Machining device for machine tool and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model provides a machine tool machining device and a machine tool, the machine tool machining device comprises a shell, a driving motor and a power output end, the driving motor and the power output end are both installed on the shell, the machine tool machining device further comprises a speed change mechanism, the speed change mechanism is installed in the shell, and the driving motor is in transmission connection with the power output end through the speed change mechanism; wherein the driving motor at least has a first rotating speed interval and a second rotating speed interval, and at least part of rotating speeds of the driving motor working in the first rotating speed interval and the second rotating speed interval do not coincide; the speed change mechanism is provided with a first gear and a second gear, and the transmission ratios of the speed change mechanism under the first gear and the second gear are different; the driving motor adjusts the rotating speed and the torque of the power output end by adjusting different rotating speed intervals. According to the machining device of the machine tool, the torque of the main shaft can be improved while the rotating speed of the main shaft is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of processing equipment technology, and in particular to a processing device and machine tool for a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Machine tools process workpieces through a spindle. Generally, the greater the depth of cut, the higher the processing efficiency, but the higher the torque requirement of the spindle.

[0003] To increase the machining torque of the spindle, a dual-speed motor is usually selected. However, simply increasing the size of the motor requires a corresponding increase in the size of the control driver, which will increase the space occupied and the cost.

[0004] Therefore, how to increase the spindle torque while ensuring the spindle speed is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a machining device and machine tool that can increase spindle torque while ensuring spindle speed.

[0006] This utility model provides a processing device for a machine tool, including a housing, a drive motor and a power output end. The drive motor and the power output end are both mounted on the housing. It also includes a speed change mechanism, which is installed inside the housing. The drive motor is connected to the power output end through the speed change mechanism.

[0007] The drive motor has at least a first speed range and a second speed range, and at least a portion of the speeds of the drive motor in the first speed range and the second speed range do not overlap; the transmission mechanism has a first gear and a second gear, and the transmission ratios of the transmission mechanism in the first gear and the second gear are different; the drive motor adjusts the speed and torque of the power output end by adjusting different speed ranges, and the transmission mechanism adjusts the speed and torque of the power output end by adjusting different gears.

[0008] In some feasible embodiments, the system further includes a power module, a first path, and a second path; the power module is connected to the drive motor through the first path or the second path; when the power module is electrically connected to the drive motor through the first path, the drive motor is in a first speed range; when the power module is electrically connected to the drive motor through the second path, the drive motor is in a second speed range; wherein the average speed of the first speed range is greater than the average speed of the second speed range.

[0009] In some feasible embodiments, a star contactor is provided on the first path, and a delta contactor is provided on the second path. The drive motor has a first set of three-phase electrical connection terminals and a second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals. The first set of three-phase electrical connection terminals is electrically connected to the power module, and the second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals is electrically connected to the star contactor or the delta contactor. The star contactor is used to short-circuit the second set of three-phase electrical connections, and the delta contactor is used to electrically connect the second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals to the power module.

[0010] In some feasible embodiments, the transmission mechanism includes a drive shaft, a driven shaft, and a drive shaft. The drive shaft is connected to a drive motor. The drive shaft is disposed between the drive shaft and the driven shaft. The driven shaft is connected to a power output end. A drive gear is disposed on the drive shaft. A first drive gear and a second drive gear are disposed on the drive shaft. A first driven gear and a second driven gear are disposed on the driven shaft. The first drive gear on the drive shaft meshes with the drive gear. The first drive gear is used to mesh with the first driven gear on the driven shaft to put the transmission mechanism in a first gear position. The second drive gear on the drive shaft is used to mesh with the second driven gear on the driven shaft to put the transmission mechanism in a second gear position.

[0011] In some feasible embodiments, a pusher is also included, which is electrically connected to the controller and connected to the drive shaft. The pusher can drive the drive shaft to move between a first position and a second position. When the drive shaft is in the first position, the first drive gear meshes with the first driven gear. When the drive shaft is in the second position, the second drive gear meshes with the second driven gear.

[0012] In some feasible embodiments, the drive shaft is telescopically disposed within the housing, and the first drive gear and the second drive gear are fixedly connected to the drive shaft. In the first position and the second position of the drive shaft, the first drive gear is engaged with the drive gear.

[0013] In some feasible embodiments, a pusher is further included, which is electrically connected to the controller. The transmission shaft is fixedly disposed within the housing. The first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are fixedly connected and movably sleeved on the transmission shaft. The pusher is connected to the first transmission gear and is used to push the first transmission gear to move between a first position and a second position. When the first transmission gear is in the first position, the first transmission gear meshes with the first driven gear. When the first transmission gear is in the second position, the second transmission gear meshes with the second driven gear. When in the first position and the second position, the first transmission gear remains meshed with the driving gear.

[0014] In some feasible embodiments, the processing apparatus further includes a controller electrically connected to the drive motor and the speed change mechanism;

[0015] The processing device also includes a data acquisition module, which is electrically connected to the machine tool and controller and is used to acquire the spindle speed of the machine tool.

[0016] In some feasible implementations, the spindle speed includes a first speed range, a second speed range, a third speed range, and a fourth speed range, wherein the average speed of the first speed range, the second speed range, the third speed range, and the fourth speed range decreases sequentially.

[0017] The output terminal of the controller is electrically connected to the drive motor and the transmission mechanism. The controller is used to control the drive motor to be in the first speed range and control the transmission mechanism to be in the first gear when the spindle speed is in the first speed range; to control the drive motor to be in the second speed range and control the transmission mechanism to be in the first gear when the spindle speed is in the second speed range; to control the drive motor to be in the first speed range and control the transmission mechanism to be in the second gear when the spindle speed is in the third speed range; and to control the drive motor to be in the second speed range and control the transmission mechanism to be in the second gear when the spindle speed is in the fourth speed range.

[0018] This utility model also provides a machine tool, including a base, a spindle, and a processing device of the machine tool disposed on the base, wherein the power output end of the processing device is connected to the spindle.

[0019] The machining apparatus of the aforementioned machine tool includes a drive motor and a power output end both mounted on a housing, and a speed change mechanism installed inside the housing. The drive motor is connected to the power output end via the speed change mechanism. The drive motor has at least a first speed range and a second speed range, and at least a portion of the speeds in the first and second speed ranges do not overlap. The speed change mechanism has a first gear and a second gear, with different transmission ratios in the first and second gears. The drive motor adjusts the speed and torque of the power output end by adjusting different speed ranges, and the speed change mechanism adjusts the speed and torque of the power output end by adjusting different gears. By adjusting the speed range of the drive motor and the gears of the speed change mechanism, the spindle speed is maintained while the spindle torque is increased. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a processing apparatus for a machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the speed change mechanism in the first gear position in the processing device of a machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the speed change mechanism in the second gear position in the processing device of a machine tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 An electrical diagram of the drive motor in the machining apparatus of a machine tool provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 5 Electrical diagram of the controller and acquisition module in the machining apparatus of a machine tool provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0026] Component Symbol Explanation

[0027] 100, Housing; 200, Drive Motor; 210, Power Module; 220, First Path; 230, Second Path; 401, Drive Gear; 250, First Three-Phase Electrical Connection Terminal; 260, Second Three-Phase Electrical Connection Terminal; 300, Power Output Terminal; 400, Speed ​​Transmission Mechanism; 410, Drive Shaft; 411, First Drive Gear; 412, Second Drive Gear; 420, Driven Shaft; 421, First Driven Gear; 422, Second Driven Gear; 430, Drive Shaft; 440, Pushing Component; W1, First Position; W2, Second Position; 500, Controller; 600, Data Acquisition Module.

[0028] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] To provide a clearer and more accurate understanding of the present invention, a detailed description will now be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate examples of embodiments of the present invention, wherein the same reference numerals denote the same elements. It is to be understood that the scale shown in the accompanying drawings is not the actual scale of the present invention, but is for illustrative purposes only and is not a drawing based on the original dimensions.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 and 2 This utility model provides a processing device for a machine tool, including a housing 100, a drive motor 200 and a power output end 300.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 2The housing 100 is used to house the transmission mechanism 400 and to mount the drive motor 200. In this embodiment, the housing 100 is rectangular, the drive motor 200 is disposed outside the housing 100, the power output end 300 extends from the inside of the housing 100 to the outside of the housing 100, the drive motor 200 is mounted above the housing 100, the drive motor 200 is located above the transmission mechanism 400 and is coaxially arranged with the input end of the transmission mechanism 400, the power output end 300 is connected to the main shaft for transmission, the main shaft is mounted outside the housing 100, the main shaft and the drive motor 200 are respectively located on both sides of the housing 100, and the power output end 300 is coaxially arranged with the main shaft.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 2 and 3 To enable multi-level speed regulation between the drive motor 200 and the spindle, both the drive motor 200 and the power output terminal 300 are mounted on the housing 100. The drive motor 200 adjusts the speed and torque of the power output terminal 300 by regulating different speed ranges. The machine tool's processing device also includes a speed change mechanism 400, which is installed inside the housing 100. The drive motor 200 is connected to the power output terminal 300 via the speed change mechanism 400.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 and 4 The following details how the drive motor 200 adjusts its speed and torque. The drive motor 200 has at least a first speed range and a second speed range, and at least a portion of the speeds in the first and second speed ranges do not overlap. The average speed in the first speed range is greater than the average speed in the second speed range. In this embodiment, the first speed range can be 2000-8000 rpm, and the second speed range can be 0-2000 rpm. In other embodiments, the first and second speed ranges can be adjusted according to actual conditions and are not limited to the above-mentioned speed ranges; the first and second speed ranges may also have overlapping sub-ranges.

[0037] It is understood that in this embodiment, the drive motor 200 can adjust its speed, especially the maximum speed, through different wiring methods. For example, the machining device of the machine tool also includes a power module 210, a first path 220, and a second path 230; the power module 210 is connected to the drive motor 200 through the first path 220 or the second path 230; when the power module 210 is electrically connected to the drive motor 200 through the first path 220, the drive motor 200 is in a first speed range; when the power module 210 is electrically connected to the drive motor 200 through the second path 230, the drive motor 200 is in a second speed range.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 4 The wiring method of the first path 220 differs from that of the second path 230. Specifically, the first path 220 is equipped with a star contactor, and the second path 230 is equipped with a delta contactor. The drive motor 200 has a first set of three-phase electrical connection terminals and a second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals. The first set of three-phase electrical connection terminals is electrically connected to the power module 210, and the second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals is electrically connected to either the star contactor or the delta contactor. The star contactor is used to short-circuit the second set of three-phase electrical connections, and the delta contactor is used to electrically connect the second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals to the power module 210. The wiring method for connecting the second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals to the power module 210 is a staggered electrical connection, that is, U2, V2, and W2 of the second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals are electrically connected to V1, W1, and U1 of the power module 210, respectively.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 2 and 3 The following describes how the transmission mechanism 400 achieves speed change. Specifically, the transmission mechanism 400 has a first gear and a second gear, and the transmission ratios in the first gear and the second gear are different. The transmission mechanism 400 adjusts the speed and torque of the power output terminal 300 by adjusting different gears. For example, in this embodiment, the transmission ratio is equal to 1 when the transmission mechanism 400 is in the first gear, and the transmission ratio is greater than 1 when the transmission mechanism 400 is in the second gear. Of course, in other embodiments, the transmission ratio can be greater than 1 when the transmission mechanism 400 is in the first gear, and equal to 1 when the transmission mechanism 400 is in the second gear.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 2 and 3The following describes the specific structure of the transmission mechanism 400. Specifically, the transmission mechanism 400 includes a drive shaft 410, a driven shaft 420, and a drive shaft 430. The drive shaft 430 is connected to the drive motor 200. The drive shaft 410 is positioned between the drive shaft 430 and the driven shaft 420. The driven shaft 420 is connected to the power output end 300. A drive gear 401 is mounted on the drive shaft 430. The drive motor 200 supplies power to the transmission mechanism 400. The drive shaft 410 and the driven shaft 420 are connected in a transmission manner.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 2 and 3 The drive shaft 410 and the driven shaft 420 are connected by the following structure: Specifically, the drive shaft 410 is provided with a first drive gear 411 and a second drive gear 412, which are arranged adjacent to each other, and the first drive gear 411 has more teeth than the second drive gear 412. The driven shaft 420 is provided with a first driven gear 421 and a second driven gear 422, which are arranged at intervals, and the first driven gear 421 has fewer teeth than the second driven gear 422. The first transmission gear 411 on the transmission shaft 410 meshes with the driving gear 401. The first transmission gear 411 is used to mesh with the first driven gear 421 on the driven shaft 420 so that the transmission mechanism 400 is in the first gear position. The second transmission gear 412 on the transmission shaft 410 is used to mesh with the second driven gear 422 on the driven shaft 420 so that the transmission mechanism 400 is in the second gear position.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , 2 3. To facilitate switching between the first and second gears in the transmission mechanism 400, the machine tool's processing device also includes a pusher 440. The pusher 440 is electrically connected to the controller 500, which in turn drives the pusher 440 to reciprocate. The pusher 440 is connected to the transmission shaft 410, enabling it to move from a first position W1 to a second position W2. When the transmission shaft 410 is in the first position W1, the first transmission gear 411 meshes with the first driven gear 421. When the transmission shaft 410 is in the second position W2, the second transmission gear 412 meshes with the second driven gear 422. It can be understood that when the transmission shaft 410 is in the first position W1, the transmission mechanism 400 is in the first gear, i.e., the high-speed gear. When the transmission shaft 410 is in the second position W2, the transmission mechanism 400 is in the second gear, i.e., the low-speed gear.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 2and 3 In this embodiment, the transmission shaft 410 is telescopically disposed within the housing 100. The first transmission gear 411 and the second transmission gear 412 are fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 410. When the transmission shaft 410 is in the first position W1 and the second position W2, the first transmission gear 411 is engaged with the drive gear 401.

[0044] In some other embodiments, to facilitate switching between the first and second gears in the gear shifting mechanism 400 and to minimize the number of moving structural components in the gear shifting mechanism 400, the machining device of the machine tool also includes a pusher 440, which is electrically connected to the controller 500. The transmission shaft 410 is fixedly disposed within the housing 100. The first transmission gear 411 and the second transmission gear 412 are fixedly connected and movably sleeved on the transmission shaft 410. When the gear shifting mechanism 400 changes gears, only the first transmission gear 411 and the second transmission gear 412 need to be moved, thereby improving the efficiency of gear shifting in the gear shifting mechanism 400.

[0045] In some other embodiments, the pusher 440 is connected to the first transmission gear 411 and is used to push the first transmission gear 411 to move between a first position W1 and a second position W2. When the first transmission gear 411 is in the first position W1, the first transmission gear 411 meshes with the first driven gear 421; when the first transmission gear 411 is in the second position W2, the second transmission gear 412 meshes with the second driven gear 422. When in the first position W1 and the second position W2, the first transmission gear 411 remains meshed with the driving gear 401.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 2 and 3 In order to enable the speed change mechanism 400 and the drive motor 200 to automatically adjust the gear or speed range when the machine tool spindle is at different speeds, the processing device also includes a controller 500, which is electrically connected to the drive motor 200 and the speed change mechanism 400. By setting the controller 500, the drive motor 200 can be controlled to adjust the speed range, and the gear of the speed change mechanism 400 can also be adjusted, without the need for manual adjustment by the operator, thus improving adjustment efficiency.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 5 The spindle speed of the machine tool can be obtained in the following ways. For example, the processing device also includes a data acquisition module 600, which is electrically connected to the machine tool and controller 500 and is used to acquire the spindle speed of the machine tool.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 5To facilitate determining the spindle speed range, a stepped speed range can be established. For example, the spindle speed range may include a first speed range, a second speed range, a third speed range, and a fourth speed range. The average speed values ​​of these four speed ranges decrease sequentially. The combined speed ranges cover all spindle speeds. For instance, the first speed range may be the highest speed range, the second a high-level range, the third an intermediate range, and the fourth a basic range. In other words, the maximum range is defined as 0 and the highest spindle speed. This maximum range is then divided into multiple smaller ranges. The number of smaller ranges can be adjusted based on actual conditions. In this embodiment, there are four smaller ranges. In other embodiments, the number of smaller ranges can be any integer greater than or equal to two.

[0049] When the spindle is in any of the four speed ranges, the controller 500 adjusts the drive motor 200 and the transmission mechanism 400 to adapt to each speed range of the spindle. Specifically, the output terminal of the controller 500 is electrically connected to the drive motor 200 and the transmission mechanism 400. The controller 500 is used to control the drive motor 200 to be in the first speed range and the transmission mechanism 400 to be in the first gear when the spindle speed is in the first speed range. The controller 500 is also used to control the drive motor 200 to be in the second speed range and the transmission mechanism 400 to be in the first gear when the spindle speed is in the second speed range. The controller 500 is also used to control the drive motor 200 to be in the first speed range and the transmission mechanism 400 to be in the second gear when the spindle speed is in the third speed range. The controller 500 is also used to control the drive motor 200 to be in the second speed range and the transmission mechanism 400 to be in the second gear when the spindle speed is in the fourth speed range.

[0050] The machining apparatus of the aforementioned machine tool includes a drive motor 200 and a power output end 300 both mounted on a housing 100. It also includes a speed change mechanism 400, which is installed within the housing 100. The drive motor 200 is connected to the power output end 300 via the speed change mechanism 400. The drive motor 200 has at least a first speed range and a second speed range, and at least a portion of the speeds in the first and second speed ranges do not overlap. The speed change mechanism 400 has a first gear and a second gear, with different transmission ratios in the first and second gears. The drive motor 200 adjusts the speed and torque of the power output end 300 by adjusting different speed ranges, and the speed change mechanism 400 adjusts the speed and torque of the power output end 300 by adjusting different gears. By adjusting the speed range of the drive motor 200 and the gears of the speed change mechanism 400, the spindle speed is maintained while the spindle torque is increased.

[0051] This utility model also provides a machine tool, including a base, a spindle, and a processing device of the above-mentioned machine tool disposed on the base, wherein the power output end 300 of the processing device is connected to the spindle.

[0052] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0053] The above-listed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A machining apparatus for a machine tool, comprising a housing (100), a drive motor (200), and a power output end (300), wherein the drive motor (200) and the power output end (300) are both mounted on the housing (100), characterized in that, It also includes a speed change mechanism (400), which is installed inside the housing (100), and the drive motor (200) is connected to the power output end (300) through the speed change mechanism (400); The drive motor (200) has at least a first speed range and a second speed range, and the drive motor (200) operates at least partially at speeds that do not overlap with the first speed range and the second speed range; the transmission mechanism (400) has a first gear and a second gear, and the transmission ratios of the transmission mechanism (400) in the first gear and the second gear are different; the drive motor (200) adjusts the speed and torque of the power output end (300) by adjusting different speed ranges, and the transmission mechanism (400) adjusts the speed and torque of the power output end (300) by adjusting different gears.

2. The machining apparatus for the machine tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power module (210), a first path (220), and a second path (230); the power module (210) is connected to the drive motor (200) through the first path (220) or the second path (230); when the power module (210) is electrically connected to the drive motor (200) through the first path (220), the drive motor (200) is in a first speed range; when the power module (210) is electrically connected to the drive motor (200) through the second path (230), the drive motor (200) is in a second speed range; wherein, the average speed of the first speed range is greater than the average speed of the second speed range.

3. The machining apparatus for the machine tool as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A star contactor is provided on the first passage (220), and a delta contactor is provided on the second passage (230). The drive motor (200) has a first set of three-phase electrical connection terminals (250) and a second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals (260). The first set of three-phase electrical connection terminals (250) is electrically connected to the power module (210), and the second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals (260) is electrically connected to the star contactor or the delta contactor. The star contactor is used to short-circuit the second set of three-phase electrical circuits, and the delta contactor is used to electrically connect the second set of three-phase electrical connection terminals to the power module (210).

4. The machining apparatus for the machine tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (400) includes a drive shaft (410), a driven shaft (420), and a drive shaft (430). The drive shaft (430) is connected to a drive motor (200). The drive shaft (410) is positioned between the drive shaft (430) and the driven shaft (420). The driven shaft (420) is connected to a power output end (300). A drive gear (401) is mounted on the drive shaft (430). A first transmission gear (411) and a second transmission gear (412) are mounted on the drive shaft (410). The driven shaft (420)... The transmission mechanism (400) is provided with a first driven gear (421) and a second driven gear (422). The first transmission gear (411) on the transmission shaft (410) meshes with the driving gear (401). The first transmission gear (411) is used to mesh with the first driven gear (421) on the driven shaft (420) so that the transmission mechanism (400) is in the first gear position. The second transmission gear (412) on the transmission shaft (410) is used to mesh with the second driven gear (422) on the driven shaft (420) so that the transmission mechanism (400) is in the second gear position.

5. The machining apparatus for the machine tool as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a pusher (440), which is electrically connected to the controller (500) and connected to the drive shaft (410). The pusher (440) can drive the drive shaft (410) to move between a first position (W1) and a second position (W2). When the drive shaft (410) is in the first position (W1), the first drive gear (411) meshes with the first driven gear (421). When the drive shaft (410) is in the second position (W2), the second drive gear (412) meshes with the second driven gear (422).

6. The machining apparatus for a machine tool as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The drive shaft (410) is telescopically disposed within the housing (100). The first drive gear (411) and the second drive gear (412) are fixedly connected to the drive shaft (410). In the first position (W1) and the second position (W2) of the drive shaft (410), the first drive gear (411) is engaged with the drive gear (401).

7. The machining apparatus for a machine tool as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a pusher (440), which is electrically connected to the controller (500). The drive shaft (410) is fixedly disposed in the housing (100). The first drive gear (411) and the second drive gear (412) are fixedly connected and movably sleeved on the drive shaft (410). The pusher (440) is connected to the first drive gear (411) and is used to push the first drive gear (411) to move between the first position (W1) and the second position (W2). When the first drive gear (411) is in the first position (W1), the first drive gear (411) meshes with the first driven gear (421). When the first drive gear (411) is in the second position (W2), the second drive gear (412) meshes with the second driven gear (422). When it is in the first position (W1) and the second position (W2), the first drive gear (411) remains meshed with the driving gear (401).

8. The machining apparatus for a machine tool as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The processing device also includes a controller (500), which is electrically connected to the drive motor (200) and the speed change mechanism (400); The processing device also includes a data acquisition module (600), which is electrically connected to the machine tool and controller (500) and is used to acquire the spindle speed of the machine tool.

9. The machining apparatus for a machine tool as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The spindle speed includes a first speed range, a second speed range, a third speed range, and a fourth speed range, and the average speed of the first speed range, the second speed range, the third speed range, and the fourth speed range decreases sequentially. The output terminal of the controller (500) is electrically connected to the drive motor (200) and the transmission mechanism (400). The controller (500) is used to control the drive motor (200) to be in the first speed range and control the transmission mechanism (400) to be in the first gear when the spindle speed is in the first speed range; to control the drive motor (200) to be in the second speed range and control the transmission mechanism (400) to be in the first gear when the spindle speed is in the second speed range; to control the drive motor (200) to be in the first speed range and control the transmission mechanism (400) to be in the second gear when the spindle speed is in the third speed range; and to control the drive motor (200) to be in the second speed range and control the transmission mechanism (400) to be in the second gear when the spindle speed is in the fourth speed range.

10. A machine tool, comprising a base and a spindle, characterized in that, It also includes a machining device for the machine tool as described in any one of claims 1-9, which is mounted on a base, wherein the power output end (300) of the machining device is connected to the spindle.

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