FPGA-based dual-power change-over switch short-circuit operation refusing protection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a dual-power change-over switch, in particular to an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)-based dual-power change-over switch short-circuit operation refusal protection device, which comprises a load; the power supply module comprises a first power supply and a second power supply and is used for supplying power to a load; the switch module comprises a first switch and a second switch, the first switch is used for controlling the circuit connection state of the first power supply and the load, and the second switch is used for controlling the circuit connection state of the second power supply and the load; the switch module is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module is used for controlling the state of the switch module. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the control module can control the state of the switch module so as to realize the switching between the first power supply and the second power supply. The control module can also prevent power supply switching when the load is short-circuited so as to protect the standby power supply and prevent the standby power supply from being damaged by the short circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a dual power transfer switch, and more particularly to a short-circuit protection device for a dual power transfer switch based on FPGA. Background Technology

[0002] A dual power transfer switch is an automatic transfer switch that switches to a backup power supply when the main power supply fails. It automatically switches to the backup power supply when the main power supply experiences undervoltage. However, if a short circuit occurs in the load, the main power supply will also experience undervoltage. If the backup power supply is switched to in this situation, the short-circuited load will also damage the backup power supply.

[0003] In existing technology, dual power transfer switches are classified into CB, PC, and CC classes. PC and CC classes can connect and carry current, but cannot automatically interrupt short-circuit current, resulting in poor circuit protection. CB-class dual power transfer switches are equipped with overcurrent trip units, which automatically disconnect the power supply from the load circuit when a short circuit occurs, preventing damage to the backup power supply. However, the tripping time of the overcurrent trip unit is between 15 milliseconds and 1 second. High-speed transfer switches, on the other hand, have extremely fast switching speeds. For example, mechanical transfer switches switch circuits within 5 milliseconds, while electronic transfer switches can complete the switching within hundreds of microseconds. Therefore, before the overcurrent trip unit trips, the high-speed transfer switch can complete the circuit switching, and the short circuit can also damage the backup power supply. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a short-circuit failure protection device for a dual power supply transfer switch based on FPGA.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A short-circuit failure protection device for a dual-power transfer switch based on FPGA, the device comprising:

[0007] load;

[0008] A power module, including a first power supply and a second power supply, is used to supply power to the load;

[0009] A switching module includes a first switch and a second switch. The first switch is used to control the circuit connection state between the first power supply and the load, and the second switch is used to control the circuit connection state between the second power supply and the load.

[0010] A control module is provided, wherein the switch module is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module is used to control the state of the switch module.

[0011] Preferably, the control module includes:

[0012] A voltage acquisition unit is electrically connected to the first power supply and the second power supply. The voltage acquisition unit is capable of detecting the voltage of the first power supply and the voltage of the second power supply.

[0013] A current acquisition unit is electrically connected to the load, and the current acquisition unit is capable of detecting the current of the load;

[0014] The control unit, the voltage acquisition unit, the current acquisition unit, and the switch module are all electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit can control the state of the switch module according to the voltage of the first power supply, the voltage of the second power supply, and the current of the load.

[0015] Preferably, the control unit is an FPGA chip.

[0016] Preferably, the control module further includes:

[0017] An analog-to-digital converter is provided, wherein the voltage acquisition unit, the current acquisition unit, and the control unit are all electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter can convert the analog voltage data acquired by the voltage acquisition unit into digital voltage data, and can also convert the analog current data acquired by the current acquisition unit into digital current data. Furthermore, it can transmit the digital voltage data and digital current data to the control unit.

[0018] Preferably, the control module further includes:

[0019] An interaction module, electrically connected to the control module, is used to receive user commands.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] In this invention, the control module can control the state of the switching module to achieve switching between the first power supply and the second power supply. The control module can also prevent power switching when a short circuit occurs in the load, thus protecting the backup power supply and preventing damage from the short circuit.

[0022] Furthermore, the voltage acquisition unit can detect the voltage of the first power supply and the voltage of the second power supply, the current acquisition unit can detect the current of the load, and the control unit can control the state of the switching module based on the voltage of the first power supply, the voltage of the second power supply, and the current of the load. Even further, the control unit is an FPGA chip. This setup utilizes the high-speed data processing capabilities of the FPGA to calculate the voltage and current values ​​of the two power supplies in parallel, compare them with set voltage, current, frequency, and three-phase imbalance thresholds, determine in real time whether the power supply voltage, current, and frequency are faulty, and perform switching control according to the corresponding control mechanism. Compared to the sequential calculation method using MCUs and DSPs, parallel calculation can simultaneously monitor the voltage and current status of the two power supplies, significantly shortening the monitoring, judgment, and processing time. Combined with a high-speed switch body, this enables a high-speed dual-power transfer switch that can complete switching within one power frequency cycle. In addition, the FPGA offers excellent flexibility, allowing for flexible adjustment of the control logic according to customer needs. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the short-circuit protection device for a dual power supply transfer switch based on FPGA according to this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the control method for the FPGA-based dual-power transfer switch short-circuit malfunction protection device of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the control method for the FPGA-based dual power transfer switch short-circuit malfunction protection device in other modes not controlled by the control module. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 This invention provides a short-circuit protection device for a dual-power transfer switch based on FPGA. The device includes a power module, a load, a switch module, a control module, and an interaction module.

[0028] The power module is used to provide electrical energy to the load. The power module includes a first power source and a second power source. In this embodiment, the first power source is the main power source currently connected to the load, and the second power source is a backup power source not connected to the load.

[0029] The switching module includes a first switch Q1 and a second switch Q2. A first power source and a load are connected through the first switch Q1. When the first switch Q1 is closed, the first power source and the load are connected; when the first switch Q1 is open, the first power source and the load are disconnected. A second power source and a load are connected through the second switch Q2. When the second switch Q2 is closed, the second power source and the load are connected; when the second switch Q2 is open, the second power source and the load are disconnected.

[0030] The switch module is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module can control the state of the switch module. In this embodiment, the switch module includes the following states: the first switch Q1 is closed and the second switch Q2 is open; the first switch Q1 is open and the second switch Q2 is closed; and both the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are open.

[0031] The control module includes a voltage acquisition unit, a current acquisition unit, an analog-to-digital converter, and a control unit.

[0032] The voltage acquisition unit is electrically connected to both the first and second power supplies. It detects the voltage from both power supplies. The current acquisition unit is electrically connected to the load. It detects the current in the load. Both the voltage and current acquisition units are electrically connected to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The ADC converts the analog voltage data acquired by the voltage acquisition unit into digital voltage data, and it also converts the analog current data acquired by the current acquisition unit into digital current data.

[0033] The control unit is specifically an FPGA, which stands for Field Programmable Gate Array. The FPGA can receive voltage and current digital data output from the analog-to-digital converter and control the state of the switching module based on this data.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 The specific control method of the control unit includes the following steps:

[0035] S1 determines whether the load current has reached the short-circuit current threshold. If the load current reaches the short-circuit current threshold, proceed to S2; otherwise, proceed to S5.

[0036] S2, determine whether a power switch is needed. Specifically, determine whether a power switch is needed based on whether the main power supply is undervoltage. If a power switch is needed, execute S3; if a power switch is not needed, execute S1 again.

[0037] S3 alerts the user that a short circuit has occurred, then executes S4.

[0038] S4 locks the switch module to prevent power switching and avoid short circuit damage to the backup power supply. S1 is then executed again.

[0039] S5: Determine if a power switch is needed. If a power switch is needed, execute S6; otherwise, execute S1 again.

[0040] S6, switch the power supply, then execute S7.

[0041] S7 checks if the power switch was successful. If successful, S1 is executed again; if unsuccessful, S8 is executed.

[0042] S8 triggers an alarm indicating that the power switching failed, followed by S4.

[0043] Furthermore, the short-circuit current threshold in step S1 is set in the FPGA. When the switching module uses a CB-level dual power transfer switch, the short-circuit current threshold is less than the threshold of the electronic trip unit of the CB-level dual power transfer switch. The FPGA can dynamically adjust a suitable short-circuit current threshold according to the undervoltage threshold setting and the short-circuit withstand capability of the electrical load. This avoids the risk that the power supply voltage may drop to the undervoltage threshold due to a short circuit, and the short-circuit current may be very close to the short-circuit withstand capability of the electrical load, but still not reach the set short-circuit current threshold, causing the switch to switch to another normal power supply and resulting in a short circuit in the other power supply as well.

[0044] Furthermore, this control method is used in the mode where the control module controls the switch module. It is not executed for modes such as manual control of the switch module, remote control of the switch module, and communication control of the switch module. Specifically, refer to... Figure 3 For other control modes, the following control methods are executed:

[0045] S201: Received a signal to switch power, then execute S202.

[0046] S202: Determine if a short circuit has occurred. If no short circuit has occurred, execute S203. If a short circuit has occurred, execute S206.

[0047] S203: Switch the power supply, then execute S204.

[0048] S204: Determine if the power supply switching was successful. If successful, end the control method; if unsuccessful, execute S205.

[0049] S205: Alarm message indicating that the user failed to switch power.

[0050] S206: Lock the switch module to prevent power switching and short-circuit damage to the backup power supply. Then execute S207.

[0051] S207: Alarm message indicating a short circuit has occurred.

[0052] The interactive module is electrically connected to the control module. Users can modify main power settings, update undervoltage thresholds, change control modes, and perform other control settings through the interactive module.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A short-circuit malfunction protection device for a dual-power transfer switch based on FPGA, characterized in that, include: load; A power module, including a first power supply and a second power supply, is used to supply power to the load; A switching module includes a first switch and a second switch. The first switch is used to control the circuit connection state between the first power supply and the load, and the second switch is used to control the circuit connection state between the second power supply and the load. A control module is provided, wherein the switch module is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module is used to control the state of the switch module.

2. The FPGA-based dual-power transfer switch short-circuit failure protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes: A voltage acquisition unit is electrically connected to the first power supply and the second power supply. The voltage acquisition unit is capable of detecting the voltage of the first power supply and the voltage of the second power supply. A current acquisition unit is electrically connected to the load, and the current acquisition unit is capable of detecting the current of the load; The control unit, the voltage acquisition unit, the current acquisition unit, and the switch module are all electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit can control the state of the switch module according to the voltage of the first power supply, the voltage of the second power supply, and the current of the load.

3. The FPGA-based dual-power transfer switch short-circuit failure protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control unit is an FPGA chip.

4. The FPGA-based dual-power transfer switch short-circuit failure protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module also includes: An analog-to-digital converter is provided, wherein the voltage acquisition unit, the current acquisition unit, and the control unit are all electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter can convert the analog voltage data acquired by the voltage acquisition unit into digital voltage data, and can also convert the analog current data acquired by the current acquisition unit into digital current data. Furthermore, it can transmit the digital voltage data and digital current data to the control unit.

5. A short-circuit malfunction protection device for a dual-power transfer switch based on FPGA according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control module also includes: An interaction module, electrically connected to the control module, is used to receive user commands.

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