Automatic detection and cleaning system for centralized dust removal and ash clogging

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of dust removal pipeline detection, and discloses an automatic detection and cleaning system for centralized dust removal and ash clogging. Comprising a fan and a plurality of dust removers which are arranged on a header pipe, and wind pressure sensors are arranged at the two ends of each dust remover; a plurality of wind pressure sensors are arranged on the branch pipe, and a tail end electric valve is arranged at the end part of the branch pipe. After the technical scheme of the utility model is implemented, the number of times of centralized dust removal and ash blocking is greatly reduced, and according to previous data checking, centralized dust removal and ash blocking occur 4-8 times every year before 2023, and the cleaning time for ash blocking each time is 1-2 hours. After the scheme is implemented, in 2023, the number of times of ash blocking is zero, the system sends out effective ash blocking early warning for 15 times, and ash removal is completed by automatically adjusting the frequency of the motor and opening and closing of each branch pipe valve through the system. Even if the system cannot automatically clean ash in the future, the estimated manual ash cleaning time can be controlled within 20 minutes, and the ash cleaning efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of dust removal pipeline detection, in particular to an automatic detection and cleaning system for centralized dust removal and ash blockage. Background Art

[0002] The tobacco industry's dust collection systems contain numerous dust collection pipes. During production, when the amount of ash suddenly increases, the airflow in the dust collection pipes cannot quickly remove the ash, causing the dust collection pipes to become clogged. This situation is more common in centralized dust collection systems. If the blockage is not discovered and addressed promptly, it can cause equipment downtime and disrupt normal production. Furthermore, centralized dust collectors handle the largest amount of ash in the entire dust collection system and are also the most prone to blockage. Addressing dust collector blockages is difficult and time-consuming, significantly impacting production.

[0003] Currently, dust removal relies primarily on manual inspections for blockages, using tapping and listening to detect blockages. This method relies heavily on experience, and not every worker can accurately identify and locate a blockage. If manual inspections fail to detect blockages in a timely manner, and the pipeline is only identified when negative pressure is absent at the gas terminal, the blockage is already severe, potentially causing equipment downtime and even damage. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system to solve the problem of untimely and low efficiency of manual dust cleaning in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A centralized dust removal and dust blockage automatic detection and cleaning system includes: a fan and a dust collector arranged on a main pipe, with wind pressure sensors provided at both ends of the dust collector; multiple wind pressure sensors arranged on branch pipes, and terminal electric valves arranged at the ends.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a plurality of inspection windows; each wind pressure sensor corresponds to one inspection window.

[0008] Preferably, an alarm device is also included; each wind pressure sensor corresponds to an alarm device.

[0009] Preferably, it further comprises a pipeline lamp; a pipeline lamp is provided on each branch pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the wind speed of the branch pipe is 20m / s.

[0011] Preferably, the air volume of the fan is 1.2 times the total air volume of the branch pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the dust collector is a bag dust collector.

[0013] Preferably, in the branch pipe, the pressure difference value of half-blockage increases by about 300 Pa, and the pressure difference value of full-blockage increases by about 800 Pa or more.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: After the implementation of the technical solution of the present invention, the number of blockages in centralized dust removal has dropped significantly. According to previous data, before 2023, there were 4-8 blockages in centralized dust removal each year, and each blockage took 1-2 hours to clean. After the implementation of this solution, there were 0 blockages in 2023, and the system issued 15 effective blockage warnings, all of which were completed by the system automatically adjusting the motor frequency and the switches of the branch valves for cleaning. Even if the system cannot automatically clean in the future, it is estimated that the manual cleaning time can be controlled within 20 minutes, which greatly improves the cleaning efficiency.

[0015] By adjusting the pulse jet frequency based on the pressure differential across the dust collector, the probability of dust collector blockage can be reduced, the service life of the filter bags can be increased, and the air consumption for jetting can be reduced. By 2023, the air consumption for centralized dust collection was reduced by 31%. A pressure differential alarm device is also installed. When the pressure differential across the dust collector exceeds 1200 Pa, an alarm is activated, alerting maintenance personnel to check for blockage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system of the utility model.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Fan; 2. Air pressure P1 sensor; 3. Centralized dust collector; 4. Air pressure P2 sensor; 5. Main pipe; 6. First inspection window; 7. Air pressure P3 sensor; 8. Second inspection window; 9. Air pressure P4 sensor; 10. First branch pipe; 11. Third inspection window; 12. Air pressure P5 sensor; 13. First electric valve; 14. Fourth inspection window; 15. Second branch pipe; 16. Fifth inspection window; 17. Air pressure P6 sensor; 18. Second electric valve; 19. Sixth inspection window; 20. Air pressure P7 sensor; 21. Seventh inspection window; 22. Air pressure P8 sensor; 23. Third branch pipe; 24. Eighth inspection window; 25. Air pressure P9 sensor; 26. Third electric valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0022] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used to refer to positions or locations based on the positions or locations shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate description and simplify operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0023] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] A centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system, such as Figure 1As shown, the system primarily consists of three branch pipes, a main pipe, a dust collector, and a fan. The diameter of the second branch pipe 15 is φ150mm, while the diameters of the first and third branch pipes 10 and 23 are φ250mm. The wind direction is from left to right, and the wind speed is 20m / s. The branch pipe air volume is calculated by adding the air volumes of the three branch pipes to obtain the total air volume required by the system. This system is designed with a 0.2 coefficient margin to allow for later adjustments to the operating frequency of Fan 1. Therefore, the air volume of Fan 1 is selected by multiplying the total air volume of the three branch pipes by 1.2. The pressure of Fan 1 is selected based on the pressure of 1800Pa at the end of the branch pipe. The pipe loss and the pressure differential of the dust collector are calculated. Adding 1800Pa to these two factors yields the required negative pressure for Fan 1. Similarly, a 0.2 margin is designed, so the full pressure of Fan 1 is selected by multiplying the required negative pressure by 1.2. Selecting Fan 1 according to this scheme provides the necessary power for later automatic pipeline cleaning.

[0025] An air pressure P1 sensor 2 and an air pressure P2 sensor 4 are installed on the main pipe 5 before and after the centralized dust collector 3. The centralized dust collector 3 adopts a bag dust collector, which can clean the soot on the surface of the filter bag by pulse spraying. The pulse spraying time interval is dynamically adjusted according to the pressure difference value of the centralized dust collector. The centralized dust collector 3 is equipped with a pressure difference detection device. When 0≤dust collector pressure difference≤200Pa, the pulse spraying time interval is adjusted to 28s. The specific adjustment method is shown in Table 1. When the dust collector pressure difference exceeds 1200Pa for 5 minutes, the system will issue a centralized dust collector 3 blockage alarm. When the dust collector pressure difference rises by more than 500Pa within 1 hour, the system will issue a dust collector blockage alarm. The above alarm setting values ​​of 1200Pa and 500Pa can be modified according to actual conditions.

[0026] In this embodiment, centralized dust collector 3 is responsible for collecting ash from the 29 dust collectors on three branch pipes. When 15 or more dust collectors are in operation on a branch pipe, the pulse injection interval 1 in Table 1 is adjusted. When fewer than 15 dust collectors are in operation, the pulse injection interval 2 is adjusted. This allows for a longer injection interval when handling smaller amounts of ash, thereby reducing injection gas consumption. A more detailed division can also be made based on the number of dust collectors in operation.

[0027] Table 1 Dust collector pressure difference rain pulse injection time interval

[0028] Dust collector pressure difference P(Pa) Pulse injection time interval 1(S) Pulse injection time interval 2(S) 1000≤P 8 12 800≤P＜1000 10 14 600≤P＜800 12 16 400≤P＜600 16 20 400≤P＜600 20 24 200≤P＜400 24 28 0≤P＜200 28 32

[0029] A wind pressure P6 sensor 17 is installed on the second branch pipe 15, and a wind pressure P3 sensor 7, a wind pressure P4 sensor 9, and a wind pressure P5 sensor 12 are installed on the first branch pipe 10. A wind pressure P7 sensor 20, a wind pressure P8 sensor 22, and a wind pressure P9 sensor 25 are installed on the third branch pipe 23. A second electric valve 18 is installed at the end of the second branch pipe 15, a first electric valve 13 is installed at the end of the first branch pipe 10, and a third electric valve 26 is installed at the end of the third branch pipe 23. Based on long-term observation and calculation of data, the average difference P between the two adjacent sensors, wind pressure P2 sensor 4 and wind pressure P7 sensor 20, is 0. 27 is 760Pa. Similarly, the pressure difference P of adjacent wind pressure sensors is 78 440Pa, P 89 239Pa, P 23 563Pa, P 34 455Pa, P 45 382Pa, P 64 The average pressure difference between adjacent air pressure sensors is 576 Pa. Blockage simulation tests conducted between adjacent sensors in the pipeline concluded that the blockage percentage and pressure differential are not linearly related. Blockage is defined as partial blockage and full blockage. A partial blockage indicates a pressure differential increase of approximately 300 Pa, while a full blockage indicates a pressure differential increase of approximately 800 Pa or more. Based on the average pressure differential, when the pressure differential between any adjacent air pressure sensors exceeds 300 Pa, the operating frequency of fan 1 is increased by 5 Hz. The pipeline light between the air pressure sensors turns red, indicating a blockage. If the blockage is on the second branch pipe 15, the second electric valve 13 at the end of the branch pipe is closed. After 5 seconds, the second electric valve 13 is opened and the third electric valve 18 is closed. After 5 seconds, the third electric valve 18 is opened and the second electric valve 13 is closed. This cycle is repeated five times, with the electric valves remaining fully open. If the pressure differential between adjacent air pressure sensors continues to exceed 300 Pa, the operating frequency of fan 1 is increased to 50 Hz and an alarm is issued. When the first branch pipe 10 or the third branch pipe 23 is blocked, the first electric valve 13 and the third electric valve 26 at the end of the branch pipe are switched. When the pressure difference value of any adjacent wind pressure sensor rises above 800Pa, the operating frequency of the fan 1 is increased to 50Hz and an alarm is issued.

[0030] The pipelines are equipped with a first inspection window 6, a second inspection window 8, a third inspection window 11, a fourth inspection window 14, a fifth inspection window 16, a sixth inspection window 19, a seventh inspection window 21, and an eighth inspection window 24. Each inspection window corresponds to a wind pressure sensor. If the system fails to automatically clean dust, the inspection window of the corresponding pipeline can be opened manually for cleaning.

[0031] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the manner in which the present invention is to be implemented. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system, characterized in that: include: A fan and a dust collector are arranged on the main pipe, and wind pressure sensors are arranged at both ends of the dust collector; multiple wind pressure sensors are arranged on the branch pipes, and terminal electric valves are arranged at the ends.

2. The centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes multiple inspection windows; each wind pressure sensor corresponds to one inspection window.

3. The centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an alarm device; each wind pressure sensor corresponds to an alarm device.

4. The centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes pipeline lights; a pipeline light is set on each branch pipe.

5. The centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wind speed of the branch pipe is 20m / s.

6. The centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air volume of the fan is 1.2 times the total air volume of the branch pipe.

7. The centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dust collector is a bag dust collector.

8. The centralized dust removal and ash blockage automatic detection and cleaning system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the branch pipe, the pressure difference value of the half-blocked pipe increases by about 300Pa, and the pressure difference value of the full-blocked pipe increases by about 800Pa or more.

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