Testing device for slag expansibility test

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of expansibility test equipment, and discloses a testing device for a slag expansibility test, which comprises a counter-force frame, a sample module, a driving pump, a load measuring module and a displacement measuring module, the upper end of the counter-force frame is provided with a load measuring module, and the lower end of the counter-force frame is provided with a driving pump; the sample module is used for placing samples; the driving pump is used for applying load to the sample module; the load measuring module is used for measuring load data of slag; and the displacement measurement module is used for measuring displacement data of the slag. According to the method, the limit expansion force and the lateral constraint expansion rate index value of the slag charge with large particle size are measured, the expansion mechanical property rule of the slag charge is disclosed, the physical and mechanical property problem of coarse-grained soil and fine-grained soil as channel filling materials is solved, and the expansion mechanism of the slag charge under the condition of different water content changes is explored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of expansion test equipment, in particular to a testing device for slag expansion test. Background Art

[0002] As the primary source of channel fill material, tunnel slag's physical and mechanical properties directly impact its effectiveness. This is especially true when using expansive silty mudstone as channel fill material, as its compacted dry density is closely related to its moisture content. It's difficult to compact and easily expands upon absorbing water. During the filling process, increasing moisture content can lead to additional deformation in the soil. Decreasing moisture content can also lead to shrinkage cracks in the soil, further deteriorating its permeability and significantly damaging the continuity of the channel slopes and foundation, negatively impacting the project.

[0003] Expansibility tests on slag are currently performed using dilatometers. However, these instruments have drawbacks: they apply loads based on the lever principle, which limits their ability to apply loads. Consequently, they are only suitable for small-scale testing of undisturbed or disturbed samples of rock and fine-grained soil. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing dilatometers are only used for small-volume scale tests such as original or disturbed samples of rocks and fine-grained soils. The purpose is to provide a testing device for slag expansibility testing to solve the above problem.

[0005] The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A testing device for slag expansion test, comprising a reaction force frame, a sample module, a driving pump, a load measurement module and a displacement measurement module;

[0007] The reaction frame has opposite upper and lower ends, the upper end is provided with a load measuring module, and the lower end is provided with a driving pump;

[0008] The sample module is used to place the sample;

[0009] The driving pump is used to apply load to the sample module;

[0010] The load measurement module is used to measure the load data of slag;

[0011] The displacement measurement module is used to measure the displacement data of slag.

[0012] In one possible design, the load measurement module includes a load sensor and a middleware;

[0013] The load sensor is arranged at the upper end of the reaction frame and is used to measure the load;

[0014] The middleware is connected to the load sensor and is used to separate the load sensor and the sample module;

[0015] Correspondingly, when the test device for slag expansion test is used for expansion force test, the middle piece is selected as a pressure-bearing rod; when the test device for slag expansion test is used for loaded lateral constraint expansion rate test, the middle piece is selected as an elastic piece that provides elastic force.

[0016] In a possible design, the pressure-bearing rod is a liftable pressure bolt, and the elastic member is a bellows spring.

[0017] In one possible design, the sample module includes a base plate, a water tank, and a sample cylinder;

[0018] The base plate is detachably connected to the bottom of the water tank, and accordingly, the base plate is used to block the bottom opening of the water tank;

[0019] The water tank cover is arranged on the base plate, a plurality of outriggers are arranged on the water tank, and the displacement measurement module is arranged on the outriggers;

[0020] The sample tube is arranged on the substrate, and the lower end of the sample tube is provided with a lower permeable plate for connecting to the substrate, and the upper end of the sample tube is provided with an upper permeable plate for pressing the load measurement module. Accordingly, when the water tank covers the substrate, the upper permeable plate is located in the water tank so that the sample tube is immersed below the liquid surface.

[0021] In a possible design, when the testing device for slag expansion test is used for a no-load lateral constraint expansion rate test, the displacement data of the slag is measured only by the displacement measurement module.

[0022] In one possible design, the reaction frame includes a base, columns and an upper beam connected in sequence from bottom to top; there are at least two columns and they are arranged opposite to each other; the drive pump is located between the two columns, and the load measuring module is connected to the upper beam and is located above the drive pump; accordingly, when the sample module is in the test station, the sample module is located between the drive pump and the load measuring module.

[0023] In a possible design, the reaction frame is provided with an outwardly extending track, and the sample module is slidably arranged on the track. Accordingly, the sample module has a test station located inside the reaction frame and an auxiliary station located outside the reaction frame.

[0024] In one possible design, the base is placed in a foundation pit, and the track passes between two columns and extends outward to the foundation surface.

[0025] In a possible design, the driving pump includes a pump body and a high-pressure source system. The pump body is arranged on the reaction force frame, and the output end of the high-pressure source system is connected to the pump body.

[0026] In a possible design, a control module is further included. The control module includes a control terminal and a servo controller. The control terminal is electrically connected to the drive pump, the load measurement module and the displacement measurement module through the servo controller.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0028] The load is applied to the sample module by driving the pump. The load range of the driving pump can meet the needs of the experiment. It is combined with the load measurement module to realize the measurement of load data. The two work together to realize the direct test of the expansion performance of large-diameter slag, so as to improve the accuracy and precision of the test.

[0029] In this way, the ultimate expansion force and lateral constraint expansion rate index values ​​of slag with larger particle size can be measured, the expansion mechanical properties of slag can be revealed, the physical and mechanical properties of coarse-grained soil and fine-grained soil as channel filling materials can be solved, and the expansion mechanism of slag under different moisture content changes can be explored. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a testing device for slag expansion testing placed in a foundation pit.

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure using liftable pressure bolts for pressure-bearing members.

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure using a bellows spring as the elastic part.

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sample module.

[0035] Markings and corresponding parts names in the accompanying drawings:

[0036] 1. Load sensor; 2. Intermediate piece; 3. Base plate; 4. Water tank; 5. Sample tube; 6. Lower permeable plate; 7. Upper permeable plate; 8. Base; 9. Column; 10. Upper beam; 11. Track; 12. Foundation pit; 13. Pump body; 14. High-voltage source system; 15. Control terminal; 16. Servo controller; 17. Displacement sensor; 18. Extension rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The schematic implementation methods of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] For indoor testing of soil expansion properties for slag materials, such as tunnel slag, the "Standard for Geotechnical Test Methods" GB / T50123-2019 and the "Code for Geotechnical Tests for Railway Engineering" TB10102-2010 serve as references. Currently, expansibility testing methods can be categorized by parameter control indicators: mineral content analysis, expansive water content testing, expansibility force testing, and expansibility rate testing. Expansibility force testing, which measures the ultimate expansibility pressure, is of great practical significance for the use of expansive slag materials and for preventing expansion and deformation of fill materials. Expansibility rates, depending on the test conditions and methods, are categorized into volumetric expansion rate, linear expansion rate, free expansion rate, and lateral restraint expansion rate. Since the first three methods fail to account for lateral confining load constraints, they are of limited practical significance in engineering practice. Therefore, ultimate expansibility force and lateral restraint expansion rate are still used as primary indicators, both domestically and internationally, to roughly measure soil expansibility and serve as criteria for identifying and classifying expansive rock and soil.

[0039] For indoor testing, existing technologies use a lever-based dilatometer as a test instrument. However, the load applied by this instrument is insufficient for direct measurement of slag with a diameter of 5 mm or larger. To address this, existing technologies employ the equivalent substitution method as their primary experimental approach. This involves proportionally replacing soil particles with diameters below 60 mm and above 5 mm with those larger than 60 mm, while maintaining the content of fine particles smaller than 5 mm unchanged. However, the drawback of this equivalent substitution method is that it cannot directly measure the particle size, resulting in poor measurement accuracy.

[0040] Based on this, this embodiment provides a testing device for slag expansion testing to address the defects of the prior art. Specifically:

[0041] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a testing device for slag expansion test includes a reaction force frame, a sample module, a driving pump, a load measurement module and a displacement measurement module;

[0042] The reaction frame has opposite upper and lower ends, the upper end is provided with a load measuring module, and the lower end is provided with a driving pump;

[0043] The sample module is used to place the sample;

[0044] The driving pump is used to apply load to the specimen module;

[0045] The load measurement module is used to measure the load data of slag;

[0046] The displacement measurement module is used to measure the displacement data of slag.

[0047] In the test device for slag expansion test, a load is applied to the sample module by a driving pump. The load range of the driving pump can meet the needs of the experiment. It is combined with the load measurement module to realize the measurement of load data. The two cooperate with each other to realize direct testing of the expansion performance of large-diameter slag, so as to improve the accuracy and precision of the test.

[0048] It's worth noting that for existing dilatometers, as the specimen diameter and surface area increase, achieving the required normal load requires either increasing the lever arm to several meters or employing a vertical heap load (with a heap load of several tons). Either approach is labor-intensive, space-consuming, and carries safety risks. Furthermore, increasing the lever arm or heap load increases the size of existing dilatometers, making them difficult to conduct indoor tests.

[0049] In this regard, the testing device for slag expansion test not only realizes direct testing of small-sized equipment, making it convenient to conduct experiments indoors, but also effectively avoids heap loading, making the experiment safer.

[0050] During operation, the staff inserts the specimen into the specimen module, then adjusts the height of the load measurement module until it abuts the specimen module. The pump then drives the specimen module upward, pushing it against the load measurement module. Based on the input load value, the pump applies and maintains the corresponding load. The load measurement module and displacement measurement module then measure the relevant data. After the experiment is complete, all components are reset and the staff promptly cleans up.

[0051] It is easy to understand that during the experiment, if multiple sets of loads need to be applied, after the data test is completed, the load of the driving pump is changed, and the load measurement module and the displacement measurement module are tested again.

[0052] In one possible implementation, the load measurement module includes a load sensor 1 and a middleware 2;

[0053] The load sensor 1 is arranged at the upper end of the reaction frame and is used to measure the load;

[0054] The middle piece 2 is connected to the load sensor 1 and is used to separate the load sensor 1 and the sample module;

[0055] Correspondingly, when the test device for slag expansion test is used for expansion force test, the middle piece 2 is selected as a pressure-bearing rod; when the test device for slag expansion test is used for loaded lateral constraint expansion rate test, the middle piece 2 is selected as an elastic piece that provides elastic force.

[0056] Based on the above design scheme, the load sensor 1 is used to measure the load data, and the middle piece 2 cooperates with the reaction force frame so that the middle piece 2 presses against the sample module, thereby forming an integrated control and controlling the deformation of the sample. Specifically: for the expansion force test, the middle piece 2 uses a pressure-bearing rod, which is only subjected to force. After the sample is suppressed due to deformation, it will generate force, which is transmitted to the load sensor 1 and recorded; for the loaded lateral constraint expansion rate test, the middle piece 2 uses an elastic piece, which is compressed and deformed and generates elastic force, so that the test device provides a reaction force acting on the sample. The sample expands laterally under the action of the driving pump and the reaction force to complete the relevant experiment.

[0057] Therefore, by improving the load measurement module, the test device for slag expansibility test can be used for expansion force test and loaded lateral restraint expansion rate test to measure the expansibility of slag.

[0058] It is easy to understand that the load sensor 1 can be any suitable commercially available model, which has a wide range of choices and good practicality.

[0059] For the intermediate member 2, the pressure-bearing member can optionally be a liftable pressure bolt, and the elastic member can be a bellows spring. Based on this, the liftable pressure bolt can adjust its height to abut the sample module, while the bellows spring can similarly deform and abut the sample module. It will be readily understood that the pressure-bearing member and the elastic member can each be any other suitable existing component.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the sample module includes a base plate 3, a water tank 4, and a sample cylinder 5;

[0061] The base plate 3 is detachably connected to the bottom of the water tank 4. Accordingly, the base plate 3 is used to block the bottom opening of the water tank 4.

[0062] The water tank 4 is covered on the base plate 3, and a plurality of outriggers 18 are provided on the water tank 4, and the displacement measurement module is provided on the outriggers 18;

[0063] The sample tube 5 is arranged on the substrate 3. The lower end of the sample tube 5 is provided with a lower permeable plate 6 for connecting to the substrate 3. The upper end of the sample tube 5 is provided with an upper permeable plate 7 for pressing the load measurement module. Accordingly, when the water tank 4 covers the substrate 3, the upper permeable plate 7 is located in the water tank 4 so that the sample tube 5 is immersed below the liquid surface.

[0064] Based on the above design, the water tank 4 can be constructed in any suitable shape, and accordingly, the base plate 3 is constructed in an adaptive shape to ensure water saturation performance and avoid water leakage. Optionally, the base plate 3 is connected to the water tank 4 by multiple sets of bolts to improve the connection performance.

[0065] The upper permeable plate 7 is removably connected to the sample tube 5, facilitating the insertion of the sample. During the experiment, after the load driving the pump stabilizes, water is slowly added to the sample tube 5 until the liquid level is 5 mm above the top of the sample, and water enters the sample tube 5 at least through the lower permeable plate. To facilitate sample degassing, water can be added in stages.

[0066] In a possible implementation, when the testing device for slag expansibility testing is used for a no-load lateral constraint expansion rate test, the displacement data of the slag is measured only by the displacement measurement module.

[0067] Based on the above design, in the unloaded state, that is, when the driving pump does not apply load and the load measurement module does not press against the sample module, there is no need for the load measurement module to measure the load. The sample expands naturally, and its displacement is measured by the displacement measurement module.

[0068] It is worth noting that the test device for slag expansion test can complete the no-load lateral constraint expansion rate test, but in actual use, this data is rarely measured.

[0069] It is easy to understand that the displacement measurement module selects any suitable displacement sensor 17. In order to avoid contingency and improve the accuracy of data, the displacement measurement module is provided with multiple groups and the average value is taken as the target result.

[0070] In one possible implementation, the reaction frame includes a base 8, columns 9 and an upper beam 10 connected in sequence from bottom to top; there are at least two columns 9 and they are arranged opposite to each other; the driving pump is located between the two columns 9, and the load measuring module is connected to the upper beam 10 and is located above the driving pump; accordingly, when the sample module is in the test station, the sample module is located between the driving pump and the load measuring module.

[0071] Based on the above design, the reaction frame is constructed as a two-column frame, with the upper beam 10 preferably connected to the columns 9 via threads, allowing the upper beam 10 to be adjusted in height within a certain range. This, combined with the middle piece 2 of the load measurement module, allows the load measurement module to better support the specimen module. During the experiment, the pump is driven to apply the load, and the reaction frame receives the force and provides a counterforce to the specimen module, enabling quick and reliable static load testing. This is a crucial component of the test device for slag expansibility testing.

[0072] Optionally, the reaction frame is provided with an outwardly extending track 11 , and the sample module is slidably arranged on the track 11 . Accordingly, the sample module has a test station located inside the reaction frame and an auxiliary station located outside the reaction frame.

[0073] Based on the above design scheme, the position of the sample module is switched by the track 11, so that the sample module has a test station and an auxiliary station. When the experiment is performed, the sample module is loaded with a sample and moved to the sample station. Conversely, after the experiment is completed, the sample module is moved to the auxiliary station, facilitating the work of the staff to place the sample, remove the sample, clean the device, and remove rust from the device.

[0074] Alternatively, the base 8 is placed in the foundation pit 12, the track 11 is arranged between the two columns 9 and extends outward to the ground surface. Based on the above design scheme, on the one hand, the position of the testing device is lowered, and on the other hand, the track 11 is laid on the ground surface, avoiding the track 11 being suspended, reducing the auxiliary equipment for supporting the track 11, and also reducing the working height of the staff, making the work more convenient.

[0075] In a possible implementation, the drive pump includes a pump body 13 and a high-pressure source system 14. The pump body 13 is arranged on the counterforce frame, and the output end of the high-pressure source system 14 is connected to the pump body 13. Based on the above design scheme, hydraulic transmission is adopted to facilitate the pressure stability for a long time without the need for a corresponding cooling system, which helps to reduce the number of components and simplify the structure.

[0076] In a possible implementation, the testing device for slag expansion test further includes a control module. The control module includes a control terminal 15 and a servo controller 16. The control terminal 15 is electrically connected to the drive pump, the load measurement module, and the displacement measurement module through the servo controller 16.

[0077] Based on the above design scheme, servo control is realized through the control module, realizing automatic testing and automatic recording of the testing device, improving the automation degree of the experiment, and minimizing the work amount of the staff, effectively reducing the work burden of the staff.

[0078] The working principle is described in combination with the specific structure of the testing device for slag expansion test.

[0079] The sample module is moved to the auxiliary station through the track 11. The staff prepares the sample according to the test requirements and the soil test specification, and the sample is loaded and compacted in multiple layers after preparation. The staff also checks the equipment, such as whether the load sensor 1 and the displacement sensor 17 are normal, whether the drive pump is working normally, whether the upper and lower water permeable plates 6 are dry and buried in the slag sample for a certain period of time, whether the connection between the base plate 3 and the water tank 4 is completely aligned and a thin layer of vaseline is applied on the end surface, and whether the control module is set according to the expansion test requirements.

[0080] The sample module is moved to the test station via the track 11. The height of at least one of the middle member 2 and the upper beam 10 is adjusted until the middle member 2 abuts against the upper permeable plate 7. A displacement sensor 17 is installed on the extension rod 18.

[0081] Enter basic test information into the control module, create a work project, and activate the servo control system for data acquisition. Start the drive pump and apply the load. Once the load stabilizes, begin water injection. The specific requirements are explained in conjunction with the structure of the specimen module and will not be repeated here.

[0082] During the test, the control terminal 15 automatically collects and stores the axial load and axial displacement in real time. After the test is completed, the control terminal 15 processes the data and analyzes the test results.

[0083] After the experiment is completed, the test device is reset and the staff will carry out subsequent processing and maintenance work. After completion, the test device can be turned off.

[0084] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A testing device for slag expansion test, characterized in that: It includes reaction frame, sample module, driving pump, load measurement module and displacement measurement module; The reaction frame has opposite upper and lower ends, the upper end is provided with a load measuring module, and the lower end is provided with a driving pump; The sample module is used to place the sample; The driving pump is used to apply load to the specimen module; The load measurement module is used to measure the load data of slag; The displacement measurement module is used to measure the displacement data of slag.

2. The testing device for slag expansion test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load measurement module includes a load sensor (1) and a middleware (2); A load sensor (1) is provided at the upper end of the reaction frame and is used to measure the load; The middle piece (2) is connected to the load sensor (1) and is used to separate the load sensor (1) and the sample module; Accordingly, when the test device for slag material expansion test is used for expansion force test, the middle piece (2) is selected as a pressure-bearing rod; when the test device for slag material expansion test is used for loaded lateral constraint expansion rate test, the middle piece (2) is selected as an elastic piece that provides elastic force.

3. The testing device for slag expansion test according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing rods are made of liftable pressure bolts, and the elastic parts are made of bellows springs.

4. The testing device for slag expansion test according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sample module includes a base plate (3), a water tank (4) and a sample cylinder (5); The base plate (3) is detachably connected to the bottom of the water tank (4); accordingly, the base plate (3) is used to block the bottom opening of the water tank (4); The water tank (4) cover is arranged on the base plate (3), a plurality of outriggers (18) are arranged on the water tank (4), and the displacement measurement module is arranged on the outriggers (18); The sample tube (5) is arranged on the base plate (3), the lower end of the sample tube (5) is provided with a lower water-permeable plate (6) for connecting to the base plate (3), and the upper end of the sample tube (5) is provided with an upper water-permeable plate (7) for pressing the load measurement module. Accordingly, when the water tank (4) covers the base plate (3), the upper water-permeable plate (7) is located in the water tank (4) so ​​that the sample tube (5) is immersed below the liquid surface.

5. The testing device for slag expansion test according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the testing device for slag material expansion test is used for no-load lateral constraint expansion rate test, the displacement data of the slag material is measured only by the displacement measurement module.

6. The testing device for slag expansion test according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reaction force frame comprises a base (8), a column (9) and an upper beam (10) connected in sequence from bottom to top; at least two columns (9) are provided and are arranged opposite to each other; the driving pump is located between the two columns (9), and the load measuring module is connected to the upper beam (10) and is located above the driving pump; accordingly, when the sample module is in the test station, the sample module is located between the driving pump and the load measuring module.

7. The testing device for slag expansion test according to claim 6, characterized in that: An outwardly extending track (11) is provided on the reaction frame, and the sample module is slidably arranged on the track (11). Accordingly, the sample module has a test station located inside the reaction frame and an auxiliary station located outside the reaction frame.

8. The testing device for slag expansion test according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base (8) is placed in a foundation pit (12), and the track (11) is passed between two upright posts (9) and extends outwards to the base surface.

9. The testing device for slag expansion test according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The driving pump comprises a pump body (13) and a high-pressure source system (14); the pump body (13) is arranged on the reaction force frame, and the output end of the high-pressure source system (14) is connected to the pump body (13).

10. The testing device for slag expansion test according to claim 9, characterized in that: The system further comprises a control module, which comprises a control terminal (15) and a servo controller (16). The control terminal (15) is electrically connected to the drive pump, the load measurement module and the displacement measurement module through the servo controller (16).

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