged from the groove of the three throw blocks 32. Under the action of centrifugal force, the three throw blocks 32 equipped with friction plates 31 overcome the tension of the tension spring 41 and are thrown out from the throw block seat 46 of the inner spline sleeve 33. The friction plates 31 are tightly attached to the inner wall of the friction housing 17 and form a braking torque. The braking torque is transmitted to the outer spline sleeve 12 and the motor main shaft 13 through the inner spline sleeve 33. The braking torque of the motor main shaft 13 is transmitted to the reducer 2 and the transmission rack of the elevator, forcibly decelerating the cage and the load. After the elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection is decelerated, the centrifugal force of the throw block 32 decreases, and the friction force between the friction plates 31 and the inner wall of the friction housing 17 decreases accordingly, the braking torque decreases, and the motor main shaft 13 accelerates again under the action of the cage and the load force. After acceleration, the centrifugal force of the swing block 32 increases again, and the friction between the friction plate 31 and the inner wall of the friction housing 17 increases accordingly. This cycle repeats until the power system of the elevator (or other lifting machinery) drives the load at a set safety speed, achieving a dynamic equilibrium and safe descent. This set safety speed is the rated uniform speed of the linkage type.

[0099] When the elevator (or other lifting machinery) power system drives the cage and load to the ground or initial position, the system speed drops to zero, the centrifugal force disappears, and the swing block 32 returns to its original position on the internal splined sleeve 33, automatically resetting. Manual operation or remote control, using a backup low-capacity power supply, can be used to activate the brake release handle 44. The spring force automatically resets the pressure plate 34, completing the linked uniform speed safety protection.

[0100] When the elevator, carrying the cage and load, is off the ground and the brake body 37 of the elevator transmission mechanism with fall protection (or the independent brake of other hoisting machinery) suddenly fails, causing the cage and load to fall rapidly, the "adaptive uniform speed braking safety protection function" is automatically triggered, causing the cage and load to descend at a set safe speed and at a constant speed without damaging the landing ground. This can prevent the cage and load from falling in time.

[0101] When the elevator with the cage and load is away from the ground due to a variety of sudden failures (including sudden power outages, inverter failure, electronic control component failure, motor failure, etc.), the "linked uniform braking safety protection function" is activated to return the cage and load to the ground in a timely and safe manner, ensuring the escape of personnel and the safe landing of equipment and loads.

[0102] The core main structure of this application is very cleverly combined with the transmission frame, transmission plate, reducer, motor body, brake, etc., combining the four functions of driving, deceleration, braking and safety protection in one installation system, forming a seamless combination, novel design and compact structure.

[0103] The core structure of this application features mature application technology, a compact design, and a low manufacturing cost, less than half that of a progressive anti-fall safety device. This low-cost solution enables intelligent elevator safety and anti-fall protection, overcoming two shortcomings of progressive anti-fall safety devices. Furthermore, it addresses the safety issues of personnel escape and non-destructive landing in the event of a sudden high-altitude failure. It is not only safe and reliable, but also poses no hidden dangers. When conditions are ripe, it could even replace the currently locked, dedicated progressive anti-fall safety devices for elevators.

[0104] This application is also applicable to ordinary rack and pinion elevators, as well as other types of non-rack and pinion lifting machinery. Therefore, this is a new type of elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection technology product with high innovation and strong practicality, suitable for comprehensive promotion and application.

[0105] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lift transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection, comprising a motor body (11) and a brake body (37), characterized in that: The motor body (11), the brake body (37), the transmission frame (1), the speed reducer (2), the transmission plate (3), the weighing sensor pin (10), and the motor main shaft (13) constitute the transmission mechanism body; the transmission plate (3) is installed in the transmission frame (1), the lug plate (8) is installed on one side of the transmission frame (1), and the weighing sensor pin (10) is installed on the lug plate (8) through the lug plate safety piece (14); the speed reducer (2) and the motor body (11) are sequentially installed on the transmission plate (3); the speed reducer (2) is installed on the motor main shaft (13) at one end of the motor body (11), and the motor body (11) is installed on the other side. An outer spline sleeve (12) is installed on the motor main shaft (13) at one end, an inner spline sleeve (33) is mounted on the outer spline sleeve (12), and a swing block seat (46) is evenly distributed on the inner spline sleeve (33). The swing block seat (46) and the swing block (32) are slidably matched, and the swing block (32) is tightly pressed on the inner spline sleeve (33) by a tension spring (41) surrounding the swing block arc groove (47). A friction plate (31) is fixed on the swing block (32); a friction shell (17) is fixed on the rear end cover of the motor body (11), and a gap is formed between the friction plate (31) and the inner wall of the friction shell (17).

2. The elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The throwing block seats (46) are a plurality of blocks uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, a throwing block cavity is provided on the throwing block (32), and the throwing block cavity and the throwing block seat (46) are slidably matched.

3. The elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: A brake fixing disc (35) is provided on the friction housing (17), and a brake body (37) is mounted on the brake fixing disc (35); the brake disc of the brake body (37) is connected to the motor main shaft (13), and a release handle (44) is provided on the brake body (37).

4. The elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure plate (34) is provided in the slot of the swing block (32); a pressure plate mounting block (48) is provided on the inner spline sleeve (33); the pressure plate (34) is mounted on the pressure plate mounting block (48) via a pressure plate fixing screw (43); and a compression spring (42) is sleeved on the pressure plate fixing screw (43).

5. The elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two sets of linkage devices are axially symmetrically arranged on the friction housing (17).

6. The elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linkage device comprises a steel sleeve (26), a connecting shaft (19), an oil-free bearing (20), an inner pull plate (25), an outer pull plate (27), a passive shaft (24), a bearing (23) and a pull rod (29); the steel sleeve (26) is installed in the linkage hole of the friction shell (17); an oil-free bearing (20) is provided in the steel sleeve (26), a connecting shaft (19) is provided in the oil-free bearing (20), and the inner pull plate (25) and the outer pull plate (27) are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting shaft (19); a columnar passive shaft (24) is installed in the passive hole of the inner pull plate (25), and a bearing (23) is provided on the passive shaft (24); the pull rod (29) is installed on the outer pull plate (27) through the pull rod hole, and the pull rod (29) is connected to the release handle (44).

7. The elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that: A protective cover (40) is installed on the outer ring of the friction housing (17).

8. The elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A keyway is provided on the motor main shaft (13) at one end of the motor body (11), and an input shaft is provided on the reducer (2). The keyway is connected to the input shaft via a flat key and a coupling (49).

9. The elevator transmission mechanism with anti-fall protection according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: An input gear (7) is mounted on the motor main shaft (13) at one end of the motor body (11), a transmission gear is provided in the reducer (2), and the input gear (7) and the transmission gear are meshed and connected.

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