Spindle motor cooling structure and numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and discloses a spindle motor cooling structure and a numerical control machine tool, the spindle motor cooling structure comprises a spindle seat and a spindle motor, a motor box body is formed on the spindle seat, a cooling cavity is arranged in the motor box body, the spindle motor is arranged in the cooling cavity, and the side wall of the cooling cavity wraps a shell of the spindle motor. A motor cooling liquid channel is formed between the motor cooling liquid channel and the main shaft motor and is wound on the periphery of the main shaft motor, a liquid inlet is formed in one end of the motor cooling liquid channel, and a liquid outlet is formed in the other end of the motor cooling liquid channel. The main shaft motor cooling structure provided by the utility model can rapidly cool the main shaft motor, greatly reduce the heat transferred from the main shaft motor to the main shaft, reduce the thermal expansion phenomenon of the main shaft, and improve the machining precision of a numerical control machine tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools, in particular to a spindle motor cooling structure and a numerically controlled machine tool. Background Art

[0002] CNC machine tools, full name digital control machine tools, are automated equipment that use digital technology to control the movement and processing of machine tools through preset programs.

[0003] As the core component of CNC machine tools, the spindle not only carries the tool and drives it to rotate at high speed to achieve material cutting, but also bears the responsibility of transmitting torque and bearing cutting force. Its performance is directly related to the processing accuracy of the machine tool.

[0004] The spindle motor generates a large amount of heat during operation due to its continuous high-speed operation. This heat is gradually transferred to the spindle through heat conduction, causing the spindle material to expand thermally, changing its original geometric shape and size, and then causing the relative position between the tool and the workpiece to deviate, ultimately affecting the finish and dimensional accuracy of the machined surface.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a spindle motor cooling structure and a CNC machine tool to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a spindle motor cooling structure and a CNC machine tool, which can quickly cool the spindle motor, significantly reduce the heat transferred from the spindle motor to the spindle, alleviate the thermal expansion of the spindle, and improve the processing accuracy of the CNC machine tool.

[0007] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, a spindle motor cooling structure is provided, comprising a spindle seat and a spindle motor, wherein a motor housing is formed on the spindle seat, a cooling cavity is arranged in the motor housing, the spindle motor is installed in the cooling cavity, the side walls of the cooling cavity cover the outer shell of the spindle motor, and a motor cooling liquid channel is formed therebetween, the motor cooling liquid channel is arranged around the outer circumference of the spindle motor, a liquid inlet is arranged at one end of the motor cooling liquid channel, and a liquid outlet is arranged at the other end.

[0009] Preferably, the motor cooling liquid channel is arranged along a spiral curve around the axis of the spindle motor.

[0010] Preferably, a cooling groove is provided on the outer shell of the spindle motor, and the cooling groove extends around the outer periphery of the spindle motor. The cooling groove and the side wall of the cooling cavity enclose each other to form the motor cooling liquid channel.

[0011] Preferably, the spindle seat is provided with a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel, one end of the liquid inlet channel is connected to the lower end of the cooling tank, and the other end serves as the liquid inlet for connecting to the liquid inlet pipe of the coolant, and one end of the liquid outlet channel is connected to the upper end of the cooling tank, and the other end serves as the liquid outlet for connecting to the liquid outlet pipe of the coolant.

[0012] Preferably, the housing comprises a barrel, an upper end cover and a lower end cover, the upper end cover is locked to the upper end of the barrel, the lower end cover is locked to the lower end of the barrel, and the cooling groove is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the barrel;

[0013] The upper end cover is provided with a flange extending outward, the upper end of the cooling cavity is provided with a mounting step, and the flange is mounted on and locked to the mounting step.

[0014] Preferably, a heat dissipation portion is provided on the outer wall of the motor housing, the heat dissipation portion covers the motor cooling liquid channel from the outside, and the heat dissipation portion has a concave-convex surface structure.

[0015] Preferably, the heat dissipation portion is configured as a plurality of annular protrusions spaced apart along the axis direction of the spindle motor, the annular protrusions forming the convex portion of the concave-convex surface structure, and the grooves between adjacent annular protrusions forming the concave portion of the concave-convex surface structure; or

[0016] The heat dissipation portion is configured as a heat dissipation fin structure or a heat dissipation fin structure.

[0017] Preferably, a first sealing ring is provided at one end of the spindle motor, and a second sealing ring is provided at the other end of the spindle motor. The first sealing ring and the second sealing ring both seal the gap between the outer shell of the spindle motor and the side wall of the cooling cavity. The motor cooling liquid channel is located between the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring.

[0018] Preferably, the spindle seat is formed by casting a metal material.

[0019] In a second aspect, a numerically controlled machine tool is provided, comprising a machine base and the spindle motor cooling structure as described above, wherein the spindle base is slidably arranged on the machine base along a vertical direction.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0021] The spindle motor cooling structure provided by the utility model has a cooling cavity disposed within the motor housing. The sidewalls of the cooling cavity surround the outer shell of the spindle motor, forming a motor cooling channel disposed around the outer periphery of the spindle motor. The motor cooling channel is connected to an external coolant supply device via a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. In the operating state, the coolant supply device introduces coolant into the motor cooling channel. The motor cooling channel is attached to the outer periphery of the spindle motor, enabling efficient heat exchange between the coolant and the spindle motor, thereby quickly removing the heat generated by the spindle motor, effectively cooling the spindle motor, and significantly reducing the heat transferred from the spindle motor to the spindle, thereby alleviating thermal expansion of the spindle and improving the machining accuracy of the CNC machine tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the spindle motor cooling structure provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the spindle motor cooling structure provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the spindle motor provided by the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main shaft seat provided by the utility model.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 10. Motor cooling liquid channel; 20. Cooling tank; 31. Liquid inlet channel; 32. Liquid outlet channel; 40. Sealing groove; 41. First sealing ring; 42. Second sealing ring; 50. Heat dissipation portion; 51. Circular protrusion; 52. Groove;

[0028] 100, spindle seat; 110, motor housing; 120, cooling cavity; 121, installation step;

[0029] 200, spindle motor; 210, barrel; 220, upper end cover; 221, flange; 230, lower end cover; 240, upper cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0033] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0034] This embodiment provides a CNC machine tool, which includes a machine base, a spindle motor cooling structure and a spindle. It can be understood that the machine base can be, for example, a beam of the machine tool. Figures 1-4 As shown, the spindle motor cooling structure includes a spindle base 100 and a spindle motor 200. The spindle base 100 is slidably arranged on the machine base in the vertical direction. The spindle is rotatably arranged on the spindle base 100 and is transmission-connected to the output shaft of the spindle motor 200. The spindle motor 200 is fixedly installed on the spindle base 100.

[0035] Further, such as Figures 1-4As shown, a motor housing 110 is formed on the spindle seat 100, and a cooling cavity 120 is arranged in the motor housing 110. The spindle motor 200 is installed in the cooling cavity 120. The side wall of the cooling cavity 120 covers the outer shell of the spindle motor 200, and a motor cooling liquid channel 10 is formed therebetween. The motor cooling liquid channel 10 is arranged around the outer periphery of the spindle motor 200. A liquid inlet is provided at one end of the motor cooling liquid channel 10, and a liquid outlet is provided at the other end. The liquid inlet is connected to the liquid outlet end of an external cooling liquid supply device through a pipeline, and the liquid outlet is connected to the liquid return end of the external cooling liquid supply device through a pipeline.

[0036] Specifically, the CNC machine tool provided in this embodiment has a cooling cavity 120 disposed within a motor housing 110. The side walls of the cooling cavity 120 cover the outer shell of the spindle motor 200, and a motor cooling liquid channel 10 is formed therebetween, which is disposed around the periphery of the spindle motor 200. The motor cooling liquid channel 10 is connected to an external coolant supply device through a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. In the working state, the coolant supply device introduces coolant into the motor cooling liquid channel 10, and the motor cooling liquid channel 10 is attached to the periphery of the spindle motor 200, so that heat can be efficiently exchanged between the coolant and the spindle motor 200, thereby quickly taking away the heat generated by the spindle motor 200, effectively cooling the spindle motor 200, and significantly reducing the heat transferred from the spindle motor 200 to the spindle, thereby reducing the thermal expansion of the spindle and improving the machining accuracy of the CNC machine tool.

[0037] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the outer shell of the spindle motor 200 is provided with a cooling groove 20. The cooling groove 20 extends around the outer periphery of the spindle motor 200. The cooling groove 20 and the sidewalls of the cooling cavity 120 enclose a motor cooling channel 10. Specifically, the outer shell includes a barrel 210, an upper end cover 220, and a lower end cover 230. The upper end cover 220 is fastened to the upper end of the barrel 210 by fastening screws, and the lower end cover 230 is fastened to the lower end of the barrel 210 by fastening screws. The cooling groove 20 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the barrel 210. It can be understood that the motor cooling liquid channel 10 is embedded in the outer periphery of the barrel 210, and the heat-generating structures such as the stator and rotor in the outer shell directly transfer heat to the outer shell during operation, mainly to the barrel 210, and the coolant flowing in the cooling groove 20 can quickly take away the heat on the barrel 210. Compared with the external heat dissipation structure, the cooling medium is closer to the heat source and the cooling effect is better. It also hinders the heat transfer path of the spindle motor 200 to the spindle through the spindle seat 100, further reducing the thermal expansion of the spindle.

[0038] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the barrel 210 of the spindle motor 200 can also be set to a flat curved surface or plane structure, and a groove structure can be opened on the side wall of the cooling cavity 120. The groove structure and the outer wall of the barrel 210 are enclosed to form a motor cooling liquid channel 10, which can also achieve the effect of directly cooling the outer shell of the spindle motor 200.

[0039] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the outer shell of the spindle motor 200 is a cylindrical structure, and the cooling cavity 120 is also configured as a corresponding cylindrical cavity structure. The motor cooling liquid channel 10 is arranged along a spiral curve around the axis of the spindle motor 200, that is, the cooling groove 20 is arranged along a spiral curve around the barrel 210. Preferably, the ratio of the height dimension of the cooling groove 20 to the height dimension of the barrel 210 is 50%-90%. The cooling groove 20 is arranged in the center of the barrel 210 in the height direction to ensure that the motor cooling liquid channel 10 has sufficient effective heat exchange length, the coolant can fully exchange heat with the spindle motor 200, and the cooling effect is guaranteed.

[0040] In other embodiments, the motor coolant channel 10 may also extend along other circuitous paths covering the barrel 210 , such as a path circuitous in the vertical direction.

[0041] For example, Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the output shaft of the spindle motor 200 passes vertically downward through the cooling cavity 120. The spindle base 100 is provided with a liquid inlet channel 31 and a liquid outlet channel 32. Both the liquid inlet channel 31 and the liquid outlet channel 32 radially penetrate the cooling cavity 120. One end of the liquid inlet channel 31 is connected to the lower end of the cooling tank 20, and the other end serves as a liquid inlet for connecting to the liquid inlet pipe of the coolant. One end of the liquid outlet channel 32 is connected to the upper end of the cooling tank 20, and the other end serves as a liquid outlet for connecting to the liquid outlet pipe of the coolant. During operation, after the coolant enters from the lower end of the cooling tank 20, the coolant spirals upward along the cooling tank 20 to the upper end of the cooling tank 20, and then flows out through the liquid outlet channel 32. The temperature of the coolant is lower when it initially flows in, so the cooling effect on the lower part of the spindle motor 200 is better than that on the upper part. Since the spindle is installed at the lower end of the spindle motor 200, the temperature control requirement for the lower part of the spindle motor 200 is higher. The flow direction setting of the coolant in this embodiment is consistent with this requirement, which can effectively reduce the heat transferred from the spindle motor 200 to the spindle.

[0042] For example, Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the upper end cover 220 is provided with a flange 221 extending outward, the upper end of the cooling cavity 120 is provided with a mounting step 121, the flange 221 is placed on the mounting step 121, and the upper end of the upper end cover 220 is installed with an upper cover 240. The four corners of the upper cover 240 are respectively locked to the mounting step 121 by fastening bolts, and the installation stability of the spindle motor 200 is high.

[0043] For example, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a first sealing ring 41 is provided at one end of the spindle motor 200, and a second sealing ring 42 is provided at the other end of the spindle motor 200. Both the first sealing ring 41 and the second sealing ring 42 seal the gap between the outer shell of the spindle motor 200 and the side wall of the cooling chamber 120. The motor cooling channel 10 is located between the first sealing ring 41 and the second sealing ring 42. Specifically, a first sealing groove 40 is provided at the upper end of the outer wall of the barrel 210, and the first sealing ring 41 is embedded in the first sealing groove 40. A second sealing groove 40 is provided at the lower end of the outer wall of the barrel 210, and the second sealing ring 42 is embedded in the second sealing groove 40. The cooling groove 20 is located between the first sealing groove 40 and the second sealing groove 40. The first sealing ring 41 and the second sealing ring 42 achieve sealing at both the upper and lower ends of the motor cooling channel 10 to prevent coolant leakage.

[0044] Exemplarily, the first sealing ring 41 and the second sealing ring 42 are both rubber sealing rings.

[0045] For example, the barrel 210 is cast from metal materials such as cast iron and high-strength alloy steel, and the cooling groove 20 is formed during the casting process without the need for cutting, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

[0046] For example, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a heat dissipation portion 50 is provided on the outer wall of the motor case 110, and the heat dissipation portion 50 covers the motor cooling liquid channel 10 from the outside. The heat dissipation portion 50 has a concave-convex surface structure. The setting of the concave-convex surface structure can increase the heat exchange area between the outer wall of the motor case 110 and the external air, thereby improving the natural cooling effect of the motor case 110.

[0047] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the heat dissipation portion 50 is configured as a plurality of annular protrusions 51 spaced apart along the axis of the spindle motor 200. The annular protrusions 51 form the convex portion of a concave-convex surface structure, while the grooves 52 between adjacent annular protrusions 51 form the concave portion of the concave-convex surface structure. The top and side surfaces of the annular protrusions 51 and the bottom surfaces of the grooves 52 can all exchange heat with the external air. Furthermore, the multiple horizontally arranged channel structures accelerate the flow of air on the outer surface of the motor housing 110, further improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0048] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation portion 50 is configured as a heat dissipation fin structure or a heat dissipation fin structure. Although the manufacturing cost is higher, it can achieve better heat dissipation effect. Technicians can select the structure of the heat dissipation portion 50 according to heat dissipation requirements.

[0049] For example, the spindle seat 100 is made of metal materials such as cast iron, high-strength alloy steel, etc., and has good heat resistance, wear resistance and shock absorption.

[0050] For example, the spindle seat 100 is integrally formed by a casting process, and has wide adaptability and low manufacturing cost.

[0051] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the manner in which the present invention is to be implemented. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spindle motor cooling structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a spindle seat (100) and a spindle motor (200), wherein a motor housing (110) is formed on the spindle seat (100), a cooling cavity (120) is arranged in the motor housing (110), the spindle motor (200) is installed in the cooling cavity (120), the side wall of the cooling cavity (120) covers the outer shell of the spindle motor (200), and a motor cooling liquid channel (10) is formed between the two, the motor cooling liquid channel (10) is arranged around the outer periphery of the spindle motor (200), a liquid inlet is arranged at one end of the motor cooling liquid channel (10), and a liquid outlet is arranged at the other end.

2. The spindle motor cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein: The motor cooling liquid channel (10) is arranged along a spiral curve around the axis of the spindle motor (200).

3. The spindle motor cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein: A cooling groove (20) is provided on the outer shell of the spindle motor (200), and the cooling groove (20) extends around the outer periphery of the spindle motor (200). The cooling groove (20) and the side wall of the cooling cavity (120) enclose each other to form the motor cooling liquid channel (10).

4. The spindle motor cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein: The spindle seat (100) is provided with a liquid inlet channel (31) and a liquid outlet channel (32), one end of the liquid inlet channel (31) is connected to the lower end of the cooling groove (20), and the other end serves as the liquid inlet for connecting to the liquid inlet pipe of the cooling liquid, and one end of the liquid outlet channel (32) is connected to the upper end of the cooling groove (20), and the other end serves as the liquid outlet for connecting to the liquid outlet pipe of the cooling liquid.

5. The spindle motor cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein: The housing includes a barrel (210), an upper end cover (220) and a lower end cover (230), wherein the upper end cover (220) is locked to the upper end of the barrel (210), and the lower end cover (230) is locked to the lower end of the barrel (210), and the cooling groove (20) is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the barrel (210); The upper end cover (220) is provided with a flange (221) extending outward, the upper end of the cooling cavity (120) is provided with a mounting step (121), and the flange (221) is mounted on the mounting step (121).

6. The spindle motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A heat dissipation portion (50) is provided on the outer wall of the motor housing (110), the heat dissipation portion (50) covers the motor cooling liquid channel (10) from the outside, and the heat dissipation portion (50) has a concave-convex surface structure.

7. The spindle motor cooling structure according to claim 6, wherein: The heat dissipation portion (50) is configured as a plurality of annular protrusions (51) spaced apart along the axis direction of the spindle motor (200), the annular protrusions (51) forming the convex portion of the concave-convex surface structure, and the grooves (52) between adjacent annular protrusions (51) forming the concave portion of the concave-convex surface structure; or The heat dissipation portion (50) is configured as a heat dissipation fin structure or a heat dissipation fin structure.

8. The spindle motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A first sealing ring (41) is sleeved on one end of the spindle motor (200), and a second sealing ring (42) is sleeved on the other end of the spindle motor (200). The first sealing ring (41) and the second sealing ring (42) both seal the gap between the outer shell of the spindle motor (200) and the side wall of the cooling cavity (120). The motor cooling liquid channel (10) is located between the first sealing ring (41) and the second sealing ring (42).

9. The spindle motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The main shaft seat (100) is formed by casting a metal material.

10. A CNC machine tool, characterized in that: It comprises a machine base and a spindle motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the spindle base (100) is slidably arranged on the machine base in a vertical direction.

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