Clamping mechanism for precisely grinding key groove after positioning rough machining key groove

Abstract

The utility model relates to a clamping mechanism for positioning and finely grinding a key groove after rough machining of the key groove. The clamping mechanism at least comprises a cutter unit, a stand column, a product clamping and fixing unit, a base unit and a product key groove positioning unit. The cutter unit comprises a cutter, a cutter handle and a cutter handle seat; the product clamping unit comprises a product axial pre-positioning block, a pressing plate and a V-shaped block; the base unit is a three-axis horizontal machining center base; the product key groove positioning unit comprises a transverse guide rail bottom plate, a transverse linear guide rail pair, a transverse left limiting adjusting block, a transverse right limiting adjusting block, a longitudinal guide rail bottom plate, a longitudinal linear guide rail pair, a longitudinal front limiting adjusting block, a longitudinal rear limiting tongue plate fixing block, a longitudinal limiting fixing block, a vertical guide rail base, a vertical guide rail bottom plate and a vertical guide rail connecting plate. The device comprises a vertical linear guide rail pair, a vertical limiting block seat, a vertical limiting block, a pressing pin, a handle, a handle fixing block, a limiting tongue plate, a spring, a key groove positioning plate fixing seat and a key groove positioning plate. According to the utility model, the efficiency and the precision of processing the key slot of the product can be improved, the rejection rate of processing tools and products can be reduced, and the production cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a clamping mechanism for positioning and rough machining of keyways followed by fine grinding of keyways, belonging to the field of tooling and fixture technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, keyway machining is a common and important process, especially in the manufacturing of parts requiring high-precision fit, such as gears and camshafts. The quality of keyway machining directly affects the performance and service life of the parts. Traditional keyway machining methods typically include scribing, drilling, and milling. These methods often struggle to guarantee high precision and efficiency, and the clamping process is complex and prone to introducing errors. Currently, when machining large and deep keyways on the main shaft of a carburized and quenched camshaft, the machine tool controls a milling cutter to complete the machining. For companies with limited resources, customers may not have high production volume requirements, but they may have high requirements for the surface roughness of the keyways. Purchasing an expensive high-precision machine tool is impractical for this purpose. Often, a lower-end three-axis machining center is used to complete the machining through multiple milling operations. Even with multiple milling operations, the high surface roughness requirements for the keyway cannot be met. The rapid wear of the milling cutter and the product scrap due to cutter breakage also significantly increase costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a clamping mechanism for positioning and rough machining of keyways followed by fine grinding. This invention can improve the efficiency and accuracy of keyway machining, and also reduce the scrap rate of machining tools and products, thus saving production costs.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: a clamping mechanism for rough machining and then fine grinding of a keyway, comprising at least a tool unit, a column, a product clamping and fixing unit, a base unit, and a product keyway positioning unit; the tool unit includes a tool, a tool holder, and a tool holder seat, the tool being disposed in the inner hole of the tool holder, the tool holder being disposed in the inner hole of the tool holder seat, and the tool unit being mounted on the column; the product clamping unit includes a product axial pre-positioning block, a pressure plate, and a V-block; the base unit is a three-axis horizontal machining center base; the product keyway positioning unit includes a transverse guide rail base plate, a transverse linear guide rail pair, a transverse left limit adjustment block, a transverse right limit adjustment block, a longitudinal guide rail base plate, a longitudinal linear guide rail pair, a longitudinal front limit adjustment block, a longitudinal rear limit tongue plate fixing block, a longitudinal limit fixing block, a vertical guide rail seat, a vertical guide rail base plate, a vertical guide rail connecting plate, a vertical linear guide rail pair, and a vertical limit block. The system includes a base, vertical limit block, pressure pin, handle, handle fixing block, limit tongue plate, spring, keyway positioning plate fixing seat, and keyway positioning plate; a transverse guide rail base plate is mounted on the base of a three-axis horizontal machining center, and a transverse linear guide rail pair is mounted on the transverse guide rail base plate; a longitudinal guide rail base plate is mounted above the transverse linear guide rail pair, and a transverse left limit adjustment block and a transverse right limit adjustment block are mounted on the left and right sides of the longitudinal guide rail base plate; a longitudinal front limit adjustment block is mounted in front of the longitudinal guide rail base plate, and a longitudinal linear guide rail pair is mounted above it; a vertical guide rail base plate is mounted above the longitudinal linear guide rail pair; a spring, a limit tongue plate, and a longitudinal rear limit tongue plate fixing block are mounted in the middle of the longitudinal guide rail base plate; a longitudinal limit fixing block is mounted below the vertical guide rail base plate, and a pressure pin and a vertical guide rail seat are mounted above it; a vertical linear guide rail pair, a handle fixing block, a handle, a vertical limit block seat, a vertical limit block, and a vertical guide rail connecting plate are mounted on the vertical guide rail base.

[0005] Furthermore, the axial pre-positioning block, V-block, and pressure plate are mounted on the base of the three-axis horizontal machining center. The pressure plate and the product axial pre-positioning block are used for the initial positioning of the product, and the pressure plate is used to fix the positioned product.

[0006] Furthermore, a spring, a limiting tongue plate, and a longitudinal rear limiting tongue plate fixing block are installed in the middle of the longitudinal guide rail base plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the spring, the limiting tongue plate, and the longitudinal rear limiting tongue plate fixing block installed on the longitudinal guide rail base plate, together with the longitudinal limiting fixing block and the pressure pin installed on the vertical guide rail base plate, are used to lock the longitudinal position of the keyway positioning plate when the product is positioned.

[0008] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the clamping mechanism for positioning the rough-machined keyway and then fine-grinding the keyway provided by this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0009] (1) The technical solution adopted in this utility model is that the clamping mechanism adopts a three-axis horizontal machining center base, which makes the structure of the entire equipment more compact, occupies less space, and is convenient for installation and use in a limited space. At the same time, the connection between the various components is simple and clear, easy to maintain and replace, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0010] (2) The technical solution adopted by this utility model can be applied to the roughing and fine grinding of keyways of various camshafts with different outer diameters and different axial directions by adjusting the size of the V-block and the position of the axial prepositioning block, and has good versatility.

[0011] (3) The technical solution adopted in this utility model achieves precise positioning of the product keyway by setting up components such as a transverse guide rail base plate, a transverse linear guide rail pair, a longitudinal guide rail base plate, and a longitudinal linear guide rail pair. In addition, components such as a transverse left limit adjustment block, a transverse right limit adjustment block, a longitudinal front limit adjustment block, and a longitudinal rear limit tongue plate fixing block are also set up to further improve the positioning accuracy. Therefore, the efficiency and accuracy of processing the product keyway are improved, the scrap rate of processing tools and products is reduced, and production costs are saved.

[0012] (4) The technical solution adopted in this utility model uses components such as a handle fixing block, a handle, a vertical limiting block seat, and a vertical limiting block, which allows operators to easily clamp and release the product. At the same time, the design of the pressure pin and spring also makes the operation process smoother. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping mechanism of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cutting tool unit structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the product clamping and fixing unit structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the product keyway positioning unit structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the positioning structure of the keyway positioning unit of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the positioning structure of the keyway positioning unit of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the positioning mechanism of the keyway positioning unit of this utility model in position;

[0020] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the positioning mechanism of the keyway positioning unit of this utility model in its retraction position.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Tool unit; 101. Tool; 102. Tool holder; 103. Tool holder seat; 2. Column; 3. Product clamping and fixing unit; 301. Product axial pre-positioning block; 302. Pressure plate; 303. V-block; 4. Three-axis horizontal machining center base; 5. Product keyway positioning unit; 501. Transverse guide rail base plate; 502. Transverse linear guide rail pair; 503. Longitudinal linear guide rail pair; 504. Pressure pin; 505. Vertical guide rail base plate; 506. Longitudinal guide rail base plate; 507. Handle 508. Horizontal right limit adjustment block; 509. Vertical guide rail seat; 510. Handle fixing block; 511. Vertical linear guide rail pair; 512. Longitudinal front limit adjustment block; 513. Horizontal left limit adjustment block; 514. Longitudinal rear limit tongue plate fixing block; 515. Keyway positioning plate; 516. Keyway positioning plate fixing seat; 517. Vertical guide rail connecting plate; 518. Vertical limit block seat; 519. Vertical limit block; 520. Limit tongue plate; 521. Spring; 522. Longitudinal limit fixing block. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0023] The present invention provides a clamping mechanism for positioning a rough-machined keyway followed by a fine-grinding keyway, the structure of which is as follows: Figures 1 to 8As shown, the system includes at least a tool unit 1, a column 2, a product clamping and fixing unit 3, a base unit, and a product keyway positioning unit 5. The tool unit 1 includes a tool 101, a tool holder 102, and a tool holder seat 103, used for machining the product after it has been positioned and fixed. The product clamping and fixing unit 3 includes a product axial pre-positioning block 301, a pressure plate 302, and a V-block 303. The pressure plate and the product axial pre-positioning block 301 are used for the initial positioning of the product, and the pressure plate is used to fix the positioned product. The base unit is a three-axis horizontal machining center base 4, which provides the bottom support for the other units. The axial pre-positioning block, pressure plate, and V-block are all mounted on the three-axis horizontal machining center base 4. The product keyway positioning unit 5 includes a transverse guide rail base plate 501, a transverse linear guide rail pair 502, a transverse left limit adjustment block 513, a transverse right limit adjustment block 508, a longitudinal guide rail base plate 506, a longitudinal linear guide rail pair 503, a longitudinal front limit adjustment block 512, a longitudinal rear limit tongue plate fixing block 514, a longitudinal limit fixing block 522, a vertical guide rail seat 509, a vertical guide rail base plate 505, a vertical guide rail connecting plate 517, a vertical linear guide rail pair 511, a vertical limit block seat 518, a vertical limit block 519, a pressure pin 504, a handle 507, a handle fixing block 510, a limit tongue plate 520, a spring 521, a keyway positioning plate fixing seat 516, and a keyway positioning plate 515. A transverse guide rail base plate 501 is mounted on the base 4 of a three-axis horizontal machining center. A transverse linear guide rail pair 502 is mounted on the transverse guide rail base plate 501, and a longitudinal guide rail base plate 506 is mounted above it. A transverse left limit adjustment block 513 and a transverse right limit adjustment block 508 are mounted on the left and right sides of the longitudinal guide rail base plate 506 to control the transverse movement of the product keyway positioning unit 5. A longitudinal front limit adjustment block 512 is mounted in front of the longitudinal guide rail base plate 506 to adjust the transverse position of the keyway positioning plate 515 during product positioning. A longitudinal linear guide rail pair 503 mounted on its guide rail supports the upper vertical guide rail base plate 505. A spring 521, a limit tongue plate 520, and a longitudinal rear limit tongue plate fixing block 514 mounted in the middle, together with a longitudinal limit fixing block 522 and a pressure pin 504 mounted on the vertical guide rail base plate 505, are used to lock the longitudinal position of the keyway positioning plate 515 during product positioning. A vertical guide rail base plate 505 is installed above the longitudinal linear guide rail pair 503. A longitudinal limiting fixing block 522 is installed below the vertical guide rail base plate 505, and a pressure pin 504 and a vertical guide rail seat 509 are installed above it. The vertical guide rail seat 509 is equipped with a vertical linear guide rail pair 511, a handle fixing block 510, a handle 507, a vertical limiting block seat 518, a vertical limiting block 519, and a vertical guide rail connecting plate 517.

[0024] In this embodiment, the product clamped by the clamping mechanism for positioning the rough-machined keyway and then fine-grinding the keyway is a camshaft. The camshaft position is initially fixed by adjusting the product axial pre-positioning block 301 and V-block 303, so that the rotation axis of the tool 101 is perpendicular to the center line of the camshaft. Then, the lateral relative position of the keyway positioning plate 515 and the rough-machined keyway on the camshaft is adjusted by the lateral left limit adjustment block 513, the lateral right limit adjustment block 508, and the lateral linear guide pair 502. The longitudinal relative position of the keyway positioning plate 515 and the rough-machined keyway on the camshaft is adjusted by the longitudinal front limit adjustment block 512 and the longitudinal linear guide pair 503. Then, the vertical limit block is rotated to release the limit of the handle 507, and the handle 507 is lifted. The pressure pin 504 rises and, under the action of the spring 521, rises in front of the limit tongue 520 fixed by the longitudinal rear limit tongue plate fixing block 514, collides and locks with the longitudinal limit fixing block 522, thus completing the fixation of the longitudinal position. Simultaneously, by lifting the handle 507, the two arc edges at the lower end of the keyway positioning plate 515 are brought into contact with the arc surface of the rough-machined keyway, allowing the product keyway positioning unit 5 to complete the positioning of the rough-machined keyway on the camshaft. After positioning, the camshaft product that has been positioned is fixed with the pressure plate 302, the handle 507 is lowered, the keyway positioning plate 515 is lifted, and at the same time, it exits the machining area of ​​the rough-machined keyway on the camshaft along the longitudinal linear guide pair 503, and machining can then begin.

Claims

1. A clamping mechanism for positioning a rough-machined keyway followed by a finish-ground keyway, comprising at least a tool unit, a column, a product clamping and fixing unit, a base unit, and a product keyway positioning unit, characterized in that: The tool unit includes a tool, a tool holder, and a tool holder seat. The tool is housed in the inner hole of the tool holder, and the tool holder is housed in the inner hole of the tool holder seat. The tool unit is mounted on a column. The product clamping unit includes a product axial pre-positioning block, a pressure plate, and a V-block. The base unit is a three-axis horizontal machining center base. The product keyway positioning unit includes a transverse guide rail base plate, a transverse linear guide rail pair, a transverse left limit adjustment block, a transverse right limit adjustment block, a longitudinal guide rail base plate, a longitudinal linear guide rail pair, a longitudinal front limit adjustment block, a longitudinal rear limit tongue plate fixing block, a longitudinal limit fixing block, a vertical guide rail seat, a vertical guide rail base plate, a vertical guide rail connecting plate, a vertical linear guide rail pair, a vertical limit block seat, a vertical limit block, a pressure pin, a handle, a handle fixing block, a limit tongue plate, a spring, a keyway positioning plate fixing seat, and a keyway fixing plate. Position plate; the transverse guide rail base plate is installed on the base of the three-axis horizontal machining center, and the transverse linear guide rail pair is installed on the transverse guide rail base plate; the longitudinal guide rail base plate is installed above the transverse linear guide rail pair, and the transverse left limit adjustment block and transverse right limit adjustment block are installed on the left and right sides of the longitudinal guide rail base plate; the longitudinal front limit adjustment block is installed in front of the longitudinal guide rail base plate, and the longitudinal linear guide rail pair is installed above it; the vertical guide rail base plate is installed above the longitudinal linear guide rail pair; the middle of the longitudinal guide rail base plate is equipped with a spring, a limit tongue plate, and a longitudinal rear limit tongue plate fixing block; the lower part of the vertical guide rail base plate is equipped with a longitudinal limit fixing block, and the upper part is equipped with a pressure pin and a vertical guide rail seat; the vertical guide rail seat is equipped with a vertical linear guide rail pair, a handle fixing block, a handle, a vertical limit block seat, a vertical limit block, and a vertical guide rail connecting plate.

2. The clamping mechanism for positioning the rough-machined keyway and then finishing the keyway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial pre-positioning block, V-block, and pressure plate are mounted on the base of the three-axis horizontal machining center. The pressure plate and the product axial pre-positioning block are used for the initial positioning of the product, and the pressure plate is used to fix the positioned product.

3. The clamping mechanism for positioning the rough-machined keyway and then finishing the keyway according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring, a limiting tongue, and a longitudinal rear limiting tongue fixing block are installed in the middle of the longitudinal guide rail base plate.

4. The clamping mechanism for positioning the rough-machined keyway and then finishing the keyway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring, the limiting tongue plate, and the longitudinal rear limiting tongue plate fixing block installed on the longitudinal guide rail base plate, together with the longitudinal limiting fixing block and the pressure pin installed on the vertical guide rail base plate, are used to lock the longitudinal position of the keyway positioning plate when the product is positioned.

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