Permanent magnetic suspension bearing with gradient composite structure

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of magnetic suspension bearings, and discloses a permanent magnet magnetic suspension bearing with a gradient combined structure, which comprises an outer ring, a shaft which is not contacted with the outer ring is sleeved in the outer ring, and a first inner ring and a second inner ring which are coaxially inserted and fixed on the shaft and synchronously rotate along with the shaft are arranged on the shaft. An axial inner ring is arranged on the first inner ring in the axial direction, and an axial outer ring corresponding to the axial inner ring is arranged on the outer ring in the axial direction; a radial inner ring is fixedly arranged on the second inner ring in the radial direction, and a radial outer ring corresponding to the radial inner ring is arranged on the outer ring in the radial direction; the axial inner ring and the radial inner ring are distributed in a gradient mode, the axial outer ring corresponds to the axial inner ring and is distributed in a gradient mode in the direction opposite to the axial inner ring, and the radial outer ring corresponds to the radial inner ring and is distributed in a gradient mode in the direction opposite to the radial inner ring. Gradients are formed through staggered installation, radial bearing and axial bearing are provided, axial repulsive force and radial repulsive force are provided, and the stability of the magnetic suspension bearing is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension bearings, in particular to a permanent magnetic suspension bearing with a gradient combination structure. Background Art

[0002] Magnetic bearings utilize magnetic forces to suspend the rotor in mid-air, eliminating mechanical contact between the rotor and stator. This design eliminates the mechanical friction of traditional bearings and offers advantages such as reduced mechanical wear, low energy consumption, low noise, long life, no lubrication requirements, and no oil pollution. They are particularly suitable for use in high-speed, vacuum, and ultra-clean environments. However, various factors, such as vibration and temperature fluctuations, can interfere with the magnetic bearing's control system, causing axial movement and impacting its stability and reliability.

[0003] Patent application number CN201520272688.9 discloses a combination structure of a permanent magnetic suspension bearing, comprising a shaft, characterized in that: a permanent magnetic suspension thrust bearing capable of providing bidirectional axial force and radial suspension force and a permanent magnetic suspension bearing (23) capable of providing radial suspension force are respectively installed at the axial ends of the shaft, or two permanent magnetic suspension thrust bearings capable of providing bidirectional axial force and radial suspension force are respectively installed at the axial ends of the shaft.

[0004] The magnetic levitation bearing structure in the above patent still has certain shortcomings. When encountering strong changes such as vibration and temperature changes, the magnetic levitation bearing of this structure has poor stability and cannot meet various usage scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a permanent magnetic levitation bearing with a gradient combination structure, which can improve the stability of the magnetic levitation bearing and meet the use requirements of multiple scenarios.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A permanent magnet magnetic levitation bearing with a gradient combination structure includes an outer ring, an inner sleeve of the outer ring is provided with a shaft that does not contact the outer ring, and the shaft is provided with a first inner ring and a second inner ring that are coaxially inserted and fixed on the shaft and rotate synchronously with the shaft, the first inner ring is provided with an axial inner ring in the axial direction, and the outer ring is provided with an axial outer ring corresponding to the axial inner ring in the axial direction; the second inner ring is fixedly provided with a radial inner ring in the radial direction, and the outer ring is provided with a radial outer ring corresponding to the radial inner ring in the radial direction; the axial inner ring and the radial inner ring are distributed in a gradient, the axial outer ring corresponds to the axial inner ring and is distributed in a gradient in the opposite direction to the axial inner ring, and the radial outer ring corresponds to the radial inner ring and is distributed in a gradient in the opposite direction to the radial inner ring; the outer ring and the first inner ring are coaxially inserted and form a contactless rotational fit, and the outer ring and the second inner ring are coaxially inserted and form a contactless rotational fit.

[0008] The following is a further optimization of the above technical solution by the present invention:

[0009] The portion of the axial inner ring close to the axis is longer than the portion away from the axis, and the portion of the axial outer ring close to the axis is shorter than the portion away from the axis. The axial inner ring and the axial outer ring form a gradient action surface; the portion of the radial inner ring away from the side wall of the second inner ring is longer than the portion close to the side wall of the second inner ring, and the portion of the radial outer ring close to the inner side wall of the outer ring is longer than the portion away from the inner side wall of the outer ring.

[0010] Further optimization: an air gap is provided between the axial inner ring and the axial outer ring, an axial inner magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the axial inner ring according to its gradient distribution, and an axial outer magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the axial outer ring according to its gradient distribution. Both the axial inner magnetic ring and the axial outer magnetic ring are axially magnetized, and permanent magnets with the same polarity are provided on the radial outer circumferential surface of the axial inner magnetic ring and the axial inner circumferential surface of the outer ring corresponding to the circumferential surface of the axial outer magnetic ring. The interaction between the permanent magnets provides axial suspension force for the shaft, and the axial inner magnetic ring and the axial outer magnetic ring provide bidirectional axial forces in opposite directions to the shaft to limit the axial movement of the shaft.

[0011] Further optimization: an air gap is provided between the radial inner ring and the radial outer ring, a radial inner magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the radial inner ring according to its gradient distribution, and a radial outer magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the radial outer ring according to its gradient distribution. Both the radial inner magnetic ring and the radial outer magnetic ring are radially magnetized, and permanent magnets with the same polarity are provided on the radial outer circumferential surface of the radial inner magnetic ring and the radial inner circumferential surface of the outer ring corresponding to the circumferential surface of the radial outer magnetic ring. The interaction between the permanent magnets provides radial suspension force for the shaft, and the radial inner magnetic ring and the radial outer magnetic ring provide bidirectional radial forces in opposite directions to the shaft to limit the radial movement of the shaft.

[0012] Further optimization: the polarity of each permanent magnet on the axial inner magnetic ring and the axial outer magnetic ring is opposite to the polarity of the permanent magnet on its adjacent gradient; the polarity of the permanent magnet on the radial inner magnetic ring and the radial outer magnetic ring is opposite to the polarity of the permanent magnet on its adjacent gradient.

[0013] Further optimization: the shaft includes a first shaft column, a second shaft column is concentrically provided on one side of the first shaft column, a third shaft column is concentrically provided on the other side of the second shaft column, the diameter of the side surface of the third shaft column is smaller than the diameter of the side surface of the second shaft column, the diameter of the side surface of the second shaft column is smaller than the diameter of the side surface of the first shaft column, and a bearing spacer is also sleeved on the third shaft column.

[0014] Further optimization: the second inner ring is sleeved on the second shaft column, and the length of the second inner ring is longer than the length of the second shaft column, one side of the second inner ring is in contact with the side surface of the first shaft column, and the other side of the second inner ring is in contact with the bearing spacer.

[0015] Further optimization: the first inner ring is sleeved on the third shaft column, and one side of the first inner ring is in contact with the bearing spacer sleeve, and the other side of the first inner ring is fixed to the shaft through multiple nuts.

[0016] Further optimization: the outer ring includes an outer connecting seat, one side of the outer connecting seat is fixedly connected to the first magnetic seat by a plurality of screws, and the other side of the outer connecting seat is fixedly connected to the second magnetic seat by a plurality of screws.

[0017] The utility model adopts the above technical solution, which is ingenious in conception and reasonable in structure. Through the gradient design of the magnetic rings on the axial inner ring, axial outer ring, radial inner ring and radial outer ring, the axial inner ring and axial outer ring can generate radial bearing capacity while generating axial load, thereby avoiding radial movement of the shaft; the radial inner ring and radial outer ring can generate axial bearing capacity while generating radial load, thereby avoiding axial movement of the shaft.

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point A.

[0021] In the figure: 1-outer ring; 2-first inner ring; 3-second inner ring; 4-bearing spacer; 5-axial inner ring; 6-axial outer ring; 7-second magnetic seat; 8-radial outer ring; 9-radial inner ring; 10-screw; 11-shaft; 111-first shaft column; 112-second shaft column; 113-third shaft column; 12-external connecting seat; 13-nut; 14-first magnetic seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] like Figure 1-2 The figure shows a permanent magnetic levitation bearing with a gradient combination structure, comprising an outer ring 1, wherein the outer ring 1 is provided with a shaft 11 that does not contact the outer ring 1, and the shaft 11 is provided with a first inner ring 2 and a second inner ring 3 that are coaxially fixed to the shaft 11 and rotate synchronously with the shaft 11. The first inner ring 2 is provided with an axial inner ring 5 in the axial direction, and the outer ring 1 is provided with an axial outer ring 6 corresponding to the axial inner ring 5 in the axial direction; the second inner ring 3 is fixedly provided with a radial inner ring 9 in the radial direction, and the outer ring 1 is provided with a radial outer ring 8 corresponding to the radial inner ring 9 in the radial direction; the axial inner ring 5 and the radial inner ring 9 are distributed in a gradient, the axial outer ring 6 corresponds to the axial inner ring 5 and is distributed in a gradient in the opposite direction to the axial inner ring 5, and the radial outer ring 8 corresponds to the radial inner ring 9 and is distributed in a gradient in the opposite direction to the radial inner ring 9; the outer ring 1 is coaxially inserted with the first inner ring 2 and forms a contactless rotational fit, and the outer ring 1 is coaxially inserted with the second inner ring 3 and forms a contactless rotational fit.

[0023] The portion of the axial inner ring 5 close to the shaft 11 is longer than the portion away from the shaft 11, and the portion of the axial outer ring 6 close to the shaft 11 is shorter than the portion away from the shaft 11. The axial inner ring 5 and the axial outer ring 6 form a gradient action surface; the portion of the radial inner ring 9 away from the side wall of the second inner ring 3 is longer than the portion close to the side wall of the second inner ring 3, and the portion of the radial outer ring 8 close to the inner wall of the outer ring 1 is longer than the portion away from the inner wall of the outer ring 1.

[0024] An air gap is provided between the axial inner ring 5 and the axial outer ring 6. An axial inner magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the axial inner ring 5, and an axial outer magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the axial outer ring 6. Both the axial inner magnetic ring and the axial outer magnetic ring are axially magnetized, and permanent magnets with the same polarity are provided on the radial outer circumferential surface of the axial inner magnetic ring and the axial inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 1 corresponding to the circumferential surface of the axial outer magnetic ring. The interaction between the permanent magnets provides an axial suspension force for the shaft 11. The axial inner magnetic ring and the axial outer magnetic ring provide the shaft 11 with bidirectional axial forces in opposite directions to limit the axial movement of the shaft 11.

[0025] An air gap is provided between the radial inner ring 9 and the radial outer ring 8. A radial inner magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the radial inner ring 9, and a radial outer magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the radial outer ring 8. Both the radial inner magnetic ring and the radial outer magnetic ring are radially magnetized. Permanent magnets with the same polarity are provided on the radial outer circumferential surface of the radial inner magnetic ring and the radial inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 1 corresponding to the circumferential surface of the radial outer magnetic ring. The interaction between the permanent magnets provides a radial suspension force for the shaft 11. The radial inner magnetic ring and the radial outer magnetic ring provide the shaft 11 with bidirectional radial forces in opposite directions to limit the radial movement of the shaft 11.

[0026] The polarity of each permanent magnet on the axial inner magnetic ring and the axial outer magnetic ring is opposite to the polarity of the permanent magnet on the adjacent gradient; the polarity of the permanent magnet on the radial inner magnetic ring and the radial outer magnetic ring is opposite to the polarity of the permanent magnet on the adjacent gradient.

[0027] Such a design, utilizing a gradient design, enables the axial inner ring 5 and the axial outer ring 6 to generate radial load-bearing capacity while generating axial load-bearing capacity, thereby avoiding radial movement of the shaft 11; the radial inner ring 9 and the radial outer ring 8 can generate axial load-bearing capacity while generating radial load-bearing capacity, thereby avoiding axial movement of the shaft 11.

[0028] The shaft 11 includes a first shaft column 111, a second shaft column 112 is concentrically provided on one side of the first shaft column 111, and a third shaft column 113 is concentrically provided on the other side of the second shaft column 112. The diameter of the side of the third shaft column 113 is smaller than the diameter of the side of the second shaft column 112, and the diameter of the side of the second shaft column 112 is smaller than the diameter of the side of the first shaft column 111. A bearing spacer 4 is also sleeved on the third shaft column 113.

[0029] The second inner ring 3 is sleeved on the second shaft column 112, and the length of the second inner ring 3 is longer than the length of the second shaft column 112. One side of the second inner ring 3 is in contact with the side surface of the first shaft column 111, and the other side of the second inner ring 3 is in contact with the bearing spacer 4.

[0030] The first inner ring 2 is sleeved on the third shaft column 113 , and one side of the first inner ring 2 is in contact with the bearing spacer 4 , while the other side of the first inner ring 2 is fixed to the shaft 11 via a plurality of nuts 13 .

[0031] This design allows the second inner ring 3 to be fixed to the second shaft column 112 through the bearing spacer 4 and the first shaft column 111 , and the first inner ring 2 to be fixed to the third shaft column 113 through the bearing spacer 4 and the nut 13 .

[0032] The outer ring 1 includes an outer connecting seat 12 , one side of the outer connecting seat 12 is fixedly connected to the first magnetic seat 14 via a plurality of screws 10 , and the other side of the outer connecting seat 12 is fixedly connected to the second magnetic seat 7 via a plurality of screws 10 .

[0033] During use, the magnetic rings of the axial inner ring 5 and the axial outer ring 6 are magnetized in the same direction, and an axial force can be generated in the axial direction. On the corresponding radial gradient action surface, the magnetization directions of adjacent magnetic rings are opposite, and an attraction force can be generated in the radial direction to provide radial load-bearing. The left and right gradient designs can work together to avoid the movement of the shaft 11. The magnetic blocks of the radial inner ring 9 and the radial outer ring 8 can generate radial force in the radial direction when magnetized in the same direction. On the corresponding axial gradient action surface, the magnetization directions of adjacent magnetic rings are opposite, and an attraction force can be generated in the axial direction to provide axial load-bearing. The left and right gradient designs can work together to avoid the movement of the shaft 11.

[0034] For ordinary technicians in this field, based on the teachings of this utility model, without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model, changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the implementation methods are still within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A permanent magnetic bearing with a gradient combination structure, characterized by: The invention comprises an outer ring (1), wherein the outer ring (1) is provided with a shaft (11) which is not in contact with the outer ring (1), and the shaft (11) is provided with a first inner ring (2) and a second inner ring (3) which are coaxially fixed to the shaft (11) and rotate synchronously with the shaft (11), the first inner ring (2) is provided with an axial inner ring (5) in the axial direction, and the outer ring (1) is provided with an axial outer ring (6) corresponding to the axial inner ring (5) in the axial direction; the second inner ring (3) is provided with a radial inner ring (9) fixed in the radial direction, and the outer ring (1) is provided with a radial inner ring (9) fixed in the radial direction. A radial outer ring (8) corresponding to the radial inner ring (9) is provided in the direction; the axial inner ring (5) and the radial inner ring (9) are distributed in a gradient, the axial outer ring (6) corresponds to the axial inner ring (5) and is distributed in a gradient in the opposite direction to the axial inner ring (5), and the radial outer ring (8) corresponds to the radial inner ring (9) and is distributed in a gradient in the opposite direction to the radial inner ring (9); the outer ring (1) and the first inner ring (2) are coaxially inserted and form a non-contact rotation fit, and the outer ring (1) and the second inner ring (3) are coaxially inserted and form a non-contact rotation fit.

2. The permanent magnetic bearing with a gradient combination structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portion of the axial inner ring (5) close to the shaft (11) is longer than the portion away from the shaft (11), and the portion of the axial outer ring (6) close to the shaft (11) is shorter than the portion away from the shaft (11). The axial inner ring (5) and the axial outer ring (6) form a gradient action surface; the portion of the radial inner ring (9) away from the side wall of the second inner ring (3) is longer than the portion close to the side wall of the second inner ring (3), and the portion of the radial outer ring (8) close to the inner side wall of the outer ring (1) is longer than the portion away from the inner side wall of the outer ring (1).

3. The permanent magnetic bearing with a gradient combination structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air gap is provided between the axial inner ring (5) and the axial outer ring (6); an axial inner magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the axial inner ring (5); an axial outer magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the axial outer ring (6); both the axial inner magnetic ring and the axial outer magnetic ring are axially magnetized; and permanent magnets with the same polarity are provided on the radial outer circumferential surface of the axial inner magnetic ring and on the axial inner circumferential surface of the outer ring (1) corresponding to the circumferential surface of the axial outer magnetic ring. The interaction between the permanent magnets provides an axial suspension force for the shaft (11); the axial inner magnetic ring and the axial outer magnetic ring provide the shaft (11) with bidirectional axial forces in opposite directions to limit the axial movement of the shaft (11).

4. The permanent magnetic bearing with a gradient combination structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air gap is provided between the radial inner ring (9) and the radial outer ring (8); a radial inner magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the radial inner ring (9); a radial outer magnetic ring corresponding to the gradient distribution is provided on the radial outer ring (8); both the radial inner magnetic ring and the radial outer magnetic ring are radially magnetized; permanent magnets with the same polarity are provided on the radial outer circumferential surface of the radial inner magnetic ring and on the radial inner circumferential surface of the outer ring (1) corresponding to the circumferential surface of the radial outer magnetic ring; the interaction between the permanent magnets provides a radial suspension force for the shaft (11); the radial inner magnetic ring and the radial outer magnetic ring provide the shaft (11) with bidirectional radial forces in opposite directions to limit the radial movement of the shaft (11).

5. The permanent magnetic bearing with a gradient combination structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The polarity of each permanent magnet on the axial inner magnetic ring and the axial outer magnetic ring is opposite to the polarity of the permanent magnet on the adjacent gradient; the polarity of the permanent magnet on the radial inner magnetic ring and the radial outer magnetic ring is opposite to the polarity of the permanent magnet on the adjacent gradient.

6. The permanent magnetic bearing with a gradient combination structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shaft (11) includes a first shaft column (111), a second shaft column (112) is concentrically provided on one side of the first shaft column (111), and a third shaft column (113) is concentrically provided on the other side of the second shaft column (112), the diameter of the side of the third shaft column (113) is smaller than the diameter of the side of the second shaft column (112), the diameter of the side of the second shaft column (112) is smaller than the diameter of the side of the first shaft column (111), and a bearing spacer (4) is also sleeved on the third shaft column (113).

7. The permanent magnetic bearing with a gradient combination structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second inner ring (3) is sleeved on the second shaft column (112), and the length of the second inner ring (3) is longer than the length of the second shaft column (112). One side of the second inner ring (3) is in contact with the side surface of the first shaft column (111), and the other side of the second inner ring (3) is in contact with the bearing spacer (4).

8. The permanent magnetic bearing with a gradient combination structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first inner ring (2) is sleeved on the third shaft column (113), and one side of the first inner ring (2) is in contact with the bearing spacer (4), and the other side of the first inner ring (2) is fixed to the shaft (11) via a plurality of nuts (13).

9. The permanent magnetic bearing with a gradient combination structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer ring (1) includes an outer connecting seat (12), one side of the outer connecting seat (12) is fixedly connected to the first magnetic seat (14) through a plurality of screws (10), and the other side of the outer connecting seat (12) is fixedly connected to the second magnetic seat (7) through a plurality of screws (10).

Images