Humidity power generation device and micro energy collection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a humidity power generation device and a micro energy collection device. The humidity power generation device comprises a water absorption material and two metal conducting strips, the two metal conducting strips are respectively distributed at two ends of the water absorbing material and are respectively used as a positive electrode and a negative electrode; and a chloride solution with non-uniform water absorption is distributed on the water absorption material in the direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. And humidity power generation can be realized with low cost and high efficiency. And discharging electric energy is output to the battery through a discharging loop between the capacitor and the battery, and the battery is used for storing the electric energy. The capacitor is used for micro energy storage, weaker electric energy can be absorbed and stored, and more energy can be accumulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power generation, and in particular to a humidity power generation device and a micro energy collection device. Background Art

[0002] Electricity is essential for human life and production. Traditional hydropower and nuclear power generation actively consume energy to generate electricity. Humidity-based electricity generators utilize available energy in the environment and convert it into electricity. Currently, electricity generation primarily relies on thermal power, while humidity-based electricity generation is still in the research phase.

[0003] Existing implementations involve coating a layer of graphene or oxide nanoparticles on the surface of paper fiber material, then immersing the material in water. The evaporation of water through the surface generates electricity. However, the production cost of existing power-generating devices is high, and the materials used, such as graphene, are expensive. The resulting electricity has a low cost-performance ratio, hindering practical application. Utility Model Content

[0004] Compared with the prior art, the humidity-based electricity generation device and the micro-energy collection device proposed in the present invention can realize humidity-based electricity generation at low cost and high efficiency.

[0005] The utility model provides a humidity electricity generating device, comprising a water absorbing material and two metal conductive sheets;

[0006] Two metal conductive sheets are distributed at both ends of the water-absorbing material, serving as a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively;

[0007] The water absorbing material has a chloride solution with uneven water absorption distributed in a direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode.

[0008] Preferably, the chloride solutions of the water-absorbing materials are distributed in sequence from the positive electrode to the negative electrode in the order of water absorption rate.

[0009] Preferably, the water absorption rate of the chloride solution distributed on the water-absorbing material is gradually distributed from a preset first water absorption rate to a preset second water absorption rate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the water-absorbing material is cotton cloth or fiber cloth of a preset size;

[0011] Any metal conductive sheet is a copper sheet or an aluminum sheet.

[0012] The utility model also provides a micro energy harvesting device, including an electricity generating device, a capacitor and a battery;

[0013] The power generation device includes a number of humidity power generation devices connected in parallel and / or in series;

[0014] The humidity power generation device includes a water-absorbing material and two metal conductive sheets;

[0015] Two metal conductive sheets are distributed at both ends of the water-absorbing material, serving as a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively;

[0016] The water absorbing material has a chloride solution with uneven water absorption distributed in a direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode;

[0017] The positive power supply electrode and the negative power supply electrode of the power generating device charge the capacitor through a charging circuit between the capacitor and the capacitor;

[0018] The capacitor outputs the discharged electrical energy to the battery via a discharge circuit between the capacitor and the battery.

[0019] Preferably, the charging circuit is provided with a first switch unit;

[0020] The first switch unit is used to control the charging circuit to be turned on or off;

[0021] The discharge circuit is provided with a second switch unit;

[0022] The second switch unit is used to control the discharge circuit to be turned on or off.

[0023] Furthermore, a controller is included;

[0024] The controller is configured to control the first switch unit to be turned on when the capacitor is charged, and to control the first switch unit to be turned off when the capacitor is discharged;

[0025] The second switch unit is used to control the second switch unit to be turned on when the capacitor is discharging, and to control the second switch unit to be turned off when the capacitor is charging.

[0026] Preferably, the chloride solutions of the water-absorbing materials are distributed in sequence from the positive electrode to the negative electrode in the order of water absorption rate.

[0027] Preferably, the water absorption rate of the chloride solution distributed on the water-absorbing material is gradually distributed from a preset first water absorption rate to a preset second water absorption rate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0028] Preferably, the water-absorbing material is cotton cloth or fiber cloth of a preset size;

[0029] Any metal conductive sheet is a copper sheet or an aluminum sheet.

[0030] Compared to existing technologies, the present invention provides a humidity-based electricity generation device and micro-energy harvesting device, comprising a water-absorbing material and two metal conductive sheets; the two metal conductive sheets are located at either end of the water-absorbing material, serving as the positive and negative electrodes, respectively. A chloride solution with uneven water absorption is distributed along the direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode within the water-absorbing material. This device achieves low-cost, high-efficiency humidity-based electricity generation. The discharged energy is then transferred to the battery via a capacitor through a discharge circuit connected to the battery, which then stores the energy. Using capacitors for micro-energy storage allows for the absorption and storage of even weaker energy, accumulating more energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a humidity power generation device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic flow chart of the water-absorbing material treatment process provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a voltage curve output by the humidity power generation device provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the current curve output by the humidity power generation device provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a micro energy harvesting device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of the micro energy harvesting device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Humidity-generated electricity has been studied by researchers as a practical new technology, also known as hydrovoltaic power generation. Existing methods only generate electricity in real time, but are not yet able to integrate energy collection and storage.

[0039] There are two existing implementation plans. One is to coat a layer of graphene or oxide nanoparticles on the surface of paper fiber material, then soak the material in water, and generate electricity by evaporating water and flowing through the surface of the material.

[0040] Another method is to prepare a bulk device using an organic mixture, expose the device to the air, and use the water in the air to dissociate and generate electricity.

[0041] Existing power-generating devices are expensive to manufacture, using expensive materials like graphene and complex organic compound preparation processes. Current device materials are relatively evenly distributed within the device, resulting in a small potential difference and room for improvement in the amount of power generated.

[0042] The cost-effectiveness and power generation efficiency of existing humidity-based power generation solutions are low, which is not conducive to the practical application of the solutions.

[0043] In response to the above technical problems, the present application proposes a humidity-generating electricity device, comprising a water-absorbing material and two metal conductive sheets;

[0044] Two metal conductive sheets are distributed at both ends of the water-absorbing material, serving as a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively;

[0045] The water absorbing material has a chloride solution with uneven water absorption distributed in a direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode.

[0046] In the specific implementation, see Figure 1 , is a structural diagram of a humidity power generation device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; the humidity power generation device includes a water-absorbing material and two metal conductive sheets;

[0047] Metal conductive sheets are distributed at both ends of the water-absorbing material with uneven water absorption, with one end serving as a positive electrode and the other end serving as a negative electrode.

[0048] Water absorption is a physical quantity that indicates the degree of water absorption of an object under normal atmospheric pressure, expressed as a percentage. In this case, it indicates the degree of water absorption of a water-absorbing material.

[0049] Water absorption refers to the ability of an absorbent material to absorb water at standard atmospheric pressure. It is measured as the amount of water absorbed by the material and expressed as a percentage. The absorbent material's water absorption rate is determined by factors such as the number and size of voids within it, the arrangement of the particles, the material's moisture sensitivity, and the ability to remove air from the voids.

[0050] Chloride solutions with different water absorption rates are distributed on the water-absorbing material between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The concentration of the chloride solution is a preset value, that is, the water absorption rate of the chloride solution immersed in the water-absorbing material is uneven along the direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode.

[0051] The chloride solution distributed on the water-absorbing material between the positive electrode and the negative electrode includes at least two chloride solutions with different water absorption rates. The water-absorbing material produces two uneven parts. The water inside the device is evenly distributed, resulting in uneven flow inside and outside the pores. The generated electrical energy is greater than the electrical energy generated by the uniformly driven water difference. The water moves unilaterally. When passing through the micropores, the water molecules dissociate, resulting in directional migration of anions and cations, thereby generating charge movement, forming a complete power-generating device, outputting charges through the positive and negative electrodes to generate electrical energy.

[0052] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the chloride solution unevenly distributed in the direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode can adopt a multi-gradient distribution method, that is, at least three chloride solutions with different water absorption rates are distributed in sequence along the direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode in the order of water absorption rate.

[0053] Chloride solutions with various water absorption rates are distributed in sequence to form multi-gradient ion movement. When passing through the micropores, water molecules dissociate, resulting in multi-gradient directional migration of anions and cations, thereby increasing the charge transfer rate and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0054] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the water absorption rate of the chloride solution distributed on the water-absorbing material is gradually distributed from a preset first water absorption rate to a preset second water absorption rate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0055] For specific implementation, see Figure 2 , is a schematic flow chart of a water-absorbing material treatment process provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0056] The water absorption rate of the chloride solution distributed on the water-absorbing material is gradually distributed from the positive electrode to the negative electrode, and the specific implementation process is:

[0057] In order to achieve uneven solution concentration and distribution, in the specific implementation, the immersion method can be adopted. A part of the cotton cloth serving as the water-absorbing material is pre-immersed in a chloride solution of a certain concentration, that is, in a salt solution. Then, metal conductive sheets are arranged on both sides of the cotton cloth, namely the immersion end and the non-immersion end, as the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0058] By immersing the battery, the salt solution can be kept between the positive and negative electrodes, and gradually distributed from a preset first water absorption rate to a preset second water absorption rate. During immersion, the first and second water absorption rates will change due to time. Generally, the immersion time can be set to maintain the first water absorption rate at 100% and the second water absorption rate at 10% or lower to ensure power generation efficiency.

[0059] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the water-absorbing material is a long strip of cotton cloth of a preset size, and the available size is 8 cm long and 5 cm wide.

[0060] The water-absorbing material may also be made of fiber cloth of preset size or other water-absorbing materials.

[0061] Metal conductive sheets, copper sheets or aluminum sheets are used on both sides of the water-absorbing material to clamp it. Any one of the metal conductive sheets is a copper sheet or an aluminum sheet, and the metal conductive sheets on both sides can use copper sheets or aluminum sheets.

[0062] It should be noted that the water-absorbing material and the metal conductive sheet selected in this embodiment are both preferred embodiments. In other embodiments, the specific materials to be used can be determined in this field according to the content of this solution.

[0063] See also Figure 3 , is a schematic diagram of the voltage curve output by the humidity power generation device provided by the embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 4 , is a schematic diagram of the current curve output by the humidity power generation device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The open circuit voltage output by a single humidity power generation device is around 0.62-0.64V, and the short circuit current is 13-15uA (microamperes), which is larger than the current and voltage generated by the prior art. The existing whole piece is coated with salt solution, and the moisture inside the device is evenly distributed, resulting in uniform flow in the pores, and the generated electrical energy is not as large as the electrical energy generated by the moisture difference driven by unilateral unevenness. The present invention, on the other hand, is to soak one side of a uniform cotton cloth material in a chloride solution, resulting in two parts with uneven water absorption on the cotton cloth. The moisture inside the device is evenly distributed, resulting in uneven flow inside and outside the pores, and the generated electrical energy is larger than the electrical energy generated by the moisture difference driven by uniformity. This solution does not require a special environment, such as sunlight radiation, temperature gradient differences, etc. Only a normal open environment is required. The cotton cloth soaked in salt solution can autonomously absorb moisture in the environment, and then evaporate and leave, generating weak electrical energy after passing through the pores of the cotton cloth.

[0064] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a micro energy harvesting device, including a power generating device, a capacitor, and a battery;

[0065] The power generation device includes a number of parallel and / or series humidity power generation devices;

[0066] The humidity power generation device includes a water-absorbing material and two metal conductive sheets;

[0067] Two metal conductive sheets are distributed at both ends of the water-absorbing material, serving as a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively;

[0068] The water absorbing material has a chloride solution with uneven water absorption distributed in a direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode;

[0069] The positive power supply electrode and the negative power supply electrode of the power generating device charge the capacitor through a charging circuit between the capacitor and the capacitor;

[0070] The capacitor outputs the discharged electrical energy to the battery via a discharge circuit between the capacitor and the battery.

[0071] When implementing this embodiment, see Figure 5 , is a schematic structural diagram of a micro energy harvesting device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model, including an electricity generating device, a capacitor, and a battery;

[0072] The power generating device includes at least one humidity power generating device, and a plurality of humidity power generating devices are connected in parallel and / or in series to form a positive power supply electrode and a negative power supply electrode of the power generating device for supplying power to the outside;

[0073] The humidity power generation device includes a water-absorbing material and two metal conductive sheets;

[0074] Metal conductive sheets are distributed at both ends of the water-absorbing material, with one end serving as the positive electrode and the other end as the negative electrode.

[0075] Chloride solutions with different water absorption rates are distributed on the water-absorbing material between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The concentration of the chloride solution is a preset value, that is, the water absorption rate of the chloride solution immersed in the water-absorbing material is uneven along the direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode.

[0076] The chloride solution distributed on the water-absorbing material between the positive electrode and the negative electrode includes at least two chloride solutions with different water absorption rates. The water-absorbing material produces two uneven parts. The water inside the device is evenly distributed, resulting in uneven flow inside and outside the pores. The generated electrical energy is greater than the electrical energy generated by the uniformly driven water difference. The water moves unilaterally. When passing through the micropores, the water molecules dissociate, resulting in directional migration of anions and cations, thereby generating charge movement, forming a complete power-generating device, outputting charges through the positive and negative electrodes to generate electrical energy.

[0077] The positive power supply electrode and the negative power supply electrode of the power generating device form a charging circuit with the capacitor, and the capacitor forms a discharging circuit with the battery;

[0078] The power-generating device charges the capacitor via a charging circuit. The capacitor then discharges the discharged energy to the battery via a discharge circuit. The battery then stores the energy. Using capacitors for micro-energy storage allows for the absorption and storage of even weaker energy, accumulating more energy.

[0079] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, see Figure 6 , is another structural schematic diagram of the micro energy harvesting device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0080] The charging circuit is provided with a first switch unit, and the discharging circuit is provided with a second switch unit; the first switch unit and the second switch unit are used to control the conduction or cutoff of the charging circuit and the discharging circuit;

[0081] The first switch unit is used to control the charging circuit to be turned on or off, and the second switch unit is used to control the discharging circuit to be turned on or off.

[0082] By controlling the charging circuit and the discharging circuit through the first switch unit and the second switch unit, it is ensured that electric energy is output in the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, and the power supply is stable. Through the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, energy collection and output can be completed more efficiently.

[0083] In another embodiment provided by the present utility model, the micro energy harvesting device further includes a controller;

[0084] The controller detects the voltage across the capacitor to determine its working state.

[0085] controlling the first switch unit and the second switch unit,

[0086] When the capacitor is in the charging state, the first switch unit is closed and the second switch unit is closed, and the power-generating device first charges the capacitor. When the capacitor is in the discharging state, the second switch unit is turned on and the first switch unit is turned off, and the capacitor outputs power to the battery, which then stores the power.

[0087] The control function of the switch unit is executed by the controller. It should be noted that the functions performed by the controller and the switch unit in the charging circuit and the discharging circuit in this case are feasible solutions determined by those skilled in the art based on the circuit principles of the solution.

[0088] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the chloride solution unevenly distributed in the direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode can adopt a multi-gradient distribution method, that is, at least three chloride solutions with different water absorption rates are distributed in sequence along the direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode in the order of water absorption rate.

[0089] Chloride solutions with various water absorption rates are distributed in sequence to form multi-gradient ion movement. When passing through the micropores, water molecules dissociate, resulting in multi-gradient directional migration of anions and cations, thereby increasing the charge transfer rate and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0090] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the water absorption rate of the chloride solution distributed on the water-absorbing material is gradually distributed from a preset first water absorption rate to a preset second water absorption rate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0091] In a specific implementation, the water absorption rate of the chloride solution distributed on the water-absorbing material is gradually distributed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The specific implementation process is:

[0092] In order to achieve uneven solution concentration and distribution, in the specific implementation, the immersion method can be adopted. A part of the cotton cloth serving as the water-absorbing material is pre-immersed in a chloride solution of a certain concentration, that is, in a salt solution. Then, metal conductive sheets are arranged on both sides of the cotton cloth, namely the immersion end and the non-immersion end, as the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0093] By immersing the battery, the salt solution can be kept between the positive and negative electrodes, and gradually distributed from a preset first water absorption rate to a preset second water absorption rate. During immersion, the first and second water absorption rates will change due to time. Generally, the immersion time can be set to maintain the first water absorption rate at 100% and the second water absorption rate at 10% or lower to ensure power generation efficiency.

[0094] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the water-absorbing material is a long strip of cotton cloth of a preset size, and the available size is 8 cm long and 5 cm wide.

[0095] The water-absorbing material may also be made of fiber cloth of preset size or other water-absorbing materials.

[0096] Metal conductive sheets, copper sheets or aluminum sheets are used on both sides of the water-absorbing material to clamp it. Any one of the metal conductive sheets is a copper sheet or an aluminum sheet, and the metal conductive sheets on both sides can use copper sheets or aluminum sheets.

[0097] It should be noted that the water-absorbing material and the metal conductive sheet selected in this embodiment are both preferred embodiments. In other embodiments, the specific materials to be used can be determined in this field according to the content of this solution.

[0098] It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A humidity power generation device, characterized in that: It includes water-absorbing material and two metal conductive sheets; Two metal conductive sheets are distributed at both ends of the water-absorbing material, serving as a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively; The water absorbing material has a chloride solution with uneven water absorption distributed in a direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode.

2. A humidity power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chloride solutions of the water-absorbing materials are distributed in sequence from the positive electrode to the negative electrode in the order of water absorption rate.

3. A humidity-generating electricity device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water absorption rate of the chloride solution distributed on the water-absorbing material is gradually distributed from a preset first water absorption rate to a preset second water absorption rate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

4. A humidity-generating electricity device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-absorbing material is cotton cloth or fiber cloth of preset size; Any metal conductive sheet is a copper sheet or an aluminum sheet.

5. A micro energy harvesting device, characterized in that: Including power-generating devices, capacitors, and batteries; The power generation device includes a number of humidity power generation devices connected in parallel and / or in series; The humidity power generation device includes a water-absorbing material and two metal conductive sheets; Two metal conductive sheets are distributed at both ends of the water-absorbing material, serving as a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively; The water absorbing material has a chloride solution with uneven water absorption distributed in a direction from the positive electrode to the negative electrode; The positive power supply electrode and the negative power supply electrode of the power generating device charge the capacitor through a charging circuit between the capacitor and the capacitor; The capacitor outputs the discharged electrical energy to the battery via a discharge circuit between the capacitor and the battery.

6. The micro energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The charging circuit is provided with a first switch unit; The first switch unit is used to control the charging circuit to be turned on or off; The discharge circuit is provided with a second switch unit; The second switch unit is used to control the discharge circuit to be turned on or off.

7. The micro energy harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes a controller; The controller is configured to control the first switch unit to be turned on when the capacitor is charged, and to control the first switch unit to be turned off when the capacitor is discharged; The second switch unit is used to control the second switch unit to be turned on when the capacitor is discharging, and to control the second switch unit to be turned off when the capacitor is charging.

8. The micro energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The chloride solutions of the water-absorbing materials are distributed in sequence from the positive electrode to the negative electrode in the order of water absorption rate.

9. The micro energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water absorption rate of the chloride solution distributed on the water-absorbing material is gradually distributed from a preset first water absorption rate to a preset second water absorption rate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

10. The micro energy harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water-absorbing material is cotton cloth or fiber cloth of preset size; Any metal conductive sheet is a copper sheet or an aluminum sheet.

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