Spray head

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spray head, relates to the technical field of spray heads, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, impurities exist in water, so that the spray head is possibly blocked in the use process, and the construction efficiency of a shield tunneling machine is influenced. The spray head comprises a spray head body internally provided with a graded filtering device, the graded filtering device comprises a plurality of filter screens arranged in the spray head body, the spray head body is connected with an impurity collecting device, the impurity collecting device comprises a collecting box, and the collecting box is provided with a plurality of conveying pipe sets for guiding impurities and a solution. Each conveying pipe group comprises a first conveying pipe for guiding impurities and a second conveying pipe for guiding a solution, and the first conveying pipe and the second conveying pipe are respectively arranged on two sides of the filter screen. According to the utility model, the graded filtering device and the like are adopted, so that the spray head body is not easy to block while the normal use of the spray head body is ensured, the frequency of replacing or dredging the filter screen is reduced, and the practicability and the convenience of using the device are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of spray head, concretely relates to a spray head. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the construction process of the shield machine, the spray head plays a crucial role. The spray head is mainly used for spraying water or water added with a modifier into the cutter disc cutting surface or the shield machine soil cabin. When the spray head sprays water into the cutter disc cutting surface or the shield machine soil cabin, it can modify the composition of the muck surface to be cut by the cutter or the muck stored in the shield machine soil cabin, reduce the viscosity and friction of the muck, and improve the flowability of the muck, thereby facilitating the transportation and treatment of the muck. At the same time, the water sprayed by the spray head into the cutter disc cutting surface and the shield machine soil cabin can prevent the dust in the construction environment and the shield machine soil cabin from dispersing in the space environment, and reduce the impact of the dust generated in the construction process on the environment and the health of the construction personnel. In addition, when the cutter on the cutter disc cutting surface cuts hard strata such as rocks, the water sprayed by the spray head can cool the cutter on the cutter disc cutting surface, thereby prolonging the service life of the cutter.

[0003] At present, the spray head structure for spraying water on the shield machine is relatively simple. For example, some spray heads only adopt a simple tubular structure, a plurality of water spraying holes are arranged at the pipe end, the spray head is connected to the water supply pipeline of the shield machine through a water pipe, and water is sprayed. Some spray heads adopt an angle-adjustable nozzle design, which can change the water spraying direction to a certain extent. For example, the shield machine cutter disc spray head disclosed in the publication No. CN210134938U comprises a sleeve, a fixed ring is fixedly connected inside the sleeve, a spray head pipe is clamped inside the sleeve, a circular hole is formed in the center of one side of the spray head pipe, a connecting pipe is inserted into the circular hole, a spraying hole is formed in one side of the connecting pipe, and a spring is wound around the lower part of the outer surface of the spray head pipe. By pressing the adjusting piece, the one end of the spray head pipe can be exposed under the action of the spring, the spraying holes on the outer surface of the spray head pipe are arranged in a ring array, the spraying coverage can be improved, and the spray head pipe can be retracted after use to prevent the formation of mud cakes at the end of the spray head pipe and the blockage of the spray head pipe.

[0004] The construction environment of the shield machine is harsh, and the water often contains impurities such as silt, gravel particles, and muck. The water spraying hole of the existing spray head is designed simply and has a small aperture, which is easily blocked by these impurities. Once the spray head is blocked, not only the muck modification effect will be affected, resulting in problems such as the formation of mud cakes on the cutter disc of the shield machine, water gushing, or the collapse of the working face, but also the construction efficiency will be reduced, and the frequency of maintenance and replacement of the spray head will be increased, thereby increasing the construction cost. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model discloses a spray head, which aims to solve the technical problem that the spray head may be blocked during use due to the existence of impurities in the water, thereby affecting the construction efficiency of the shield machine.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:

[0007] A spray head, comprising a spray head body, a hierarchical filtering device is arranged in the spray head body, the hierarchical filtering device comprises several filter screens arranged in the spray head body, the spray head body is connected with an impurity collecting device, the impurity collecting device comprises a collecting box, a plurality of conveying pipe groups for guiding impurities and solution are arranged on the collecting box respectively, each conveying pipe group comprises a first conveying pipe for guiding impurities and a second conveying pipe for guiding solution, and the first conveying pipe and the second conveying pipe are arranged on the two sides of the filter screen respectively.

[0008] After the technical scheme is adopted, a plurality of filter screens are arranged in the spray head body, and the impurity collecting device is further arranged on the spray head body, wherein the impurity collecting device comprises a first conveying pipe for guiding impurities into the collecting box and a second conveying pipe for guiding solution (water or water added with an improving agent) in the collecting box to flow out. The spray head body is connected with the water supply system of the shield tunneling machine through a water inlet pipe, water in the water supply system of the shield tunneling machine is conveyed to the spray head body through the water inlet pipe, and is sprayed out through the water spraying body to contact the cutter disc cutting surface or the shield tunneling machine soil tank, so that the properties of the spoil are improved, dust is reduced and the like.

[0009] When water contacts the cutter disc cutting surface or the shield tunneling machine soil tank through the spray head body, each layer of filter screen can filter impurities of corresponding diameters and sizes, and the impurities filtered at this layer can be guided into the collecting box through the first conveying pipe along with part of water flow, so that accumulation and blockage of the impurities at the filter screen at this layer are avoided. Therefore, the impurity collecting device can prevent impurities from accumulating in the spray head body and causing blockage of the spray head body, and the frequency of replacing or dredging the filter screen is reduced for the user.

[0010] In summary, the hierarchical filtering device and the impurity collecting device are arranged, so that the spray head body is not prone to blockage, the frequency of replacing or dredging the filter screen is reduced, and the practicality and convenience of the user in using the device are improved.

[0011] The hierarchical filtering device is a three-stage filtering screen, the filter screen is of a hard structure, and the three-stage filtering screen is sequentially arranged as a coarse filter screen, a middle filter screen and a fine filter screen from the spray head body to the end of the spray head body.

[0012] By adopting the technical scheme, the grading filtering device is arranged inside the nozzle body, coarse filter screen, medium filter screen and fine filter screen are arranged in sequence inside the nozzle body according to the diameters and sizes of impurities to screen and filter large-volume impurities, medium-volume impurities and small-volume impurities, and each volume of screened impurities enters the collecting box through the corresponding first conveying pipe to be temporarily stored, without being blocked inside the nozzle body, so that the smoothness of the nozzle body during water spraying is ensured.

[0013] Each filter screen is connected with a cleaning device, each cleaning device comprises a cleaning screen, the cleaning screen is of a hard structure, a plurality of through holes matched with water flow are arranged on the cleaning screen, the through holes and the screen holes of the filter screen are arranged alternately, a plurality of pins matched with the screen holes and the through holes are arranged at the end of the cleaning screen and the filter screen close to each other, an extension device is arranged between the cleaning screen and the filter screen, and the filter screen is slidably connected with the nozzle body.

[0014] By adopting the technical scheme, the cleaning device is arranged on each filter screen, and the cleaning device on each filter screen can clean the filter screen independently, so that the filter screen can be cleaned by the cleaning device when the filter screen is blocked, without manual cleaning, which is convenient to use.

[0015] The cleaning device comprises a cleaning screen and pins, and the extension device is arranged between the cleaning screen and the filter screen, when the filter screen is blocked, a certain water pressure is formed between the filter screen and the water inlet, the filter screen is pushed to move in the nozzle body towards the cleaning screen, the pins on the cleaning screen and the filter screen are in contact with the screen holes of the filter screen and the through holes of the cleaning screen respectively when the filter screen moves towards the cleaning screen, the pins on the cleaning screen and the filter screen pass through the screen holes of the filter screen and the through holes of the cleaning screen respectively as the filter screen moves towards the cleaning screen, the impurities blocking the screen holes and the through holes are poked out, and the filter screen and the cleaning screen are cleaned at the same time, the pins of the two sides can also crush part of the impurities between the filter screen and the cleaning screen and in the screen holes and the through holes when the pins are in contact, the crushed impurities can directly pass through the screen holes and the through holes and enter the next-stage filter screen, and the impurities can be directly sprayed from the nozzle with water flow, without causing the nozzle to be blocked. The cleaning effect of the filter screen is improved, and the filter screen and the cleaning screen can continue to work. When the filter screen and the cleaning screen are cleaned, the filter screen is depressurized and returns to the original position under the action of the extension device to continue to work. The filter screen is cleaned without manual operation, which is convenient to use, improves the convenience of the device in use, and saves energy by using water flow to provide power for the movement of the filter screen.

[0016] The through holes on the cleaning net and the screen holes of the filter screen are staggered, so that the water flow can pass through the cleaning net normally, enter the next stage filter screen and the next stage cleaning device, and be sprayed from the end of the spray head body to clean, cool and dust the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine or the earth chamber of the shield tunneling machine.

[0017] The telescopic device comprises a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod comprises a female rod and a male rod, the male rod is sleeved in the female rod, a telescopic spring is arranged in the male rod and the female rod, one end of the telescopic spring is connected with the male rod, and the other end of the telescopic spring is connected with the female rod, and a disc cooperating with the telescopic rod is arranged on the cleaning net and the filter screen.

[0018] According to the technical scheme, the two ends of the telescopic spring are connected with the male rod and the female rod respectively, so that the telescopic rod can automatically stretch and retract due to the elastic force of the telescopic spring when the telescopic rod is subjected to external force, and the disc cooperating with the telescopic rod is arranged on the cleaning net and the filter screen, so that the contact area of the two ends of the telescopic rod with the water flow is increased, the telescopic rod can stably receive water pressure under the action of the water flow, the telescopic rod can stably stretch and retract under the action of the water pressure, and the stability of the telescopic rod during use is improved.

[0019] The second conveying pipe of each conveying pipe group is in communication with the spray head body.

[0020] According to the technical scheme, the solution in the collecting box enters the second conveying pipe from the collecting box in the form of overflow, and finally enters the spray head body through the second conveying pipe, so that the part of the solution is re-input into the spray head body to participate in water spraying. Therefore, the second conveying pipe is arranged to save water resources.

[0021] The first conveying pipe of each conveying pipe group is in communication with the spray head body, the first conveying pipe is arranged on the side of the spray head body close to the ground, and the side of the first conveying pipe connected with the spray head body is in an arc structure.

[0022] According to the technical scheme, the side of the first conveying pipe connected with the spray head body is in an arc structure, the arc structure has the function of guiding impurities, so that the impurities can enter the collecting box more quickly and smoothly and be stored, and the efficiency of collecting impurities by the collecting box is improved.

[0023] Each filter screen is detachably connected with the spray head body, the filter screen comprises a filter ring sleeved on the side edge of the filter screen, and the filter ring is detachably connected with the spray head body.

[0024] According to the technical scheme, the filter screen is arranged to be detachably connected with the spray head body, so that the filter screen or the spray head body can be replaced when the filter screen or the spray head body is damaged, and the cost is reduced.

[0025] The end of the nozzle body away from the grading filter device is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle is detachably connected with the nozzle body.

[0026] After the technical scheme is adopted, the nozzle is arranged at the end of the nozzle body, so that the water flow can be concentrated at the nozzle when the water flow flows to the end of the nozzle body and enters the nozzle, thereby the water flow with more power is sprayed, and the cleaning ability of the cutting surface of the cutter head is improved when the cutting surface of the cutter head is cleaned.

[0027] The nozzle is detachably provided with a flow guide column.

[0028] After the technical scheme is adopted, the flow guide column can be arranged in various shapes, such as a fan shape, a cylindrical shape and the like. Therefore, the detachable connection of the flow guide column and the nozzle increases the practicability of the device.

[0029] The nozzle is a rotary nozzle.

[0030] After the technical scheme is adopted, the arrangement of the rotary nozzle can adaptively adjust the position of the nozzle relative to the cutting surface of the cutter head and the soil chamber of the shield machine according to the needs of the workers, so that better cleaning, cooling or dust removal effects can be achieved.

[0031] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0032] (1) The grading filter device and the impurity collecting device are adopted, so that the nozzle body is not easy to be blocked, the frequency of replacing or dredging the filter screen is reduced, and the practicability and convenience of the user in using the device are improved.

[0033] (2) The coarse filter screen, the middle filter screen and the fine filter screen are arranged, so that the impurity collecting device can be matched to collect impurities with different diameters and sizes, which is beneficial to scientific treatment of impurities with different diameters and sizes, and improves the environmental protection degree of impurity treatment.

[0034] (3) Set cleaning device, rely on the impact of water flow power, without setting additional energy to achieve the purpose of cleaning filter screen, which saves energy. At the same time, without manual cleaning filter screen, which improves the convenience of the device in use.

[0035] (4) Filter screen and spray head body can be detachably connected, which can replace the filter screen or spray head body when damaged, reducing cost.

[0036] (5) The setting of the nozzle and the drainage column can adjust the position of the nozzle and the structure of the drainage column according to the adaptability of the cutting soil layer, so that the shape of the water flow sprayed by the nozzle is matched with the structure of the soil layer to be cut, achieving better cutting or dust reduction or cleaning or cooling effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] The utility model will be explained through example and referring to the mode of the drawings, wherein:

[0038] Figure 1 It is a front view structure schematic diagram of a spray head of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 It is an enlarged structure schematic diagram of A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a position structure schematic diagram of the first conveying pipe and the second conveying pipe;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a position structure schematic diagram of the disc;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a position structure schematic diagram of the drainage column in the nozzle;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a shape structure schematic diagram of the drainage column.

[0044] REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0045] 1-collecting box, 2-first conveying pipe, 3-second conveying pipe, 301-communication hole, 4-spray head body, 5-filter screen, 501-filter ring, 502-telescopic rod, 503-disc, 504-cleaning net, 505-thorn, 6-drainage pipe, 7-flow control valve, 8-nozzle, 801-motor, 802-gear, 803-rack, 9-drainage column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and indicated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application for which protection is claimed, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] The following combination Figures 1-6 The utility model is described in detail.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A nozzle, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, it includes a nozzle body 4, in which a graded filtering device is provided, and the graded filtering device includes several filter screens 5 provided in the nozzle body 4, and the nozzle body 4 is connected to an impurity collecting device, and the impurity collecting device includes a collecting box 1, and the collecting box 1 is respectively provided with several conveying pipe groups for guiding impurities and solutions, each of the conveying pipe groups includes a first conveying pipe 2 for guiding impurities and a second conveying pipe 3 for guiding the solution, and the first conveying pipe 2 and the second conveying pipe 3 are respectively provided on both sides of the filter screen 5.

[0051] In this embodiment, the nozzle body 4 can be inserted into the soil compartment of the shield machine for use.

[0052] In this embodiment, the solution is water or water with a modifier added.

[0053] In this embodiment, the impurities refer to impurities such as gravel, mud, and sand generated when the shield machine cuts the coating.

[0054] In the embodiment, the water supply system of the shield machine is provided with a filter part for filtering the impurities such as gravel, mud blocks and silt, and the solution has been preliminarily filtered when entering the nozzle body 4 through the filter part, and the impurities that can enter the nozzle body 4 are mainly gravel, mud blocks and silt with a diameter of 2-30 mm.

[0055] In the embodiment, the inner diameter of the nozzle body 4 is 50 mm, and the length is 50 cm.

[0056] In the embodiment, the nozzle body 4 is connected with a water inlet pipe through a screw thread, and the water inlet pipe is connected with the water supply system of the shield machine.

[0057] In the embodiment, the diameter of the water inlet pipe is 50 mm.

[0058] In the embodiment, the filter screen 5 is made of stainless steel, and the filter screen 5 made of stainless steel is corrosion-resistant, impact-resistant and not easy to rust, and has a long service life.

[0059] In the embodiment, the collecting box 1 is also made of stainless steel, and the size of the collecting box 1 is 50*50*50 cm. Two partitions are arranged in the collecting box 1 to divide the collecting box 1 into three containing cavities for collecting impurities with three different diameters and sizes, and the impurities with different diameters and sizes can be taken out from the containing cavities in sequence and used according to the characteristics of the impurities, for example, the gravel impurities screened out can be used to fill the roadbed.

[0060] In the embodiment, the first conveying pipe 2 is made of stainless steel, and the first conveying pipe 2 is arranged directly below the nozzle body 4, the first conveying pipe 2 is arranged on the front surface of the filter screen 5, and the second conveying pipe 3 is arranged on the back surface of the filter screen 5, wherein the front surface refers to the water inlet side of the filter screen 5, and the back surface refers to the water outlet side of the filter screen 5, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0061] In the embodiment, the second conveying pipe 3 is made of PVC, which has stable properties and low cost, and can reduce the cost of replacement when damaged.

[0062] In the embodiment, a one-way valve cooperating with the second conveying pipe 3 is arranged in the collecting box 1, so that the solution (such as water or water added with an improving agent) can only be output from the second conveying pipe 3, but cannot be input.

[0063] In the embodiment, the diameter and thickness of the filter screen 5 are 45 mm and 2 mm, respectively.

[0064] In the embodiment, the hierarchical filtering device is a three-stage filtering screen 5, the screen 5 is a hard structure, and the three-stage filtering screen 5 is sequentially arranged as a coarse screen, a medium screen and a fine screen from the nozzle body 4 to the end of the nozzle body 4.

[0065] In the embodiment, the screen numbers of the coarse screen, the medium screen and the fine screen are respectively 20*20 mm, 10*10 mm and 2*2 mm. The coarse screen, the medium screen and the fine screen can filter impurities with diameters greater than 20 mm, 10 mm and 2 mm respectively. In other embodiments, the fine screen can be replaced by a filter screen 5 with adsorption properties, such as an activated carbon fiber filter screen 5, according to the structure of the excavated soil layer, which can adsorb small impurities and part of harmful substances in water. The activated carbon fiber filter screen 5 does not need to be provided with a cleaning device.

[0066] In the embodiment, the interval length between the coarse screen, the medium screen and the fine screen is 20 cm, which prolongs the filtering time of the solution and makes the solution sprayed from the end of the nozzle body 4 purer.

[0067] In the embodiment, the collecting box 1 is provided with a fine screen at the connection with the second conveying pipe 3, which can prevent impurities from entering the collecting box 1 and re-entering the nozzle body 4 through the second conveying pipe 3.

[0068] In the embodiment, each filter screen 5 is connected with a cleaning device, each cleaning device includes a cleaning screen 504, the cleaning screen 504 is a hard structure, the cleaning screen 504 is provided with through holes matched with water flow, the through holes and the screen holes of the filter screen 5 are staggered, each end of the cleaning screen 504 and the filter screen 5 close to each other is respectively provided with a plurality of thorn needles 505 matched with the screen holes and the through holes, a telescopic device is arranged between the cleaning screen 504 and the filter screen 5, and the filter screen 5 is slidingly connected with the nozzle body 4.

[0069] In the embodiment, the cleaning screen 504 is also made of stainless steel.

[0070] In the embodiment, the diameter and the thickness of the cleaning screen 504 are respectively 45 mm and 1 mm.

[0071] In the embodiment, the mesh number of each cleaning screen 504 is the same as the mesh number of the filter screen 5 of the layer.

[0072] In the embodiment, the thorn needles 505 are integrally formed with the cleaning screen 504 and the filter screen 5 by welding, and each cleaning screen 504 and filter screen 5 is provided with 15 thorn needles 505.

[0073] In the embodiment, the cross section of the thorn needle 505 is a conical structure, such as Figure 2The three filter screens 5 and the spikes 505 on the cleaning device are of the same size in this embodiment. In other embodiments, the size of the spikes 505 can be changed according to the mesh number of each filter screen 5, for example, the diameter of the spikes 505 can be changed, and the number of the spikes 505 can also be changed.

[0074] In this embodiment, the spikes 505 are made of stainless steel, which has high rigidity and corrosion resistance. For example, the spikes 505 are made of 316 stainless steel, which contains elements such as nickel, chromium, and molybdenum, has high rigidity, good corrosion resistance, is suitable for environments such as shield tunneling, and is not easy to deform.

[0075] In this embodiment, the spikes 505 on the cleaning screen 504 and the filter screen 5 are oppositely arranged, as shown in Figure 2 Because the spikes 505 on the cleaning screen 504 and the filter screen 5 are oppositely arranged, the space between the cleaning screen 504 and the filter screen 5 is filled with the spikes 505. The water flow can enter the next level of filter screen 5 through the gaps between the spikes 505, and some impurities are blocked from entering the space between the cleaning screen 504 and the spikes 505. Even if part of the impurities enter the space between the cleaning screen 504 and the spikes 505, they can be crushed by the two-way spikes 505 during the process of contacting each other, and then enter the next level of filter screen 5 with the water flow.

[0076] In this embodiment, the telescopic device includes a telescopic rod 502, the telescopic rod 502 includes a male rod and a female rod, the male rod is sleeved in the female rod, and a telescopic spring is arranged in the male rod and the female rod. One end of the telescopic spring is connected with the male rod, and the other end of the telescopic spring is connected with the female rod. The cleaning screen 504 and the filter screen 5 are provided with a disc 503 matched with the telescopic rod 502.

[0077] In this embodiment, the telescopic rod 502 is also made of stainless steel. In other embodiments, the telescopic rod 502 can also be made of PVC or other materials to reduce costs.

[0078] In this embodiment, the male rod is sleeved in the female rod, a through hole for accommodating the male rod is arranged in the female rod, a baffle for shielding the through hole is arranged on the female rod, and a limiting ring plate matched with the baffle is arranged at one end of the male rod in the female rod.

[0079] In this embodiment, a sealing ring matched with the male rod is sleeved in the baffle.

[0080] In this embodiment, the sealing ring and the baffle are adhered by sealing glue.

[0081] In this embodiment, the telescopic rod 502 composed of the male rod and the female rod is of a closed structure, the telescopic spring is also made of stainless steel, and the two ends of the telescopic spring are respectively welded with the end faces of the male rod and the female rod.

[0082] In the embodiment, the female rod and the male rod are connected with the filter screen 5 and the cleaning screen 504 by welding respectively.

[0083] In the embodiment, the disc 503 is arranged on the male rod and the female rod respectively, and is integrally formed with the male rod and the female rod by welding.

[0084] In the embodiment, the second conveying pipe 3 of each conveying pipe group is communicated with the nozzle body 4.

[0085] In the embodiment, the outlet of the second conveying pipe 3 of each group is arranged on the back side of the filter screen 5 of the group (i.e. the side of the water outlet), and the solution obtained by overflow filtration through the collection tank 1 directly participates in the filtration of the next layer, so as to accelerate the conveying speed of the solution.

[0086] In the embodiment, the nozzle body 4 is provided with a communication hole 301 matched with the second conveying pipe 3, and the communication hole 301 is arranged at the position of the side wall of the nozzle body 4 as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0087] In the embodiment, the first conveying pipe 2 of each conveying pipe group is communicated with the nozzle body 4, the first conveying pipe 2 is arranged on the side of the nozzle body close to the ground, and the side of the first conveying pipe 2 connected with the nozzle body 4 is in an arc structure.

[0088] In the embodiment, the arc structure is a circular truncated cone structure.

[0089] In the embodiment, each filter screen 5 is detachably connected with the nozzle body 4, and the filter screen 5 comprises a filter ring 501 sleeved on the side edge of the filter screen 5, and the filter ring 501 is detachably connected with the nozzle body 4.

[0090] In the embodiment, the filter screen 5 is threadedly connected with the nozzle body 4, each filter screen 5 is provided with a filter ring 501 on the outside, the filter ring 501 is provided with a first external thread on the outside, and the inside of the nozzle body 4 is provided with a first internal thread matched with the first external thread.

[0091] In the embodiment, the wall thickness of the filter ring 501 is 5mm.

[0092] In the embodiment, the filter screen 5 slides in the filter ring 501.

[0093] In the embodiment, the filter ring 501 is provided with a sliding groove, the filter screen 5 is provided with a sliding block matched with the sliding groove, the sliding block is integrally formed with the filter screen 5, and the sliding groove is provided with a limiting plate limiting the filter screen 5, so as to prevent the filter screen 5 from sliding out of the filter ring 501.

[0094] In the embodiment, the nozzle 8 is detachably connected with the spray head body 4.

[0095] In the embodiment, the nozzle 8 is threadedly connected with the spray head body 4.

[0096] In the embodiment, the bottom of the nozzle 8 is provided with a connecting ring, the outer part of the connecting ring is provided with a second external thread, and the inner part of the spray head body 4 is provided with a second internal thread matched with the second external thread.

[0097] In the embodiment, the nozzle 8 is detachably provided with a drainage column 9.

[0098] In the embodiment, the connection mode of the drainage column 9 with the nozzle 8 is the same as the connection mode of the filter screen 5 with the spray head body 4, and thus is not described herein.

[0099] In the embodiment, the drainage column 9 is provided in a fan shape, a cylindrical shape, a conical shape, etc., and can be replaced according to the cut soil layer.

[0100] The specific use method of the utility model is as follows:

[0101] Referring to Figures 1-6 , when the device is used, the drainage column 9 to be used is determined according to the cut soil layer and the like, the drainage column 9 is connected with the nozzle 8, each filter screen 5 is connected with the spray head body 4, and then the nozzle 8 is connected with the spray head body 4. The water supply system of the shield machine is started, the solution is transported to the spray head body 4 through the water inlet pipe, and the solution sequentially passes through the coarse filter screen, the middle filter screen and the fine filter screen at the spray head body 4. The impurities in the solution are intercepted by the filter screens 5. The impurities with a diameter greater than 20 mm are intercepted by the coarse filter screen, the impurities with a diameter between 10 mm and 20 mm are intercepted by the middle filter screen, and the impurities with a diameter between 2 mm and 10 mm such as sand are intercepted by the fine filter screen. After passing through the grading filter device, the water flow is sprayed out through the drainage column 9 and the nozzle 8 to form water columns with different shapes. For example, when the fan-shaped drainage column 9 is used, a fan-shaped water column is formed, and when the cylindrical drainage column 9 is used, a cylindrical water column is formed.

[0102] The impurities of various diameters that are intercepted are guided to the collecting box 1 through the first conveying pipe 2 and the arc-shaped structure at the spray head body 4 together with part of the solution, and are collected in the collecting box 1. In the process of gradual collection, the collecting box 1 is gradually filled with the particulate impurities and the solution. When the particulate impurities and the solution in the collecting box 1 reach a certain volume, the solution in the collecting box 1 is gradually output to the second conveying pipe 3 under the action of overflow, and the solution output from the second conveying pipe 3 reenters the spray head body 4 to participate in the spraying of the shield machine cutter disc cutting surface or the shield machine soil chamber.

[0103] When the filter screen 5 is blocked, water flow is accumulated at the filter screen 5 to form water pressure, which pushes the filter screen 5 to move towards the cleaning screen 504, and the pins 505 on the filter screen 5 and the cleaning screen 504 pierce into the through holes on the cleaning screen 504 and the screen holes on the filter screen 5, so as to clean the filter screen 5 and the cleaning screen 504 synchronously. At the same time, the pins 505 on the two sides can break part of the impurities between the filter screen 5 and the cleaning screen 504 and in the screen holes and the through holes when they contact, and the broken impurities can flow through the screen holes and the through holes with the water flow, enter the next filter screen 5, and be directly sprayed out of the nozzle body 4 with the water flow, so as to prevent the nozzle body 4 from being blocked. After the filter screen 5 and the cleaning screen 504 are dredged, the water flow flows out of the filter screen 5 and the cleaning screen 504, the water pressure at the filter screen 5 is released, and the filter screen 5 returns to the original position under the action of the telescopic rod 502.

[0104] The device adopts the impurity collecting device and the like, so that when the nozzle body 4 sprays water, the impurities on each layer can be guided into the collecting box 1 during filtration, so as to prevent the filter screen 5 from being blocked and the nozzle from being blocked due to the accumulation of impurities in the nozzle body 4, and improve the practicability of the device. Embodiment

[0105] The embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that in the embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , the nozzle 8 is a rotary nozzle.

[0106] In the embodiment, the rotary nozzle is a prior art, which comprises a base connected with the nozzle body 4, a first rotating joint, a second rotating joint and a third rotating joint, the base, the first rotating joint and the second rotating joint are respectively provided with motors 801 for controlling the first rotating joint, the second rotating joint and the third rotating joint, each motor 801 is connected with a rotating gear 802, the first rotating joint, the second rotating joint and the third rotating joint are respectively provided with annular racks 803 matched with the rotating gears 802, and the first rotating joint, the second rotating joint and the third rotating joint are all inclined table structures, and each annular rack 803 is arranged along the inclined surface of the inclined table structure, as shown in Figure 1 .

[0107] In the embodiment, the motors 801, the rotating gears 802 and the annular racks 803 are externally provided with protective shells, which can protect the motors 801, the rotating gears 802 and the annular racks 803. The protective shells can prevent mud and sand from entering the rotating gears 802 and the annular racks 803, so as to affect the normal work of the motors 801, the rotating gears 802 and the annular racks 803.

[0108] In the embodiment, each of the motors 801 is connected with a controller through wireless connection, and the number of rotations of each motor 801 can be controlled through the controller, so as to control the rotation angle of the first steering knuckle, the second steering knuckle and the third steering knuckle, and further adjust the angle of the nozzle 8 port relative to the shield machine cutter head. In the embodiment, a visual system such as a video monitoring system can also be arranged inside the shield machine soil chamber to observe the rotation angle and rotation direction of the nozzle 8.

[0109] Embodiment 3

[0110] The embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 2, and the difference is that a pressure sensor is arranged at each filter screen 5, each pressure sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and the pressure on both sides of the filter screen 5 is measured at any time to determine whether the filter screen 5 is blocked.

[0111] In the embodiment, the telescopic rod 502 is an electric telescopic rod, and the electric telescopic rod is also electrically connected with the controller. When it is measured that the filter screen 5 is blocked, the electric telescopic rod can be started to control the filter screen 5 to move towards the cleaning screen 504 to clean the filter screen 5 and the cleaning screen 504. When the filter screen 5 is unblocked, the electric telescopic rod pushes the filter screen 5 back to the original position.

[0112] In the embodiment, a flow control valve 7 is also arranged at the right end of the fine filter screen close to the nozzle 8, and the flow control valve 7 is also electrically connected with the controller to control the flow of water according to the cutting process and working conditions.

[0113] Embodiment 4

[0114] The embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 3, and the difference is that in the embodiment, a drainage port is arranged at the back of the fine filter screen, i.e. the water outlet of the fine filter screen, the drainage port is connected with a drainage pipe 6, water flow is introduced into the drainage pipe 6, and the flow control valve 7 is closed at the same time. At this time, a reverse water flow can be formed inside the nozzle body 4, so that the reverse water flow flows from the water outlet of the filter screen 5 to the water inlet of the filter screen 5. In this process, the water flow gradually fills the space of the filter screen 5 and the cleaning screen 504, and water pressure is formed between the blocked part of the filter screen 5 and the cleaning screen 504. The impurities in the filter screen 5 are flushed away by the water pressure, and the cleaning of the filter screen 5 and the cleaning screen 504 is completed.

[0115] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A showerhead, characterized by: The spray head body (4) is provided with a hierarchical filtering device, the hierarchical filtering device comprises a plurality of filter screens (5) arranged in the spray head body (4), the spray head body (4) is connected with an impurity collecting device, the impurity collecting device comprises a collecting box (1), a plurality of conveying pipe groups for guiding impurities and solution are arranged on the collecting box (1) respectively, each conveying pipe group comprises a first conveying pipe (2) for guiding impurities and a second conveying pipe (3) for guiding solution, and the first conveying pipe (2) and the second conveying pipe (3) are arranged on both sides of the filter screen (5) respectively.

2. A showerhead as defined in claim 1, wherein: The hierarchical filtering device is a three-stage filtering filter screen (5), the filter screen (5) is a hard structure, and the three-stage filtering filter screen (5) is sequentially arranged as a coarse filter screen, a medium filter screen and a fine filter screen from the spray head body (4) to the end of the spray head body (4).

3. A showerhead as defined in claim 1, wherein: Each filter screen (5) is connected with a cleaning device, each cleaning device comprises a cleaning screen (504), the cleaning screen (504) is a hard structure, a through hole matched with water flow is arranged on the cleaning screen (504), the through hole and the screen hole of the filter screen (5) are arranged alternately, a plurality of thorn needles (505) matched with the screen hole and the through hole are arranged on the end of the cleaning screen (504) and the filter screen (5) close to each other, a telescopic device is arranged between the cleaning screen (504) and the filter screen (5), and the filter screen (5) is slidably connected with the spray head body (4).

4. A showerhead as defined in claim 3, wherein: The telescopic device comprises a telescopic rod (502), the telescopic rod (502) comprises a male rod and a female rod, the male rod is sleeved in the female rod, a telescopic spring is arranged in the male rod and the female rod, one end of the telescopic spring is connected with the male rod, the other end of the telescopic spring is connected with the female rod, and a disc (503) matched with the telescopic rod (502) is arranged on the cleaning screen (504) and the filter screen (5).

5. A showerhead as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The second conveying pipe (3) of each conveying pipe group is communicated with the spray head body (4).

6. A showerhead as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The first conveying pipe (2) of each conveying pipe group is communicated with the spray head body (4), the first conveying pipe (2) is arranged on the side of the spray head body (4) close to the ground, and the side, where the first conveying pipe (2) is connected with the spray head body (4), is in an arc structure.

7. A showerhead as defined in any of claims 1-4, wherein: Each filter screen (5) is detachably connected with the spray head body (4), and the filter screen (5) comprises a filter ring (501) sleeved on the side edge of the filter screen (5), and the filter ring (501) is detachably connected with the spray head body (4).

8. A showerhead as defined in any of claims 1-4, wherein: A nozzle (8) is arranged at the end, away from the hierarchical filtering device, of the spray head body (4), and the nozzle (8) is detachably connected with the spray head body (4).

9. A showerhead as defined in claim 8, wherein: A drainage column (9) is detachably arranged in the nozzle (8).

10. A showerhead as defined in claim 8, wherein: The nozzle (8) is a rotary nozzle.

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