Electric brush assembly and brush motor

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric brush assembly and a brush motor, and relates to the field of brush motors, the electric brush assembly comprises an insulating frame, two groups of electric brushes arranged in a matching manner, a torsion spring and a mounting frame, the electric brushes are mounted in the mounting frame, the middle part of the insulating frame is provided with a through hole, and the insulating frame is provided with two torsion spring columns. The torsional spring is installed on the torsional spring column and elastically abuts against the middle of the end face, away from the through hole, of the electric brush. The end face, close to the through hole, of the electric brush is of a sawtooth structure. An electric brush assembly in the brush motor is installed in one end of a shell, a rotor assembly is sleeved with the shell and comprises a commutator, and an electric brush abuts against the outer side wall of the commutator. According to the utility model, the electric brushes are in multi-point contact with the commutator, an oxidation film can be rapidly formed on the surface of the commutator, the abrasion of the electric brushes is reduced, the contact stress uniformity of the two electric brushes and the commutator is ensured, the abrasion of the electric brushes is reduced, the service life of the electric brushes is prolonged, the service life of the brush motor is further prolonged, and the maintenance frequency is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of brush motors, in particular to a brush assembly and a brush motor. Background Art

[0002] The brush assembly is an important component of the brush motor, and its main function is to conduct current. When the brush motor is running, the current flows into the brush through the brush holder, and then is conducted to the armature coil through the contact point between the brush and the commutator. As the motor rotor rotates, the commutator continuously switches the direction of the current in the armature coil, and the brush always maintains contact with the commutator to ensure continuous conduction of the current. China's patent application number CN201410368151.2 discloses a brush motor for a cooling fan and its brush device, wherein the brush device includes an insulating support, a plurality of brush mounting brackets arranged on the insulating support, a first brush and a second brush, and a first torsion spring and a second torsion spring for elastically supporting the first brush and the second brush respectively, the first brush and the second brush are respectively installed in a corresponding brush mounting bracket, a torsion spring column is provided on the insulating support, the first torsion spring and the second torsion spring are both fixed on the torsion spring column, and the first torsion spring and the second torsion spring are respectively placed on the torsion spring column. The top and bottom ends of the spring column are separated by an insulating member. In this technical solution, both torsion springs are fixed to a single torsion spring column, which eliminates one torsion spring column and increases available space. However, in this structure, the brushes come into contact with the steering gear, which increases brush wear. This is especially true for high-power motors, where brush wear and loss are greater. Furthermore, the use of a single torsion spring column allows the two torsion springs to be stacked one on top of the other, resulting in the two torsion springs being unable to simultaneously apply force to the middle of the brush end face. This can easily lead to uneven force between the brush and the steering gear, causing increased wear on the brush portion and further reducing the brush's service life. Therefore, the present invention discloses a brush assembly and a brushed motor that address the above issues. Utility Model Content

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a brush assembly and a brushed motor to address the above technical problems. A serrated structure is set on the end face of the brush, so that the brush and the commutator are in multi-point contact, and an oxide film is formed more quickly on the surface of the commutator, reducing the wear of the brush. At the same time, two torsion springs are used to push against the middle part of the brush respectively, ensuring that the two brushes are in uniform contact with the commutator, reducing the wear of the brush, and increasing the service life of the brush, thereby increasing the service life of the brushed motor and reducing the maintenance frequency.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A brush assembly includes an insulating frame, two sets of matching brushes, a torsion spring, and a mounting frame. The brushes are mounted inside the mounting frame. A through hole is provided in the middle of the insulating frame. Two torsion spring columns are provided on the insulating frame. The torsion springs are mounted on the torsion spring columns and elastically press against the middle of one end face of the brush facing away from the through hole. The end face of the brush close to the through hole is configured as a serrated structure.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the brush assembly provided by the present invention, the mounting frame includes a base plate fixed on an insulating frame, an insulating sleeve is fixed on the base plate, and the brush is mounted in the insulating sleeve.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the brush assembly provided by the present invention, both ends of the insulating sleeve are open, a groove is provided in the middle of the end surface of the brush away from the through hole, and the elastic arm of the torsion spring is placed in the groove.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the brush assembly provided by the present invention, the two insulating sleeves are arranged along the circumference of the insulating frame and the two insulating sleeves are distributed on the insulating frame at an angle of 90°.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the brush assembly provided by the present invention, it further includes two leads, a holder is provided on the insulating frame, and the leads pass through the holder to be electrically connected to the brushes.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the brush assembly provided by the present invention, a partition is provided between two adjacent torsion spring columns of the insulating frame.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the brush assembly provided by the present invention, air holes are provided on the insulating frame.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the brush assembly provided by the present invention, two air holes are provided.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the brush assembly provided by the present invention, the serration structure includes ridges and grooves, and the ridges and grooves are spaced apart along the axial direction of the through hole.

[0014] A brushed motor includes a housing and a brush assembly. The brush assembly is installed inside one end of the housing and an end cover is provided at the end of the housing. A rotor assembly is mounted inside the housing. The rotor assembly includes a commutator. The rotor assembly passes through a through hole in an insulating frame and is movably connected to the end cover. The brush abuts against the outer wall of the commutator.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The brush assembly and brush motor provided by the present invention are provided with a serrated structure on the end face of the brush, so that the brush and the commutator are in contact at multiple points, an oxide film is formed more quickly on the surface of the commutator, and the wear of the brush is reduced. At the same time, two torsion springs are used to respectively support the middle part of the brush, ensuring that the two brushes are in contact with the commutator with uniform force, reducing the wear of the brush, and increasing the service life of the brush, thereby increasing the service life of the brush motor and reducing the maintenance frequency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the solutions in the present invention, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the brush assembly provided by the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic plan view of the overall structure of the brush assembly provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the brush structure in the brush assembly provided by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the brushed motor provided by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the brushed motor provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the brush assembly and the rotor assembly in the brush motor provided by the utility model.

[0024] The markings in the figure are as follows:

[0025] 1. Insulation frame; 2. Brush; 3. Torsion spring; 4. Base plate; 5. Insulation sleeve; 6. Through hole; 7. Torsion spring column; 8. Serration structure; 9. Groove; 10. Lead wire; 11. Holder; 12. Partition; 13. Raised strip; 14. Wire trough; 15. Air hole; 16. Housing; 17. Commutator; 18. Rotor shaft; 19. Iron core; 20. Coil winding; 21. End cover; 22. Bearing; 23. Screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to help those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] As described in the background technology, in the prior art, the brush is in contact with the steering gear line, which will increase the wear of the brush, especially in high-power motors, where the brush wear and tear is greater. At the same time, a single torsion spring column is used to stack two torsion springs up and down, which will cause the two torsion springs to be unable to apply force to the middle of the end face of the brush at the same time, which can easily cause uneven force on the contact between the brush and the steering gear, resulting in increased wear on the brush part and further reducing the service life of the brush.

[0028] In order to solve this technical problem, the utility model provides a brush assembly and a brush motor, which are applied to the field of brush motors.

[0029] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1-3 The brush assembly specifically includes an insulating frame 1, two sets of matching brushes 2, a torsion spring 3 and a mounting frame. The brush 2 is installed inside the mounting frame. A through hole 6 is provided in the middle of the insulating frame 1. Two torsion spring columns 7 are provided on the insulating frame 1. The torsion spring 3 is installed on the torsion spring column 7 and the torsion spring 3 elastically presses against the middle of one end face of the brush 2 away from the through hole 6. The end face of the brush 2 close to the through hole 6 is set as a serrated structure 8.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 4-6 The brushed motor specifically includes a housing 16 and a brush 2 assembly. The brush 2 assembly is installed inside one end of the housing 16 and an end cover 21 is provided at the end of the housing 16. A rotor assembly is mounted inside the housing 16. The rotor assembly includes a commutator 17. The rotor assembly passes through the through hole 6 of the insulating frame 1 and is movably connected to the end cover 21. The brush 2 abuts against the outer wall of the commutator 17.

[0031] The brush 2 assembly and brushed motor provided by the present invention are provided with a serrated structure 8 on the end face of the brush 2, so that the brush 2 and the commutator 17 are in contact at multiple points, and an oxide film is formed more quickly on the surface of the commutator 17, thereby reducing the wear of the brush 2. At the same time, two torsion springs 3 are used to respectively support the middle part of the brush 2, thereby ensuring that the two brushes 2 and the commutator 17 are evenly contacted with the force, reducing the wear of the brush 2, and increasing the service life of the brush 2, thereby increasing the service life of the brushed motor and reducing the maintenance frequency.

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions therein can be combined with each other.

[0034] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1-3 , provides a brush 2 assembly, which includes an insulating frame 1, two groups of matching brushes 2, torsion springs 3 and a mounting frame, the brushes 2, torsion springs 3 and the mounting frame are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the insulating frame 1 is a rubber frame, the brush 2 is a carbon brush, and the two groups of structures are symmetrically arranged on the insulating frame 1, the mounting frame includes a base plate 4 and an insulating sleeve 5 on the base plate 4, the base plate 4 is fixedly connected to the insulating frame 1, the brush 2 is installed in the insulating sleeve 5, a through hole 6 is provided in the middle of the insulating frame 1, two torsion spring columns 7 are provided on the insulating frame 1, the two torsion springs 3 are respectively installed on the two torsion spring columns 7, and the elastic arm of the torsion spring 3 elastically presses against the middle of one end face of the brush 2 away from the through hole 6, and the end face of the brush 2 close to the through hole 6 is set as a serrated structure 8.

[0036] Both ends of the insulating sleeve 5 are open. A groove 9 is provided in the middle of the end surface of the brush 2 facing away from the through hole 6. The elastic arm of the torsion spring 3 is placed in the groove 9. The setting of the groove 9 prevents the elastic arm of the torsion spring 3 from being offset, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the force on the brush 2 and ensuring that the two brushes 2 are in the same force position. A transverse groove is provided on the side of the insulating sleeve 5 to facilitate the elastic arm of the torsion spring 3 to extend into one end of the insulating sleeve 5. The two insulating sleeves 5 are arranged along the circumference of the insulating frame 1 and are distributed on the insulating frame 1 at an angle of 90°.

[0037] The two brushes 2 are electrically connected to two leads 10 respectively. Two holders 11 are provided on the insulating frame 1. The leads 10 pass through the holders 11 and are fixed to the holders 11. The two leads 10 are connected to the positive and negative poles of the circuit. When the two brushes 2 are energized, the two holders 11 are distributed at 180° on the insulating frame 1. After the two leads 10 pass through, the two leads 10 can be kept as far away as possible to avoid entanglement or interference between the two leads 10. In addition, a partition 12 is provided between the two adjacent torsion spring columns 7 on the insulating frame 1. The partition 12 is an insulating plate to prevent the two groups of brushes 2 from affecting each other.

[0038] The serrated structure 8 includes ridges 13 and grooves 14, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the through hole 6. After the commutator 17 passes through the through hole 6, each ridge 13 makes point contact with the copper sheet on the side of the commutator 17, so that the brush 2 and the commutator 17 have multi-point contact. An oxide film will form on the surface of the commutator 17 relatively quickly, reducing the wear of the carbon brush. The cross-sectional shape of the ridge 13 can be an isosceles trapezoid, and the side where the ridge 13 contacts the commutator 17 is a small face, the width of which is 2-5 mm.

[0039] The brush 2 assembly provided in Example 1 is further optimized, specifically, as Figure 1-2 As shown, the insulating frame 1 is provided with an air hole 15, and two air holes 15 are provided. The two air holes 15 are provided on the opposite sides of the mounting frame on the insulating frame 1 and the angle between the two air holes 15 and the center of the through hole 6 is 90°. The shape of the air hole 15 is an arc structure. The setting of the air hole 15 is connected to the internal air duct opening of the brush motor, which is convenient for internal heat dissipation of the brush motor.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 4-6 , provides a brushed motor, including a housing 16 and a brush 2 assembly, the brush 2 assembly is installed inside one end of the housing 16 and an end cover 21 is provided at the end of the housing 16, the end cover 21 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the housing 16 by screws 23, and a rotor assembly is set in the housing 16, the rotor assembly includes a commutator 17, a rotor shaft 18, an iron core 19 and a coil winding 20 wound on the iron core 19. This part is an existing conventional technology and is not described in detail here. The rotor assembly passes through the through hole 6 of the insulating frame 1 and is movably connected to the end cover 21, the brush 2 abuts against the outer wall of the commutator 17, and the two ends of the rotor shaft 18 are respectively connected to the end cover 21 and the inner wall of the housing 16 through bearings 22.

[0041] The working principle of the brush 2 assembly and the brushed motor provided by the present invention is as follows: first, the rotor assembly is installed in the housing 16, one end of the rotor shaft 18 is connected to the inside of the housing 16 through the bearing 22, and then the insulating frame 1 is placed in the housing 16. The lower end of the commutator 17 in the rotor assembly supports the insulating frame 1, and the end cover 21 is installed. The end cover 21 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the housing 16 by screws 23. The lower end of the end cover 21 abuts against the four sides of the insulating frame 1, thereby fixing the insulating frame 1. The two leads 10 are led out from the insulating frame 1. The serrated structure 8 at the end of the brush 2 abuts against the outer side surface of the commutator 17. The serrated structure 8 is provided on the end surface of the brush 2, so that the brush 2 and the commutator 17 are in multi-point contact, and an oxide film is formed more quickly on the surface of the commutator 17, reducing the wear of the brush 2. At the same time, two torsion springs 3 are used to push against the middle part of the brush 2 respectively, ensuring that the two brushes 2 are in contact with the commutator 17 with uniform force, reducing the wear of the brush 2, and increasing the service life of the brush 2, thereby increasing the service life of the brush motor and reducing the maintenance frequency.

[0042] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the accompanying drawings, but they do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned specific embodiments, or to make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the present invention specification and the accompanying drawings, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also within the scope of protection of the present invention patent.

Claims

1. A brush assembly, characterized in that: It includes an insulating frame, two sets of matching brushes, torsion springs and a mounting frame. The brushes are installed inside the mounting frame. A through hole is provided in the middle of the insulating frame. Two torsion spring columns are provided on the insulating frame. The torsion springs are installed on the torsion spring columns and the torsion springs elastically press against the middle of one end face of the brush away from the through hole. The end face of the brush close to the through hole is set as a serrated structure.

2. A brush assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame comprises a base plate fixed on the insulating frame, an insulating sleeve is fixed on the base plate, and the brush is installed in the insulating sleeve.

3. A brush assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both ends of the insulating sleeve are open, a groove is provided in the middle of one end surface of the brush away from the through hole, and the elastic arm of the torsion spring is placed in the groove.

4. A brush assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two insulating sleeves are arranged along the circumference of the insulating frame and are distributed on the insulating frame at an angle of 90°.

5. The brush assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes two leads, a holder is provided on the insulating frame, and the leads pass through the holder and are electrically connected to the brushes.

6. The brush assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating frame is provided with a partition between two adjacent torsion spring columns.

7. The brush assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating frame is provided with air holes.

8. A brush assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are two air holes.

9. The brush assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sawtooth structure includes convex strips and wire grooves, and the convex strips and wire grooves are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the through hole.

10. A brushed motor, characterized in that: It comprises a housing and a brush assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the brush assembly is mounted inside one end of the housing and an end cover is provided at the end of the housing, a rotor assembly is housed within the housing, the rotor assembly comprises a commutator, the rotor assembly passes through a through hole in an insulating frame and is movably connected to the end cover, and the brush abuts against the outer wall of the commutator.

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