Cooker

Abstract

The utility model provides a cooker. The cooker comprises a single-layer metal base material, an iron alloy spraying layer and a nitriding treatment layer, the iron alloy spraying layer is arranged on the inner surface of the metal base material, and the nitriding treatment layer is located on the surface layer of the iron alloy spraying layer. According to the cooker provided by the embodiment of the invention, the iron alloy spraying layer has certain non-stickiness, the base body of the cooker is the single-layer metal base material, and the iron alloy spraying layer is arranged on the inner surface of the single-layer metal base material, so that when the iron alloy spraying layer is nitrided, the single-layer metal base material does not have the risk of high-temperature layering; therefore, nitrogen atoms subjected to nitriding treatment can enter the deeper position of the surface layer of the iron alloy spraying layer, the cooker with the good nitriding effect can be obtained, and the performance of the cooker in the aspects of corrosion resistance, non-stickiness and the like can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to kitchen utensil technical field, concretely relates to a utensil. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, in order to ensure that the formed utensil is uniformly heat-conductive (avoid local temperature too high burnt paste stick pot) and corrosion-resistant, a composite substrate is usually used, then the non-stick material is sprayed on the surface of the composite substrate, and nitriding treatment is carried out, so that the utensil with good non-stick and corrosion resistance is obtained. However, the composite substrate has poor temperature resistance and is prone to delamination, so that the nitriding effect of the rust-proof utensil formed by the composite substrate is general, thereby affecting the performance of the utensil in various aspects.

[0003] Based on the above situation, it is necessary to provide a utensil with good nitriding treatment effect. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a utensil to solve the problem of general nitriding effect of the utensil formed by the composite substrate.

[0005] According to the utility model, a utensil is provided, wherein the utensil comprises a single-layer metal substrate, an iron alloy spraying layer and a nitriding treatment layer, the iron alloy spraying layer is arranged on the inner surface of the metal substrate, and the nitriding treatment layer is located on the surface layer of the iron alloy spraying layer.

[0006] According to the utensil provided by the embodiment of the application, the utensil is manufactured by selecting a single-layer metal substrate and forming an iron alloy spraying layer thereon. Since the thickness of the iron alloy spraying layer thereon is relatively thin, and the single-layer metal substrate has strong bonding force and small stress, the utensil can withstand the high temperature required for nitriding and does not have the risk of delamination at high temperature. Therefore, the high-temperature nitrogen atoms of the nitriding treatment can enter the surface layer of the iron alloy spraying layer deeper, so that a utensil with good nitriding effect can be obtained to improve the performance of the utensil in various aspects such as corrosion resistance and non-stickness.

[0007] In some embodiments, the utensil further comprises an oxidation treatment layer, wherein the oxidation treatment layer is arranged on the surface layer of the nitriding treatment layer and serves as the inner surface of the utensil. In this way, the oxidation treatment layer can ensure the stability of the surface of the utensil, and can make the inner surface of the utensil present a relatively dark appearance compared to metal, avoiding the problem of local color difference of the utensil in the subsequent use process, thereby ensuring the user's experience. In addition, the oxidation treatment layer on the surface can also improve the corrosion resistance of the utensil.

[0008] In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating layer comprises a titanium-iron alloy spray coating layer, and after the nitriding treatment, the nitriding layer comprises nitrided iron and nitrided titanium, which have certain hardness, so that the nitriding layer is more wear-resistant. In addition, nitrogen atoms enter the crystal lattices of iron and titanium, causing lattice distortion, so that the nitriding layer as a whole exhibits amorphousness, thereby significantly improving the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, non-stickiness and aesthetic appearance of the nitriding layer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating layer is a titanium-iron alloy spray coating layer, and after the oxidation treatment, the oxidation layer comprises magnetite and titanium oxide, which have certain hardness and a deeper color, so that the oxidation layer is more wear-resistant and dirt-resistant. In addition, when the oxidation layer contains both magnetite and titanium oxide, the two components can synergize with each other to further enhance the wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0010] In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating layer is a plasma layer, which has good density and uniformity, thereby further improving the corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity of the cookware.

[0011] In some embodiments, the particle size of the particles forming the iron alloy spray coating layer is 300-500 mesh, so that the iron alloy spray coating layer with relatively small porosity and uniform pore distribution can be formed by particle accumulation.

[0012] In some embodiments, the thickness of the iron alloy spray coating layer is d2, wherein 30 microns ≤ d2 ≤ 80 microns. If the thickness of the iron alloy spray coating layer is too thick, it may collapse under thermal stress during the nitriding treatment, and if the thickness of the iron alloy spray coating layer is too thin, the process uniformity is difficult to control, and the iron alloy spray coating layer is prone to local exposure or uneven thickness. Within the above thickness range, the iron alloy spray coating layer can have sufficient thickness for nitrogen penetration and form a certain depth of nitriding layer, and the depth of the nitriding layer can directly determine the thickness of the nitride film, thereby affecting the corrosion resistance and non-stickiness of the cookware.

[0013] In some embodiments, the formation depth of the nitriding layer is d3, wherein 8 microns ≤ d3 ≤ 20 microns, so that the durability of the nitriding effect can be improved without negative impact on the metal substrate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the formation depth of the oxidation layer is d4, wherein 3 microns ≤ d4 ≤ 6 microns, so that the durability of the oxidation effect can be improved without negative impact on the substrate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the cookware further comprises a heat-conducting layer arranged on the outer surface of the metal base material, which can rapidly and uniformly transmit heat inward, ensuring the cooking efficiency of the cookware.

[0016] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting layer comprises a metal layer or a copper layer, which has high heat conductivity and can transmit heat faster, ensuring that the cookware reaches the required cooking temperature in a very short time; and / or the thickness of the heat-conducting layer is d5, wherein 80 microns ≤ d5 ≤ 500 microns, within this thickness range, the heat-conducting layer can effectively transmit heat from the heat source (such as the heating element of an induction cooker) to the cooking surface of the cookware, while avoiding heat accumulation and increased energy consumption caused by an excessively thick heat-conducting layer, to ensure optimal heat-conducting effect and structural strength.

[0017] In some embodiments, the cookware further comprises a magnetically-conductive layer arranged on the outer surface of the metal base material.

[0018] In these embodiments, by arranging the magnetically-conductive layer, the cookware can be suitable for more types of heat sources (induction cooker or open flame), so that the cookware can meet the use requirements of more users.

[0019] In some embodiments, the magnetically-conductive layer comprises an iron layer, a cobalt layer or a nickel layer, wherein the iron layer has good magnetic permeability and relatively low resistivity, and can efficiently respond to the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic heat source to convert electromagnetic energy into heat energy. The cobalt layer has high magnetic permeability and saturation magnetization, and can exhibit superior performance than iron. The nickel layer has ferromagnetism and excellent corrosion resistance. And / or the thickness of the magnetically-conductive layer is d6, wherein 300 microns ≤ d6 ≤ 500 microns, if the thickness of the magnetically-conductive layer is too thick, it may collapse due to excessive internal stress, and if the thickness of the magnetically-conductive layer is too thin, it may not be able to conduct magnetism due to excessive resistance. Within this thickness range, the magnetically-conductive layer can provide sufficient magnetic induction area to respond to the magnetic field generated by the external electromagnetic heat source and generate sufficient magnetic induction current (eddy current) to convert electromagnetic energy into heat energy. In addition, an appropriate thickness helps to evenly distribute and quickly transmit heat within the magnetically-conductive layer, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency of the cookware. Furthermore, an excessively thick magnetically-conductive layer may increase material and processing costs, while an excessively thin layer may not meet performance requirements, and selecting this thickness range can effectively control costs while ensuring performance. And / or the magnetically-conductive layer is arranged on the bottom wall of the metal base material and is in the form of a circle with a diameter not less than 10 cm, if the diameter of the magnetically-conductive layer is too small, the induction power is too low or it cannot conduct magnetism, and if the diameter of the magnetically-conductive layer is too large, it wastes costs and increases the risk of collapse of the magnetically-conductive layer in the side wall area of the cookware.

[0020] In some embodiments, the cookware further comprises a protective layer covering the outer side of the magnetic conductive layer.

[0021] In these embodiments, by arranging the protective layer on the outer side of the magnetic conductive layer, not only the service life of the magnetic conductive layer can be significantly improved, but also various potential risks can be effectively avoided, for example, the risk of magnetic leakage of the magnetic conductive layer can be avoided, and the magnetic conductive layer can be prevented from being rapidly heated or even burned due to direct contact with a high-temperature heat source.

[0022] In some embodiments, the protective layer comprises a metal oxide layer or an organic coating layer, the organic coating layer has good adhesion and certain weather resistance, can be closely attached to the surface of the magnetic conductive layer, and form a uniform protective film. Such protective layer not only has an aesthetic appearance, but also can adjust its appearance characteristics such as color and glossiness according to needs, to meet the diversified aesthetic needs of users. And / or, the thickness of the protective layer is d7, wherein 15 microns ≤ d7 ≤ 30 microns, within this thickness range, the protective layer can provide sufficient physical and chemical protection, effectively resist the erosion of the external environment, while maintaining good adhesion and strength.

[0023] In some embodiments, the metal substrate is a magnesium substrate, an aluminum substrate, a carbon steel substrate, a titanium substrate or a stainless steel substrate, and the cookware has more types of substrates, which can be used to manufacture the required type of cookware based on actual needs. And / or, the thickness of the metal substrate is d1, wherein 1.2 millimeters ≤ d1 ≤ 2.0 millimeters, within this thickness range, the metal substrate can balance the strength, weight and transfer efficiency of the manufactured cookware and withstand the process requirements of cookware manufacturing. For example, if the thickness of the metal substrate is too thin during the manufacture of the cookware, it is easy to be deformed by high temperature during nitriding treatment, and if the thickness of the metal substrate is too thick, the manufactured cookware is too heavy and affects the heat conduction effect.

[0024] In some embodiments, the stainless steel substrate is a 304 stainless steel substrate or a 316 stainless steel substrate, and these two materials have better corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and hardness, so that the cookware has good rust resistance and suitable mechanical strength to ensure reliability during later use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The above and other objects and features of the present application will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0026] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the cookware according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged structure schematic view of position I in FIG. 1.

[0028] Symbol Explanation

[0029] 10, metal base material;

[0030] 20, iron alloy sprayed layer; 31, nitriding treatment layer; 32, oxidation treatment layer;

[0031] 40, heat conduction layer; 50, magnetic permeability layer; 60, protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following detailed description is provided to aid the reader in understanding the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein will be clear to those skilled in the art after understanding the present disclosure. For example, the order of the operations described herein is merely an example and is not limited to those set forth herein, but can be changed as will be clear to one of ordinary skill in the art after understanding the present disclosure, except for operations that must occur in a particular order. Also, the description of features known in the art can be omitted for the sake of clarity and conciseness.

[0033] The features described herein can be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, these examples have been provided so that the many possible forms of implementing the methods, devices, and / or systems described herein can be understood, as will be clear to one of ordinary skill in the art after understanding the present disclosure.

[0034] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any one of the associated listed items, as well as any combination of any two or more of the associated listed items.

[0035] Although terms such as "first", "second", and "third" can be used herein to describe various components, assemblies, regions, layers, or portions, these components, assemblies, regions, layers, or portions should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one component, assembly, region, layer, or portion from another component, assembly, region, layer, or portion. Thus, a first component, first assembly, first region, first layer, or first portion referred to in the examples described herein can also be referred to as a second component, second assembly, second region, second layer, or second portion, without departing from the teachings of the examples.

[0036] In the description, when an element such as a layer, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, "connected to" or "mounted to" another element, it can be directly on, connected or mounted to the other element, or intervening elements can be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to" or "directly mounted to" another element, there are no intervening elements present.

[0037] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including" and "has", "having" as used herein, are specifically intended to be construed as specifying the presence of stated features, numbers, operations, components, elements, or combinations thereof, but not precluding the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, operations, components, elements, or combinations thereof.

[0038] The terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like in the present disclosure are defined based on the orientation of the cookware in the normal use state. This definition will help the reader or user to clearly understand the relative position relationship of each component and function, and should not be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs when read in light of the present disclosure. Unless otherwise explicitly defined herein, the terms such as, for example, terms defined in a general dictionary should be interpreted as having the same meaning as their meanings in the context of the relevant art and this disclosure, and should not be interpreted ideally or too formally.

[0040] In addition, in the description of the examples, when it is considered that a detailed description of the related components or functions that are well known will cause a vague interpretation of the present disclosure, such a detailed description will be omitted.

[0041] Currently, in order to ensure the uniform heat conduction of the formed cookware (avoiding local temperature too high to cause sticking) and corrosion resistance, a composite substrate (formed by two or more different metal plates with millimeter level thickness hot-rolled) is usually used when manufacturing the non-stick cookware without coating, then, the non-stick material is sprayed on the surface of the composite substrate by plasma, and nitrogenization treatment is performed to obtain the cookware with good non-stickiness and corrosion resistance. However, the composite substrate has poor temperature resistance. The inventors find that the composite substrate usually delaminates at a temperature higher than 480℃, and the nitrogenization treatment usually needs a temperature higher than 560℃ to obtain a good nitrogenization effect, so the nitrogenization effect of the anti-rust cookware formed by the composite substrate is generally poor, thereby affecting the performance of the cookware in various aspects.

[0042] Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a cookware with good nitrogenization treatment effect.

[0043] According to the present application, the cookware is manufactured by selecting a single-layer metal substrate 10 and forming a micron-level thickness iron alloy sprayed layer on the single-layer metal substrate 10, since the iron alloy sprayed layer on the single-layer metal substrate 10 has strong bonding force and small stress, the single-layer metal substrate 10 can withstand the high temperature required for nitrogenization, and there is no risk of high-temperature delamination. Therefore, the high-temperature nitrogen atoms of the nitrogenization treatment can enter deeper into the surface layer of the iron alloy sprayed layer 20, thereby obtaining a cookware with good nitrogenization effect, so as to improve the performance of the cookware in various aspects such as corrosion resistance and non-stickiness.

[0044] The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with Figures 1 to 2 to introduce the cookware provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0045] According to the embodiments of the present application, a cookware is provided, as shown in Figures 1 to 2 The cookware includes a single-layer metal substrate 10, an iron alloy sprayed layer 20 and a nitrogenization treatment layer 31, wherein the iron alloy sprayed layer 20 is arranged on the inner surface of the metal substrate 10, and the nitrogenization treatment layer 31 is located in the surface layer of the iron alloy sprayed layer 20.

[0046] According to the cookware provided by the embodiments of the present application, the cookware is manufactured by selecting a single-layer metal substrate 10 and forming an iron alloy sprayed layer on the single-layer metal substrate 10, since the iron alloy sprayed layer on the single-layer metal substrate 10 has strong bonding force and small stress, the single-layer metal substrate 10 can withstand the high temperature required for nitrogenization, and there is no risk of high-temperature delamination. Therefore, the high-temperature nitrogen atoms of the nitrogenization treatment can enter deeper into the surface layer of the iron alloy sprayed layer 20, thereby obtaining a cookware with good nitrogenization effect, so as to improve the performance of the cookware in various aspects such as corrosion resistance and non-stickiness.

[0047] According to the present application, the metal base 10 has a basic structure including a receiving cavity formed by stretching or spinning using a metal material. Here, the metal base can be composed of a single metal element such as iron, magnesium, titanium, aluminum, etc., or an alloy composed of a plurality of metal elements such as stainless steel (an alloy of elements such as iron, chromium, nickel, etc.), an aluminum alloy (an alloy of elements such as aluminum, copper, magnesium, etc.), etc.

[0048] In some embodiments, the metal base 10 is a magnesium base, an aluminum base, a carbon steel base, a titanium base, or a stainless steel base, and the base type of the cookware is various, and the desired type of cookware can be manufactured based on actual needs.

[0049] In some embodiments, the metal base 10 has a thickness d1, where 1.2 mm ≤ d1 ≤ 2.0 mm. In this thickness range, the metal base can balance the strength, weight, and transfer efficiency of the manufactured cookware and withstand the process requirements of cookware manufacturing. For example, if the thickness of the metal base 10 is too thin, it is easy to deform under high temperature during nitriding treatment, and if the thickness of the metal base 10 is too thick, the manufactured cookware is too heavy and affects the heat conduction effect.

[0050] In some embodiments, the stainless steel base is a 304 stainless steel base or a 316 stainless steel base. These two materials have better corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, and hardness, so that the cookware has good rust resistance and suitable mechanical strength to ensure reliability during later use.

[0051] In some embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating 20 is a titanium-iron alloy spray coating. After nitriding treatment, the nitriding treatment layer 31 includes nitrided iron and nitrided titanium. Nitrided iron and nitrided titanium have a certain hardness, which can make the nitriding treatment layer 31 more wear-resistant. In addition, nitrogen atoms will enter the crystal lattice of iron and titanium, causing lattice distortion, so that the nitriding treatment layer 31 as a whole exhibits amorphousness, thereby significantly improving the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, non-stickness, and aesthetics of the nitriding treatment layer 31.

[0052] In other embodiments, the iron alloy spray coating 20 is a stainless steel layer. After nitriding treatment, the nitriding treatment layer 31 includes nitrided iron. Nitrided iron has a certain hardness, which can make the nitriding treatment layer 31 more wear-resistant. In addition, nitrogen atoms will enter the crystal lattice of iron, causing lattice distortion, so that the nitriding treatment layer 31 as a whole exhibits amorphousness, thereby significantly improving the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, non-stickness, and aesthetics of the nitriding treatment layer 31.

[0053] In some embodiments, the nitriding treatment layer 31 has a certain depth, which can improve the durability of the nitriding effect and does not have a negative impact on the metal substrate 10. For example, the nitriding treatment layer 31 has a forming depth d3, where 8 microns ≤ d3 ≤ 20 microns.

[0054] According to the present application, the cookware further comprises an oxidation treatment layer 32, wherein the oxidation treatment layer 32 is arranged on the surface layer of the nitriding treatment layer 31 and serves as the inner surface of the cookware. In this way, the oxidation treatment layer 32 can ensure the stability of the surface of the cookware and make the inner surface of the cookware appear relatively dark compared to metal, thereby avoiding the problem of local color difference of the cookware during subsequent use and ensuring the user experience. In addition, the oxidation treatment layer 32 on the surface can also improve the corrosion resistance of the cookware.

[0055] In some embodiments, the iron alloy sprayed layer 20 is a titanium-iron alloy sprayed layer, and after oxidation treatment, the oxidation treatment layer 32 comprises magnetite and titanium oxide. The magnetite and titanium oxide have a certain hardness and a relatively deep color, which can make the oxidation treatment layer 32 more wear-resistant and dirt-resistant. In addition, when the oxidation treatment layer 32 contains both magnetite and titanium oxide, the two components can synergize with each other to further enhance the wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Specifically, the magnetite and titanium oxide can significantly improve the wear resistance of the oxidation treatment layer 32, making it more durable. At the same time, the two components can also improve the corrosion resistance of the oxidation treatment layer 32 to some extent, thereby prolonging its service life.

[0056] In other embodiments, the iron alloy sprayed layer 20 is a stainless steel layer, and after nitriding treatment, the nitriding treatment layer 31 comprises magnetite. The magnetite has a certain hardness, which can make the nitriding treatment layer 31 more wear-resistant, and has a certain lipophilicity, which can meet the demand of the cookware for non-stickiness. In addition, nitrogen atoms will enter the crystal lattice of iron, causing lattice distortion, so that the nitriding treatment layer 31 as a whole presents amorphous, thereby making the nitriding treatment layer 31 have excellent properties in corrosion resistance, wear resistance, non-stickiness, and aesthetics.

[0057] In some embodiments, the oxidation treatment layer 32 has a certain depth, which can improve the durability of the oxidation effect and does not have a negative impact on the substrate. For example, the oxidation treatment layer 32 has a forming depth d4, where 3 microns ≤ d4 ≤ 6 microns.

[0058] According to the present application, the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 is a titanium-iron alloy spray coating. According to the present application, the ferrous alloy spray coating can be made of a ferrous alloy material, for example, when the ferrous alloy spray coating is a titanium-iron alloy spray coating, it is formed of a titanium-iron alloy material. Of course, the ferrous alloy spray coating of the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can select other suitable materials to form the ferrous alloy spray coating of the present application under the teaching of the present application. In addition, it should be noted that the materials used to form the ferrous alloy spray coating herein are all existing ferrous alloy materials.

[0059] In some embodiments, the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 is a plasma layer, and the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 is formed by plasma spraying of a ferrous alloy material, so that the density and uniformity of the formed ferrous alloy spray coating 20 can be ensured, and the corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity of the cookware can be further improved.

[0060] In some embodiments, the particle size of the particles used to form the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 is 300-500 mesh, so that the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 with relatively small porosity and uniform pore distribution can be formed by particle accumulation.

[0061] According to the present application, the thickness of the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 is micron level, and the relatively thicker thickness can obtain relatively smaller stress, so as to further reduce the possibility of delamination, and the structure of the cookware is lighter. In some embodiments, the thickness of the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 is d2, wherein 30 microns≤d2≤80 microns. If the thickness of the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 is too thick, it may be affected by thermal stress and collapse during nitriding treatment, and if the thickness of the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 is too thin, the process is difficult to control uniformity, and the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 is easy to partially expose or the thickness of the ferrous alloy spray coating is easy to be uneven. Within the above thickness range, the ferrous alloy spray coating 20 can have sufficient thickness for nitrogen penetration and form a certain depth of nitriding treatment layer, and the depth of the nitriding treatment layer can directly determine the thickness of the nitride film, thereby affecting the corrosion resistance and non-stickiness of the cookware.

[0062] The above describes the inner layer structure provided on the inner surface of the metal base 10 according to the present application, and in the present application, the cookware further comprises an outer layer structure provided on the outer surface of the metal base 10, and the outer layer structure according to the present application will be described below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0063] According to the present application, the outer layer structure of the cookware is designed to have a double-layer structure or a triple-layer structure, where both structure forms are intended to optimize the heat conduction efficiency and cooking performance of the cookware. In the double-layer structure, the outer coating is composed of a magnetic conductive layer 50 and a protective layer 60, where the magnetic conductive layer 50 is the main component for the cookware to obtain heat when the external heat source is an electromagnetic heat source (e.g., an induction cooker). The magnetic conductive layer 50 is usually made of ferromagnetic materials such as iron, nickel, cobalt or their alloys, which can generate magnetic induction current, i.e., eddy current, in a magnetic field, thereby converting electromagnetic energy into heat energy. The protective layer 60 is located on the magnetic conductive layer 50 and mainly serves to protect the magnetic conductive layer 50 from corrosion, wear and scratching. The protective layer 60 can be made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials such as ceramic, glass-ceramic, Teflon or other synthetic materials. In the triple-layer structure, the outer coating includes, in addition to the magnetic conductive layer 50 and the protective layer 60, a heat conductive layer 40 arranged between the magnetic conductive layer 50 and the metal base 10, which is used to transmit heat faster and more uniformly to the food materials located inside the cookware. As an example, the heat conductive layer 40 is usually made of materials with high thermal conductivity, such as copper, metal or their alloys. These materials can quickly absorb the heat generated by the magnetic conductive layer 50 and uniformly transmit it to the metal base 10 and the inside of the cookware, significantly improving the heat conduction efficiency of the cookware, shortening the heating time and making the food materials more evenly heated.

[0064] According to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the cookware further comprises a magnetic conductive layer 50 arranged on the outer surface of the metal base 10. Specifically, it is arranged on the bottom wall region of the metal base 10.

[0065] In these embodiments, by arranging the magnetic conductive layer 50, the cookware can be suitable for more types of heat sources (induction cooker or open flame), so that the cookware can meet the use requirements of more users.

[0066] In some embodiments, the magnetic conductive layer 50 comprises an iron layer, a cobalt layer or a nickel layer, where the iron layer has good magnetic permeability and relatively low electrical resistivity, and can efficiently respond to the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic heat source to convert electromagnetic energy into heat energy. As an example, the iron layer can be 430 stainless steel. The cobalt layer has high magnetic permeability and saturation magnetization, and can exhibit superior performance than iron. The nickel layer has ferromagnetism and excellent corrosion resistance. Of course, the magnetic conductive layer according to the present application is not limited to this, and those skilled in the art can select other suitable materials as the material of the magnetic conductive layer according to the teachings of the present application.

[0067] In some embodiments, the thickness of the magnetic conductive layer 50 is d6, where 300 microns ≤ d6 ≤ 500 microns. If the thickness of the magnetic conductive layer 50 is too thick, it may collapse due to excessive internal stress, and if the thickness of the magnetic conductive layer 50 is too thin, it may not be able to conduct magnetism due to excessive resistance. Within this thickness range, the magnetic conductive layer 50 can provide sufficient magnetic induction area to respond to the magnetic field generated by the external electromagnetic heat source and generate sufficient magnetic induction current (eddy current) to convert electromagnetic energy into heat energy. In addition, the appropriate thickness helps to evenly distribute and quickly transfer heat within the magnetic conductive layer, thereby improving the heat conduction efficiency of the cooker. Furthermore, an excessively thick magnetic conductive layer may increase material and processing costs, while an excessively thin layer may not meet performance requirements, and selecting this thickness range can effectively control costs while ensuring performance.

[0068] In some embodiments, the magnetic conductive layer 50 is disposed on the bottom wall of the metal base material 10 and is circular with a diameter of not less than 10 cm. If the diameter of the magnetic conductive layer 50 is too small, the induced power is too low or it cannot conduct magnetism, and if the diameter of the magnetic conductive layer 50 is too large, it wastes costs and increases the risk of collapse of the magnetic conductive layer in the sidewall area of the cooker.

[0069] In some embodiments, the magnetic conductive layer 50 is disposed on the bottom wall of the metal base material 10 and is circular with a diameter of not less than 10 cm. The circular design of the magnetic conductive layer 50 on the bottom wall of the cooker can ensure that the bottom of the cooker can completely cover the heating area of the electromagnetic heat source, thereby achieving a uniform heating effect. In addition, the circular magnetic conductive layer is easier to match the bottom wall of the cooker (which is usually circular), and is more aesthetically pleasing and harmonious, meeting the aesthetic needs of most users.

[0070] In some embodiments, the cooker further comprises a protective layer 60 covering the outer side of the magnetic conductive layer 50.

[0071] In these embodiments, by disposing the protective layer 60 on the outer side of the magnetic conductive layer 50, not only can the service life of the magnetic conductive layer be significantly improved, but also various potential risks can be effectively avoided, for example, the risk of magnetic leakage of the magnetic conductive layer 50 can be avoided, and the magnetic conductive layer can be prevented from rapidly heating up or even burning out due to direct contact with a high-temperature heat source.

[0072] In some embodiments, the protective layer 60 comprises a metal oxide layer or an organic coating layer. For example, the metal oxide layer can be a ferric trioxide layer or a titanium oxide layer. The metal oxide layer has good heat resistance, corrosion resistance and hardness, and can effectively resist the erosion of the external environment to provide good protection for the magnetic conductive layer 50. In addition, the metal oxide also has good magnetic shielding performance, which can further reduce the occurrence of magnetic leakage. In addition, the pores of the metal oxide layer according to the present application can be filled with grease, so that the corrosion medium can be prevented from penetrating into the cooker through the pores to cause rust.

[0073] For example, the organic coating layer can be a fluorine coating layer or a ceramic coating layer. The organic coating layer has good adhesion and certain weather resistance, and can be closely attached to the surface of the magnetic conductive layer 50 to form a uniform protective film. Such a protective layer not only has an aesthetic appearance, but also can adjust its appearance characteristics such as color and gloss according to needs to meet the diversified aesthetic needs of users. In preferred embodiments, the protective layer 60 is a metal oxide layer, which can facilitate obtaining a black appearance of the cooker, resist dirt and wear, and enable the cooker to have a certain anti-slip effect when in use.

[0074] In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer 60 is d7, where 15 microns ≤ d7 ≤ 30 microns. Within this thickness range, the protective layer 60 can provide sufficient physical and chemical protection to effectively resist the erosion of the external environment, while maintaining good adhesion and strength.

[0075] According to the second aspect of the present application, the cooker further comprises a heat-conductive layer 40 disposed on the outer surface of the metal base 10. The heat-conductive layer can rapidly and uniformly transmit heat inward to ensure cooking efficiency. In the case where the cooker comprises the heat-conductive layer 40, the heat-conductive layer 40 is located between the metal base 10 and the magnetic conductive layer 50. In this way, when the cooker is used on an induction cooker, the heat can be rapidly and uniformly transmitted inward through the heat-conductive layer when the cooker obtains heat energy through the magnetic conductive layer, thereby ensuring cooking efficiency.

[0076] In some embodiments, the heat-conductive layer 40 comprises a metal layer or a copper layer. Of course, the heat-conductive layer according to the present application is not limited to this, and those skilled in the art can select other suitable heat-conductive layers 40 under the teachings of the present application. Here, the metal layer or the copper layer has high thermal conductivity, which can quickly transfer heat to ensure that the cooker reaches the required cooking temperature in a very short time.

[0077] In some embodiments, the thickness of the thermally conductive layer 40 is d5, where 80 microns ≤ d5 ≤ 500 microns. Within this thickness range, the thermally conductive layer can effectively transfer heat from a heat source (such as the heating element of an induction cooker) to the cooking surface of the cookware while avoiding heat accumulation and increased energy consumption caused by an excessively thick thermally conductive layer, thereby ensuring optimal thermal conductivity and structural strength.

[0078] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cookware includes an inner layer structure disposed on the inner surface of the cookware base and an outer layer structure disposed on the outer surface of the cookware base. The inner layer structure includes a single-layer metal substrate 10, an iron alloy sprayed layer 20, and a nitriding layer 31. The iron alloy sprayed layer 20 is disposed on the inner surface of the metal substrate 10, and the nitriding layer 31 is located on the surface of the iron alloy sprayed layer 20. The inner layer structure also includes an oxidation layer 32, which is disposed on the surface of the nitriding layer 31 and serves as the inner surface of the cookware. The outer layer structure includes a heat conductive layer 40, which is disposed on the outer surface of the metal substrate 10. The outer layer structure also includes a magnetic conductive layer 50 and a protective layer 60. The magnetic conductive layer 50 covers the outer side of the heat conductive layer 40, and the protective layer 60 covers the outer side of the magnetic conductive layer 50.

[0079] According to the present application, a method for manufacturing a cooker is provided, wherein the method for manufacturing the cooker comprises:

[0080] Step S101 : providing a single-layer metal substrate 10 .

[0081] In step S102 , an iron alloy sprayed layer 20 is formed on the inner surface of the metal substrate 10 .

[0082] In step S103 , the iron alloy sprayed layer 20 is subjected to a nitriding treatment to form a nitrided layer 31 on the surface of the iron alloy sprayed layer 20 .

[0083] In the embodiment of the present application, the temperature of the nitriding process is 560° C.-600° C., and the nitriding time is 3 h-6 h.

[0084] In step S104 , oxidation treatment is continued to form an oxidation treatment layer 32 on the surface of the nitridation treatment layer 31 .

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, the oxidation temperature of the oxidation treatment is 450° C.-500° C., and the oxidation time is 1.5 h-3 h.

[0086] According to the method for manufacturing the cookware, the iron alloy sprayed layer 20 has certain non-stickiness, the base body of the cookware is a single-layer metal base material 10, the iron alloy sprayed layer 20 is arranged on the inner surface of the metal base material 10, when the nitriding treatment is performed on the iron alloy sprayed layer 20, the single-layer metal base material 10 does not have the risk of high-temperature delamination, can withstand the high temperature required by the nitriding, and thus the high-temperature nitrogen atoms of the nitriding treatment can enter deeper into the surface layer of the iron alloy sprayed layer 20, so that the cookware with better nitriding effect can be obtained, so as to improve the performance of the cookware in various aspects such as corrosion resistance and non-stickiness.

[0087] Hereinafter, the method for manufacturing the cookware according to the present application will be described in combination with specific embodiments.

[0088] Providing a metal substrate

[0089] According to the present application, the metal base material has a basic structure formed by using a metal material through stretching or spinning to form a containing cavity. In some embodiments, the thickness of the metal base material is d1, where 1.2 mm≤d1≤2.0 mm, and such thickness can reduce the weight of the finally manufactured cookware.

[0090] In some embodiments, the inner surface or the outer surface of the metal base material has a rough structure with a roughness of 3 μm-6 μm. As an example, the metal base material is subjected to sanding treatment so that the metal base material has a rough structure with a surface roughness of 3 μm-6 μm. Such roughness can improve the bonding force between the inner layer structure and the outer layer structure and the metal base material, so as to further improve the overall bonding force of the layers thereon.

[0091] Forming a ferrous alloy spray coating

[0092] According to some embodiments of the present application, the cold sprayed iron alloy material is used to form an iron alloy sprayed layer on the metal base material. Specifically, the iron alloy material is accelerated to a supersonic state by using high-pressure gas (such as nitrogen, helium, etc.), and then impacts the surface of the metal base material. During the impact process, due to the huge impact energy, the iron alloy material is plastically deformed to a large extent, and forms a metallurgical bond or a mechanical bond with the surface of the metal base material, so as to deposit a dense accumulation layer on the base material as the iron alloy sprayed layer. The metallurgical bond is achieved through atomic diffusion and chemical reaction between the iron alloy material and the metal base material, and the mechanical bond is achieved through plastic deformation and embedding of the iron alloy material into the surface of the base material. Both of the two bonding modes can provide strong coating adhesion. In addition, the iron alloy sprayed layer formed by cold spraying has excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high-temperature stability, etc. The improvement of these performances makes the metal base material applicable in more fields and prolongs its service life.

[0093] According to a specific example, the parameters of the cold spraying process can be: the cold spraying carrier gas is nitrogen, the carrier gas pressure is 10-15 MPa, the preheating temperature is 200-350℃, the spraying distance is 25-30 mm, the powder feeding rate is 10-80 g / min, the spraying gun moving rate is 1-3 mm / s, and the substrate rotating speed is 80-100 r / min.

[0094] According to some embodiments of the present application, the plasma spraying is used to form the iron alloy spraying layer on the metal substrate, specifically, the iron alloy material is used to form the iron alloy spraying layer by plasma. In some embodiments, the parameters of the plasma spraying process can be: the current is 80-100 A; the voltage is 60-90 V; the main gas (argon) flow rate is 1200-1800 L / h; the hydrogen flow rate is 40-100 L / h; the powder feeding gas flow rate is 400-600 L / h; the powder feeding amount is 50-100 g / min; the spraying distance (gun nozzle to workpiece distance) is 10-15 cm; the spraying angle is 45-80°; and the workpiece temperature is room temperature.

[0095] In some embodiments, the iron alloy spraying layer is formed by the iron alloy material, which can be in the form of spherical or ellipsoidal particles, so that a more dense iron alloy spraying layer can be formed by the spherical close packing. As an example, the iron alloy material is in the form of particles, and the particle size of the particles is in the range of 300-500 mesh. The particles in this size range can maintain sufficient kinetic energy to deform upon impact with the metal substrate and have good bonding with the metal substrate, and can ensure the uniformity and density of the obtained iron alloy spraying layer 20.

[0096] Forming a magnetically permeable layer, a protective layer

[0097] According to the present application, the method for manufacturing the cookware further comprises sandblasting the outer surface of the metal substrate, which aims to enhance the roughness of the surface and provide a better adhesion basis for the subsequent setting of the magnetic conducting layer.

[0098] According to the present application, the method for manufacturing the cookware further comprises forming a magnetic conducting layer on the outer surface of the metal substrate, specifically, spraying iron wire, cobalt wire or nickel wire to form a magnetic conducting layer on the outer surface of the metal substrate, so that the cookware can be used on an electromagnetic oven.

[0099] In some embodiments, the thickness of the magnetic conductive layer 50 is d6, where 300 microns ≤ d6 ≤ 500 microns. If the thickness of the magnetic conductive layer 50 is too thick, it can collapse due to excessive internal stress, and if the thickness of the magnetic conductive layer 50 is too thin, it can not be able to conduct magnetism due to excessive resistance. Within this thickness range, the magnetic conductive layer 50 can provide sufficient magnetic induction area to respond to the magnetic field generated by the external electromagnetic heat source and generate sufficient magnetic induction current (eddy current) to convert electromagnetic energy into heat energy. In addition, the appropriate thickness helps to evenly distribute and quickly transfer heat within the magnetic conductive layer, thereby improving heat conduction efficiency. Furthermore, selecting this thickness range can effectively control costs while ensuring performance. A magnetic conductive layer that is too thick can increase material and processing costs, while a layer that is too thin can not meet performance requirements.

[0100] In some embodiments, the magnetic conductive layer 50 is disposed on the bottom wall of the metal base 10 and is circular with a diameter of no less than 10 cm. If the diameter of the magnetic conductive layer 50 is too small, the induced power is too low or it cannot conduct magnetism, and if the diameter of the magnetic conductive layer 50 is too large, it wastes costs and increases the risk of collapse of the magnetic conductive layer in the sidewall area of the cookware. In this embodiment, the bottom wall of the cookware is generally circular, and the magnetic conductive layer 50 is disposed on the bottom wall of the metal base 10 and is circular with a diameter of no less than 10 cm. The circular design of the magnetic conductive layer 50 on the bottom wall of the cookware can ensure that the bottom of the cookware can completely cover the heating area of the electromagnetic heat source, thereby achieving a uniform heating effect. In addition, the circular magnetic conductive layer is easier to match with the bottom of cookware of various shapes, and is more aesthetically pleasing and harmonious, meeting the aesthetic needs of most users.

[0101] According to the present application, the method of manufacturing the cookware further comprises disposing a protective layer outside the magnetic conductive layer, specifically, spraying metal wires to dispose a protective layer outside the magnetic conductive layer. As an example, the thickness of the protective layer can be 0.3-0.5 mm, the diameter of the metal wires can be 1.5-2.0 mm, and the spraying method can be arc spraying.

[0102] In some embodiments, the protective layer 60 comprises a metal oxide layer or an organic coating layer. For example, the metal oxide layer can be a ferric trioxide layer or a titanium oxide layer. The metal oxide layer has good heat resistance, corrosion resistance and hardness, and can effectively resist the erosion of the external environment to provide solid protection for the magnetic conductive layer 50. In addition, the metal oxide also has good magnetic shielding performance, which can further reduce the occurrence of magnetic leakage. In addition, the pores of the metal oxide layer according to the present application can be filled with grease, so that the corrosion medium can be prevented from penetrating into the cooker through the pores to cause rust. For example, the organic coating layer can be a fluorine coating layer or a ceramic coating layer. The organic coating layer has good adhesion and certain weather resistance, and can be closely attached to the surface of the magnetic conductive layer 50 to form a uniform protective film. Such a protective layer not only has an aesthetic appearance, but also can adjust its color, gloss and other appearance characteristics according to needs to meet the diversified aesthetic needs of users. In preferred embodiments, the protective layer 60 is a metal oxide layer, which can help to obtain a black appearance of the cooker, resist dirt and wear, and provide a certain anti-slip effect when the cooker is used.

[0103] In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer 60 is d7, where 15 microns ≤ d7 ≤ 30 microns. Within this thickness range, the protective layer 60 can provide sufficient physical and chemical protection to effectively resist the erosion of the external environment while maintaining good adhesion and strength.

[0104] In these embodiments, the protective layer can prevent the magnetic conductive layer from contacting the corrosion medium and ensure the service life of the magnetic conductive layer.

[0105] Nitriding treatment

[0106] According to the present application, after obtaining the above layers, the method for manufacturing the cooker further comprises a step of performing a nitriding treatment, so that the surface layer of the iron alloy spray coating layer comprises a nitriding treatment layer. Specifically, the iron alloy spray coating layer is placed in a nitriding furnace, nitrogen is introduced, and a nitriding reaction is performed at a set temperature. During the nitriding process, nitrogen atoms chemically react with the surface of the iron alloy spray coating layer to form iron nitride (Fe3N), thereby forming a nitriding treatment layer on the surface layer of the iron alloy spray coating layer. It should be noted that when the iron alloy spray coating layer is preferably a titanium-iron alloy spray coating layer, the nitriding treatment layer can include not only iron nitride (Fe3N), but also titanium nitride (TiN).

[0107] Specifically, before the nitriding treatment, the cookware with the iron alloy sprayed layer needs to be preheated. The purpose of preheating is to reduce the thermal stress of the cookware when it is suddenly put into the high-temperature nitriding furnace, so as to avoid deformation or damage of the cookware due to thermal expansion and contraction. Then, the preheated cookware with the iron alloy sprayed layer is put into the nitriding furnace, and the temperature of the nitriding furnace is set to 560-600°C, and the pressure is set to 0.05-0.1 MPa, and at the same time, nitrogen gas is introduced for 3-6 hours to chemically react with the iron element on the surface of the iron alloy sprayed layer to form hard compounds such as nitride iron (Fe3N).

[0108] In these embodiments, through the nitriding treatment, a dense nitriding treatment layer is formed on the surface of the iron alloy sprayed layer, which has extremely high hardness and can significantly improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating of the cookware. In addition, the nitriding treatment layer can effectively prevent the remaining iron alloy sprayed layer from directly contacting corrosive substances in the external environment, thereby slowing down or preventing the occurrence of corrosion reaction and improving the corrosion resistance of the cookware.

[0109] It should be noted that the application does not have special requirements for the content of each component of the nitriding treatment layer after the nitriding treatment. Those skilled in the art can perform nitriding treatment on the iron alloy sprayed layer for a certain period of time under a certain nitrogen atom concentration based on the teaching of the application to obtain the nitriding treatment layer according to the application.

[0110] Oxidation treatment

[0111] According to the application, after the nitriding treatment, the method for manufacturing the cookware further includes the step of performing an oxidation treatment to form an oxidation treatment layer 32 by oxidizing the iron atoms on the surface of the nitriding treatment layer, and the oxidation treatment layer 32 has a certain lipophilicity, which can further improve the non-stickiness of the cookware and also improve other properties of the cookware, such as appearance, corrosion resistance, etc.

[0112] As a specific example, the cookware substrate with the nitriding treatment layer is placed in an oxygen permeation furnace. The temperature of the oxygen permeation furnace is adjusted to 450-500°C. Distilled water is continuously introduced into the oxygen permeation furnace at a flow rate of 10-15 g / s for 1.5-3 hours. After the oxidation treatment layer is formed, the introduction of distilled water is stopped. The temperature of the furnace is reduced to 50°C at a cooling rate of 2-4°C / min. The oxidation treatment layer is gradually cooled to room temperature.

[0113] According to the application, the oxidation treatment layer is usually dark in color, which can provide good appearance protection for the cookware, and in addition, the oxidation treatment layer can significantly improve the non-stickiness, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the cookware.

[0114] It should be noted that the application does not have special requirements for the content of each component of the oxidation treatment layer after the oxidation treatment, and those skilled in the art can perform oxidation treatment on the nitridation treatment layer for a certain time under a certain oxygen atom concentration under the teaching of the application, so as to obtain the oxidation treatment layer according to the application.

[0115] Although the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. However, it should be understood that these modifications and changes will still fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A cooking appliance characterized by, The cookware comprises: a single-layer metal base (10); a ferrous alloy sprayed layer (20) arranged on an inner surface of the metal base (10); a nitriding treatment layer (31) located on a surface layer of the ferrous alloy sprayed layer (20).

2. The cooker according to claim 1, characterized in that The cookware further comprises: an oxidizing treatment layer (32), wherein the oxidizing treatment layer (32) is arranged on a surface layer of the nitriding treatment layer (31) and serves as an inner surface of the cookware.

3. The cooker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ferrous alloy sprayed layer (20) comprises a titanium-iron alloy sprayed layer; and / or, The ferrous alloy sprayed layer (20) is a plasma layer; and / or, Particle sizes of particles forming the ferrous alloy sprayed layer (20) are 300-500 mesh; and / or, A thickness of the ferrous alloy sprayed layer (20) is d2, wherein 30 microns ≤ d2 ≤ 80 microns.

4. The cooker according to claim 2, characterized in that, A forming depth of the nitriding treatment layer (31) is d3, wherein 8 microns ≤ d3 ≤ 20 microns; and / or, A forming depth of the oxidizing treatment layer (32) is d4, wherein 3 microns ≤ d4 ≤ 6 microns.

5. The cooker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cookware further comprises a heat-conducting layer (40) arranged on an outer surface of the metal base (10).

6. The cooker according to claim 5, characterized in that The heat-conducting layer (40) comprises a metal layer or a copper layer; and / or, a thickness of the heat-conducting layer (40) is d5, wherein 80 microns ≤ d5 ≤ 500 microns.

7. The cookware of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The cookware further comprises a magnetic-conducting layer (50) arranged on an outer surface of the metal base (10).

8. The cooker according to claim 7, characterized in that The magnetic-conducting layer (50) comprises an iron layer, a cobalt layer or a nickel layer; and / or, A thickness of the magnetic-conducting layer (50) is d6, wherein 300 microns ≤ d6 ≤ 500 microns; and / or, The magnetic-conducting layer (50) is arranged on a bottom wall of the metal base (10) and has a circular shape with a diameter not less than 10 cm.

9. The cooker according to claim 7, characterized in that The cookware further comprises a protective layer (60) covering an outer side of the magnetic-conducting layer (50).

10. The cooker according to claim 9, characterized in that The protective layer (60) comprises a metal oxide layer or an organic coating layer; and / or, A thickness of the protective layer (60) is d7, wherein 15 microns ≤ d7 ≤ 30 microns.

11. The cooker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal base (10) is a magnesium base, an aluminum base, a carbon steel base, a titanium base or a stainless steel base; and / or, A thickness of the metal base (10) is d1, wherein 1.2 mm ≤ d1 ≤ 2.0 mm.

12. The cooker according to claim 11, characterized in that The stainless steel base is a 304 stainless steel base or a 316 stainless steel base.

Images