Integrated nitrification and denitrification microbial purifier for aquaculture water

Abstract

The utility model relates to an integrated nitrification and denitrification microbial purifier for aquaculture water, which is characterized in that an oxygen supply device, an internal circulation infusion device and a sediment drainage device are controlled by a control device according to time, the working time period of a biological filler bin is divided into a nitrification time period and a denitrification time period, and a nitrification reaction and a denitrification reaction are switched; in the nitrification period, the biological filler bin is in an aerobic environment, the activity of anaerobic microorganisms is inhibited, and the aerobic microorganisms can perform normal nitrification reaction; in the denitrification period, the oxygen supply device is closed, the sediment drainage device draws sediment mixed liquid on the bottom layer of the biological filler bin to the middle of the biological filler bin and releases the sediment mixed liquid, the biological filler bin is in an anaerobic environment, the activity of aerobic microorganisms is inhibited, the anaerobic microorganisms can be subjected to cultivation and denitrification degradation reaction in an anoxic state, and the anaerobic microorganisms can be subjected to denitrification degradation reaction. And the sediment mixed liquid can be used for necessary carbon source supplementation for the denitrification reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aquaculture technology, and in particular to an integrated microbial purifier for nitrification and denitrification aquaculture water. Background Technology

[0002] In artificial aquaculture, factors such as feed input, aquatic animal excrement, drug residues, and pathogen transmission cause cross-contamination of aquaculture water, especially wastewater. This affects the survival and growth of aquatic animals, shortens the water use cycle, and can even lead to water shortages. Currently, the purification of aquaculture water remains a complex and difficult problem to solve effectively. Current treatment methods mainly rely on traditional technologies such as tiered physical filtration, drug treatment, and plant adsorption, which are insufficient to meet the water quality requirements and discharge standards for aquaculture water. Furthermore, these methods cannot avoid problems such as complex equipment structures, large land occupation (generally requiring 4-5 treatment ponds), and difficult construction. Based on these considerations, adopting a water purification device that uses microbial treatment methods, requires less land, allows for convenient application and simple operation, and effectively treats aquaculture water, while continuously upgrading and enhancing the treatment capabilities of water purifiers, is essential for promoting technological innovation in aquaculture water treatment.

[0003] As a water purifier for aquaculture, its innovative design features include: requiring the equipment to be as refined and simple as possible while possessing sufficient purification capabilities to significantly reduce the high costs associated with traditional treatment processes, such as capital and labor expenditures; and requiring a high degree of organic integration of traditional segmented and complex treatment processes, successfully completing the entire nitrification and denitrification process within the same reactor chamber to achieve organic degradation and purification of water quality. However, the presence of organic matter in the nitrification and denitrification processes is contradictory, as are the requirements for the carbon source supply in the reaction process, and the requirements for oxygen-rich and oxygen-deficient environments.

[0004] Because the cultivation, acclimatization, and nitrification reactions of microorganisms in the reactor all occur in an environment with relatively abundant oxygen but lacking carbon sources, the growth activity of anaerobic bacteria is inhibited, and the denitrification reaction is severely hindered. The entire nitrification-denitrification organic degradation process is thus disrupted to some extent. Under normal circumstances, denitrifying bacteria can only carry out denitrification after consuming the oxygen carried by the internal reflux. Therefore, this oxygen also requires the consumption of carbon sources. Thus, the insufficiency of denitrifying bacteria and carbon sources becomes a limiting factor for the complete nitrification-denitrification reaction. Increasing the biomass of anaerobic bacteria and the necessary carbon sources becomes the key element in overcoming this technical shortcoming.

[0005] Therefore, the denitrification section is usually made into a separate treatment device, placed on one side of the aquaculture water purifier and connected to it to treat the aquaculture water for denitrification. This takes up space and is cumbersome to operate. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The problem this invention aims to solve is to provide an integrated microbial purifier for nitrification and denitrification aquaculture water. This integrated microbial purifier can switch between nitrification and denitrification reactions within the purifier, improving equipment utilization and reducing space requirements. The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0007] An integrated microbial purifier for nitrification and denitrification aquaculture water includes a biological packing chamber, an inlet device, a drainage device, an oxygen supply device, an aeration device, an internal circulation infusion device, and a control device. The outlet of the inlet device is connected to the inner cavity of the biological packing chamber. The aeration device is located at the bottom of the biological packing chamber, and its inlet is connected to the outlet of the oxygen supply device. The biological packing chamber is filled with microbial packing material, which is arranged above the aeration device. The inlet device, drainage device, oxygen supply device, and internal circulation infusion device are all electrically connected to the control device. The integrated microbial purifier for nitrification and denitrification aquaculture water further includes a sediment diversion device, which is electrically connected to the control device. The inlet of the sediment diversion device is located at the bottom of the biological packing chamber and below the aeration device, while the outlet is located in the middle of the biological packing chamber. The microbial packing material includes aerobic microbial packing material and anaerobic microbial packing material.

[0008] The aforementioned water intake device typically includes an inlet pipe and an inlet pump. The inlet pump pumps the aquaculture water from the aquaculture pond into the biological packing chamber through the inlet pipe, where the abundant dominant microorganisms cultivated in the biological packing purify the aquaculture water.

[0009] The aforementioned drainage device is used to drain the treated water from the biological packing chamber.

[0010] The aforementioned oxygen supply device typically includes an oxygen pump and an oxygen delivery pipe. The outlet of the oxygen delivery pipe extends into the biological packing chamber and is connected to the inlet of the gas distribution device. The gas distribution device is generally a gas distribution plate, through which oxygen is delivered to the biological packing chamber.

[0011] The aforementioned internal circulation infusion device is used to extract the aquaculture water from the biological packing chamber, pressurize it, and return it to the biological packing chamber before spraying it out. This causes the aquaculture water to form a swirling water flow in the biological packing chamber, which drives the microbial packing to rotate, thereby enhancing the activity of microorganisms and increasing the nitrification rate of the aquaculture water.

[0012] The aforementioned control devices are used to control the water inlet device, drainage device, oxygen supply device, gas distribution device, internal circulation liquid delivery device, and sediment diversion device. They generally employ PLC controllers, microcontrollers, or microprocessors.

[0013] The aforementioned sediment diversion device is used to extract the sediment mixture from the bottom layer of the aquaculture water microbial purifier and then return it to the biological packing chamber for spraying. Currently, the test results show that due to the high pollution concentration of the sediment mixture at the bottom layer, its oxidation-reduction potential reaches -85mv. As a manifestation of electron transfer and metabolic changes in the form of matter during microbial metabolism under anaerobic conditions, oxidation-reduction potential is an important parameter of the anaerobic reaction process. It can assess the anaerobic environment and measure the activity of anaerobic bacteria, creating an anaerobic environment for denitrification.

[0014] The control device performs segmented time control on the oxygen supply device, internal circulation infusion device, and sediment diversion device, dividing the working period of the biological packing chamber into nitrification and denitrification periods: During the nitrification period, the sediment diversion device is turned off, and the oxygen supply device provides normal oxygen to the biological packing chamber, keeping it in an aerobic environment and inhibiting the activity of anaerobic microorganisms. The internal circulation infusion device accelerates the water flow vortex in the biological packing chamber, allowing aerobic microorganisms to carry out normal nitrification reactions, converting ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. During the denitrification period, the oxygen supply device is turned off, and the sediment diversion device draws the sediment mixture from the bottom of the biological packing chamber to the middle of the biological packing chamber and releases it. At this time, the oxygen content in the biological packing chamber decreases, and the biological packing chamber is in an anaerobic environment, inhibiting the activity of aerobic microorganisms. Anaerobic microorganisms can carry out cultivation and denitrification degradation reactions under hypoxic conditions, and the sediment mixture can provide necessary carbon source supplementation for the denitrification reaction.

[0015] Of course, the nitrification and denitrification periods can also be switched manually.

[0016] By dividing the working period of the biological packing chamber into nitrification and denitrification periods, and switching between nitrification and denitrification reactions in the integrated nitrification and denitrification aquaculture water microbial purifier, the sediment mixture at the bottom of the biological packing chamber can be effectively utilized, which can not only improve the utilization rate of the equipment, but also reduce the space occupied by the equipment.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the internal circulation infusion device includes an internal circulation pump, an internal circulation inlet pipe, an internal circulation infusion pipe, and a balanced distributor. The internal circulation pump is located at the top of the biological packing chamber. The inlet of the internal circulation inlet pipe is located below the microbial packing material. The outlet of the internal circulation inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the internal circulation pump. The inlet of the internal circulation infusion pipe is connected to the outlet of the internal circulation pump. The balanced distributor is located between the microbial packing material and the gas distribution device. The inlet of the balanced distributor is connected to the outlet of the internal circulation infusion pipe. The sludge diversion device includes a sludge diversion pipe, a sludge diversion pump, and a sludge conveying pipe. The inlet of the sludge diversion pipe is located at the bottom of the biological packing chamber and below the gas distribution device. The outlet of the sludge diversion pipe is connected to the inlet of the sludge diversion pump. The inlet of the sludge conveying pipe is connected to the outlet of the sludge diversion pump. The outlet of the sludge conveying pipe is connected to the internal circulation infusion pipe.

[0018] The sediment diversion device extracts the sediment mixture from the bottom of the biological packing chamber and diverts it back. It is then transported to the equalizer via the internal circulation infusion pipe for spraying and release, causing the sediment mixture to spread within the biological packing chamber. This creates a swirling water flow within the chamber, accelerating the diffusion of the sediment mixture and thus speeding up the formation of the anaerobic environment. This enhances the activity of anaerobic microorganisms and improves the denitrification process.

[0019] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, a three-way valve is provided on the internal circulation infusion pipe, and the three-way valve is electrically connected to the control device; the first inlet and outlet of the three-way valve are connected to the internal circulation infusion pipe, and the second inlet of the three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the sediment conveying pipe. By installing a three-way valve on the internal circulation infusion pipe, and controlling the opening and closing of the two inlets of the three-way valve according to the time period of the biological packing chamber, the liquid can be appropriately diverted.

[0020] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the sludge diversion pump is provided with a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet, and the sludge conveying pipe includes a first sludge conveying pipe and a second sludge conveying pipe; the liquid inlet of the first sludge conveying pipe is connected to the first liquid outlet of the sludge diversion pump, and the liquid outlet of the first sludge conveying pipe is connected to the internal circulation conveying pipe; the liquid inlet of the second sludge conveying pipe is connected to the second liquid outlet of the sludge diversion pump, and the liquid outlet of the second sludge conveying pipe is located at the upper part of the biological packing chamber.

[0021] When diverting the sediment mixture from the bottom layer of the aquaculture water microbial purifier, the sediment mixture is guided to the upper part of the biological packing chamber through the second sediment conveying pipe. This allows the sediment mixture to cover the upper part of the biological packing chamber, creating a more enclosed anaerobic environment. Under such an anaerobic environment, denitrifying bacteria can undergo secondary proliferation and organic carbon source replenishment. This results in the release of high-concentration anaerobic bacterial liquid, which mixes more thoroughly with the aquaculture pond effluent multiple times, further shortening the total nitrogen treatment time and improving the total nitrogen treatment efficiency.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0023] This utility model relates to an integrated nitrification and denitrification aquaculture water microbial purifier. Through a control device, the oxygen supply device, internal circulation infusion device, and sediment diversion device are controlled in a time-divided manner. The working period of the biological packing chamber is divided into nitrification and denitrification periods, switching between them to improve equipment utilization and reduce space occupation. During the nitrification period, the biological packing chamber is in an aerobic environment, inhibiting the activity of anaerobic microorganisms, while allowing aerobic microorganisms to carry out normal nitrification. During the denitrification period, the oxygen supply device is turned off, and the sediment diversion device draws the sediment mixture from the bottom of the biological packing chamber to the middle of the chamber and releases it. The biological packing chamber is in an anaerobic environment, inhibiting the activity of aerobic microorganisms, while allowing anaerobic microorganisms to cultivate and denitrify under anaerobic conditions. Furthermore, the sediment mixture provides necessary carbon source replenishment for the denitrification reaction, providing a compensatory function to ensure the denitrification process, achieving convenient and efficient operation with its unique design. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a control schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Example 1;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Example 2;

[0027] The labels are as follows: 1-Biological packing chamber, 2-Water inlet device, 201-Water inlet pipe, 202-Water inlet pump, 3-Drainage device, 301-Drainage pipe, 302-Drainage pump, 4-Oxygen supply device, 401-Oxygen supply pump, 402-Oxygen delivery pipe, 5-Aeration device (aeration plate), 6-Internal circulation infusion device, 601-Internal circulation pump, 602-Internal circulation inlet pipe, 603-Internal circulation infusion pipe, 604-Equalizing distributor, 7-Sludge diversion device, 701-Sludge diversion pipe, 702-Sludge diversion pump, 703-Sludge conveying pipe, 7031-First sludge conveying pipe, 7032-Second sludge conveying pipe, 8-Control device, 9-Microbial packing, 10-Three-way valve. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the present invention, will provide further details.

[0029] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, an integrated nitrification-denitrification aquaculture water microbial purifier includes a biological packing chamber 1, a water inlet device 2, a drainage device 3, an oxygen supply device 4, an aeration device 5, an internal circulation infusion device 6, a sediment diversion device 7, and a control device 8. In this embodiment, the water inlet device 2 includes an inlet pipe 201 and an inlet pump 202. One port of the inlet pipe 201 is connected to the inlet pump 202, and the other port is located in the middle of the inner cavity of the biological packing chamber 1, so that the water from the aquaculture pond is sent into the biological packing chamber 1 through the inlet pipe 201. The drainage device 3 includes a drain pipe 301 and a drain pump 302. One port of the drain pipe 301 is connected to the inlet pump 202. A drainage pump 302 is connected to the middle of the biological packing chamber 1 at another port to discharge the treated water. The aeration device 5 adopts an aeration plate, which is set at the bottom of the biological packing chamber 1. The oxygen supply device 4 includes an oxygen supply pump 401 and an oxygen delivery pipe 402. The outlet of the oxygen delivery pipe 402 extends into the biological packing chamber 1 and is connected to the inlet of the aeration plate 5. Oxygen is delivered to the biological packing chamber 1 through the oxygen delivery pipe 402 and the aeration plate 5. The biological packing chamber 1 is filled with microbial packing material 9, which includes aerobic microbial packing material and anaerobic microbial packing material. The microbial packing material 9 is arranged above the aeration plate 5.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the internal circulation infusion device 6 includes an internal circulation pump 601, an internal circulation inlet pipe 602, an internal circulation infusion pipe 603, and a leveling distributor 604. The internal circulation pump 601 is located at the top of the biological packing chamber 1. The inlet of the internal circulation inlet pipe 602 is located at the bottom of the microbial packing 9. The outlet of the internal circulation inlet pipe 602 is connected to the inlet of the internal circulation pump 601. The inlet of the internal circulation infusion pipe 603 is connected to the outlet of the internal circulation pump 601. The leveling distributor 604 is located between the microbial packing 9 and the gas distribution device 5 to evenly distribute the liquid. The inlet of device 604 is connected to the outlet of the internal circulation infusion pipe 603; the sludge diversion device 7 includes a sludge diversion pipe 701, a sludge diversion pump 702 and a sludge conveying pipe 703. The inlet of the sludge diversion pipe 701 is located at the bottom of the biological packing chamber 1 and below the gas distribution device 5. The outlet of the sludge diversion pipe 701 is connected to the inlet of the sludge diversion pump 702. The inlet of the sludge conveying pipe 703 is connected to the outlet of the sludge diversion pump 702. The outlet of the sludge conveying pipe 703 is connected to the internal circulation infusion pipe 603.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the inlet pump 202, drain pump 302, oxygen supply pump 401, internal circulation pump 601, and sediment diversion pump 702 are all electrically connected to the control device 8. Specifically, the control device 8 can adopt existing technologies such as PLC controllers, microcontrollers, or microprocessors, which will not be detailed here. The control device 8 performs segmented time control on the oxygen supply pump 401, internal circulation pump 601, and sediment diversion pump 702, dividing the working period of the biological packing chamber 1 into a nitrification period and a denitrification period: During the nitrification period, the sediment diversion device 7 is closed, and the oxygen supply device 4 provides normal oxygen to the biological packing chamber 1, keeping it in an aerobic environment and inhibiting the activity of anaerobic microorganisms. The internal circulation infusion device 6 accelerates the water flow vortex in the biological packing chamber 1, allowing aerobic microorganisms to carry out normal nitrification reactions, converting ammonia nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; while during the denitrification period… When the oxygen supply device 4 is turned off, the sediment diversion device 7 extracts the sediment mixture from the bottom of the biological packing chamber 1 and diverts it back. It is then transported to the equalizer 604 via the internal circulation infusion pipe 603 for spraying and release, so that the sediment mixture is distributed in the biological packing chamber 1 and forms a swirling water flow. At this time, the oxygen content in the biological packing chamber 1 is reduced, and the biological packing chamber 1 is in an anaerobic environment, which inhibits the activity of aerobic microorganisms and enhances the activity of anaerobic microorganisms. Anaerobic microorganisms can carry out cultivation and denitrification degradation reactions under hypoxic conditions, and the sediment mixture can provide necessary carbon source supplementation for the denitrification reaction.

[0032] In addition, a three-way valve 10 can be installed on the internal circulation infusion pipe 603. The three-way valve 10 is electrically connected to the control device 8. According to the time period of the biological packing chamber 1, the control device 8 controls the opening and closing of the two inlets of the three-way valve 10 to appropriately divert the liquid. The first inlet and outlet of the three-way valve 10 are connected to the internal circulation infusion pipe 603, and the second inlet of the three-way valve 10 is connected to the outlet of the sediment conveying pipe 703.

[0033] Example 2: Figure 3 As shown, while all other parts are the same as in Embodiment 1, the difference is that: the sediment diversion pump 702 is provided with a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet, and the sediment conveying pipe 703 includes a first sediment conveying pipe 7031 and a second sediment conveying pipe 7032; the liquid inlet of the first sediment conveying pipe 7031 is connected to the first liquid outlet of the sediment diversion pump 702, and the liquid outlet of the first sediment conveying pipe 7031 is connected to the internal circulation conveying pipe; the liquid inlet of the second sediment conveying pipe 7032 is connected to the second liquid outlet of the sediment diversion pump 702, and the liquid outlet of the second sediment conveying pipe 7032 is located at the upper part of the biological packing chamber 1.

[0034] When diverting the sediment mixture from the bottom layer of the aquaculture water microbial purifier, the sediment mixture is guided to the upper part of the biological packing chamber 1 through the second sediment conveying pipe 7032, so that the sediment mixture covers the upper part of the biological packing chamber 1, making the biological packing chamber 1 a more closed anaerobic environment. Under such an anaerobic environment, denitrifying bacteria can be proliferated a second time and organic carbon sources can be replenished, thereby releasing a high concentration of anaerobic bacterial liquid to carry out multiple more thorough mixing reactions with the aquaculture pond effluent, further shortening the total nitrogen treatment time and improving the total nitrogen treatment efficiency.

[0035] Furthermore, it should be noted that the names of the various parts of the specific embodiments described in this specification may differ. All equivalent or simple variations made to the structure, features, and principles described in this utility model patent concept are included within the protection scope of this utility model patent. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of this utility model or exceed the scope defined in these claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An integrated nitrification-denitrification aquaculture water microbial purifier, comprising a biological packing chamber, a water inlet device, a drainage device, an oxygen supply device, an aeration device, an internal circulation infusion device, and a control device; the outlet of the water inlet device is connected to the inner cavity of the biological packing chamber, the aeration device is located at the bottom of the biological packing chamber, and the air inlet of the aeration device is connected to the air outlet of the oxygen supply device; the biological packing chamber is filled with microbial packing material, which is arranged above the aeration device; the water inlet device, drainage device, oxygen supply device, and internal circulation infusion device are all electrically connected to the control device; characterized in that: The integrated nitrification and denitrification aquaculture water microbial purifier also includes a sediment diversion device, which is electrically connected to the control device; the liquid inlet of the sediment diversion device is located at the bottom of the biological packing chamber and below the gas distribution device, and the liquid outlet of the sediment diversion device is located in the middle of the biological packing chamber; the microbial packing includes aerobic microbial packing and anaerobic microbial packing.

2. The integrated nitrification and denitrification aquaculture water microbial purifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal circulation infusion device includes an internal circulation pump, an internal circulation inlet pipe, an internal circulation infusion pipe, and a leveling distributor. The internal circulation pump is located at the top of the biological packing chamber. The inlet of the internal circulation inlet pipe is located below the microbial packing. The outlet of the internal circulation inlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the internal circulation pump. The inlet of the internal circulation infusion pipe is connected to the outlet of the internal circulation pump. The leveling distributor is located between the microbial packing and the gas distribution device. The inlet of the leveling distributor is connected to the outlet of the internal circulation infusion pipe. The sludge diversion device includes a sludge diversion pipe, a sludge diversion pump, and a sludge conveying pipe. The inlet of the sludge diversion pipe is located at the bottom of the biological packing chamber and below the gas distribution device. The outlet of the sludge diversion pipe is connected to the inlet of the sludge diversion pump. The inlet of the sludge conveying pipe is connected to the outlet of the sludge diversion pump. The outlet of the sludge conveying pipe is connected to the internal circulation infusion pipe.

3. The integrated nitrification and denitrification aquaculture water microbial purifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The internal circulation infusion pipe is equipped with a three-way valve, which is electrically connected to the control device; the first inlet and outlet of the three-way valve are connected to the internal circulation infusion pipe, and the second inlet of the three-way valve is connected to the outlet of the sediment conveying pipe.

4. The integrated nitrification and denitrification aquaculture water microbial purifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sludge diversion pump is provided with a first outlet and a second outlet, and the sludge conveying pipe includes a first sludge conveying pipe and a second sludge conveying pipe; the inlet of the first sludge conveying pipe is connected to the first outlet of the sludge diversion pump, and the outlet of the first sludge conveying pipe is connected to the internal circulation conveying pipe; the inlet of the second sludge conveying pipe is connected to the second outlet of the sludge diversion pump, and the outlet of the second sludge conveying pipe is located at the upper part of the biological packing chamber.

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