Household solar high-temperature heat utilization system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a household solar high-temperature heat utilization system, which adopts a heat storage technology of a heat collecting pipe type solar air heater and a micro heat-conducting oil furnace system, realizes efficient utilization of solar heat, and eliminates the problem of scale formation in a solar water heater for directly heating water by an existing heat collector. Installation and maintenance are convenient, and expected social and economic benefits are remarkable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar heat utilization, in particular to a household solar high-temperature heat utilization system adopting a heat pipe type solar hot air generator and a micro heat conducting oil furnace technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] The application form of solar heat utilization includes solar hot water supply, solar heating, solar refrigeration, solar industrial and agricultural application, and photovoltaic-thermal integrated (PV / T) application. According to the statistical data of IEA SHC TCP, in terms of system installed capacity, the installed capacity of household solar heat utilization systems for providing domestic hot water or heating for single-family houses accounted for about 60% of the total installed capacity of global solar heat utilization systems in 2022. In the field of people's livelihood, solar water heating systems and solar photovoltaic power generation are the main application types.

[0003] Solar water heating system: In 2009, there were more than 3,000 solar water heating system enterprises in China, with an annual production of about 40 million square meters, and a total of 145 million square meters, accounting for 78% and 54% of the world respectively. In the field of people's livelihood, solar collectors are mainly used to provide domestic hot water, and the generated hot water is basically below 100℃, which can only be used for washing, brushing and bathing. The reason is very simple. If the water temperature is 150-200℃, the water in this temperature range will not boil and vaporize, and it needs to maintain a pressure of 0.5-1.6MPa, which requires a high-pressure container and pipeline valve. Moreover, as the temperature of the circulating water in the solar heat collector increases, the pressure that the solar heat collector can withstand also increases. Therefore, it is not convenient to use a solar heat collector that generates medium-high temperature hot water in the home. The hot water generated by the solar water heating system cannot be used in time and completely, resulting in waste. In addition, the problem of water scale formation in the solar water heating system is a persistent problem.

[0004] Household photovoltaic system: The electricity generated is mainly used for household purposes, such as lighting, watching TV, cooking, boiling water, frying, heating, etc., which is convenient and fast, mainly due to the heat utilization of solar energy in the home. The efficiency of photovoltaic power generation is relatively low. Because the photovoltaic panel mainly absorbs visible light and infrared light in solar radiation, its absorption capacity for ultraviolet light and blue light is relatively weak. In practical application, the conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells is only 13%-26%, and the conversion efficiency of amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells is even lower, only 6%-10%. In photovoltaic power generation technology, silicon crystal materials are needed, and the main raw material of crystalline silicon cells is pure silicon. The production and purification process needs to go through multiple chemical and physical processes, which not only consumes a large amount of energy, but also pollutes the environment to some extent. These problems are not known to the public. Moreover, photovoltaic power is an unstable power source, and there are restrictions on its use on the grid. When used at home, energy storage devices must be provided.

[0005] Chinese patent such as 202221467099.2-a solar energy double-pass heat pipe type balcony water heater, through the header and solar heat pipe cooperation to realize airflow heating, heat exchanger is arranged on the circulating pipe connected at the head of the header, the header is connected with the water tank through the heat exchanger, circulating pump is arranged on the water tank, and fan is arranged on the circulating pipe, the power of the fan and the circulating pump is all supplied by the solar photovoltaic panel arranged outdoors, the whole has few connection points and leakage points, liquid is continuously heated through the circulating pump, the water tank temperature can be continuously maintained, and continuous supply of hot water is realized, the scale problem of traditional water heating type heat collector is eliminated, and it is an excellent technical scheme.

[0006] At present, China has become the largest producer and user of solar water heating system and the largest user of photovoltaic application. How to change from a large country of solar heat utilization to a strong country of solar heat utilization, overcome the problems existing in the current solar water utilization system and photovoltaic system, utilize the heat obtained by solar collector in time, efficiently and flexibly, avoid the loss of solar heat in the photovoltaic conversion process, store and utilize the heat obtained in the photothermal conversion process in the form of simple and convenient way, eliminate the heat waste phenomenon and scale problem caused by the use of hot water in the existing solar water heating system, and reasonably apply to family life, which is worth further studying. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems existing in the current solar water utilization system and photovoltaic utilization system, utilize the through heat pipe type solar heat blower and micro heat conducting oil furnace technology to collect, store and supply heat of solar energy, fully utilize the characteristics of heat conducting oil "low pressure high temperature" and high quality heat storage and heat supply medium, and apply to family life such as conventional steaming, boiling, simmering, stewing and baking, so as to realize high temperature and efficient flexible heat utilization of solar energy.

[0008] A kind of family solar high temperature heat utilization system, including micro heat conducting oil furnace, the rated thermal power of the micro heat conducting oil furnace ≤99.9KW, wherein:

[0009] Solar heat blower 7 recovers heat from solar energy,

[0010] Oil-gas heat exchanger 11 exchanges heat between high-temperature gas and heat conducting oil,

[0011] Heat conducting oil tank 1 is used as a heat storage heat accumulator,

[0012] Heat conducting oil pump 18 pressurizes and transports heat conducting oil,

[0013] The heat conducting oil in the heat conducting oil tank 1 is pressurized by the heat conducting oil pump 18, sent to the oil-gas heat exchanger 11, and exchanged with the high-temperature gas sent by the solar heat blower 7 to be heated, and the heated heat conducting oil falls into the heat conducting oil tank 1, thereby forming a heat recovery and heat storage circulation loop of the heat conducting oil,

[0014] The gas from the oil-gas heat exchanger 11 returns to the solar heat blower 7 through the circulating fan 4 and the return air pipeline 5, the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat blower 7 absorbs solar heat, and then is transported to the oil-gas heat exchanger 11, or the gas from the oil-gas heat exchanger 11 returns to the solar heat blower 7 through the return air pipeline 5, the heat collecting pipe in the solar heat blower 7 absorbs solar heat, and then is transported to the oil-gas heat exchanger 11 through the ventilator 13, thereby forming a heat recovery and energy release circulation loop of the gas.

[0015] The oil-gas heat exchanger 11 can also be integrated with the heat conducting oil tank 1.

[0016] An oil heater 31 is provided:

[0017] The oil heater 31 comprises a heating element 32, the heat conducting oil in the heat conducting oil tank 1 enters the heat conducting oil pump 18 to be pressurized, the pressurized heat conducting oil is transported to the oil heater 31, and heating is completed by using the heating element 32 (for example, a heating element made of a flat plate type hollow cavity structure, a jacket type hollow cavity structure, or a square tube disc of a hollow cavity), and the heat conducting oil from the oil heater 31 returns to the heat conducting oil tank 1 or falls into the heat conducting oil tank 1 through the oil-gas heat exchanger 11, thereby forming an energy release loop of the heat storage heat conducting oil in the heat conducting oil tank 1.

[0018] The oil heater 31 comprises an oil heated kettle, an oil heated rice cooker, an oil heated steamer, an oil heated frying pan, and an oil heated air blower.

[0019] The high-temperature heat conducting oil stored in the heat conducting oil tank 1 can meet the heating temperature requirements of boiling water, steaming rice, cooking rice, and porridge making when the temperature is higher than 140℃. The functional design of the oil heated kettle, the oil heated rice cooker, the oil heated steamer, and the oil heated frying pan can be designed according to the functional settings of the corresponding electric heating equipment. Preferably, the contact part of the oil heater 31 and the heating element 32 adopts the same structural design, thereby enhancing the flexibility and universality of the heating element 32 and the cooking utensils.

[0020] A hot water tank 20 is provided:

[0021] The hot water tank 20 uses an oil-water heater 22 to heat water. The oil-water heater 22 is arranged in or outside the hot water tank 20. The heat transfer oil from the heat transfer oil tank 1 is pumped by the heat transfer oil pump 18 to increase the pressure. The heat transfer oil after being pressurized is delivered to the oil-water heater 22. The water heated by the oil-water heater 22 is stored in the hot water tank 20. The heat transfer oil from the oil-water heater 22 is returned to the heat transfer oil tank 1 or falls into the heat transfer oil tank 1 through the oil-gas heat exchanger 11, thereby forming a discharging circuit of the heat transfer oil tank 1.

[0022] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a water inlet valve 26. Cold water 25 enters the hot water tank 20 through the water inlet valve 26. The cold water 25 is tap water or underground water.

[0023] Preferably, the water inlet valve 26 is an automatic water replenishing valve. When the water level in the hot water tank 20 is at a set low water level, the automatic water replenishing valve is opened to replenish water. When the water level in the hot water tank 20 reaches a set high water level, the automatic water replenishing valve is closed to stop replenishing water, thereby avoiding the waste caused by overflowing of the water tank of a traditional solar water heater due to forgetting to close the water inlet valve when replenishing water.

[0024] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a hot water valve 27. The water in the hot water tank 20 is output as hot water 28 for daily use through the hot water valve 27.

[0025] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a blowdown valve 23 for discharging solid pollutants precipitated in the hot water tank 20.

[0026] The hot water tank 20 is provided with an air inlet valve 24. When the air in the air space 21 of the hot water tank 20 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the air inlet valve 24 is opened to replenish air, and is closed when the pressure is balanced with the outside, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of "negative pressure suction" of the hot water tank due to air dissolving into water.

[0027] As a variation of the process, another heat transfer oil pump can be used to supply heat to the heat-using equipment instead of the heat transfer oil pump 18. The essence and function are the same as those of the heat transfer oil pump 18. Corresponding control, regulating valves and instruments are added, and corresponding bypass pipelines are reasonably arranged.

[0028] The heat collecting pipe uses a through heat collecting pipe 10, a heat pipe or a single-pass heat collecting pipe.

[0029] The through heat collecting pipe 10 can be connected and used in series, in parallel or in series-parallel.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 1, the heat collecting pipe 10 is connected in series. Figure 1As shown, when multiple through-collecting pipes 10 are used in parallel, the solar hot air device 7 includes a left header 8, a right header 9, and a through-collecting pipe 10. A plurality of through-collecting pipes 10 connected in parallel are arranged between the left header 8 and the right header 9. The through-collecting pipes 10 absorb the heat of the solar energy and heat the gas entering the right header 9. The generated high-temperature gas is drawn out from the left header 8, transported to the oil-gas heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange with the heat transfer oil, and then returns to the right header 9, thereby forming a closed gas circulation loop of the through-collecting pipe solar hot air device 7;

[0031] As attached Figure 2 As shown, when multiple through-collecting tubes 10 are used in series, the solar thermal air heater 7 includes a trough collector 37, a concentrating plate 38 and a through-collecting tube 10. The gas enters the multiple through-collecting tubes 10 connected in series, and the through-collecting tubes 10 absorb the heat of the solar energy, heat the incoming gas, and draw out the generated high-temperature air, which is transported to the oil-gas heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange with the heat transfer oil, and then returns to the inlet of the through-collecting tube 10, thereby forming a closed-loop gas circulation loop of the through-collecting tube type solar thermal air heater 7.

[0032] The solar thermal air generators 7 can be used in groups connected in series, in parallel or in series and in parallel.

[0033] Preferably, the through-type heat collecting tube 10 adopts a vacuum collector, the inner layer of the heat collecting tube is a stainless steel tube, the outer layer is a glass tube plus metal bellows at both ends, and the outer surface of the inner tube is coated with a selective absorption coating to achieve the maximum absorption rate of direct solar radiation and the minimum re-radiation of infrared waves.

[0034] When the solar hot air device 7 adopts a heat pipe type heat collecting tube, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the outer surface of the heat pipe 72 in the vacuum glass tube 71 is coated with a selective absorption coating, which is the evaporation part of the heat pipe 72. The part of the heat pipe 72 extending into the header 74 is the condensation part of the heat pipe 72, which absorbs solar heat and is used to heat the gas 75 entering the header.

[0035] The circulating fan 4 is provided with an adjusting damper 3 for adjusting the air supply volume of the circulating fan 4 .

[0036] The ventilator 13 is provided with a hot air regulating damper 12 for adjusting the air supply volume of the ventilator 13 .

[0037] The circulating fan 4 and the ventilator 13 are substantially the same and are only used to distinguish them.

[0038] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 is a centrifugal, axial, screw or vortex fan.

[0039] The solar heat generator 7 is provided with necessary support rods or support frames to securely, stably and effectively fix the solar heat generator to avoid tipping accidents caused by strong winds.

[0040] The family solar high-temperature heat utilization system adopts special heat-conducting oil packaging and operation process: after the assembled micro heat-conducting oil furnace system is purged, air tightness tested, liquid pressure tested, and re-purged and qualified, nitrogen is used to replace the air remaining in the micro heat-conducting oil furnace system, then the dehydrated and degassed qualified heat-conducting oil is injected and packaged and insulated, and a positive pressure closed circulation operation mode is adopted; or after the assembled heat-conducting oil system is purged, air tightness tested, liquid pressure tested, and re-purged and qualified, the heat-conducting oil is injected, the heat-conducting oil is dehydrated and degassed by using solar heat, then nitrogen is used to replace the air remaining in the micro heat-conducting oil furnace system, and a positive pressure closed circulation operation mode is adopted.

[0041] The inlet pipeline of the heat-conducting oil pump 18 is provided with a filter for filtering solid impurity particles in the heat-conducting oil in the inlet pipeline.

[0042] The heat-conducting oil tank 1 in the heat-conducting oil furnace system plays the role of oil gas separation, buffering, heat storage and storage, so insulation measures need to be taken, and the design temperature range of the outer surface of the insulation is preferably 25 to 30℃.

[0043] The heat-conducting oil system is provided with necessary exhaust valves and safety valves.

[0044] The heat-conducting oil tank 1 adopts a horizontal or vertical structure, and a vertical structure is preferred, which facilitates the compact arrangement of the system.

[0045] The valve names in the present application are only used for differentiation, and some actual functions are the same.

[0046] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode, and when the sunlight, heat supply, and hot water tank water temperature change, the air supply amount and air supply pressure can be flexibly adjusted.

[0047] Preferably, the hot water tank 20 adopts a corrosion-resistant stainless steel material.

[0048] The hot water tank 1, air pipeline and heat accumulator 28 of the through-penetration heat-collecting tube type solar water heater take insulation measures.

[0049] The heat-conducting oil tank 1 or the hot water tank 20 is provided with an electric heater, or the heat-conducting oil pipeline is provided with a heat recovery device, which is used as a supplementary heat source on cloudy days.

[0050] The pipelines, instruments, valves, adjustment bypasses and the like not mentioned in the present application are matched with the mature technology in the known organic heat carrier boiler and solar water heating engineering.

[0051] The parts not mentioned in the present application, such as safety accessories, interlocking protection devices and automatic control, are matched with the existing known technology.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0053] 1. The problem of low heat utilization efficiency of the existing solar water heating system and photovoltaic utilization system is basically eliminated. The heat-conducting oil with near atmospheric pressure and high temperature is convenient for users to utilize heat in time, flexibly and efficiently, such as boiling water, cooking, porridge making, soup boiling, heating, drying and the like in household time, which has incomparable advantages over the water heating recovery system, and / or high-temperature flue gas waste heat generated by household cooking utensils or industrial heating furnaces is recovered efficiently by using a heat recovery device to supplement heat, and the heat-conducting oil tank is used for heat absorption, heat storage and heat supply, so that various energies are effectively supplemented and reasonably utilized.

[0054] 2. Compared with the existing solar water heater technology in which the heat collecting pipe directly heats water, since the clean inert gas that is washed by water and circulated in a closed loop passes through the heat collecting pipe, the heat collecting pipe is clean and has high heat transfer efficiency, unlike the heat collecting pipe that directly heats water, which is blocked by scale and affects heat transfer, so that the maintenance cost is extremely low and the operation cycle is greatly prolonged. In winter, unlike the heat collecting pipe that directly heats water, the heat collecting pipe does not freeze and block the water supply pipeline, and the heat collecting water tank and the heat collecting pipe are not cracked and leak at the connection.

[0055] 3. Compared with the existing heat-conducting oil heat recovery technology, the present application uses high-temperature inert gas generated by a solar heat blower to directly mix and transfer heat with the heat-conducting oil, separates the oil and water, and uses a closed loop circulation process of clean inert gas. The inert gas and the heat-conducting oil do not chemically react, the heat transfer is efficient, the equipment and process are simple, and the heat utilization efficiency is high.

[0056] 4. Compared with the existing heat collecting pipe type solar water heater technology, the heat-conducting oil tank, the hot water tank, the heat-conducting oil pump and the fan of the present application can be arranged indoors, which is convenient for installation, use, maintenance and repair.

[0057] 5. Compared with the existing solar water heater technology in which the heat collecting pipe directly heats water, the solar heat blower of the present application can be arranged on the roof or used as a balcony type wall-mounted solar heat recovery device. When the solar heat blower is arranged on the roof, it has a light weight and no water leakage, which has little harm to the waterproof layer of the roof and has a high safety factor. When the solar heat blower is used as a balcony type wall-mounted solar heat recovery device, it has a light weight and no water leakage, which does not affect the residents and pedestrians downstairs due to water leakage.

[0058] 6. Compared with the prior art, the present application uses high-temperature inert gas to directly heat the heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank, realizes high-temperature heat storage and heat supply, and uses the high-temperature heat-conducting oil as a heat source to drive an absorption or adsorption refrigerator, so as to realize high-temperature, efficient and flexible heat utilization of solar energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1is a structure diagram of a household solar high-temperature heat utilization system of the present application.

[0060] Figure 1 In the figure: 1 - heat conducting oil tank, 2 - gas space, 3 - regulating air door, 4 - circulating fan, 5 - return air duct, 6 - one-way valve, 7 - solar heat air generator, 8 - left header tank, 9 - right header tank, 10 - through heat collecting tube, 11 - oil-gas heat exchanger, 12 - hot air measuring and regulating air door, 13 - ventilator, 14 - hot air duct valve, 15 - hot air pipeline, 16 - discharge valve, 17 - regulating valve, 18 - heat conducting oil pump, 19 - safety valve, 20 - hot water tank, 21 - hot water tank gas space, 22 - oil-water heater, 23 - blowdown valve, 24 - air inlet valve, 25 - cold water, 26 - water inlet valve, 27 - hot water valve, 28 - hot water, 29 - stop valve, 30 - control valve, 31 - oil heater, 32 - heating element, 33 - pressure gauge, 34 - return pipeline.

[0061] Figure 2 is another structure diagram of a household solar high-temperature heat utilization system of the present application.

[0062] Figure 2 In the figure: 1 - heat conducting oil tank, 2 - gas space, 3 - regulating air door, 4 - circulating fan, 5 - return air duct, 6 - one-way valve, 7 - solar heat air generator, 8 - left header tank, 9 - right header tank, 10 - through heat collecting tube, 11 - oil-gas heat exchanger, 12 - hot air measuring and regulating air door, 13 - ventilator, 14 - hot air duct valve, 15 - hot air pipeline, 16 - discharge valve, 17 - regulating valve, 18 - heat conducting oil pump, 19 - safety valve, 20 - hot water tank, 21 - hot water tank gas space, 22 - oil-water heater, 23 - blowdown valve, 24 - air inlet valve, 25 - cold water, 26 - water inlet valve, 27 - hot water valve, 28 - hot water, 29 - stop valve, 30 - control valve, 31 - oil heater, 32 - heating element, 33 - pressure gauge, 34 - return pipeline, 37 - trough type heat collector, 38 - light concentrating plate.

[0063] Figure 3 is a structure diagram of a heat pipe type solar heat air generator in the present application.

[0064] Figure 3 In the figure: 7 - solar heat air generator, 71 - vacuum glass tube, 72 - heat pipe, 73 - sealing plug, 74 - header tank, 75 - air inlet of solar heat air generator 7, 76 - air outlet of solar heat air generator 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific examples.

[0066] Example 1:

[0067] As shown in the drawingsFigure 1 A household solar high-temperature heat utilization system, comprising:

[0068] A household solar high-temperature heat utilization system, comprising a micro heat-conducting oil furnace with a rated thermal power ≤99.9KW, wherein:

[0069] A solar heat air blower 7 for heat recovery of solar energy,

[0070] An oil-gas heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange between high-temperature gas and heat-conducting oil,

[0071] A heat-conducting oil tank 1 as a heat storage heat accumulator,

[0072] A heat-conducting oil pump 18 for boosting and conveying heat-conducting oil,

[0073] The heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 is boosted by the heat-conducting oil pump 18, sent to the oil-gas heat exchanger 11, and heat-exchanged with the high-temperature gas sent from the solar heat air blower 7, and the heated heat-conducting oil falls into the heat-conducting oil tank 1 through the return line 34, thereby forming a heat recovery and heat storage circulation loop of heat-conducting oil,

[0074] The gas from the oil-gas heat exchanger 11 is returned to the solar heat air blower 7 through the circulating fan 4 and the return air line 5, and then conveyed to the oil-gas heat exchanger 11 after the through heat collecting pipe 10 in the solar heat air blower 7 absorbs solar heat, or the gas from the oil-gas heat exchanger 11 is returned to the solar heat air blower 7 through the return air line 5, and then conveyed to the oil-gas heat exchanger 11 through the ventilator 13 after the through heat collecting pipe 10 in the solar heat air blower 7 absorbs solar heat, thereby forming a heat recovery and energy release circulation loop of gas.

[0075] An oil heater 31 is provided:

[0076] The oil heater 31 comprises a heating element 32, the heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 is boosted by the heat-conducting oil pump 18, the boosted heat-conducting oil is conveyed to the oil heater 31, and heating is completed by the heating element 32 (for example, a heating element made of a flat plate type hollow cavity structure, a jacket type hollow cavity structure, or a square tube disc of a hollow cavity), and the heat-conducting oil from the oil heater 31 is returned to the heat-conducting oil tank 1 or falls into the heat-conducting oil tank 1 through the oil-gas heat exchanger 11, thereby forming an energy release loop of the heat storage heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank 1.

[0077] The oil heater 31 comprises an oil heated kettle, an oil heated rice cooker, an oil heated steamer, an oil heated frying pan, and an oil heated air blower, etc.

[0078] The high-temperature heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank 1 can meet the heating temperature requirements of boiling water, steaming rice, cooking rice, and making porridge when the temperature of the high-temperature heat-conducting oil is higher than 140℃. The functional design of the oil-heated kettle, oil-heated rice cooker, oil-heated steaming and cooking pot, and oil-heated frying pan can be designed according to the functional settings of the corresponding electric heating equipment. Preferably, the contact part of the oil heater 31 and the heating element 32 adopts the same structural design, thereby enhancing the flexibility and versatility of the heating element 32 and the cooking utensils.

[0079] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a hot water tank 20:

[0080] The hot water tank 20 is provided with an oil-water heater 22 for heating water. The oil-water heater 22 is arranged in or outside the hot water tank 20. The heat-conducting oil from the heat-conducting oil tank 1 enters the heat-conducting oil pump 18 to increase the pressure. The heat-conducting oil after being pressurized is delivered to the oil-water heater 22. The water heated by the oil-water heater 22 is stored in the hot water tank 20. The heat-conducting oil from the oil-water heater 22 returns to the heat-conducting oil tank 1 or falls into the heat-conducting oil tank 1 through the oil-gas heat exchanger 11, thereby forming an energy release circuit of the heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank 1.

[0081] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a water inlet valve 26. The cold water 25 enters the hot water tank 20 through the water inlet valve 26. The cold water 25 is tap water or underground water.

[0082] Preferably, the water inlet valve 26 is an automatic water replenishment valve. When the water level in the hot water tank 20 is at a set low water level, the automatic water replenishment valve opens to replenish water. When the water level in the hot water tank 20 reaches a set high water level, the automatic water replenishment valve closes to stop replenishing water, thereby avoiding the waste of overflowing water due to forgetting to close the water inlet valve when replenishing water in a traditional solar water heater.

[0083] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a hot water valve 27. The water in the hot water tank 20 is output as hot water 28 for daily use through the hot water valve 27.

[0084] The hot water tank 20 is provided with a drain valve 23 for discharging solid pollutants precipitated in the hot water tank 20.

[0085] The hot water tank 20 is provided with an air inlet valve 24. When the air in the air space 21 in the hot water tank 20 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the air inlet valve 24 can be opened to replenish air and closed when the pressure is balanced with the outside air, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of "negative pressure suction" of the hot water tank due to air dissolving into water.

[0086] As a variation of the process, another heat-conducting oil pump can be used instead of the heat-conducting oil pump 18 to supply heat to the heat-using equipment. The essence and function of the heat-conducting oil pump are the same as those of the heat-conducting oil pump 18. Corresponding control, regulating valves, and instruments are added, and the corresponding bypass pipeline is reasonably arranged.

[0087] As shown in the attachedFigure 1 As shown, when the plurality of through heat collecting pipes 10 are used in parallel, the solar hot air generator 7 comprises a left header tank 8, a right header tank 9, and the through heat collecting pipes 10, a plurality of parallel through heat collecting pipes 10 are arranged between the left header tank 8 and the right header tank 9, the through heat collecting pipes 10 absorb the heat of the solar energy, heat the air entering the right header tank 9, and the generated high-temperature gas is led out from the left header tank 8, transported to the oil-gas heat exchanger 11 to exchange heat with the heat conducting oil, and then returned to the right header tank 9, thereby forming an air closed loop circulation loop of the through heat collecting pipe type solar hot air generator 7.

[0088] The solar hot air generator 7 can be used in multiple groups in series, in parallel, or in series and parallel.

[0089] Preferably, the through heat collecting pipe 10 adopts a vacuum heat collector, the inner layer of the heat collecting pipe is a stainless steel pipe, the outer layer is a glass pipe plus metal corrugated pipes at both ends, and the outer surface of the inner pipe is coated with a selective absorption coating to achieve maximum absorption of direct solar radiation and minimum infrared wave re-radiation.

[0090] The circulating fan 4 is provided with an adjusting damper 3 for adjusting the air supply amount of the circulating fan 4.

[0091] The ventilator 13 is provided with a hot air measuring adjusting damper 12 for adjusting the air supply amount of the ventilator 13.

[0092] The circulating fan 4 and the ventilator 13 are substantially the same, only for distinction.

[0093] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 adopts a centrifugal fan, an axial fan, a screw type fan, or a vortex fan.

[0094] The solar hot air generator 7 is provided with necessary support rods or support frames to safely, stably, and effectively fix the solar hot air generator, avoiding overturning accidents caused by strong winds and the like.

[0095] The household solar high-temperature heat utilization system adopts a special heat conducting oil packaging and operation process: after the assembled micro heat conducting oil furnace system is purged, air tightness tested, liquid pressure tested, and re-purged and qualified, the residual air in the micro heat conducting oil furnace system is replaced by nitrogen, then the dehydrated and degassed qualified heat conducting oil is injected and packaged and insulated, and a positive pressure closed circulation operation mode is adopted; or after the assembled heat conducting oil system is purged, air tightness tested, liquid pressure tested, and re-purged and qualified, the heat conducting oil is injected, the heat conducting oil is dehydrated and degassed by using solar heat, then the residual air in the micro heat conducting oil furnace system is replaced by nitrogen, and a positive pressure closed circulation operation mode is adopted.

[0096] The inlet pipeline of the heat conducting oil pump 18 is provided with a filter for filtering solid impurity particles in the inlet pipeline heat conducting oil.

[0097] The heat conducting oil tank 1 in the heat conducting oil furnace system plays the role of oil gas separation, buffering, heat storage and storage, so that heat preservation measures need to be taken, and the design temperature range of the outer surface of the heat preservation is preferably 25 to 30℃.

[0098] The heat conducting oil system is provided with necessary exhaust valves and safety valves.

[0099] The heat conducting oil tank 1 adopts a horizontal or vertical structure, preferably a vertical structure, which facilitates the compact arrangement of the system.

[0100] The valve names in the present application are only used for differentiation, and some actual functions are the same.

[0101] The circulating fan 4 or the ventilator 13 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode, and when the sunshine, heat supply, and hot water tank water temperature change, the air supply amount and air supply pressure can be flexibly adjusted.

[0102] Preferably, the hot water tank 20 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel material.

[0103] The hot water tank 1, air duct, and heat accumulator 28 of the through heat collecting tube type solar water heater take heat preservation measures.

[0104] The heat conducting oil tank 1 or the hot water tank 20 is provided with an electric heater, or the heat conducting oil pipeline is provided with a heat recovery device, which is used as a supplementary heat source on cloudy days.

[0105] Pipelines, instruments, valves, regulation bypasses, etc. not mentioned in the present application are matched with the mature technology in the known organic heat carrier boiler and solar water heating engineering.

[0106] Parts not mentioned in the present application, such as safety accessories, interlocking protection devices, and automatic control, are matched with the existing known technology.

[0107] Example 2:

[0108] As shown in the accompanying Figure 2 When a plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 are used in series, the solar hot air generator 7 includes a trough type heat collector 37, a light concentrating plate 38, and a through heat collecting tube 10. Air enters the plurality of through heat collecting tubes 10 in series, the through heat collecting tube 10 absorbs the heat of the sun, heats the entering air, and the generated high-temperature air is led out and transported to the oil gas heat exchanger 11 to exchange heat with the heat conducting oil, and then returns to the inlet of the through heat collecting tube 10, thereby forming an air closed loop circulation loop of the through heat collecting tube type solar hot air generator 7.

[0109] The rest is the same as example 1.

[0110] Although the present application has been disclosed with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the application, and any person skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, can make various changes or modifications, which are also within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of the present application should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A household solar high temperature heat utilization system, characterized in that: It includes a micro thermal oil furnace, wherein the rated thermal power of the micro thermal oil furnace is ≤99.9KW, wherein: Solar hot air generator (7) to recover heat from solar energy, The oil-gas heat exchanger (11) exchanges heat between the high-temperature gas and the heat-conducting oil. The thermal oil tank (1) serves as a heat storage device for heat storage. The heat transfer oil pump (18) is used to pressurize and transport the heat transfer oil. The heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil tank (1) is pressurized by the heat transfer oil pump (18) and sent to the oil-gas heat exchanger (11) to exchange heat with the high-temperature gas sent from the solar hot air generator (7). The heat transfer oil that comes out falls into the heat transfer oil tank (1), thereby forming a heat recovery and heat storage circulation loop for the heat transfer oil. The gas coming out of the oil-gas heat exchanger (11) returns to the solar hot air heater (7) through the circulating fan (4) and the return air pipeline (5), and the heat collecting pipe in the solar hot air heater (7) absorbs the solar heat and is then transported to the oil-gas heat exchanger (11). Alternatively, the gas coming out of the oil-gas heat exchanger (11) returns to the solar hot air heater (7) through the return air pipeline (5), and the heat collecting pipe in the solar hot air heater (7) absorbs the solar heat and is then transported to the oil-gas heat exchanger (11) through the ventilator (13), thereby forming a heat recovery and energy release circulation loop for the gas.

2. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Equipped with oil heater (31): The oil heater (31) includes a heating element (32). The heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank (1) enters the heat-conducting oil pump (18) to be pressurized. The pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil heater (31) and heated by the heating element (32). The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil heater (31) returns to the heat-conducting oil tank (1), or falls into the heat-conducting oil tank (1) through the oil-gas heat exchanger (11), thereby forming an energy release circuit for the heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank (1).

3. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a hot water tank (20): The hot water tank (20) uses an oil-water heater (22) to heat water. The heat-conducting oil in the heat-conducting oil tank (1) enters the heat-conducting oil pump (18) to increase the pressure. The pressurized heat-conducting oil is transported to the oil-water heater (22). The water heated by the oil-water heater (22) is stored in the hot water tank (20). The heat-conducting oil coming out of the oil-water heater (22) returns to the heat-conducting oil tank (1) or falls into the heat-conducting oil tank (1) through the oil-gas heat exchanger (11), thereby forming an energy release circuit for the heat-conducting oil stored in the heat-conducting oil tank (1).

4. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating fan (4) or ventilator (13) is a centrifugal, axial, screw or vortex fan.

5. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water inlet valve (26) is provided: cold water (25) enters the hot water tank (20) through the water inlet valve (26); When the water inlet valve (26) is an automatic water replenishing valve, when the water level in the hot water tank (20) is at a set low water level, the automatic water replenishing valve opens to allow water to enter, and when the water level in the hot water tank (20) reaches a set high water level, the automatic water replenishing valve closes and stops replenishing water.

6. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat collecting pipe is a through heat collecting pipe (10) or a heat pipe.

7. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the through heat collecting tubes (10) are used in parallel: the solar hot air device (7) comprises a left header (8), a right header (9), and a through heat collecting tube (10); a plurality of through heat collecting tubes (10) connected in parallel are arranged between the left header (8) and the right header (9); the through heat collecting tubes (10) absorb the heat of the solar energy and heat the air entering the right header (9); the generated high-temperature air is drawn out from the left header (8), transported to the oil-gas heat exchanger (11) for heat exchange with the heat transfer oil, and then returned to the right header (9), thereby forming an air closed-circuit circulation loop of the through heat collecting tube type solar hot air device (7).

8. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the through heat collecting tubes (10) are used in series: the solar hot air device (7) includes a trough heat collector (37), a concentrating plate (38) and a through heat collecting tube (10), air enters the plurality of through heat collecting tubes (10) connected in series, the through heat collecting tubes (10) absorb the heat of the solar energy, heat the entering air, and the generated high-temperature air is drawn out and transported to the oil-gas heat exchanger (11) for heat exchange with the heat transfer oil, and then returns to the inlet of the through heat collecting tube (10), thereby forming an air closed-circuit circulation loop of the through heat collecting tube type solar hot air device (7).

9. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The through heat collecting tube (10) adopts a vacuum heat collector, the inner layer of the heat collecting tube is a stainless steel tube, the outer layer is a glass tube plus metal bellows at both ends, and the outer surface of the inner tube is coated with a selective absorption coating to achieve maximum absorption rate of direct solar radiation and minimum infrared wave re-radiation.

10. The household solar high temperature heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal oil tank (1) or the hot water tank (20) is provided with an electric heater, or the thermal oil pipeline is provided with a heat recovery device, as a supplementary heat source.

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