Vehicle electrical system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vehicle electrical system, which is used for respectively supplying a 48V power supply and a 24V / 12V power supply to an electrical device group in a vehicle, and comprises a power battery, a first direct-current converter, a 48V storage battery and at least one electrical box, the first direct-current converter is electrically connected between the power battery and the 48V storage battery and is used for converting a high-voltage power supply of the power battery into the 48V power supply, and the first direct-current converter is electrically connected between the first direct-current converter and the 48V storage battery. The electric appliance box comprises a second direct-current converter, the second direct-current converter is electrically connected between the 48V storage battery and part of the electric device sets and used for converting a 48V power source of the 48V storage battery into a 24V / 12V power source, and other electric device sets are directly connected with the 48V storage battery through the electric appliance box. According to the utility model, the power supply requirement of the electric device group in the vehicle is met, the coexistence of a 48V electrical system and a 24V / 12V electrical system is realized, the electrical connection cost of the whole vehicle is reduced, and more vehicle electrical functions are added.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile electrical technology, in particular to a vehicle electrical system. Background Art

[0002] Traditional cars require only a small number of electrical components (such as the starter, lights, and radio) to be powered. However, with the incorporation of new features in modern vehicles, including advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), air suspension, rear-wheel steering, and seat comfort adjustment, the demand for electrical power continues to grow. Maintaining acceptable power losses in traditional car 12V / 24V electrical systems requires thicker cables and larger connectors, which not only increases cost and weight but also makes the vehicle interior more crowded.

[0003] Therefore, the introduction of a 48V electrical system is necessary to solve the above problems and improve the performance and efficiency of the vehicle. However, if the entire vehicle's electrical system is upgraded to 48V, the cost of the vehicle's electrical connection will increase significantly.

[0004] Therefore, a new vehicle electrical system is needed to solve the problem of high cost of automobile electrical connections. Utility Model Content

[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a vehicle electrical system to at least partially address the problem of high automotive electrical connection costs.

[0006] The specific technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are as follows:

[0007] The present disclosure proposes a vehicle electrical system for supplying 48V power and 24V / 12V power to electrical component groups in the vehicle respectively, including a power battery, a first DC converter, a 48V battery and at least one electrical box, wherein the first DC converter is electrically connected between the power battery and the 48V battery, and is used to convert the high-voltage power of the power battery into a 48V power. The electrical box includes a second DC converter, which is electrically connected between the 48V battery and part of the electrical component groups, and is used to convert the 48V power of the 48V battery into a 24V / 12V power. The other electrical component groups are directly connected to the 48V battery through the electrical box.

[0008] Preferably, the input end of the electrical box is directly electrically connected to the first DC converter.

[0009] Preferably, a 48V input interface, a grounding interface, a 48V output interface and a 24V / 12V output interface are provided on the electrical box, the 48V input interface is electrically connected to the 48V battery and / or the first DC converter, and the 48V output interface and the 24V / 12V output interface are electrically connected to different electrical component groups respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the electrical box further includes an EFUSE, one end of the EFUSE is connected to the 48V input interface, and the other end is connected to part of the electrical component group.

[0011] Preferably, the electrical box further includes a fuse, one end of the fuse is connected to the second DC converter, and the other end of the fuse is connected to part of the electrical component group.

[0012] Preferably, the electrical box further includes a relay, and the relay is arranged between the second DC converter and the fuse.

[0013] Preferably, the electrical box further includes a communication interface and a control unit, and the control unit is connected to the communication interface, the second DC converter and the control end of the relay respectively.

[0014] Preferably, there are multiple electrical appliance boxes, and the multiple electrical appliance boxes are connected in series or in parallel.

[0015] Preferably, the electrical appliance box includes a cockpit electrical appliance box and a front cabin electrical appliance box, and the 48V input interface of the front cabin electrical appliance box is connected to the 48V output interface of the cockpit electrical appliance box.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present disclosure are as follows:

[0017] The electrical box provides 48V power and 24V / 12V power to the electrical component groups in the vehicle respectively, meeting the power supply needs of the electrical component groups in the vehicle, realizing the coexistence of the 48V electrical system and the 24V / 12V electrical system, reducing the electrical connection cost of the entire vehicle and adding more vehicle electrical functions.

[0018] In addition, the vehicle electrical system in the present disclosure does not have a 24V / 12V battery, which reduces the weight of the entire vehicle electrical system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the vehicle electrical system disclosed herein;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the front cabin electrical box disclosed herein;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the cockpit electrical box disclosed herein;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a circuit connection diagram of the vehicle electrical system disclosed in the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals:

[0025] 100, power battery; 200, on-board charger; 210, first DC converter; 221, high-voltage positive electrode interface; 222, high-voltage negative electrode interface; 300, 48V battery; 410, second DC converter; 420, 48V input interface; 430, 48V output interface; 440, ground interface; 450, 24V / 12V output interface; 460, control unit; 470, communication interface; 481, EFUSE; 482, fuse; 483, relay; 510, cockpit electrical box; 520, front cabin electrical box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described below in conjunction with the drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure and are not used to limit the present disclosure. In addition, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other if no conflict occurs.

[0027] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides a vehicle electrical system for supplying 48V power and 24V / 12V power to electrical component groups in the vehicle, respectively. The system includes a power battery 100, a first DC converter 210, a 48V battery 300, and at least one electrical box. The first DC converter 210 is electrically connected between the power battery 100 and the 48V battery 300 and is used to convert the high-voltage power of the power battery 100 into a 48V power. The electrical box includes a second DC converter 410. The second DC converter 410 is electrically connected between the 48V battery 300 and some electrical component groups and is used to convert the 48V power of the 48V battery 300 into a 24V / 12V power. Other electrical component groups are directly connected to the 48V battery 300 through the electrical box.

[0028] The power battery 100 provides power to the entire vehicle's electrical component group through the first DC converter 210. The first DC converter 210 can be integrated into the on-board charger 200. The on-board charger 200 may include a high-voltage positive terminal 221 and a high-voltage negative terminal 222. The power battery 100 is connected to the high-voltage positive terminal 221 and the high-voltage negative terminal 222 to transmit the high-voltage power supply to the on-board charger 200. The 48V battery 300 can be a lithium battery. The 48V battery 300 receives the 48V power supply voltage and transmits it to the electrical box. At least one means one or more than one. This does not limit the number of electrical boxes included in the vehicle electrical system in this embodiment.

[0029] The partial electrical component group includes multiple electrical components, such as the front motor controller, left and right domain controllers, ESP motor, ESP valve, electronic wipers, left and right front combination lamps, audio and video head unit, gateway, onboard diagnostic system, ignition power circuit, airbag controller, accessory power circuit, USB power circuit, front and rear backup power supplies, seat comfort circuit, interior lighting power supply, rear domain controller, rear motor controller, power battery 100, onboard charger 200, power amplifier circuit, intelligent driving controller, electric strut, tailgate lock, rear wiper, and rear windshield. These electrical components require a 24V or 12V power supply voltage. This means that the second DC converter 410 in the electrical box can convert the 48V power supply voltage into a 24V / 12V power supply voltage and transmit it to these electrical components.

[0030] As can be understood, the power battery 100 includes an output interface and an input interface. The output interface is electrically connected to the first DC converter 210 for outputting high-voltage power. The input interface is electrically connected to the second DC converter 410 for receiving 24V / 12V power.

[0031] The other electrical components group also includes multiple electrical components, such as a water pump, air conditioning blower, front sunroof, front drive motor cooling oil pump, window regulator, first seat adjuster, front electric power steering, rear sunroof, rear calipers, air suspension compressor, rear air conditioning blower, second seat adjuster, rear electric power steering, and rear drive motor cooling oil pump. All of these electrical components require a 48V power supply voltage, meaning they can be directly connected to a 48V battery 300 via the electrical box to receive the 48V power supply voltage.

[0032] In this embodiment, the electrical box is used to provide 48V power supply and 24V / 12V power supply to the electrical component group in the vehicle, respectively, thereby meeting the power supply requirements of the electrical component group in the vehicle, realizing the coexistence of the 48V electrical system and the 24V / 12V electrical system, reducing the electrical connection cost of the entire vehicle and adding more vehicle electrical functions.

[0033] In addition, the vehicle electrical system in this embodiment does not include a 24V / 12V battery, thereby reducing the weight of the entire vehicle electrical system.

[0034] In some embodiments, the input terminal of the electrical box is directly electrically connected to the first DC converter 210 .

[0035] The input end of the electrical box can be directly electrically connected to the first DC converter 210. At this time, the first DC converter 210 converts the high-voltage power transmitted by the power battery 100 into a 48V power supply and directly inputs it into the electrical box. The transmission method of the above power supply skips the 48V battery 300.

[0036] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The electrical box is provided with a 48V input interface 420, a grounding interface 440, a 48V output interface 430 and a 24V / 12V output interface 450. The 48V input interface 420 is electrically connected to the 48V battery 300 and / or the first DC converter 210, and the 48V output interface 430 and the 24V / 12V output interface 450 are electrically connected to different electrical component groups respectively.

[0037] The 48V input interface 420 receives a 48V power supply voltage from the 48V battery 300 and / or the first DC converter 210 , and transmits the 48V power supply voltage to the 48V output interface 430 in the electrical box.

[0038] In addition, the 48V power supply voltage is also transmitted to the second DC converter 410 , which converts the 48V power supply voltage into 24V / 12V and outputs it through the 24V / 12V output interface 450 .

[0039] The 48V output interface 430 and the 24V / 12V output interface 450 are respectively connected to different electrical component groups. It can be understood that the power supply voltages of the electrical components included in the electrical component groups are 48V or 24V / 12V respectively.

[0040] The ground interface 440 of the electrical box is connected to the ground terminal of the vehicle.

[0041] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The electrical box also includes EFUSE481, one end of EFUSE481 is connected to the 48V input interface 420, and the other end is connected to a part of the electrical component group.

[0042] EFUSE481 is an electronic fuse with a nominal voltage of up to 48V. EFUSE481 can provide more reliable overload protection for electrical components with a power supply voltage of 48V.

[0043] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The electrical box further includes a fuse 482 , one end of the fuse 482 is connected to the second DC converter 410 , and the other end is connected to a portion of the electrical component group.

[0044] The nominal voltage of fuse 482 can reach 32V. Compared with EFUSE481, fuse 482 is cheaper. Using it as an overload protection device for electrical components with a power supply voltage of 24V / 12V not only meets the voltage requirements but also saves costs for the vehicle electrical system.

[0045] In other embodiments, EFUSE 481 may be used instead of fuse 482 .

[0046] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The electrical box further includes a relay 483 , which is disposed between the second DC converter 410 and the fuse 482 .

[0047] The vehicle's electrical system contains some electrical components that don't need to operate for extended periods of time. Relay 483 can be provided to control the on / off power supply voltage for these components, improving the reliability of the vehicle's electrical system. These components include the ignition power circuit, airbag controller, accessory power circuit, USB power circuit, front and rear backup power supplies, seat comfort circuit, interior lighting power supply, rear wiper, and rear windshield.

[0048] In other embodiments, EFUSE 481 may be used instead of the combination of relay 483 and fuse 482 .

[0049] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The electrical box further includes a communication interface 470 and a control unit 460 , and the control unit 460 is connected to the communication interface 470 , the second DC converter 410 and the control end of the relay 483 respectively.

[0050] The control unit 460 is connected to the second DC converter 410 to obtain the working state and output power of the second DC converter 410 .

[0051] The control unit 460 is also connected to the control end of the relay 483 and provides a control signal to the control end. The control signal controls the closing and opening of the relay 483 .

[0052] The control unit 460 is connected to the communication interface, so that the electrical box can communicate with the vehicle network through the CAN line. Specifically, the electrical box sends the working status of EFUSE481 and / or fuse 482 and the second DC converter 410 to the vehicle network through the CAN line, and obtains necessary messages such as the working instructions of the relay 483.

[0053] In addition, the control unit 460 also communicates with the EFUSE 481 to obtain the working status of the EFUSE 481 .

[0054] In some embodiments, there are multiple electrical boxes, and the multiple electrical boxes are connected in series or in parallel.

[0055] Multiple means two or more than two. There is no specific restriction on the number of electrical boxes included in the vehicle electrical system in this embodiment. At the same time, there is no restriction on the connection relationship between the multiple electrical boxes. They can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0056] As an example, the electrical box may include a cockpit electrical box 510 and a front cabin electrical box 520. The 48V input interface 420 of the front cabin electrical box 520 may be connected to the 48V output interface 430 of the cockpit electrical box 510. It will be appreciated that the cockpit electrical box 510 and the front cabin electrical box 520 are connected in series. The cockpit electrical box 510 can provide power to electrical components in the cockpit, while the front cabin electrical box 520 can provide power to electrical components in the front cabin and on the instrument panel.

[0057] The electrical components in the cockpit include the rear sunroof, rear calipers, air suspension compressor, rear air conditioning blower, second seat adjuster, rear electric power steering, rear drive motor cooling oil pump, rear domain controller, rear motor controller, power battery 100, onboard charger 200, power amplifier circuit, intelligent driving controller, electric support rod, tailgate lock, rear wiper and rear windshield. Figure 4 , the figure shows some of the electrical components in the vehicle located in the cabin.

[0058] The electrical components located in the front cabin include the water pump, air conditioning blower, front sunroof, front drive motor cooling oil pump, window regulator, first seat regulator, front wheel electric power steering, front motor controller, left domain controller, right domain controller, ESP motor, ESP valve, electronic wipers, left front combination lamp, right front combination lamp, audio and video head unit, gateway, on-board diagnostics (OBD), ignition power circuit, airbag controller, accessory power circuit, USB power circuit, front backup power supply, rear backup power supply, seat comfort circuit, and interior lighting power supply. Figure 4 The figure shows some of the electrical components in the vehicle located in the front cabin, among which the water pump is located in the heat pump module.

[0059] Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0060] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Thus, if such changes and modifications of the embodiments of the present disclosure fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalents, the present disclosure is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A vehicle electrical system for supplying 48V power and 24V / 12V power to a group of electrical components in a vehicle, characterized in that: It includes a power battery, a first DC converter, a 48V battery and at least one electrical box. The first DC converter is electrically connected between the power battery and the 48V battery, and is used to convert the high-voltage power supply of the power battery into a 48V power supply. The electrical box includes a second DC converter. The second DC converter is electrically connected between the 48V battery and part of the electrical component group, and is used to convert the 48V power supply of the 48V battery into a 24V / 12V power supply. The other electrical component groups are directly connected to the 48V battery through the electrical box.

2. The vehicle electrical system according to claim 1, wherein: The input end of the electrical box is directly electrically connected to the first DC converter.

3. The vehicle electrical system according to claim 2, wherein: The electrical box is provided with a 48V input interface, a grounding interface, a 48V output interface and a 24V / 12V output interface. The 48V input interface is electrically connected to the 48V battery and / or the first DC converter, and the 48V output interface and the 24V / 12V output interface are electrically connected to different electrical component groups respectively.

4. The vehicle electrical system according to claim 3, characterized in that The electrical box also includes an EFUSE, one end of which is connected to the 48V input interface, and the other end of which is connected to part of the electrical component group.

5. The vehicle electrical system according to claim 3, wherein: The electrical box further includes a fuse, one end of which is connected to the second DC converter, and the other end of which is connected to part of the electrical component group.

6. The vehicle electrical system according to claim 5, characterized in that The electrical box further includes a relay, which is arranged between the second DC converter and the fuse.

7. The vehicle electrical system according to claim 6, characterized in that The electrical box further includes a communication interface and a control unit, and the control unit is connected to the communication interface, the second DC converter and the control end of the relay respectively.

8. The vehicle electrical system according to claim 2, wherein: There are multiple electrical appliance boxes, and the multiple electrical appliance boxes are connected in series or in parallel.

9. The vehicle electrical system according to claim 8, wherein: The electrical box includes a cockpit electrical box and a front cabin electrical box, and the 48V input interface of the front cabin electrical box is connected to the 48V output interface of the cockpit electrical box.

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